CN111149686A

CN111149686A - Crossbreeding and breeding method of English 1 wheat

Info

Publication number: CN111149686A
Application number: CN202010124254.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张国英
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-02-27
Filing date: 2020-02-27
Publication date: 2020-05-15
Anticipated expiration: 2040-02-27
Also published as: CN111149686B

Abstract

The invention relates to a crossbreeding and breeding method of English seed No. 1 wheat, which comprises the following steps: (1) selecting mimai No. 6 wheat as a female parent and mimai No. 7 wheat as a male parent for hybridization; (2) emasculating the female parent, maturing stigma 1-3 days later, pollinating, stripping young embryo for in vitro culture 25-28 days later after pollination to obtain F1 generation wheat seed; (3) performing vernalization treatment and additional reproduction on the F1 generation wheat seeds for multiple times to obtain F4 generation wheat seeds; and vernalizing the F4 generation wheat seeds, and performing directional cultivation to obtain the English seed No. 1 wheat. The English seed No. 1 wheat variety can reduce the seed consumption per mu of land by about 30 percent, improve the yield by more than 10 percent on the original basis and improve the wheat quality.

Description

Crossbreeding and breeding method of English 1 wheat

Technical Field

The invention relates to a plant breeding and propagating method, in particular to a crossbreeding and propagating method of English seed No. 1 wheat

Background

Wheat is a gramineous plant widely planted in the world, is the second food crop of the world's total production, second only to corn, and wheat is the main food for about 40% of the world's population. China is the largest wheat producing country and consuming country in the world, and the development of wheat production plays an important role in guaranteeing food safety and market demand in China. China is the largest wheat producing and consuming country in the world, is the third grain crop in China, accounts for 17% of the total wheat producing amount and 16% of the total wheat consuming amount in the world in the current year, and the production of China has important significance for guaranteeing national grain safety.

However, as the living standard of people is improved and the cost of labor force and production data is continuously increased, the wheat production faces the challenges of improving quality, reducing cost and protecting environment; on the basis of the current good eating, the vast consumers have higher and higher requirements on high-quality, nutritional and healthy wheat products in the market, and the high-quality variety of wheat can not completely meet the market requirements; increasing labor and production data costs are increasingly limiting the competitiveness of the wheat industry.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the problems, the inventor utilizes mimai No. 6 wheat as a female parent and mimai No. 7 branched wheat as a male parent to perform hybridization to breed the English seed No. 1 wheat, and the seed consumption of the wheat of the variety can be reduced by about 30 percent per mu; the yield is improved by more than 10 percent on the original basis; improving the quality of wheat, such as increasing the protein content and the like.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the crossbreeding and propagating method of English 1 wheat includes the following steps:

(1) selecting parents: taking mimai No. 6 wheat as a female parent and mimai No. 7 wheat as a male parent for hybridization;

(2) castration and pollination: emasculating the female parent, immediately covering a paper bag, and marking the name and the emasculation date of the female parent, and pollinating after the stigma is mature; after pollination, sheathing a paper bag immediately, noting the names of the male parent and the female parent and the pollination date, and then stripping the immature embryo for in vitro culture to obtain F1 generation wheat seeds;

(3) generation-adding propagation and system selection: vernalization and generational propagation are carried out on the F1 generation wheat seeds to obtain F2 generation wheat seeds; vernalization treatment and generation-adding propagation are carried out on the F2 generation wheat seeds to obtain F3 generation wheat seeds; vernalization treatment and generation-adding propagation are carried out on the F3 generation wheat seeds to obtain F4 generation wheat seeds; and vernalizing the F4 generation wheat seeds, and performing directional cultivation to obtain the English seed No. 1 wheat.

Further, in step (1), the mother chooses robust primary scions, leaving 9 scions on top of the primary scions, each with 2 flowers with developed bases.

Further, in step (2), the castration operation is: clamping the whole wheat ear by using the thumb and middle finger of the left hand, slightly pressing the inner glume and the outer glume of the flower one by using the index finger, and inserting the three anthers into the small flower by using the forceps of the right hand, wherein the anthers are preferably removed at one time without hurting stigma, inner glume and outer glume and simultaneously without breaking the anthers; once the anther is pinched, the small flower is removed, and the tip of the forceps is scrubbed by an alcohol cotton ball to kill the pollen attached to the small flower; emasculation should be performed from top to bottom in sequence without omission.

Further, in the step (2), the stigmas are ripe 1 to 3 days after the castration; the stripping of the young embryo is carried out after pollination for 25-28 days.

Furthermore, the stigma is mature 1 to 3 days after castration, and pollination can be performed, but the maturing speed of the stigma is inconsistent due to the difference of the early and late heading stage of the variety and the current temperature, and particularly under the high-temperature condition, the stigma can mature 1 to 2 days after castration, and some stigma can mature even in the castration, so that the pollination is performed in time when the opportunity is favored, and the maturing rate is improved.

Further, in the step (2), the pollination operation is: selecting flowers which have opened in the middle-upper part of the ear of the mimai No. 7 wheat, pressing the flowering inner and outer glumes with forceps, and clamping fresh yellow mature anthers for later use; at the time of pollination, the paper bag on the mimai No. 6 wheat ear was removed and the mature anthers were picked up and put in each flower of mimai No. 6 wheat in turn, and the anthers were gently rubbed on the stigma to ensure good stigma pollination.

Further, in the step (3), the vernalization treatment is carried out by adopting a greenhouse in winter and a refrigerator in summer, and the temperature is controlled to be 6-8 ℃ in the whole vernalization treatment process.

Further, in the step (3), the vernalization treatment and generation-adding propagation of the F1 generation, the F2 generation and the F3 generation are specifically carried out by ① seedling transplanting, wherein the suitable time for transplanting the wheat seedlings is mastered, 270 wheat seeds are sown in 10 th 6 th, the wheat seedlings are dug out in 25 th 6 th, transplanted to fertile and high land, the seedlings are waterlogged to prevent excessive rainfall in summer, the row spacing is 20 cm and 15 cm during transplanting, 8 square meters are planted, and the plant diseases and insect pests are prevented in time after transplanting, ② seedling recovery stage is carried out after planting due to root injury, the seedlings pass through the seedling recovery stage in 7 th 2 th 6 th 25 th to 7 th 2 th 6 th, ③ seedling stage shows that tillering is averagely increased by 3.1 seedlings per plant in 20 th 7 th day, ④ seedling stage is carried out, the wheat enters the stage of lifting in 22 th 7 th day, the stage of lifting is carried out according to the soil moisture content, measures such as fertilization and fertilization, plant diseases and insect pests are increased, the plant growth rate is increased, the average, the seedling number of seedlings is increased from 658.8, the stage of seedling harvest is increased, the seedling harvest is carried out in the total of the stage of the total harvest of 1 month, the harvest stage (658), the total 15.8 days), the total harvest stage), the harvest stage is carried out, the total of the harvest of one month, the harvest stage, the total of one month, the total harvest time of one month, the;

the temperature and humidity of day and night are not required, because the land generation is added, the temperature difference between day and night is natural according to normal temperature, the soil humidity is about 70%, and the later stage wheat rising and filling period does not influence normal maturity according to the normal temperature although the temperature is lower.

Further, in the step (3), the vernalization treatment of the F4 generation is specifically carried out by the following steps of transplanting ①, sowing wheat seeds of the F4 generation in the field in the late ten days of 9 months, digging out the wheat seedlings in the late 10 months, transplanting the wheat seedlings into a greenhouse, and transplanting the wheat seedlings in the seedling reviving stage ②, wherein when the wheat seedlings are excavated from the ground, the roots of the wheat seedlings are injured, and a recovery stage, namely the seedling reviving stage, is provided after transplanting, at the moment, if the temperature in the greenhouse is too high, the transpiration of the leaves is intensified, the leaves at the base part are withered, the growth and tillering are influenced, the temperature is too low, the seedling reviving stage is prolonged, so that the temperature in the greenhouse is not more than 12 ℃ at the maximum in the daytime and not less than 10 ℃ at night, the humidity is.

Furthermore, in the step (3), the specific operation of the directional cultivation is that in the ① rising stage, the temperature in the greenhouse is controlled to be not more than 16 ℃ at the maximum in the daytime, not less than 10 ℃ at night, the average temperature is 13 ℃ at the maximum and the humidity is 75 +/-2% in 9 days in order to accelerate the growth of the wheat seedlings after the seedlings are delayed, in the first ten days of the jointing stage, the temperature in the greenhouse is controlled to be not more than 16 ℃ at the maximum in the daytime, not less than 9 ℃ at the night, and the daily average temperature is 12.5 ℃, in the ② jointing stage, the temperature in the greenhouse is controlled to be not more than 15 ℃ at the maximum and the daily average temperature is 20 +/-2 ℃ after the rising is completed, in the ③ heading-grouting stage, the temperature in the greenhouse is increased to 25-33 ℃ after the jointing is completed, the early maturity is promoted, the wheat seedlings are spiced, the temperature in the greenhouse is increased to 33-38 ℃ after the spicing.

Furthermore, the greenhouse has less sunshine, high temperature, high humidity and poor permeability, and the wheat is easy to cause damages such as powdery mildew, aphids and the like in the rising and jointing process, so that the pest control needs to be carried out in the jointing stage, and the specific operation method comprises the following steps: spraying the triadimefon with the concentration of 40% once, wherein the dosage is 50 milliliters per mu, so as to prevent powdery mildew; can be sprayed with 5000 times of omethoate or imidacloprid of 2500-.

Further, in the heading-grouting period, 200ppm of sodium bisulfite aqueous solution is sprayed, and the spraying is carried out for 2-3 times from heading to grouting, wherein the interval between each time is 7-8 days, the thousand kernel weight can be improved by 2.2 g, the yield can be increased by 10.6%, the grouting speed can be promoted, the seeds are full, and the seeds are matured in advance for 3-5 days.

Further, the inventor obtains the suitable planting area or environment condition of the English seed No. 1 wheat through years of experiments, and the cultivation technical points are as follows:

(1) the English 1 wheat is in the branch type, the number of small ears per ear is 30-52, the number of grains per ear is 60-190, and the condition of rich water is different. The particles are all medium in size, and are suitable for large-area medium or more than medium water-rich soil planting. Years of propagation and cultivation experiments of the inventor show that: the average yield per mu is 650 kg under the condition of rich water above medium water, the yield is increased by more than 15 percent compared with mimai No. 6, the early maturity is 1 day, and the yield per mu is 542-;

(2) the method is suitable for regions: the English 1 wheat is propagated at high power by adopting outer region additional generation and sparse planting from the additional generation so as to shorten the breeding period. Because the plant is formed by artificial selection under different ecological conditions, the plant can be planted under the conditions of moderate or more water and fertilizer in the reaction of light intensity and the like. After the English seed No. 1 is bred, in order to accelerate seed propagation, the generation-increasing high-power propagation is carried out in places such as Shandong Texas, Binzhou and the like from 2017, the growth and development of the soil are good, and the wide adaptability is proved;

(3) the cultivation key points are as follows: the variety is suitable for ecological planting in brown soil, sandy black soil, No. 17 Jinan (primary No. 924142 planting area) and the like, or planting under the condition of high rich water with the average yield per mu of more than 350 kilograms. Sowing in Shandong province at a sowing period of 10 months, 25 days to 11 months and 10 days, or sowing at a daily average temperature of 8-13 ℃ (because the wheat strain is weak winter, the sowing is prevented from being frozen too early), sowing is carried out at a seed quantity of 6-8 kg per mu, the seed quantity is reduced or increased according to the morning and evening of the sowing, the sowing row spacing is 18-20 cm, organic fertilizer is additionally applied before the sowing, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potash fertilizer are used in cooperation, more frozen water is poured according to the water content of soil before the year, intertillage hoe is enhanced in the green returning period, management is carried out according to the growth condition of the wheat after the wheat is pulled out, and aphids and other plant diseases and insect pests are prevented and controlled in.

The invention relates to application of English seed No. 1 wheat in breeding.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the method selects mimai No. 6 wheat as a female parent and mimai No. 7 wheat as a male parent for hybridization, castration is carried out on the female parent, the stigma is mature after 1 to 3 days, pollination can be carried out, young embryos are stripped and isolated for culture after 25 to 28 days of pollination, F1 generation wheat seeds are obtained, and multiple vernalization and multiple generational propagation are carried out on the F1 generation wheat seeds, so that F4 generation wheat seeds are obtained; and vernalizing the F4 generation wheat seeds, and performing directional cultivation to obtain the English seed No. 1 wheat. The English seed No. 1 wheat obtained by the breeding method has late maturity, strong seedling emergence capability and high tillering and spike forming rate; the seedling has weak winter property, early green turning, semi-creeping seedling, developed root system and strong growth force and cold resistance; the three-rust light-feeling sheath blight and powdery mildew are resisted, the plant type is compact, the growth phase is clear, the leaves are light green from the stem pulling stage to the flag picking stage, the leaves are dark green after the flag picking, the leaves are curled and lifted, the leaves are slightly dry and sharp at the later stage, the leaves are white and have earhair, the live stems are mature, and the stems are waxy; after the emergence of the spikes and flowering, the spikes and plants are in the same color, the spike forming rate is high, the stems are hard, the plant height is about 60 cm, the spikes are lodging-resistant and dry hot air-resistant, the length of the spikes is 10-14cm, the width is 2-4cm, the thickness is 1.5-2cm, the top awns, the white shells, the glume protection elliptical shape, no glume shoulders and sharp glume mouths are formed; the grains are oval, the grain length is about 0.6 cm, the width is 0.34 cm, the wheat furrows (recesses) are about 0.16 cm deep, the grains are light brown, the half cutin and the grain fullness are medium, the change range of thousand kernel weight is small, and the average thousand kernel weight is about 40 g. Has the characteristic of multiple flowers of ear branches. The yield increase potential is large, the high and stable yield is good, the grain number of a single spike is 60-190 grains, the grain number is different according to the soil fertility condition, the mouth shape is medium, and the average yield per mu is 650 kilograms.

The English seed 1 wheat variety can reduce the seed consumption per mu of land by about 30 percent, improve the yield by more than 10 percent on the original basis, and improve the wheat quality, such as the protein content (generally, the wheat is about 13 percent, and the protein of English seed I is about 15 percent). The English seed No. 1 wheat is branched wheat with a single ear number of 60-190, and has specificity; for more than 3 years from 2017, a generation-adding propagation method is adopted, the variety is planted in high-fertilizer and medium-fertilizer plots, various characteristics are kept consistent, and the variety has wide adaptability; after the English seed 1 wheat is cultivated and propagated in a field or a greenhouse, the original characteristics and characteristics of the variety, particularly the seed character, are maintained, and other grain shapes and grain kernels are never separated from each generation, which indicates that the English seed 1 wheat is a new wheat variety with stable heredity.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.

Taking the climate environment in the northwest luzhou as an example, the embodiment provides a crossbreeding and breeding method of the number 1 english wheat, which comprises the following specific steps:

(1) taking mimai No. 6 wheat as a female parent and mimai No. 7 wheat as a male parent for hybridization; the mother selects robust main scions, leaving 9 scions on the top of the main scions, and leaving 2 flowers with developed bases on each scion.

(2) Castration is carried out on the female parent, and the castration method specifically comprises the following steps: clamping the whole wheat ear by using the thumb and middle finger of the left hand, slightly pressing the inner glume and the outer glume of the flower one by using the index finger, and inserting the three anthers into the small flower by using the forceps of the right hand, wherein the anthers are preferably removed at one time without hurting stigma, inner glume and outer glume and simultaneously without breaking the anthers; once the anther is pinched, the small flower is removed, and the tip of the forceps is scrubbed by an alcohol cotton ball to kill the pollen attached to the small flower; emasculation should be performed from top to bottom in sequence without omission.

(3) And (3) immediately covering a paper bag after the female parent is castrated, noting the name of the female parent and the castration date, and after 1-3 days of castration, maturing stigma, and then pollinating: selecting flowers which have opened in the middle-upper part of the ear of the mimai No. 7 wheat, pressing the flowering inner and outer glumes with forceps, and clamping fresh yellow mature anthers for later use; at the time of pollination, the paper bag on the mimai No. 6 wheat ear was removed and the mature anthers were picked up and put in each flower of mimai No. 6 wheat in turn, and the anthers were gently rubbed on the stigma to ensure good stigma pollination. After pollination, sheathing a paper bag immediately, noting the names of the male parent and the female parent and the pollination date, and stripping young embryos for in vitro culture after pollination is carried out for 25-28 days to obtain F1 generation wheat seeds;

(4) performing vernalization and generative propagation on the wheat seeds of the F1 generation, wherein the vernalization and generative propagation of the F1 generation comprises the following specific operations:

① transplanting, namely, mastering the suitable time for transplanting wheat seedlings, sowing 270 wheat seeds in 10 days after 6 months, digging out the wheat seedlings in 25 days after 6 months, transplanting the wheat seedlings to fertile and high land to prevent waterlogging caused by excessive rainwater in summer, carrying out waterlogging to kill the seedlings, planting 8 square meters at a row spacing of 20 centimeters and a plant spacing of 15 centimeters during transplanting, and preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests in time after transplanting;

② seedling recovering stage, wherein the seedling recovering stage is provided after seedling planting due to wound root, and the seedling recovering stage is carried out after the seedling planting for 7 days from 25 days at 6 months to 2 days at 7 months;

③ rising stage, wherein the investigation result shows that the tillering of each plant is increased by 3.1 on average in 20 days in 7 months;

④ rising and jointing stage, wherein the wheat is watered according to the water content of the soil, measures such as fertilization and pest control are carried out, and a foundation is laid for the sound growth of the wheat, the increase of the number of single ears and the grain weight of the wheat in 22 days after 7 months;

⑤ heading-filling stage, starting heading at 8-18 th day, starting heading from 8-18 th day to 9-15 th day for 27 days, harvesting at the end of milk maturity, wherein the average single-plant heading rate is 2.8 (756 ears are harvested together), the average single-ear number is 87.2 seeds (65923 seeds are harvested together), and the thousand-grain weight is 37 g (4.87 jin are harvested together), thus obtaining F2 generation wheat seeds;

repeating the vernalization treatment and the generation-adding propagation on the F2 generation wheat seeds to obtain F3 generation wheat seeds; and repeating the vernalization treatment and the generation-adding propagation on the wheat seeds of the F3 generation to obtain the wheat seeds of the F4 generation.

(5) Vernalization treatment is carried out on the F4 generation wheat seeds:

① transplanting, namely sowing F4 wheat seeds in the field in the last ten days of the month 9, digging the wheat seedlings in the last ten days of the month 10 and transplanting the wheat seedlings into a greenhouse;

② seedling reviving stage, wherein when the wheat seedling is excavated from the ground, the root is injured, a recovery stage is provided after transplanting, namely the seedling reviving stage, at the moment, if the temperature in the greenhouse is too high, the transpiration of the leaves is intensified, the leaves at the base part wither, the growth and tillering are influenced, the temperature is too low, and the seedling reviving stage is prolonged, therefore, in the stage, the temperature in the greenhouse is not more than 12 ℃ in the daytime at most, is not less than 10 ℃ at night, the humidity is controlled at 70-85%, and the seedling reviving stage is passed in 7 days generally.

(6) Carrying out directional cultivation on wheat seedlings of the F4 generation:

① rising stage, in which after seedling delay, the temperature in the greenhouse is controlled to be not more than 16 ℃ in the daytime, not less than 10 ℃ at night, the average temperature is 13 ℃ and the humidity is 75 +/-2% in 9 days, and in the first ten days of jointing stage, the temperature in the greenhouse is controlled to be not more than 16 ℃ in the daytime, not less than 9 ℃ at night and the average daily temperature is 12.5 ℃;

② jointing stage, after rising, the temperature in the greenhouse is controlled to be no more than 15 ℃ at most, the daily average temperature is 20 +/-2 ℃, the sunshine in the greenhouse is low, the temperature is high, the humidity is high, the permeability is poor, and the harm of powdery mildew, aphid and the like is easy to happen in the process of rising and jointing the wheat, so the pest control is needed in the jointing stage, the specific operation method is that the triadimefon with the concentration of 40 percent is sprayed once, the using amount is 50 ml per mu, so the powdery mildew is prevented from happening;

③ heading-filling stage, namely, after the topping is finished, raising the temperature in the greenhouse to 25-33 ℃ to promote the early ripening of wheat seedlings and the heading of wheat, raising the temperature in the greenhouse to 33-38 ℃ to promote the early ripening of the wheat seedlings, spraying 200ppm sodium bisulfite aqueous solution, spraying 2-3 times from heading to filling, wherein the interval between each time is 7-8 days, the thousand kernel weight can be increased by 2.2 g, the yield can be increased by 10.6%, the filling speed can be promoted, the seeds are full, the seeds are ripened in advance for 3-5 days, and the English 1 wheat is obtained after being harvested in the late stage of maturity.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A crossbreeding and breeding method of English 1 wheat is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (1), the female parent selects robust primary panicles, and leaves 9 panicles on top of the primary panicles, each panicle having 2 flowers with basal development.

3. The method for crossbreeding and propagating English seed No. 1 wheat according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the emasculation operation is specifically: clamping the whole ear of wheat with the thumb and middle finger of the left hand, slightly pressing the inner glumes and the outer glumes of the flower one by one with the index finger, and inserting the three anthers into the small flower with the forceps of the right hand to clamp the anthers without hurting the stigma, the inner glume and the outer glume and simultaneously without breaking the anthers; once the anther is pinched, the small flower should be removed, and the tip of the forceps should be scrubbed with an alcohol cotton ball; emasculation should be performed sequentially from top to bottom, one flower after the other.

4. The method for crossbreeding and propagating English seed No. 1 wheat, according to claim 1, wherein in step (2), the pollination operation is: selecting flowers which have opened in the middle-upper part of the ear of the mimai No. 7 wheat, pressing the flowering inner and outer glumes with forceps, and clamping fresh yellow mature anthers for later use; at the time of pollination, the paper bag on the mimai No. 6 wheat ear was removed and the mature anthers were picked up and put in each flower of mimai No. 6 wheat in turn, and the anthers were gently rubbed on the stigma to ensure good stigma pollination.

5. The method for crossbreeding and propagating English 1 wheat according to claim 1, wherein in step (2), the stigmas are mature 1-3 days after castration; the stripping of the young embryo is carried out after pollination for 25-28 days.

6. The crossbreeding and propagation method of the English seed No. 1 wheat according to the claim 1, characterized in that in the step (3), the vernalization treatment and generative propagation of the F1 generation, the F2 generation and the F3 generation specifically comprise the steps of ① seedling transplantation, wherein the suitable time for transplanting the wheat seedlings is mastered, 270 wheat seeds are sowed in 6 months and 10 days, the wheat seedlings are dug out in 6 months and 25 days and transplanted on fertile and high land, the row spacing is 20 cm, the plant spacing is 15 cm, 8 square meters are planted, the diseases and insect pests are controlled in time after transplantation, ② seedling recovery stages, namely, the wheat seedlings are passed through the seedling recovery stage in 7 days from 6 months and 25 days to 7 months and 2 days, the ③ seedling stage, namely, 3.1 tillering is increased on average in 7 months and 20 days, the ④ seedling recovery stage, the water content of the wheat is increased in 7 months and 22 days, the seedling recovery stage, watering is carried out according to soil, and the measures such as fertilization, plant diseases and insect pests are taken, the earhead filling is started in 18 months and 18 days, and 27 days to 15 days, and the final stage is carried out.

7. The crossbreeding and propagation method of English 1 wheat according to claim 1, wherein the specific operations of vernalization of F4 generation in step (3) include transplanting in ①, sowing F4 generation wheat seeds in field in late 9 th month, digging out wheat seedlings in late 10 th month and transplanting in greenhouse, and recovering after transplanting in stage of seedling recovery in ②, i.e. seedling recovery stage, in which the temperature in greenhouse is no more than 12 ℃ at maximum in daytime, no less than 10 ℃ at night, the humidity is controlled at 70% -85% in night, and the seedling recovery stage is passed in 7 days.

8. The method for cross breeding and propagation of English seed No. 1 wheat according to claim 1, wherein in step (3), the specific operations of the directional breeding are ① in the stage of getting up, i.e., after seedling slow-growing, the temperature in the greenhouse is controlled to be not more than 16 ℃ at maximum in the daytime, not less than 10 ℃ at night, the average temperature is 13 ℃ and the humidity is 75 +/-2% in 9 days, in the first ten days of the stage of pulling up, the temperature in the greenhouse is controlled to be not more than 16 ℃ at maximum in the daytime, not less than 9 ℃ at night, the average temperature in the day is 12.5 ℃, in the stage of ② pulling up, i.e., after getting up, the temperature in the greenhouse is controlled to be not more than 15 ℃ at maximum and the average temperature in the day is 20 +/-2 ℃, in the stage of ③ heading-grouting, i.e., in the stage, the stage of raising the temperature in the greenhouse to 25-33 ℃ to promote early maturity of the wheat and harvesting in the late stage of maturing.

9. The crossbreeding and propagation method of English seed No. 1 wheat according to claim 8, characterized in that pest control is performed at the jointing stage, and the specific operation method is as follows: spraying the triadimefon with the concentration of 40% once, wherein the dosage is 50 milliliters per mu, so as to prevent powdery mildew; spraying omethoate or imidacloprid with the weight of 2500-;

and in the heading-grouting period, spraying 200ppm sodium bisulfite aqueous solution, and spraying 2-3 times from heading to grouting, wherein the interval is 7-8 days.

10. Use of the lnconet No. 1 wheat of any one of claims 1-9 in breeding.