CN105104168A - Hybrid rice breeding method using parents with close duration from seeding to heading - Google Patents
Hybrid rice breeding method using parents with close duration from seeding to heading Download PDFInfo
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- CN105104168A CN105104168A CN201510483098.5A CN201510483098A CN105104168A CN 105104168 A CN105104168 A CN 105104168A CN 201510483098 A CN201510483098 A CN 201510483098A CN 105104168 A CN105104168 A CN 105104168A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hybrid rice breeding method using parents with close duration from seeding to heading and belongs to the breeding field of hybrid rice. The hybrid rice breeding method disclosed by the invention comprises: improving a rice sterile line and a restorer line by using different rice parents with close duration from seeding to heading and relatively remote genetic distance; carrying out sowing in different stages under different ecological environmental conditions to obtain a sterile line and a restorer line with close duration from seeding to heading and stable agronomic traits; then carrying out a test cross, planting a test cross F1 generation, and selecting a hybrid combination with excellent traits to obtain the hybrid rice with parents having close growing duration. The method ensures flower synchronization when the male parent and the female parent are sowed at a same stage, so that the reliability of production of hybrid seeds is improved; meanwhile, the mechanical operation in the field is further facilitated, the dependence on the labor force is reduced, the cost is lowered, and the efficiency of production of hybrid seeds is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the selection of a kind of hybrid rice, particularly relate to the hybrid rice breeding method that a kind of parent's duration from seeding to heading is close, belong to the seed selection field of hybrid rice.
Background technology
Paddy rice is the staple food crop of China, current paddy rice Annual planting area is about 4.3-4.4 hundred million mu, wherein hybrid rice Annual planting area is about 2.2 hundred million mu, accounts for more than 50% of total rice area, significantly increases production make a great contribution with grain security for rice in China.
Current, the male parent (restorer) of most Hybrid Rice Combinations that China promotes differs with the duration from seeding to heading (number of days of earing from being seeded into) of maternal (male sterile line) comparatively large (generally male parent is long for breeding time, and maternal breeding time is short).During the production of hybrid seeds, make male parent and maternal flower synchronization, the F1 generation that hybridizes (i.e. commodity crossbreed), first must sow parent's (male parent) that duration from seeding to heading is long, according to male parent and maternal duration from seeding to heading number of days different, sow the short parent of duration from seeding to heading (female parent) again, make male parent ear with female parent in the identical time, bloom and pollinate.This causes Parent transplanting asynchronous on the one hand, and field operation is basic according to manually resistance to, and the amount of labour is large, costly, is difficult to the present situation being adapted to current work human resources minimizing of being engaged in agriculture; On the other hand, climate difference between the duration from seeding to heading Chang Yinnian border of Parent and occur fluctuation, even if adjust the sowing time to father and mother according to historical experience, the phenomenon of Parent flowering asynchronism still happens occasionally, hybrid seed yield be difficult to ensure.
Therefore, realize Parent to sow and the mechanization of producing is the effective way ensureing breeding of hybrid rice output and seed production efficiency, reduction production cost and improve hybrid rice production technology competitiveness simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide the close hybrid rice breeding method of a kind of parent's duration from seeding to heading, the method is by interval sowing under different ecological environmental condition, duration from seeding to heading is selected to react close male parent (restorer) and maternal (male sterile line) to homoclime, through test cross combo, cultivation advantage New Hybrid Rice Combination, flower synchronization during to ensure that male parent was sowed with the maternal same period, improves the reliability of the production of hybrid seeds, improves seed production efficiency; Also be conducive to adapting to operating machine of field simultaneously, reduce the dependence to labour, cost-saving.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
The invention discloses the hybrid rice breeding method that a kind of parent's duration from seeding to heading is close, comprise the following steps: the restorer that (1) seed selection duration from seeding to heading is close and male sterile line, then with sterile be maternal with restorer test cross, obtain test cross F
1generation; (2) the test cross F that selection traits is excellent
1in generation, to obtain final product.
Wherein, under high temperature, long day condition, test cross F is planted
1generation; Preferably, wherein, described high temperature, long day condition be the 5-10 month in Hefei.Select the test cross F that economical character is excellent
1in generation, be close hybrid rice parent breeding time.
The seed selection of the restorer that step (1) described duration from seeding to heading is close and male sterile line, comprising:
(1) with male sterile line ' be that female parent is hybridized with parental rice, obtain hybrid F
1generation;
(2) with step (1) described male sterile line ' be recurrent parent and hybrid F
1in generation, backcrosses, and obtains backcross progeny; By backcross progeny selfing, obtain BC
nf
2colony;
(3) with restorer ' be maternal and parental rice ' hybridize, obtain hybrid F
1' generation;
(4) with step (3) described restorer ' be recurrent parent and hybrid F
1' for backcrossing, obtain backcross progeny '; By backcross progeny ' selfing, obtain BC
nf
2' colony;
(5) BC is sowed respectively
nf
2colony and BC
nf
2' colony, and continuous multi-generation selfing is stablized to economical character, the restorer that seed selection duration from seeding to heading is close and male sterile line, to obtain final product;
Or,
A () is with male sterile line ' be that female parent is hybridized with parental rice, obtain hybrid F
1generation;
B () is by hybrid F
1f is produced for selfing
2colony;
C () is with restorer ' be maternal and parental rice ' hybridize, obtain hybrid F
1' generation;
D () is by hybrid F
1' produce F for selfing
2' colony;
E () sows F respectively
2colony and F
2' colony, and continuous multi-generation selfing is stablized to economical character, the restorer that seed selection duration from seeding to heading is close and male sterile line, to obtain final product.
Wherein, step (1) described parental rice and step (3) described parental rice ' duration from seeding to heading close, and genetic distance is far away; Step (a) described paddy rice male parent and step (c) described paddy rice male parent ' duration from seeding to heading close, and genetic distance is far away.Backcross as the 1-3 generation that backcrosses described in step (2) or step (4); Described selfing is selfing 1 time.Duration from seeding to heading of the present invention close for duration from seeding to heading difference≤2 days.
Further, step (5) is described sows BC respectively
nf
2colony and BC
nf
2' colony, and continuous multi-generation selfing is stablized to economical character, the restorer that seed selection duration from seeding to heading is close and male sterile line, comprise the following steps:
(I) under high temperature, long day condition, sow simultaneously and transplant BC
nf
2colony and BC
nf
2' colony's (more than each 2000 strains), fringe phase of selecting to begin in Liang Ge the colony close and individual plant that proterties is excellent, results candidate single-strain seed;
(II) same year, under low temperature, short day condition, the seed gathered in the crops respectively of sowing and transplant step (I) Zhong Liangge colony, plants into plant, selects fringe phase beginning close and the individual plant that proterties is excellent, gather in the crops seed simultaneously;
(III) next year, under high temperature, long day condition, the seed gathered in the crops respectively in sowing simultaneously and transplant step (II), plants into plant, selects fringe phase beginning close and the individual plant that proterties is excellent, gather in the crops candidate's single-strain seed;
(IV) repeat step (II) and step (III), until the individual plant proterties selected is stablized, gather in the crops seed respectively;
(V) seed step (IV) gathered in the crops respectively under high temperature, long day condition and low temperature, interval sowing and transplanting under short day condition, select the fringe phase close strain that begins in each identical date of seeding, be respectively selected male sterile line and restorer;
(VI) Fertility identification is carried out to the male sterile line that step (V) is selected, to obtain final product.
Wherein, step (I) described results candidate single-strain seed, comprising: select BC
nf
2in colony, pollen sterility or the individual plant without pollen, cut stubble, and transplanting makes it regenerate, the seed on individual plant results regeneration plant; To BC
nf
2' individual plant selected in colony, directly gather in the crops single-strain seed; Step (III) described results candidate single-strain seed, comprising: to BC
nf
2the middle menu strain of colony offspring, selects pollen sterility or without pollen individual plant, cuts stubble, transplanting generation ratoon rice, and gather in the crops the seed on corresponding individual plant; To BC
nf
2' individual plant of colony offspring, directly gather in the crops single-strain seed; Preferably, the wherein said stubble that cuts is rice stubble height 15-20cm.Step (II) and the described results seed of step (IV) are for directly to gather in the crops single-strain seed.
Step (e) is described sows F respectively
2colony and F
2' colony, and continuous multi-generation selfing is stablized to economical character, the restorer that seed selection duration from seeding to heading is close and male sterile line, comprise the following steps:
(I) under high temperature, long day condition, sow simultaneously and transplant F
2colony and F
2' colony's (more than each 2000 strains), fringe phase of selecting to begin in Liang Ge the colony close and individual plant that proterties is excellent, results candidate single-strain seed;
(II) same year, under low temperature, short day condition, the Liang Ge colony seed gathered in the crops respectively in sowing simultaneously and transplant step (I), plants into plant, selects fringe phase beginning close and the individual plant that proterties is excellent, gather in the crops seed;
(III) next year, under high temperature, long day condition, the seed gathered in the crops respectively in sowing simultaneously and transplant step (II), plants into plant, selects fringe phase beginning close and the individual plant that proterties is excellent, gather in the crops candidate's single-strain seed;
(IV) repeat step (II) and step (III), until the individual plant proterties selected is stablized, gather in the crops seed respectively;
(V) by the seed of results in step (IV) respectively under high temperature, long day condition and low temperature, interval sowing and transplanting under short day condition, select the fringe phase close strain that begins in each identical date of seeding, be respectively selected male sterile line and restorer;
(VI) Fertility identification is carried out to the male sterile line that step (V) is selected, to obtain final product.
Wherein, step (I) described results candidate single-strain seed, comprising: select F
2in colony, pollen sterility or the individual plant without pollen, cut stubble, and transplanting makes it regenerate, the seed on individual plant results regeneration plant; To F
2' individual plant selected in colony, directly gather in the crops single-strain seed; Step (III) described results candidate single-strain seed, comprising: to F
2the middle menu strain of colony offspring, selects pollen sterility or without pollen individual plant, cuts stubble, transplanting generation ratoon rice, and gather in the crops the seed on corresponding individual plant; To F
2' individual plant of colony offspring, directly gather in the crops single-strain seed; Preferably, the wherein said stubble that cuts is rice stubble height 15-20cm.Step (II) and the described results seed of step (IV) are for directly to gather in the crops single-strain seed.
Fringe phase beginning of the present invention close for duration from seeding to heading difference≤2 days; Described high temperature, long day condition be the 4-10 month in Hefei, be preferably the 5-10 month in Hefei; Described low temperature, short day condition be the 11-12 month in Hainan; Step (V) described interval sowing is a point 6 phases sowing, within every 10 days, broadcasts for 1 phase; Concrete, described interval sowing can be that sowing time is 4/20,4/30,5/10,5/20,5/30,6/9 under high temperature, long day condition; Under low temperature, short day condition, sowing time is 11/10,11/20,11/30,12/10,12/20,12/30; Described transplanting is after planting 30 days, transplants simultaneously; Step (VI) described Fertility identification carries out according to " paddy rice light, thcrmo-scnsitivc genie male stcrility line fertility qualification code NY/T1215-2006NY/T1215-2006 ".
It is that selected individual plant trait segregation does not occur that proterties of the present invention is stablized.Proterties of the present invention is excellent comprises that output is high, resistant to diseases and insects strong, quality better, precocity or the economical character such as late-maturing, and concrete can determine according to breeding objective.
Hybrid rice breeding method of the present invention, described male sterile line comprises: dual purpose genic male sterile line N876S (extensively accounting for 63 improvement strains, duration from seeding to heading 75-80 days); Described parental rice comprises: (Huang Xinzhan/Fenghua occupies F5 generation to Huang Huazhan, Inst. of Rice, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences's seed selection), 14C195 (raising the advanced clones of rice No. 6/RH003 seed selection, Paddy Rice Inst., Anhui Agriculture Science Academy's seed selection); Described restorer comprises: 13np34 (by raising rice No. 6 mutagenic obtained stable strains, duration from seeding to heading about 100 days).
The present invention is not particularly limited male sterile line, restorer and parental rice, excellent sterile system conventional in production, restorer, and meet duration from seeding to heading close (duration from seeding to heading difference≤2 days), and genetic distance all rice germplasms far away are all applicable to the present invention.
Hybrid rice breeding method of the present invention and traditional seed selection method for rice compare, result shows, the seed selection of conventional hybridization paddy rice, because the maternal duration from seeding to heading of male parent is different, need Parent artificial seeding and artificial transplanting by stages respectively, the amount of labour is large, costly, field operation is basic to be relied on manually, and efficiency is low; And due to climate difference between year border, the risk of Parent flowering asynchronism is comparatively large, and hybrid seed yield is difficult to ensure.And parent's breeding time close (duration from seeding to heading difference≤2 days) of Hybrid Rice Combinations of the present invention, mechanical mixed seeding, does not need to transplant Parent, and achieve the mechanization that Parent is sowed simultaneously and produced, the amount of labour is little, and expense is low, and seed production efficiency is high; And Parent flower synchronization, reduce the risk of Parent flowering asynchronism, ensure breeding of hybrid rice output.
Technical solution of the present invention compared with prior art, has following beneficial effect:
The present invention is by interval sowing under different ecological environmental condition, duration from seeding to heading is selected to react close male parent (restorer) and maternal (male sterile line) to homoclime, through test cross combo, cultivation advantage New Hybrid Rice Combination, flower synchronization when can ensure that male parent was sowed with the maternal same period, improves the reliability of the production of hybrid seeds; Also be suitable for utilizing operating machine of field simultaneously, reduce the dependence to agriculture material labour, cost-saving, improve seed production efficiency.
the term definition arrived involved in the present invention
Unless otherwise defined, otherwise all technology used herein and scientific terminology all have with those skilled in the art usually understand identical implication.
" duration from seeding to heading " means the number of days that paddy rice ears from being seeded into.
" male sterile line " comprises " CMS line " and " two-line sterile line ".CMS line means the male sterile individual plant chosen and the individuality that can educate to hybridize again through the quality with male sterile feature and neat and consistent that continuous backcross is cultivated.Two-line sterile line means photo-thermo-sensitive genetic male sterile line, its Fertility al-teration and sunshine length and temperature height have substantial connection, under long day hot conditions, it shows male sterile; Under short day cryogenic conditions, recover male-fertile.
" restorer " means filial generation can be made to recover male-fertile feature after a certain strain and male sterile line are hybridized.
The hybrid meaning two parents generations that " backcrosses " hybridizes with one of parent again.Generally select the kind with good characteristic to do when first time hybridization maternal, and make male parent when backcrossing for each time afterwards, this parent is recurrent parent when backcrossing.
" selfing " mean from the combination of the female and male gametophyte of same individuality or the mating had between homologous genes type individuality or from same clone individuality between mating.
" test cross ", on paddy rice, test cross refer to sterile be maternal, hybridize from different restorer, measure the coordinate force of parent, select the hybrid combination that F 1 advantage is strong.
" genetic distance " is the index weighing some proterties complex inheritance difference sizes between kind.More than one of proterties required by breeding objective, in order to more fully reflect the hereditary difference between parental breed, needs to consider multiple proterties, thus the concept of genetic distance of extending out.Calculate the geometric distance of the hyperspace that multiple character gene offset is formed between kind by Multielement statistical analysis method, be just called interracial genetic distance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the hybrid rice seed selection flow process that parent's duration from seeding to heading is close.
Embodiment
Further describe the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, advantage and disadvantage of the present invention will be more clear along with description.It should be understood that described embodiment is only exemplary, any restriction is not formed to scope of the present invention.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that and can modify to the details of technical solution of the present invention and form or replace down without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, but these amendments or replacement all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
The seed selection of embodiment 1 hybrid rice
(1) choose duration from seeding to heading close (be about 90 day at Hefei duration from seeding to heading), genetic distance comparatively this yellow China of distant relative account for that (Huang Xinzhan/Fenghua occupies F5 generation, Inst. of Rice, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences's seed selection is also externally sold), 14C195 (raise the advanced clones of rice No. 6/RH003 seed selection, Paddy Rice Inst., Anhui Agriculture Science Academy's seed selection is also externally sold);
(2) with Paddy Rice Inst., Anhui Agriculture Science Academy self-fertile dual purpose genic male sterile line N876S (Paddy Rice Inst., Anhui Agriculture Science Academy externally sells) for maternal (Guangzhan 63S for maternal, with bright extensive 63 to hybridize, backcross after selfing (BC
1f
3), the two-line sterile line of acquisition, duration from seeding to heading 75-80 days) hybridize with Huang Huazhan, obtain hybrid F
1(S).And be recurrent parent and hybrid F with N876S
1(S) continuous backcross 2 generation, BC is produced
2f
1(S) seed;
(3) by the mutagenic obtained material 13np34 (Paddy Rice Inst., Anhui Agriculture Science Academy's seed selection is also externally sold) with golden shell and golden internode with Paddy Rice Inst., Anhui Agriculture Science Academy (utilize 0.5%EMS (ethylmethane sulfonate) to process and raise rice No. 6, stable strain is obtained in mutagenesis 2 generation, duration from seeding to heading about 100 days) be that female parent is hybridized with 14C195, obtain hybrid F
1(R), and with 13np34 be recurrent parent and hybrid F
1(R) continuous backcross, produces BC
1f
1(R) seed;
(4) Hefei, May 5 was sowed simultaneously and transplanted BC
2f
2and BC (S)
1f
2(R) seed (more than each 2000 strains), fringe phase of selecting 10-15 day in August to begin in Liang Ge colony close (duration from seeding to heading difference≤2 days) and the excellent individual plant of economical character, and mark.To BC
2f
2(S) individual plant selected in colony carries out microscopy, selects, without the individual plant of pollen, to cut stubble, and is transplanted to another field isolation implant and makes it regenerate, and individual plant gathers in the crops the mature seed BC on regeneration plant
2f
3(S) generation; To BC
1f
2(R) individual plant selected in colony, directly gathers in the crops single-strain seed BC time ripe
1f
3(R) generation.
(5) same year, Hainan, sows the individual plant that step (4) Zhong Liangge colony is selected 20-25 day in November simultaneously, plants into plant (150-200 strain), select fringe phase beginning close (duration from seeding to heading difference≤2 days) and the excellent individual plant of economical character, sowing.
(6) next year, Hefei, May, 5-10 sowing, planted into plant (150-200 strain), selected fringe phase beginning close (duration from seeding to heading difference≤2 days) and the excellent individual plant of economical character.To BC
2f
1(S) the middle menu strain of offspring, pollen microscopic examination after beginning fringe, cuts stubble without pollen individual plant and transplants generation ratoon rice, and gather in the crops the seed on corresponding individual plant; To BC
1f
1(R) individual plant of offspring, directly gathers in the crops single-strain seed after maturation.
(7) repeat step (5) and step (6), until the individual plant economical character selected is stablized, collect the seed of sufficient amount.
(8) by the BC of results in step (7)
2f
1and BC (S)
1f
1(R) seed of two offsprings, respectively at Hefei and Hainan interval sowing.Hefei sowing time is 4/20,4/30,5/10,5/20,5/30,6/9; Hainan sowing time is 11/10,11/20,11/30,12/10,12/20,12/30.Select in each date of seeding, the strain of fringe phase beginning all close (duration from seeding to heading difference≤2 days).
(9) with reference to " paddy rice light, thcrmo-scnsitivc genie male stcrility line fertility qualification code NY/T1215-2006NY/T1215-2006 ", Fertility identification is carried out to the male sterile line selected, selects standard compliant male sterile line;
(10) with choose in step (9) sterile be maternal, with the restorer test cross chosen in step (8), in Hefei (the 5-10 month), test cross F is observed in plantation
1the economical character in generation, selects the F that economical character is excellent
1in generation, be close new hybrid rice varieties parent breeding time.
The seed selection of embodiment 2 hybrid rice
(1) choose duration from seeding to heading close (be about 90 day at Hefei duration from seeding to heading), genetic distance comparatively this yellow China of distant relative account for that (Huang Xinzhan/Fenghua occupies F5 generation, Inst. of Rice, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences's seed selection), 14C195 (raise the advanced clones of rice No. 6/RH003 seed selection, Paddy Rice Inst., Anhui Agriculture Science Academy's seed selection is also externally sold);
(2) with Paddy Rice Inst., Anhui Agriculture Science Academy self-fertile dual purpose genic male sterile line N876S for maternal (Guangzhan 63S be female parent, with bright extensive 63 to hybridize, backcross after selfing (BC
1f
3), the two-line sterile line of acquisition, duration from seeding to heading 75-80 days) hybridize with Huang Huazhan, obtain hybrid F
1(S).By hybrid F
1(S) directly selfing produces F
2(S) colony;
(3) by the mutagenic obtained material 13np34 with golden shell and golden internode with Paddy Rice Inst., Anhui Agriculture Science Academy (utilize 0.5%EMS (ethylmethane sulfonate) to process and raise rice No. 6, stable strain is obtained in mutagenesis 2 generation, duration from seeding to heading about 100 days) be that female parent is hybridized with 14C195, obtain hybrid F
1(R), by hybrid F
1(R) directly selfing produces F
2(R) colony;
(4) Hefei, May 5 was sowed simultaneously and transplanted F
2and F (S)
2(R) seed (more than each 2000 strains), fringe phase of selecting 10-15 day in August to begin in Liang Ge colony close (duration from seeding to heading difference≤2 days) and the excellent individual plant of economical character, and mark.To F
2(S) individual plant selected in colony carries out microscopy, selects, without the individual plant of pollen, to cut stubble, and is transplanted to another field isolation implant and makes it regenerate, and individual plant gathers in the crops the mature seed on regeneration plant; To F
2(R) individual plant selected in colony, directly gathers in the crops single-strain seed time ripe.
(5) same year, Hainan, sows the individual plant that step (4) Zhong Liangge colony is selected 20-25 day in November simultaneously, plants into plant (150-200 strain), select fringe phase beginning close (duration from seeding to heading difference≤2 days) and the excellent individual plant of economical character, sowing.
(6) next year, Hefei, May, 5-10 sowing, planted into plant (150-200 strain), selected fringe phase beginning close (duration from seeding to heading difference≤2 days) and the excellent individual plant of economical character.To F
2(S) the middle menu strain of offspring, pollen microscopic examination after beginning fringe, cuts stubble without pollen individual plant and transplants generation ratoon rice, and gather in the crops the seed on corresponding individual plant; To F
2(R) individual plant of offspring, directly gathers in the crops single-strain seed after maturation.
(7) repeat step (5) and step (6), until the individual plant economical character selected is stablized, collect the seed of sufficient amount.
(8) by the F of results in step (7)
2and F (S)
2(R) seed of two offsprings, respectively at Hefei and Hainan interval sowing.Hefei sowing time is 4/20,4/30,5/10,5/20,5/30,6/9; Hainan sowing time is 11/10,11/20,11/30,12/10,12/20,12/30.Select in each date of seeding, the strain of fringe phase beginning all close (duration from seeding to heading difference≤2 days).
(9) with reference to " paddy rice light, thcrmo-scnsitivc genie male stcrility line fertility qualification code NY/T1215-2006NY/T1215-2006 ", Fertility identification is carried out to the male sterile line selected, selects standard compliant male sterile line;
(10) with choose in step (9) sterile be maternal, with the restorer test cross chosen in step (8), in Hefei (the 5-10 month), test cross F is observed in plantation
1the economical character in generation, selects the F that economical character is excellent
1in generation, be close new hybrid rice varieties parent breeding time.
The seed selection of comparative examples hybrid rice
Yellow for hybrid rice male parent China is accounted for (be about 90 day at Hefei duration from seeding to heading), be that caryon sterile line N876S (extensively accounts for 63 improvement strains with maternal two, duration from seeding to heading 75-80 days) alternate plantation, first sow the long male parent of duration from seeding to heading, then according to male parent and maternal duration from seeding to heading number of days different, sow the female parent that duration from seeding to heading is short again, make male parent ear with female parent in the identical time, bloom and pollinate, results seed.
Experimental example 1 seed production efficiency compares
The Hybrid Rice Combinations of the embodiment of the present invention 1 seed selection and the seed production efficiency of comparative examples are compared, the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 seed production efficiency compares
Result shows, the seed selection of conventional hybridization paddy rice, and because male parent female parent duration from seeding to heading is different, need Parent artificial seeding and artificial transplanting by stages respectively, the amount of labour is large, and costly, field operation is basic to be relied on manually, and efficiency is low; And the risk of Parent flowering asynchronism is comparatively large, hybrid seed yield is difficult to ensure.
And parent's breeding time close (duration from seeding to heading difference≤2 days) of Hybrid Rice Combinations of the present invention, mechanical mixed seeding, does not need to transplant Parent, and achieve the mechanization that Parent is sowed simultaneously and produced, the amount of labour is little, and expense is low, and seed production efficiency is high; And Parent flower synchronization, reduce the risk of Parent flowering asynchronism, ensure breeding of hybrid rice output.
Claims (10)
1. the hybrid rice breeding method that parent's duration from seeding to heading is close, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) restorer that seed selection duration from seeding to heading is close and male sterile line, then with sterile be maternal with restorer test cross, obtain test cross F
1generation; (2) the test cross F that selection traits is excellent
1in generation, to obtain final product.
2. according to hybrid rice breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the seed selection of the restorer that step (1) described duration from seeding to heading is close and male sterile line, comprising:
(1) with male sterile line ' be that female parent is hybridized with parental rice, obtain hybrid F
1generation;
(2) with step (1) described male sterile line ' be recurrent parent and hybrid F
1in generation, backcrosses, and obtains backcross progeny; By backcross progeny selfing, obtain BC
nf
2colony;
(3) with restorer ' be maternal and parental rice ' hybridize, obtain hybrid F
1' generation;
(4) with step (3) described restorer ' be recurrent parent and hybrid F
1' for backcrossing, obtain backcross progeny '; By backcross progeny ' selfing, obtain BC
nf
2' colony;
(5) BC is sowed respectively
nf
2colony and BC
nf
2' colony, and continuous multi-generation selfing is stablized to proterties, the restorer that seed selection duration from seeding to heading is close and male sterile line, to obtain final product;
Or,
A () is with male sterile line ' be that female parent is hybridized with parental rice, obtain hybrid F
1generation;
B () is by hybrid F
1f is produced for selfing
2colony;
C () is with restorer ' be maternal and parental rice ' hybridize, obtain hybrid F
1' generation;
D () is by hybrid F
1' produce F for selfing
2' colony;
E () sows F respectively
2colony and F
2' colony, and continuous multi-generation selfing is stablized to proterties, the restorer that seed selection duration from seeding to heading is close and male sterile line, to obtain final product.
3. according to hybrid rice breeding method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: step (1) described parental rice and step (3) described parental rice ' duration from seeding to heading close;
The described parental rice of step (a) and the described parental rice of step (c) ' duration from seeding to heading close.
4., according to the hybrid rice breeding method described in claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterized in that: described duration from seeding to heading close for duration from seeding to heading difference≤2 days.
5. according to hybrid rice breeding method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: backcross as the 1-3 generation that backcrosses described in step (2) or step (4); Described selfing is selfing 1 time.
6. according to hybrid rice breeding method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, step (5) is described sows BC respectively
nf
2colony and BC
nf
2' colony, and continuous multi-generation selfing is stablized to proterties, the restorer that seed selection duration from seeding to heading is close and male sterile line, comprise the following steps:
(I) under high temperature, long day condition, sow simultaneously and transplant BC
nf
2colony and BC
nf
2' colony, fringe phase of selecting to begin in Liang Ge the colony close and individual plant that proterties is excellent, results candidate single-strain seed;
(II) same year, under low temperature, short day condition, the seed gathered in the crops respectively of sowing and transplant step (I) Zhong Liangge colony, selects fringe phase beginning close and the individual plant that proterties is excellent, gathers in the crops seed simultaneously;
(III) next year, under high temperature, long day condition, the seed gathered in the crops respectively in sowing simultaneously and transplant step (II), selects fringe phase beginning close and the individual plant that proterties is excellent, gathers in the crops candidate's single-strain seed;
(IV) repeat step (II) and step (III), until the individual plant proterties selected is stablized, gather in the crops seed respectively;
(V) seed step (IV) gathered in the crops respectively under high temperature, long day condition and low temperature, interval sowing and transplanting under short day condition, select the fringe phase close strain that begins in each identical date of seeding, be respectively selected male sterile line and restorer;
(VI) Fertility identification is carried out to the male sterile line that step (V) is selected, to obtain final product.
7. according to hybrid rice breeding method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, step (I) described results candidate single-strain seed, comprising: select BC
nf
2in colony, pollen sterility or the individual plant without pollen, cut stubble, and transplanting makes it regenerate, the seed on individual plant results regeneration plant; To BC
nf
2' individual plant selected in colony, directly gather in the crops single-strain seed;
Step (III) described results candidate single-strain seed, comprising: to BC
nf
2the middle menu strain of colony offspring, selects pollen sterility or without pollen individual plant, cuts stubble, transplanting generation ratoon rice, and gather in the crops the seed on corresponding individual plant; To BC
nf
2' individual plant of colony offspring, directly gather in the crops single-strain seed;
Preferably, the wherein said stubble that cuts is rice stubble height 15-20cm;
Step (II) or step (III) described sowing are for planting into plant.
8. according to hybrid rice breeding method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, (e) is described sows F respectively
2colony and F
2' colony, and continuous multi-generation selfing is stablized to proterties, the restorer that seed selection duration from seeding to heading is close and male sterile line, comprise the following steps:
(I) under high temperature, long day condition, sow simultaneously and transplant F
2colony and F
2' colony, fringe phase of selecting to begin in Liang Ge the colony close and individual plant that proterties is excellent, results candidate single-strain seed;
(II) same year, under low temperature, short day condition, the Liang Ge colony seed gathered in the crops respectively in sowing simultaneously and transplant step (I), selects fringe phase beginning close and the individual plant that proterties is excellent, gathers in the crops seed;
(III) next year, under high temperature, long day condition, the seed gathered in the crops respectively in sowing simultaneously and transplant step (II), selects fringe phase beginning close and the individual plant that proterties is excellent, gathers in the crops candidate's single-strain seed;
(IV) repeat step (II) and step (III), until the individual plant proterties selected is stablized, gather in the crops seed respectively;
(V) by the seed of results in step (IV) respectively under high temperature, long day condition and low temperature, interval sowing and transplanting under short day condition, select the fringe phase close strain that begins in each identical date of seeding, be respectively selected male sterile line and restorer;
(VI) Fertility identification is carried out to the male sterile line that step (V) is selected, to obtain final product.
9. according to hybrid rice breeding method according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, step (I) described results candidate single-strain seed, comprising: select F
2in colony, pollen sterility or the individual plant without pollen, cut stubble, and transplanting makes it regenerate, the seed on individual plant results regeneration plant; To F
2' individual plant selected in colony, directly gather in the crops single-strain seed;
Step (III) described results candidate single-strain seed, comprising: to F
2the middle menu strain of colony offspring, selects pollen sterility or without pollen individual plant, cuts stubble, transplanting generation ratoon rice, and gather in the crops the seed on corresponding individual plant; To F
2' individual plant of colony offspring, directly gather in the crops single-strain seed;
Preferably, the wherein said stubble that cuts is rice stubble height 15-20cm;
Step (II) or step (III) described sowing are for planting into plant.
10., according to the hybrid rice breeding method described in claim 6 or 8, it is characterized in that: described fringe phase beginning close for duration from seeding to heading difference≤2 days;
Described high temperature, long day condition be the 4-10 month in Hefei, be preferably the 5-10 month; Described low temperature, short day condition be the 11-12 month in Hainan;
Step (V) described interval sowing is a point 6 phases sowing, within every 10 days, broadcasts for 1 phase; Described transplanting is after planting 30 days, transplants simultaneously.
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| CN109089873A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-12-28 | 武汉大学 | Obtain the method that can be used for the Parents In Hybrid Rice combination of the same period live streaming production of hybrid seeds |
| CN109089872A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-12-28 | 武汉大学 | A kind of hybrid rice seed breeding process of same period live streaming parent |
| CN112056208A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2020-12-11 | 上海市农业科学院 | Method for producing hybrid rice seeds and meeting florescence |
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