CN109089872A - A kind of hybrid rice seed breeding process of same period live streaming parent - Google Patents
A kind of hybrid rice seed breeding process of same period live streaming parent Download PDFInfo
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- CN109089872A CN109089872A CN201810878109.3A CN201810878109A CN109089872A CN 109089872 A CN109089872 A CN 109089872A CN 201810878109 A CN201810878109 A CN 201810878109A CN 109089872 A CN109089872 A CN 109089872A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the hybrid rice seed breeding process of live streaming of same period parent a kind of, comprising the following steps: S1: hybrid rice male parent similar in duration from seeding to heading and female parent are sowed simultaneously；S2: when male parent grows to 4-8 leaf, the seedling development of part male parent is made to postpone one week or so；S3: artificial supplementary pollination is carried out when Parent heading is bloomed；S4: collecting maternal solid obtained seed is hybrid rice seeds.The development that producing method for seed of the invention passes through the decay part male parent in planting process, the whole florescent of male parent is extended in effect, so that not needing that the florescence of the Parent in breeding of hybrid rice combination is required to be completely coincident harshly, i.e., the maternal florescence that the certifiable florescence does not concentrate relatively fell completely in the range of the florescence of florescence Relatively centralized male parent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to breeding of hybridized rice and production of hybrid seeds field, more specifically it relates to the hybridization of live streaming of same period parent a kind of
Rice producing method for seed.
Background technique
Rice is the staple food crop of China, at present about 4.3~4.4 hundred million mu of rice annual planting area, wherein hybridizing water
Rice annual planting area is about 2.2 hundred million mu, accounts for 50% or more of total rice area, is significantly increased production and grain security for rice in China
It makes a great contribution.
The principle of hybrid rice is: selecting two genetically has different, while their merit again can be mutually
The rice varieties of benefit, are hybridized, and obtained first generation cenospecies has hybrid vigour.First generation cenospecies is used for agricultural kind
Plant can all obtain good yield in terms of resistance and yield.The seed that hybrid rice is selfed cannot maintain its hybrid excellent
Gesture, therefore the hybrid rice seeds for agricultural production that common peasant household obtains must all be obtained by the hybridization of two parents
, which is known as the production of hybrid seeds.
The production of hybrid seeds of hybrid rice is one of the link of agricultural production most critical.Male parent and maternal flower synchronization are to guarantee the production of hybrid seeds
The premise of good quality and high output, however, this is also the important limiting factor of the production of hybrid seeds.Since male parent and female parent belong to different strains,
Florescence is not often identical, it is however generally that, the florescence of male parent is short and concentrates, and the maternal florescence is often long and disperses, and Parent
Ear flowering time often poor 7-40d.Therefore, it in order to make flower synchronization, generally requires in planting process according to Parent group
The florescence feature of conjunction is adjusted, including determines sowing gap stage, prediction florescence, adjusts vegetative growth phase or reproduction by water and fertilizer management
Growth period etc..
However, these methods on the one hand greatly increase the workload of seeding farmer, on the other hand also it is under one's control be because
Element (such as broadcasting difference design is made mistakes, prediction of flowering period is inaccurate, Parent rice shoot is excessive or very few, field management is improper etc.) and impersonal force
The influence (such as weather, pest and disease damage, soil moisture content etc.) of controllable factor.
In addition to this, even if filtering out the combination of Parent similar in duration from seeding to heading, it is also possible to because of the florescent of male parent
The column cap of some female parents is caused to be unable to get effective pollination than maternal short.
Therefore, it is necessary to a kind of new producing method for seed.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above problem, the present invention provides the hybrid rice seed breeding process of live streaming of same period parent a kind of, including with
Lower step:
S1: hybrid rice male parent similar in duration from seeding to heading and female parent are sowed simultaneously；
S2: when male parent grows to 4-11 leaf, the seedling development of part male parent is made to postpone 1-2 weeks；
S3: artificial supplementary pollination is carried out when Parent heading is bloomed；
S4: collecting maternal solid obtained seed is hybrid rice seeds.
In a preferred embodiment, in S1, when sowing, male parent and the maternal branch that interlocks are sowed, the line number of Parent
Than for 1:4-10.
In a preferred embodiment, maternal line-spacing be 18-20cm, the maternal seedling root and stem of certain plants away from be 13-18cm, male parent with female parent
Between line-spacing be 25-30cm.
In a preferred embodiment, S2 the following steps are included:
S21: when male parent grows to 4-8 leaf, pulling up the rice root and stem of certain plants of part male parent in the case where soil is in wet or shallow water state,
It is outer to expose soil to root；
The rice root and stem of certain plants pulled up in S22:S21 turns back to original position after placing 0-4 days.
In a preferred embodiment, the seedling development of part male parent is made to postpone 1-2 weeks by when male parent is grown in S2
When 5-11 leaf, the 1/4-1/2 of the rice shoot plant height of the part male parent is clipped to realize.
In a preferred embodiment, in S2, the 2-5 rice root and stem of certain plants is handled every the 2-5 rice root and stem of certain plants.
In a preferred embodiment, the male parent of the hybrid rice and maternal duration from seeding to heading difference are no more than 5 days.
In a specific embodiment, the male parent of the hybrid rice and maternal combination obtain by the following method:
1) the sterile line male parent and sterile line that are used to cultivate sterile line is maternal, hybridized to obtain F1 generation；
2) it is selfed to obtain the F2 generation of trait segregation with F1 generation；
3) from the good strain of selection traits in one or many self progenies in F2 generation or F2 generation, in the production of hybrid seeds according to it
Duration from seeding to heading, be divided into multiple sterile line parental autocopulations group；
4) one or more corresponding restorer strains are selected according to the duration from seeding to heading of each sterile line parental autocopulation group,
As restorer undetermined；
5) strain of sterile line parental autocopulation group carries out one or many selfings, and according to corresponding recovery undetermined
The character determination of system, and separation strains are rejected, obtain the stable sterile line of character；
6) by strain and corresponding restorer test cross undetermined, the high infertility of coordinate force in the stable sterile line of the character
System and restorer combination are female parent and the male parent combination for breeding of hybrid rice.
The filial generation being selfed after being hybridized using two plants of photo-thermo-sensitive genic male sterile lines three fingers in duration from seeding to heading, florescent and flower
Trait segregation can be occurred by putting on, model when F2 generation and its duration from seeding to heading of one or many self progenies, florescent and flower
Enclose the character range for having exceeded two parents.
In a preferred embodiment, the sterile line male parent and sterile line female parent are respectively to have different prepotencies
Photoperiod-temperature sensitive genie male-sterile line strain.
In a specific embodiment, the prepotency of the sterile line male parent includes having brown planthopper resistant gene, institute
The prepotency for stating sterile line female parent includes with blast resistant gene.
In a specific embodiment, the sterile line male parent is 043S, and the sterile line female parent is 8109S.
In a preferred embodiment, select the strain in F2 generation as the sterile line parental autocopulation group in step 3
The standard of body member includes: that the bilateral exposing ratio of column cap is high, it is big to open clever angle, it is good to close grain husk, and has polymerize the sterile line male parent
With the prepotency of sterile line female parent.
In a preferred embodiment, in step 5, to the self progeny of sterile line parental autocopulation group strain into
The standard of row selection includes: that duration from seeding to heading is in the production of hybrid seeds identical as corresponding restorer undetermined or early no more than 4 days, Hua Shi
The production of hybrid seeds it is 10-40 minute more early than corresponding restorer undetermined, florescent is 7-10 days.
It in a preferred embodiment, further include continuing to purify by the stable sterile line of the character after step 6
To the step of being sheerly sterile line.
Producing method for seed of the invention forms " false second phase " male parent by the development of the decay part male parent in planting process,
The whole florescent of male parent is extended in effect, so that not needing to require the parent in breeding of hybrid rice combination harshly
This florescence is completely coincident, i.e., the maternal florescence that the certifiable florescence does not concentrate relatively falls completely within the flower of florescence Relatively centralized male parent
In the range of phase.
This method passes through using the F2 having been surprisingly found that for duration from seeding to heading segregation phenomenon, can obtain in a collection of breeding process more
A duration from seeding to heading is identical or different, can be used for substantially increasing with the sterile line that existing some restorers combine in the market
The success rate of success rate of breeding and Parent combination.Obtained hybrid rice Parent combination can carry out same during the production of hybrid seeds
Phase sowing, flower synchronization is good, and the more existing hybrid rice Parent combination production of hybrid seeds of seed production is substantially improved, and both saves
It is artificial, and improve yield.
Unless otherwise defined, otherwise all technologies used herein and scientific term all have with it is of the art
Those of ordinary skill usually understands identical meaning.
" duration from seeding to heading " means the number of days that since rice ear being seeded into.
" florescent " refers to that, from flower first time open, female, stamen is exposed from perianth, all withered to flower,
All stamens or the deactivated number of days of gynoecium.
" when flower " refers to duration of flowering, the time of daily flowering.
" restorer " means filial generation can be made to restore male-fertile feature after a certain strain hybridizes with sterile line.
" selfing " mean the female and male gametophyte from same individual combination or between identical genotype individuals mating or
Mating between individual from same clone.
" test cross ", on rice, test cross refers to sterile line as female parent, hybridizes from different restorers, measures the cooperation of parent
Power, the cross combination for selecting F1 generation advantage strong.
" production of hybrid seeds " refer to that the parent of plantation hybrid rice makes it be hybridized to obtain hybrid rice seeds location, or
With place similar in the place weather hydrology.
Specific embodiment
The principles and features of the present invention are described below, and the given examples are served only to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit
Determine the scope of the present invention.
1. the male parent of sterile line and maternal selection
Selection light (temperature) quick line with genic sterile 043S does male parent, and 8109S does female parent.043S flowering habit is good, short bar, broadcasts the beginning and goes through
Phase 95 days, florescent 10 days, 9:50a.m.-11:40a.m when spending carried brown planthopper resistant gene Bph14 and Bph15.8109S
Duration from seeding to heading 92 days, florescent 12 days, 10:00a.m.-12:00 when spending carried blast resistant gene Pi1, Pi2.
2. the breeding process of sterile line
Hybridized to obtain F1 generation with 043S with 8109S, plant F1 in Hainan, self-fertility obtains F2, collects whole F2 generation kinds
Son.
On May 10th, 2010 Hubei Wuhan plantation F2 generation 10000 plants, statistics duration from seeding to heading it was unexpectedly found that, F2
Compared with F1 generation and 043S and 8109S huge difference is presented, duration from seeding to heading was from -100 days 70 days in the duration from seeding to heading of each strain
Strain is distributed.Hua Shizao is therefrom selected, concentration of blooming, the bilateral exposing ratio of column cap is high, good 1366 plants of sterile single plant of grain husk are closed,
It is grouped by duration from seeding to heading.October, band rice stub obtained F3 to Hainan bagging selfing breeding.According to the 1366 of selection plants of F2 strains
Duration from seeding to heading data select some restorer strains as restorer undetermined.
On May 12nd, 2011 is sowed in Hubei Wuhan, plants F3 by strain, and each F3 strain plants 100 plants, tillering stage
Blade Markers for Detection Bph14, Bph15, Pi1, Pi2 are taken, late July starts to ear, microscopy pollen fertility.Same period plantation
Restorer undetermined, when counting the duration from seeding to heading, florescent and flower of each restorer.Screening polymerization Bph14, Bph15, Pi1,
Pi2 gene, pollen sterility degree 100%, economical character it is good compared with neat and flowering habit (duration from seeding to heading with it is corresponding undetermined extensive
Be again it is identical or it is early be no more than 2 days, florescent 7-10 days, when flower, was 10-40 minutes more early than corresponding restorer undetermined, when
It bloom the same day close grain husk) totally 1216 plants of single plant, October band rice stub to Hainan breeding, obtain F4.
On May 10th, 2012, the sowing of Hubei Wuhan plant F4 by strain, and each strain plants 80 plants.By the method for F3
Wheel screening purifying is carried out again, and screening polymerize Bph14, Bph15, Pi1, Pi2 gene, pollen sterility degree 100%, agronomy
Shape is good compared with neat and flowering habit, and (duration from seeding to heading is identical as corresponding restorer undetermined or early no more than 2 days, florescent
7-10 days, when flower, was 10-40 minute more early than corresponding restorer undetermined, the same day bloom on the day of close grain husk) strain, removal separation strains.
October obtains F5 to Hainan breeding by strain band rice stub, and heredity is gradually stable at this time, can be used for carrying out test cross.
In March, 2013, Hainan Lingshui are largely measured with hot water emasculation method with corresponding restorer undetermined, and summer is in lake
Observe hybrid vigour in northern Wuhan.
Screening purifying is continued in positive season in 2013, Hubei Wuhan, screens critical temperature of sterility, selection infertility with low temperature cold-penetration pond
It is numerous for further purifying expansion to retain rice stub in 23.5 degrees Celsius of single plants below for origin temp.The same year and restorer system
Kind, observe heterosis, hybrid vigor.
Critical temperature of sterility is screened with cold-penetration pond in positive season in 2014, Hubei Wuhan, retains critical temperature of sterility and takes the photograph 23.5
Family name's degree single plant below is as original seed.
By above method, obtain that multiple duration from seeding to heading are close and the higher sterile line of coordinate force/restorer combination.
3. breeding of hybrid rice example
Easy S/ China is chosen from multiple combinations that above method screens accounts for combination progress production of hybrid seeds test.Easy S be by with
The sterile line that upper method is cultivated, the strain be photo-thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line, duration from seeding to heading Hubei be 79 days, florescent 8 days,
9:00a.m.-11:30a.m, plant height 78cm or so when flower, loose moderate, leaf color is light green, sword-like leave, upright, and tillering ability is strong, Bao Jing
Degree is small, and fringe layer is neat, and flowering habit is good, Hua Shizao, concentration of blooming, and column cap is big, colourless and double exposing ratios are high, opens clever angle
Greatly, it is good to close grain husk, outcrossing seed-setting rate is high, polymerize brown planthopper resistant gene Bph14, Bph15 and blast resistant gene Pi1, Pi2.China accounts for
It is common restorer, duration from seeding to heading 81 days, florescent 8 days, 9:30a.m.-11:30a.m when flower.The duration from seeding to heading of easy S
Accounted for than China 2 days short, florescent is identical, it is contemplated that being capable of preferably flower synchronization.
1) it is accounted for easy S and China in the Luotian County of Hubei production of hybrid seeds within 2016,0.5 mu of area, two phase male parents, a phase male parent compares maternal early
It sows within 7 days, sows within the second stage of male parent 10 days slower than a phase male parent, rice transplantation by hand, sowing on maternal May 22, maternal August 12nd neat
Fringe, maternal florescence and the second stage of male parent are met preferably, and 406 jin of hybrid seed per mu yield.
2) the Hubei province production of hybrid seeds in 2017, father, maternal in same period May 20 live streaming (male parent drilling), male parent only broadcasts a phase,
When male parent rice shoot grows to 4 leaf, the 2-5 rice root and stem of certain plants is pulled up every the 2-5 rice root and stem of certain plants, is then turned back to again.Then it is further continued for carrying out conventional field
Management.The male parent florescence completely covers female parent as the result is shown, and flower synchronization is preferable, maternal July 30 neat fringe, hybrid seed per mu yield
432 jin.
We also carried out cutting the short seedlings of cereal crops by the 1/4-1/2 of plant height during 5-11 leaf in small-scale production of hybrid seeds test
The experiment of (about 20cm), effect is also relatively good, and the male parent florescence completely covers female parent, it is seen that can be used in practice.
4. hybrid rice plants example
The Ezhou of Hubei in 2017, easy S account for the easy two excellent China hybridized with China and account in sowing on May 9, began July 25
Fringe, 109 centimetres of plant height, the effective fringe 17.55 ten thousand of mu, 25.4 centimetres of spike length, number of grain per ear 206, setting percentage 81.68%, thousand
Weigh 23.27 grams, 687 kilograms of yield.Concurrent control kind is rich two excellent No. 4, and August beginning fringe on the 2nd, 143.2 centimetres of plant height, mu is effective
Fringe 13.95 ten thousand, 27.7 centimetres of spike length, number of grain per ear 190, setting percentage 81.36%, 29.37 grams of mass of 1000 kernel, yield 631.2 is public
Jin.
Easy two excellent Hua Zhanyi passes through ripe late group of regional testing of Xian in the 2017 Nian Guo Dao Keqi association middle and lower reach of Yangtze River.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of hybrid rice seed breeding process of same period live streaming parent, which comprises the following steps:
S1: hybrid rice male parent similar in duration from seeding to heading and female parent are sowed simultaneously；
S2: when male parent grows to 4-11 leaf, the seedling development of part male parent is made to postpone 1-2 weeks；
S3: artificial supplementary pollination is carried out when Parent heading is bloomed；
S4: collecting maternal solid obtained seed is hybrid rice seeds.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein in S1, when sowing, male parent and the maternal branch that interlocks are sowed,
The line number ratio of Parent is 1:4-10.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, maternal line-spacing is 18-20cm, the maternal root and stem of certain plants away from for 13-18cm,
Line-spacing between male parent and female parent is 25-30cm.
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein S2 the following steps are included:
S21: when male parent grows to 4-8 leaf, the rice root and stem of certain plants of part male parent is pulled up in the case where soil is in wet or shallow water state, until root
It is outer to expose soil；
The rice root and stem of certain plants pulled up in S22:S21 turns back to original position after placing 0-4 days.
5. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the seedling development of part male parent is made to postpone to lead to for 1-2 weeks in S2
When excessive male parent grows to 5-11 leaf, the 1/4-1/2 of the rice shoot plant height of the part male parent is clipped to realize.
6. method according to claim 4 or 5, which is characterized in that in S2, handle the 2-5 rice root and stem of certain plants every the 2-5 rice root and stem of certain plants.
7. method according to claim 1 to 6, which is characterized in that the male parent of the hybrid rice and female parent
Duration from seeding to heading difference is no more than 5 days.
8. method according to claim 1 to 6, which is characterized in that the male parent of the hybrid rice and maternal group
Conjunction obtains by the following method:
1) the sterile line male parent and sterile line that are used to cultivate sterile line is maternal, hybridized to obtain F1 generation；
2) it is selfed to obtain the F2 generation of trait segregation with F1 generation；
3) from the good strain of selection traits in one or many self progenies in F2 generation or F2 generation, according to its broadcasting on production of hybrid seeds ground
Beginning goes through the phase, is divided into multiple sterile line parental autocopulations group；
4) one or more corresponding restorer strains are selected according to the duration from seeding to heading of each sterile line parental autocopulation group, as
Restorer undetermined；
5) strain of sterile line parental autocopulation group carries out one or many selfings, and according to corresponding restorer undetermined
Character determination, and separation strains are rejected, obtain the stable sterile line of character；
6) by strain and the corresponding restorer test cross undetermined in the stable sterile line of the character, the high sterile line of coordinate force and
Restorer combination is female parent and the male parent combination for breeding of hybrid rice.
9. according to the method described in claim 8, the sterile line is maternal it is characterized in that, the sterile line male parent is 043S
For 8109S.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN112056208A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2020-12-11 | 上海市农业科学院 | Method for producing hybrid rice seeds and meeting florescence |
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| CN112056208A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2020-12-11 | 上海市农业科学院 | Method for producing hybrid rice seeds and meeting florescence |
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