CN105104168A - Hybrid rice breeding method using parents with close duration from seeding to heading - Google Patents
Hybrid rice breeding method using parents with close duration from seeding to heading Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105104168A CN105104168A CN201510483098.5A CN201510483098A CN105104168A CN 105104168 A CN105104168 A CN 105104168A CN 201510483098 A CN201510483098 A CN 201510483098A CN 105104168 A CN105104168 A CN 105104168A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- sowing
- seeds
- rice
- hybrid
- line
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 119
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000306 recurrent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 23
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- PLUBXMRUUVWRLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl methanesulfonate Chemical compound CCOS(C)(=O)=O PLUBXMRUUVWRLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002703 mutagenesis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 231100000350 mutagenesis Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 206010021929 Infertility male Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000007466 Male Infertility Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009340 sequential cropping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000012773 agricultural material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002631 hypothermal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hybrid rice breeding method using parents with close duration from seeding to heading and belongs to the breeding field of hybrid rice. The hybrid rice breeding method disclosed by the invention comprises: improving a rice sterile line and a restorer line by using different rice parents with close duration from seeding to heading and relatively remote genetic distance; carrying out sowing in different stages under different ecological environmental conditions to obtain a sterile line and a restorer line with close duration from seeding to heading and stable agronomic traits; then carrying out a test cross, planting a test cross F1 generation, and selecting a hybrid combination with excellent traits to obtain the hybrid rice with parents having close growing duration. The method ensures flower synchronization when the male parent and the female parent are sowed at a same stage, so that the reliability of production of hybrid seeds is improved; meanwhile, the mechanical operation in the field is further facilitated, the dependence on the labor force is reduced, the cost is lowered, and the efficiency of production of hybrid seeds is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for breeding hybrid rice, in particular to a method for breeding hybrid rice with similar parental sowing initial period, belonging to the field of breeding of hybrid rice.
Background
The rice is a main grain crop in China, the annual planting area of the current rice is about 4.3-4.4 hundred million acres, wherein the annual planting area of the hybrid rice is about 2.2 hundred million acres, which accounts for more than 50% of the total rice area, and the rice greatly contributes to the yield increase and the grain safety of the rice in China.
Currently, the propagation periods (days from sowing to heading) of the male parent (restorer line) and the female parent (sterile line) of most hybrid rice combinations popularized in China are greatly different (the male parent has a long growth period and the female parent has a short growth period under general conditions). In the process of producing hybrid seeds, in order to make the flowering phases of male parent and female parent meet to produce hybrid F1 generation (i.e. commercial hybrid), it is necessary to firstly sow the parent (male parent) with long sowing initial period, and then sow the parent (female parent) with short sowing initial period according to the difference days of the sowing initial periods of male parent and female parent, so that the male parent and female parent can be spilt, blossomed and pollinated in the same time. On the one hand, the transplanting of the parents is asynchronous, the field operation basically depends on the labor resistance, the labor capacity is large, the cost is high, and the method is difficult to adapt to the current situation that the manpower resources are reduced when the current agricultural labor is engaged in; on the other hand, the sowing initial periods of the parents and the parents fluctuate due to the annual climate difference, even if the sowing periods of the parents are adjusted according to historical experience, the phenomenon that the parents and the parents do not meet in the flowering period still occurs sometimes, and the seed production yield is difficult to guarantee.
Therefore, the mechanization of the simultaneous sowing and production of the male parent and the female parent is an effective way for ensuring the seed production yield and the seed production efficiency of the hybrid rice, reducing the production cost and improving the competitiveness of the hybrid rice production technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a hybrid rice breeding method with similar parent sowing initial period, the method comprises the steps of sowing in stages under different ecological environment conditions, selecting a male parent (a restorer line) and a female parent (a sterile line) with similar reactions to the same climate at the sowing initial period, and cultivating a new combination of dominant hybrid rice through a test mating group, so as to ensure that the flower periods of the male parent and the female parent meet when the male parent and the female parent are sowed in the same period, improve the reliability of seed production and improve the efficiency of seed production; meanwhile, the method is also beneficial to adapting to field operation mechanization, reduces the dependence on labor force and saves the cost.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention discloses a hybrid rice breeding method with similar parental sowing beginning period, which comprises the following steps: (1) breeding restoring line and sterile line with similar sowing initial period, and test crossing the sterile line with restoring line to obtain test cross F1Generation; (2) selection of test cross F with excellent properties1And (5) substituting to obtain the final product.
Wherein the test cross F is planted under the conditions of high temperature and long day1Generation; preferably, the high-temperature long-day condition is 5-10 months of fertilizer combination. Selecting test cross F with excellent agronomic characters1And the generation is the hybrid rice with similar parent growth period.
The breeding of the restorer line and the sterile line with similar broadcasting beginning periods in the step (1) comprises the following steps:
(1) hybridizing the sterile line' as female parent with rice parent to obtain hybrid F1Generation;
(2) taking the sterile line' in the step (1) as a recurrent parent and a hybrid F1Backcrossing the generations to obtain backcross progeny; selfing the backcross progeny to obtain BCnF2A population;
(3) hybridizing the restoring line 'as female parent with the rice parent' to obtain hybrid F1' generation;
(4) taking the recovery line' in the step (3) as a wheelRecurrent parent and hybrid F1Backcrossing the generations to obtain backcross progeny; selfing the backcross progeny to obtain BCnF2' a population;
(5) sowing BC respectivelynF2Population and BCnF2The population is continuously selfed for multiple generations until the agronomic characters are stable, and a restorer line and a sterile line with similar sowing initial periods are bred, so as to obtain the sterile hybrid line;
or,
(a) hybridizing the sterile line' as female parent with rice parent to obtain hybrid F1Generation;
(b) mixing hybrid F1Generation selfing to produce F2A population;
(c) hybridizing the restoring line 'as female parent with the rice parent' to obtain hybrid F1' generation;
(d) mixing hybrid F1' Generation of F by selfing2' a population;
(e) separate sowing F2Population and F2' the group is continuously selfed for multiple generations until the agronomic characters are stable, and a restoring line and a sterile line with similar sowing initial periods are bred, thus obtaining the sterile plant.
Wherein the rice parent in the step (1) and the rice parent' in the step (3) have similar broadcasting beginning periods and longer genetic distance; the rice male parent in the step (a) and the rice male parent in the step (c) have similar sowing beginning periods and longer genetic distance. The backcross in the step (2) or the step (4) is backcross for 1-3 generations; the selfing is 1 time of selfing. The similar broadcasting beginning and history periods of the invention are that the difference of the broadcasting beginning and history periods is less than or equal to 2 days.
Further, the respective seeding BC of the step (5)nF2Population and BCnF2' the group, and continuous multi-generation selfing to stable agronomic character, breeding the restoring line and sterile line with similar sowing initial period, includes the following steps:
(I) sowing and transplanting BC at the same time under high temperature and long day conditionsnF2Population and BCnF2Selecting single plants with similar heading stage and excellent properties in two populations (more than 2000 plants each), and harvesting candidate single plant seeds;
(II) sowing and transplanting the seeds respectively harvested by the two groups in the step (I) at the same time in the same year under the conditions of low temperature and short day, planting the seeds into plant rows, selecting single plants with similar heading stage and excellent properties, and harvesting the seeds;
(III) sowing and transplanting the seeds respectively harvested in the step (II) at the same time in the next year under the conditions of high temperature and long day, planting the seeds into plant rows, selecting single plants with similar heading stage and excellent properties, and harvesting candidate single plant seeds;
(IV) repeating the step (II) and the step (III) until the selected individual plant has stable characters, and respectively harvesting seeds;
(V) sowing and transplanting the seeds harvested in the step (IV) in stages under the conditions of high temperature and long day and low temperature and short day respectively, and selecting the strains with similar initial heading stage in each same sowing period as the selected sterile line and the selected restorer line respectively;
and (VI) performing fertility identification on the sterile line selected in the step (V) to obtain the sterile line.
Wherein, the harvesting of the candidate individual seeds in step (I) comprises: selecting BCnF2Cutting the pollen sterile or pollen-free single plants in the population, transplanting to regenerate the plants, and harvesting seeds on the regenerated plants by the single plants; to BCnF2Directly harvesting single plants seeds of the selected single plants in the population; (iii) harvesting candidate individual seeds according to step (iii), comprising: to BCnF2Selecting single plants from the group progeny, selecting pollen sterile or pollen-free single plants, cutting stubbles, transplanting to generate ratoon rice, and harvesting seeds on the corresponding single plants; to BCnF2' individual plants of the offspring of the group, directly harvesting individual seeds; preferably, the stubble is cut to be 15-20cm in height. And (4) directly harvesting the seeds in the step (II) and the step (IV).
The separate sowing of step (e) F2Population and F2' the group, and continuous multi-generation selfing to stable agronomic character, breeding the restoring line and sterile line with similar sowing initial period, includes the following steps:
(I) sowing and transplanting F simultaneously at high temperature for a long day2Population and F2Selecting single plants with similar heading stage and excellent properties in two populations (more than 2000 plants each), and harvesting candidate single plant seeds;
(II) simultaneously sowing and transplanting two groups of seeds respectively harvested in the step (I) at low temperature and short day in the same year, planting into a plant row, selecting single plants with similar heading stage and excellent properties, and harvesting the seeds;
(III) sowing and transplanting the seeds respectively harvested in the step (II) at the same time in the next year under the conditions of high temperature and long day, planting the seeds into plant rows, selecting single plants with similar heading stage and excellent properties, and harvesting candidate single plant seeds;
(IV) repeating the step (II) and the step (III) until the selected individual plant has stable characters, and respectively harvesting seeds;
(V) sowing and transplanting the seeds harvested in the step (IV) in stages under the conditions of high temperature and long day and low temperature and short day respectively, and selecting the strains with similar initial heading stage in each same sowing period as the selected sterile line and the selected restorer line respectively;
and (VI) performing fertility identification on the sterile line selected in the step (V) to obtain the sterile line.
Wherein, the harvesting of the candidate individual seeds in step (I) comprises: selection of F2Cutting the pollen sterile or pollen-free single plants in the population, transplanting to regenerate the plants, and harvesting seeds on the regenerated plants by the single plants; to F2Directly harvesting single plants seeds of the selected single plants in the population; (iii) harvesting candidate individual seeds according to step (iii), comprising: to F2Selecting individual plant from the group progeny, selecting pollen sterile or pollen-free individual plant, cutting stubble, transplanting to produce regenerationRice, and harvesting seeds on the corresponding individual plants; to F2' individual plants of the offspring of the group, directly harvesting individual seeds; preferably, the stubble is cut to be 15-20cm in height. And (4) directly harvesting the seeds in the step (II) and the step (IV).
The similar heading periods of the invention are that the difference of the sowing initial periods is less than or equal to 2 days; the high-temperature and long-day conditions are 4-10 months of the fertilizer combination, preferably 5-10 months of the fertilizer combination; the low-temperature and short-day conditions are 11-12 months of Hainan; the stage sowing in the step (V) is sowing in 6 stages, and sowing is carried out for 1 stage every 10 days; specifically, the stage sowing can be carried out at high temperature and long day conditions, wherein the sowing period is 4/20, 4/30, 5/10, 5/20, 5/30 and 6/9; under the conditions of low temperature and short day, the sowing time is 11/10, 11/20, 11/30, 12/10, 12/20 and 12/30; the transplanting is carried out 30 days after sowing; and (VI) performing fertility identification according to fertility identification regulation NY/T1215-2006NY/T1215-2006 of the rice photo-thermo-sensitive male sterile line.
The stable character of the invention is that the selected individual plant does not have character separation. The excellent characters of the invention comprise high yield, strong disease and insect resistance, good quality, early maturity or late maturity and other agronomic characters, and can be determined according to breeding targets.
The hybrid rice breeding method of the invention comprises the following steps: the dual-purpose genic male sterile line N876S (Guangzhan 63 improved line, sowing beginning 75-80 days); the rice parents comprise: huanghuazhan (Huangxinzhan/Fenghua occupies the F5 generation, bred by the Rice research institute of Guangdong province agricultural academy), 14C195 (high generation material bred by Yanggao No. 6/RH 003, bred by the Rice research institute of Anhui province agricultural academy); the recovery system comprises: 13np34 (stable line obtained by mutagenesis of Yangyo No. 6, broadcast duration about 100 days).
The invention has no special limit to the sterile line, the restoring line and the rice parent, and the excellent sterile line and the restoring line which are commonly used in the production and meet the requirements of similar sowing initial periods (the difference of the sowing initial periods is less than or equal to 2 days) and all rice germplasms with longer genetic distance are suitable for the invention.
Compared with the traditional rice breeding method, the result shows that the traditional hybrid rice breeding requires manual seeding and manual transplanting of the male parent and the female parent in stages respectively due to different initial periods of seeding of the male parent and the female parent, so that the labor amount is large, the cost is high, the field operation basically depends on manual work, and the efficiency is low; moreover, due to the climate difference between the annual periods, the risk of the asynchronism of the parents is high, and the seed production yield is difficult to guarantee. The parent growth periods of the hybrid rice combination are close (the difference between the sowing initial periods is less than or equal to 2 days), the mechanical mixed sowing is realized, the transplanting of the male parent and the female parent is not needed, the mechanization of the simultaneous sowing and production of the male parent and the female parent is realized, the labor amount is small, the cost is low, and the seed production efficiency is high; and the florescence of the male parent and the female parent meet, so that the risk of the flower period of the male parent and the female parent not meeting is reduced, and the seed production yield of the hybrid rice is ensured.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method has the advantages that by sowing in stages under different ecological environment conditions, selecting the male parent (restorer line) and the female parent (sterile line) which have similar responses to the same climate at the initial sowing period, and cultivating a new combination of dominant hybrid rice through test mating, the florescence meeting of the male parent and the female parent during sowing in the same period can be ensured, and the reliability of seed production is improved; meanwhile, the method is suitable for mechanization of field operation, reduces dependence on agricultural material and labor force, saves cost and improves seed production efficiency.
Definitions of terms to which the invention relates
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
"onset of broadcasting" means the number of days from sowing to heading of rice.
The "sterile line" includes "three-line sterile line" and "two-line sterile line". The three-line sterile line means that the male sterile single plant selected is crossed with fertile individuals and then is subjected to continuous backcross cultivation to obtain the sterile line with male sterility characteristics and uniform quality. The two-line sterile line means photo-thermo-sensitive sterile line, the fertility conversion of which has close relation with the length of sunshine and the temperature, and the photo-thermo-sensitive sterile line shows male sterility under the condition of long day and high temperature; male fertility is restored under short day hypothermic conditions.
"restorer line" means a line which, when crossed with a sterile line, restores the male fertility characteristics of the progeny.
"backcrossing" means that a hybrid produced by crossing two parents is crossed with one of the parents. Generally, a variety with excellent characteristics is selected as a female parent in the first hybridization and is used as a male parent in each backcross later, and the parent is called a recurrent parent in the backcross.
"selfing" means the combination of male and female gametes from the same individual or the mating between individuals with the same genotype or the mating between individuals from the same clonal line.
"test crossing", on rice, the test crossing refers to that the sterile line is used as female parent, and is crossed with different restoring lines, and the combining ability of parent is measured, and the hybrid combination with strong hybrid 1 generation superiority is selected.
The 'genetic distance' is an index for measuring the magnitude of the comprehensive genetic difference of a plurality of characters among varieties. More than one trait is required for breeding purposes, and in order to reflect genetic differences between parent varieties more comprehensively, multiple traits need to be comprehensively considered, so that the concept of genetic distance is extended. The geometrical distance of a multidimensional space formed by a plurality of character genotype values among varieties is calculated according to a multivariate statistical analysis method, and the geometrical distance is called as the genetic distance among the varieties.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is the breeding process of hybrid rice with similar parental sowing beginning period.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments, and the advantages and features of the invention will become apparent as the description proceeds. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are exemplary only and are not limiting upon the scope of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and that such changes and modifications may be within the scope of the invention.
EXAMPLE 1 Breeding of hybrid Rice
(1) Selecting parents with close sowing initial periods (about 90 days in the combined fertilizer sowing initial period) and longer genetic distances, namely Huanghuazhan (Huangxinzhan/Fenghua occupies F5 generation, bred and sold to Guangdong provincial academy of agricultural sciences, and 14C195 (high generation material bred by Yanggao 6/RH 003, bred and sold to the Anhui provincial academy of agricultural sciences);
(2) the self-breeding dual-purpose genic male sterile line N876S (sold by the Rice research institute of agricultural sciences of Anhui province) is used as female parent (Guangsheng 63S is used as female parent, hybridized and backcrossed with Minghui 63 for selfing (BC)1F3) Hybridizing the obtained two-line sterile line with Huanghuazhan in the initial sowing period of 75-80 days to obtain hybrid F1(S). And N876S is used as recurrent parent and hybrid F1(S) successive backcrosses for 2 generations to produce BC2F1(S) seeds;
(3) a material 13np34 (bred and sold outside) with golden shell and golden internode obtained by the rice research institute of agricultural academy of Anhui province through mutagenesis (No. 6 Yanggao is treated by 0.5% EMS (ethyl methane sulfonate) to obtain a stable strain in mutagenesis generation 2, and the sowing duration is about 100 days) is used as a female parent to hybridize with 14C195 to obtain a hybrid F1(R) and 13np34 as recurrent parent and hybrid F1(R) successive backcrosses to produce BC1F1(R) a seed;
(4) fertilizer mixing, 5-month and 5-day sowing and transplanting simultaneouslyBC2F2(S) and BC1F2(R) seeds (more than 2000 plants), selecting single plants with similar heading stages (the difference between the sowing starting periods is less than or equal to 2 days) and excellent agronomic characters in two groups on 10-15 days in 8 months, and marking. To BC2F2(S) selecting single plants in the group for microscopic examination, selecting single plants without pollen, cutting stubbles, transplanting the single plants to another field for isolated planting to regenerate the single plants, and harvesting mature seeds BC on the regenerated plants2F3(S) generation; to BC1F2(R) selecting individuals in the population, harvesting individual seeds BC directly at maturity1F3And (R) generation.
(5) And (3) sowing the single plants selected by the two groups in the step (4) at the same time in Hainan and 11 months and 20-25 days in the same year, planting the single plants into plant rows (150) -200 plants), selecting the single plants which have similar heading periods (the difference between the sowing starting periods is less than or equal to 2 days) and excellent agronomic characters, and harvesting the seeds.
(6) In the next year, fertilizer is combined, 5-10 months are sowed, plant rows (200 plants in 150) are planted, and single plants which have similar heading periods (the difference of the sowing initial periods is less than or equal to 2 days) and excellent agronomic characters are selected. To BC2F1(S) selecting single plants from the offspring, performing pollen microscopic examination after the ears start, cutting and transplanting the single plants without pollen to generate ratooning rice, and harvesting seeds on the corresponding single plants; to BC1F1(R) obtaining individual plant of progeny, and directly harvesting individual plant seeds after maturation.
(7) And (5) repeating the step (5) and the step (6) until the selected individual plant has stable agronomic characters and a sufficient number of seeds are harvested.
(8) Combining the BC harvested in step (7)2F1(S) and BC1F1(R) sowing seeds of two offspring in the fertilizer and Hainan stage. The fertilizer-mixing and seeding time is 4/20, 4/30, 5/10, 5/20, 5/30 and 6/9; the Hainan seeding time is 11/10, 11/20, 11/30, 12/10, 12/20 and 12/30. Selecting the strains with similar initial heading stages (the difference between the initial heading stages of sowing is less than or equal to 2 days) in each sowing stage.
(9) Performing fertility identification on the selected sterile line according to fertility identification regulation NY/T1215-2006NY/T1215-2006 of rice light and temperature sensitive male sterile lines, and selecting the sterile line meeting the standard;
(10) testing and crossing the sterile line selected in the step (9) as a female parent with the restorer line selected in the step (8), planting and observing the testing and crossing F in the compost (5-10 months)1Selecting F with excellent agronomic character1And generation, namely a new hybrid rice variety with similar parent growth period.
EXAMPLE 2 Breeding of hybrid Rice
(1) Selecting parents with close sowing initial periods (about 90 days in the combined fertilizer sowing initial period) and longer genetic distances, namely Huanghuazhan (Huangxinzhan/Fenghua occupies F5 generation and is bred by rice institute of Guangdong province academy of agricultural sciences), 14C195 (a high-generation material bred by Yanggao No. 6/RH 003 and a high-generation material bred by rice institute of Anhui province academy of agricultural sciences and sold to the outside);
(2) the self-breeding dual-purpose genic male sterile line N876S (Guangshan 63S as female parent, hybridized and backcrossed with Minghui 63) is used as female parent (BC)1F3) Hybridizing the obtained two-line sterile line with Huanghuazhan in the initial sowing period of 75-80 days to obtain hybrid F1(S). Mixing hybrid F1(S) direct selfing to produce F2(S) a population;
(3) a material 13np34 (No. 6 Yanggao is treated by 0.5% EMS (ethyl methane sulfonate) to obtain a stable line in 2 generations of mutagenesis and the sowing period is about 100 days) with golden shell and golden internode obtained by the research institute of agricultural academy of agriculture in Anhui province as female parent and is hybridized with 14C195 to obtain a hybrid F1(R) hybrid F1(R) direct selfing to F2(R) population;
(4) fertilizer combination, 5-month and 5-day sowing and transplanting simultaneously F2(S) and F2(R) seeds (more than 2000 plants), selecting single plants with similar heading stages (the difference between the sowing starting periods is less than or equal to 2 days) and excellent agronomic characters in two groups on 10-15 days in 8 months, and marking. To F2(S) selecting individual plants from the population for microscopic examination, selecting pollenless plantsCutting stubbles of the single plants, transplanting the single plants to another field for isolated planting to regenerate the single plants, and harvesting mature seeds on the regenerated plants by the single plants; to F2(R) selecting individual plants in the population, and directly harvesting individual seeds when the individual plants are mature.
(5) And (3) sowing the single plants selected by the two groups in the step (4) at the same time in Hainan and 11 months and 20-25 days in the same year, planting the single plants into plant rows (150) -200 plants), selecting the single plants which have similar heading periods (the difference between the sowing starting periods is less than or equal to 2 days) and excellent agronomic characters, and harvesting the seeds.
(6) In the next year, fertilizer is combined, 5-10 months are sowed, plant rows (200 plants in 150) are planted, and single plants which have similar heading periods (the difference of the sowing initial periods is less than or equal to 2 days) and excellent agronomic characters are selected. To F2(S) selecting single plants from the offspring, performing pollen microscopic examination after the ears start, cutting and transplanting the single plants without pollen to generate ratooning rice, and harvesting seeds on the corresponding single plants; to F2(R) obtaining individual plant of progeny, and directly harvesting individual plant seeds after maturation.
(7) And (5) repeating the step (5) and the step (6) until the selected individual plant has stable agronomic characters and a sufficient number of seeds are harvested.
(8) Subjecting F harvested in step (7)2(S) and F2(R) sowing seeds of two offspring in the fertilizer and Hainan stage. The fertilizer-mixing and seeding time is 4/20, 4/30, 5/10, 5/20, 5/30 and 6/9; the Hainan seeding time is 11/10, 11/20, 11/30, 12/10, 12/20 and 12/30. Selecting the strains with similar initial heading stages (the difference between the initial heading stages of sowing is less than or equal to 2 days) in each sowing stage.
(9) Performing fertility identification on the selected sterile line according to fertility identification regulation NY/T1215-2006NY/T1215-2006 of rice light and temperature sensitive male sterile lines, and selecting the sterile line meeting the standard;
(10) testing and crossing the sterile line selected in the step (9) as a female parent with the restorer line selected in the step (8), planting and observing the testing and crossing F in the compost (5-10 months)1Selecting F with excellent agronomic character1And generation, namely a new hybrid rice variety with similar parent growth period.
Breeding of hybrid Rice
The hybrid rice male parent Huanghuazhan (in the mixed fertilizer sowing initial period is about 90 days), and female parent two-line genic male sterile line N876S (Guangzhan 63 improved line, sowing initial period is 75-80 days) are alternatively planted, firstly the male parent with long sowing initial period is sowed, then the female parent with short sowing initial period is sowed according to the difference of days of the sowing initial periods of the male parent and the female parent, so that the male parent and the female parent can shoot ears, flower and pollinate in the same time, and the seeds are harvested.
Experimental example 1 seed production efficiency comparison
The seed production efficiency of the hybrid rice combination bred in the example 1 of the present invention was compared with that of the comparative example, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 seed production efficiency comparison
The results show that in the traditional hybrid rice breeding, because the initial sowing periods of the male parent and the female parent are different, the male parent and the female parent need to be manually sown and transplanted in stages respectively, the labor capacity is large, the cost is high, the field operation basically depends on manpower, and the efficiency is low; moreover, the risk of the asynchronism of the male parent and the female parent is high, and the yield of the seeds is difficult to ensure.
The parent growth periods of the hybrid rice combination are close (the difference between the sowing initial periods is less than or equal to 2 days), the mechanical mixed sowing is realized, the transplanting of the male parent and the female parent is not needed, the mechanization of the simultaneous sowing and production of the male parent and the female parent is realized, the labor amount is small, the cost is low, and the seed production efficiency is high; and the florescence of the male parent and the female parent meet, so that the risk of the flower period of the male parent and the female parent not meeting is reduced, and the seed production yield of the hybrid rice is ensured.
Claims (10)
1. A method for breeding hybrid rice with similar parental sowing beginning periods is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) breeding restoring line and sterile line with similar sowing initial period, and test crossing the sterile line with restoring line to obtain test cross F1Generation; (2) selection of test cross F with excellent properties1And (5) substituting to obtain the final product.
2. The method for breeding hybrid rice according to claim 1, wherein: the breeding of the restorer line and the sterile line with similar broadcasting beginning periods in the step (1) comprises the following steps:
(1) hybridizing the sterile line' as female parent with rice parent to obtain hybrid F1Generation;
(2) taking the sterile line' in the step (1) as a recurrent parent and a hybrid F1Backcrossing the generations to obtain backcross progeny; selfing the backcross progeny to obtain BCnF2A population;
(3) hybridizing the restoring line 'as female parent with the rice parent' to obtain hybrid F1' generation;
(4) taking the restoring line' in the step (3) as a recurrent parent and a hybrid F1Backcrossing the generations to obtain backcross progeny; selfing the backcross progeny to obtain BCnF2' a population;
(5) sowing BC respectivelynF2Population and BCnF2' group, continuous multi-generation selfing is carried out until the character is stable, and a restorer line and a sterile line with similar sowing initial periods are bred, thus obtaining the sterile hybrid line;
or,
(a) hybridizing the sterile line' as female parent with rice parent to obtain hybrid F1Generation;
(b) mixing hybrid F1Generation selfing to produce F2A population;
(c) hybridizing the restoring line 'as female parent with the rice parent' to obtain hybrid F1' generation;
(d) mixing hybrid F1' Generation of F by selfing2' a population;
(e) separate sowing F2Population and F2' the group is continuously selfed for multiple generations until the character is stable, and a restorer line and a sterile line with similar sowing initial periods are bred, thus obtaining the sterile hybrid line.
3. The method for breeding hybrid rice according to claim 2, wherein: the rice parent in the step (1) and the rice parent in the step (3) have similar broadcasting beginning periods;
the rice parent of step (a) and the rice parent of step (c) have a similar broadcasting history.
4. The method for breeding hybrid rice according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the similar broadcasting beginning periods are that the difference of the broadcasting beginning periods is less than or equal to 2 days.
5. The method for breeding hybrid rice according to claim 2, wherein: the backcross in the step (2) or the step (4) is backcross for 1-3 generations; the selfing is 1 time of selfing.
6. The method for selectively breeding hybrid rice as claimed in claim 2, wherein the BC is sown separately in the step (5)nF2Population and BCnF2' the group, continuous multi-generation selfing to stable character, breeding the restoring line and sterile line with similar sowing beginning period, includes the following steps:
(I) sowing and transplanting BC at the same time under high temperature and long day conditionsnF2Population and BCnF2Selecting single plants with similar heading stages and excellent properties in two populations, and harvesting candidate single plant seeds;
(II) sowing and transplanting the seeds respectively harvested by the two groups in the step (I) at the same time in the same year under the conditions of low temperature and short day, selecting single plants with similar heading stage and excellent properties, and harvesting the seeds;
(III) sowing and transplanting the seeds respectively harvested in the step (II) at the same time in the next year under the conditions of high temperature and long day, selecting single plants with similar heading stage and excellent properties, and harvesting candidate single plant seeds;
(IV) repeating the step (II) and the step (III) until the selected individual plant has stable characters, and respectively harvesting seeds;
(V) sowing and transplanting the seeds harvested in the step (IV) in stages under the conditions of high temperature and long day and low temperature and short day respectively, and selecting the strains with similar initial heading stage in each same sowing period as the selected sterile line and the selected restorer line respectively;
and (VI) performing fertility identification on the sterile line selected in the step (V) to obtain the sterile line.
7. The method for selectively breeding hybrid rice as claimed in claim 6, wherein said harvesting of candidate individual seeds in step (I) comprises: selecting BCnF2Cutting the pollen sterile or pollen-free single plants in the population, transplanting to regenerate the plants, and harvesting seeds on the regenerated plants by the single plants; to BCnF2Directly harvesting single plants seeds of the selected single plants in the population;
(iii) harvesting candidate individual seeds according to step (iii), comprising: to BCnF2Selecting single plants from the group progeny, selecting pollen sterile or pollen-free single plants, cutting stubbles, transplanting to generate ratoon rice, and harvesting seeds on the corresponding single plants; to BCnF2' individual plants of the offspring of the group, directly harvesting individual seeds;
preferably, the height of the stubble is 15-20 cm;
and (5) sowing in the step (II) or the step (III) is planting into plant rows.
8. The method for selectively breeding hybrid rice as claimed in claim 2, wherein (e) said separate sowing of F2Population and F2' the group, continuous multi-generation selfing to stable character, breeding the restoring line and sterile line with similar sowing beginning period, includes the following steps:
(I) sowing and transplanting F simultaneously at high temperature for a long day2Population and F2Selecting single plants with similar heading stages and excellent properties in two populations, and harvesting candidate single plant seeds;
(II) sowing and transplanting two groups of seeds respectively harvested in the step (I) at the same time in the same year under the conditions of low temperature and short day, selecting single plants with similar heading stage and excellent properties, and harvesting the seeds;
(III) sowing and transplanting the seeds respectively harvested in the step (II) at the same time in the next year under the conditions of high temperature and long day, selecting single plants with similar heading stage and excellent properties, and harvesting candidate single plant seeds;
(IV) repeating the step (II) and the step (III) until the selected individual plant has stable characters, and respectively harvesting seeds;
(V) sowing and transplanting the seeds harvested in the step (IV) in stages under the conditions of high temperature and long day and low temperature and short day respectively, and selecting the strains with similar initial heading stage in each same sowing period as the selected sterile line and the selected restorer line respectively;
and (VI) performing fertility identification on the sterile line selected in the step (V) to obtain the sterile line.
9. The method for selectively breeding hybrid rice as claimed in claim 8, wherein said harvesting of candidate individual seeds in step (i) comprises: selection of F2Cutting the pollen sterile or pollen-free single plants in the population, transplanting to regenerate the plants, and harvesting seeds on the regenerated plants by the single plants; to F2Directly harvesting single plants seeds of the selected single plants in the population;
(iii) harvesting candidate individual seeds according to step (iii), comprising: to F2Selecting single plants from the group progeny, selecting pollen sterile or pollen-free single plants, cutting stubbles, transplanting to generate ratoon rice, and harvesting seeds on the corresponding single plants; to F2' individual plants of the offspring of the group, directly harvesting individual seeds;
preferably, the height of the stubble is 15-20 cm;
and (5) sowing in the step (II) or the step (III) is planting into plant rows.
10. The method for breeding hybrid rice according to claim 6 or 8, wherein: the similar heading periods are that the difference of the sowing initial periods is less than or equal to 2 days;
the high-temperature and long-day conditions are 4-10 months, preferably 5-10 months, of fertilizer combination; the low-temperature and short-day conditions are 11-12 months of Hainan;
the stage sowing in the step (V) is sowing in 6 stages, and sowing is carried out for 1 stage every 10 days; the transplanting is carried out 30 days after sowing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510483098.5A CN105104168B (en) | 2015-08-07 | 2015-08-07 | The close hybrid rice breeding method of parent's duration from seeding to heading |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510483098.5A CN105104168B (en) | 2015-08-07 | 2015-08-07 | The close hybrid rice breeding method of parent's duration from seeding to heading |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105104168A true CN105104168A (en) | 2015-12-02 |
| CN105104168B CN105104168B (en) | 2017-08-01 |
Family
ID=54652514
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510483098.5A Active CN105104168B (en) | 2015-08-07 | 2015-08-07 | The close hybrid rice breeding method of parent's duration from seeding to heading |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105104168B (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105532432A (en) * | 2016-01-04 | 2016-05-04 | 安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Rice restorer creation method applicable to mechanized seed production |
| CN109089872A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-12-28 | 武汉大学 | A kind of hybrid rice seed breeding process of same period live streaming parent |
| CN109089873A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-12-28 | 武汉大学 | Obtain the method that can be used for the Parents In Hybrid Rice combination of the same period live streaming production of hybrid seeds |
| CN112056208A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2020-12-11 | 上海市农业科学院 | Method for producing hybrid rice seeds and meeting florescence |
| CN114946641A (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2022-08-30 | 安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Breeding method of rice variety difficult to fall |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102342243A (en) * | 2010-07-28 | 2012-02-08 | 安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Production method for mechanized production of rice seed |
| CN102948361A (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2013-03-06 | 湖南杂交水稻研究中心 | Hybrid rice breeding method suitable for mechanical harvesting of seeds |
| CN103493726A (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2014-01-08 | 安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Method for mechanized seed production of hybrid rice through integration of seedling slinging technology and direct seeding technology |
| CN103518619A (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2014-01-22 | 安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Hybrid rice variety breeding and producing method suitable for safe, high-efficiency and mechanized seed production |
-
2015
- 2015-08-07 CN CN201510483098.5A patent/CN105104168B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102342243A (en) * | 2010-07-28 | 2012-02-08 | 安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Production method for mechanized production of rice seed |
| CN102948361A (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2013-03-06 | 湖南杂交水稻研究中心 | Hybrid rice breeding method suitable for mechanical harvesting of seeds |
| CN103493726A (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2014-01-08 | 安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Method for mechanized seed production of hybrid rice through integration of seedling slinging technology and direct seeding technology |
| CN103518619A (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2014-01-22 | 安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Hybrid rice variety breeding and producing method suitable for safe, high-efficiency and mechanized seed production |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105532432A (en) * | 2016-01-04 | 2016-05-04 | 安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Rice restorer creation method applicable to mechanized seed production |
| CN109089872A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-12-28 | 武汉大学 | A kind of hybrid rice seed breeding process of same period live streaming parent |
| CN109089873A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-12-28 | 武汉大学 | Obtain the method that can be used for the Parents In Hybrid Rice combination of the same period live streaming production of hybrid seeds |
| CN112056208A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2020-12-11 | 上海市农业科学院 | Method for producing hybrid rice seeds and meeting florescence |
| CN114946641A (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2022-08-30 | 安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Breeding method of rice variety difficult to fall |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105104168B (en) | 2017-08-01 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105104168B (en) | The close hybrid rice breeding method of parent's duration from seeding to heading | |
| CN100493341C (en) | Method for selecting wheat of new variety | |
| CN104025998B (en) | Utilize the method for hybridized induction monoploid selecting and breeding corn inbred line | |
| CN108377899B (en) | Breeding method for auxiliary selection of corn hybridization induced haploid by yellow-green seedling marker | |
| CN101743902B (en) | Construction of Brassica napus recessive nuclear sterile near-isogenic line and single cross hybrid production technology | |
| WO2009152771A1 (en) | Mechanized seed production method for hybrid crops | |
| CN109006464B (en) | Simplified production method of rape male sterility hybrid F1 seed | |
| CN110463599A (en) | A kind of Direct-seeding Rice selection | |
| CN104221844A (en) | Method for cultivating low-thermo-sensitive type two-line male sterile line core seed | |
| CN107896977B (en) | Method for cultivating rape comprehensive hybrid | |
| CN107347625B (en) | Strong application of the female self-mating system LC-03 in pumpkin breeding | |
| CN102150613A (en) | Method for breeding cytoplasm male sterile line of novel cabbage type rape | |
| CN102100175A (en) | Breeding and hybrid seed-producing method of onion male sterile line | |
| CN103461091A (en) | Seed selection method of sorghum A3 cytoplasmic male sterile line | |
| CN103190336A (en) | Method for transforming wild cabbage into male sterility line of kohlrabi and breeding hybrids | |
| CN112616651B (en) | Breeding method of glyphosate-resistant cotton genic male sterile dual-purpose line | |
| CN108419670A (en) | A kind of long fringe neck novel rice sterile line breeding method | |
| CN108990794B (en) | Hybrid rice breeding method | |
| CN101268756A (en) | Two-series hybrid production technique for general buck wheat | |
| CN102919116B (en) | Selection breeding method of new homozygous sterile line of brassica napus | |
| CN108243949B (en) | Breeding method of light and simple type temperature-sensitive genic male sterile line | |
| CN107278875B (en) | Method for breeding new spring soybean variety by using soybean male nuclear sterile material | |
| CN111165343A (en) | Breeding method of dual-purpose genic male sterile line with high outcrossing rate and high combining ability | |
| CN111512959A (en) | Hybrid rape breeding method capable of early identifying seed purity | |
| CN111280048A (en) | Breeding method of two-line sterile line of photic leaf type rice |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |