CN114946641A - Breeding method of rice variety difficult to fall - Google Patents
Breeding method of rice variety difficult to fall Download PDFInfo
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- CN114946641A CN114946641A CN202210392066.4A CN202210392066A CN114946641A CN 114946641 A CN114946641 A CN 114946641A CN 202210392066 A CN202210392066 A CN 202210392066A CN 114946641 A CN114946641 A CN 114946641A
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- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title description 2
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000000306 recurrent effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000184734 Pyrus japonica Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000058871 Echinochloa crus-galli Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008467 Oryza sativa Japonica Group Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/12—Processes for modifying agronomic input traits, e.g. crop yield
- A01H1/1205—Abscission; Dehiscence; Senescence
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a breeding method of a rice variety difficult to fall, which comprises the following steps: (1) hybridizing the rice parent which is difficult to thresh with the rice which is easy to thresh or the parent of the conventional rice; (2) backcrossing the recurrent parent with the hybridized single plant which is difficult to thresh; (3) selfing the backcrossed progeny, constructing a segregation population and selecting the individual plants which are difficult to thresh; (4) selecting the difficult-to-thresh single plants in the continuous multi-generation line, and carrying out agronomic character comparison, quality analysis and resistance identification until the selected difficult-to-thresh single plants have stable agronomic characters; (5) the single plant which has stable agronomic characters and is difficult to thresh is bred into a new rice variety which is difficult to thresh. The rice variety which is difficult to fall into grains is directly sown, no or few falling grains are generated under the harvesting conditions of machinery and the like, the number of falling grains is greatly reduced, the occurrence probability of weedy rice in a direct sowing field is reduced, the harm of the weedy rice is reduced, the income is improved, and the problem that a large amount of weedy rice is generated due to the direct sowing and the like and the simplified production is effectively solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a breeding method of rice varieties, in particular to a breeding method of rice varieties difficult to fall, belonging to the field of breeding of rice varieties.
Background
The rice is the most main grain crop in China, the sowing area of the rice in China is about 1/4% of the total area of the grain crop, more than 60% of people in China use rice as staple food, and the rice consumption accounts for about 65% of the total consumption of the grain crop every year.
With the rapid development of Chinese economy, a great amount of rural labor is transferred to cities, the labor for directly engaging in agriculture is continuously reduced, and the land is gradually concentrated to scale. The traditional rice planting mode relying on a large amount of labor force is not suitable for the current production development, and the rice production is turning to simplification and mechanization. Because the mechanized rice transplanting is influenced by factors such as large one-time investment, short operation period, unmatched mechanical road-plowing facilities and the like, the further popularization is limited. The direct seeding and other simplified planting modes which are time-saving, labor-saving and simple and convenient to operate are becoming the main direction of the current rice production. According to incomplete statistics, the direct seeding area of the rice in China currently accounts for about 30%, and the trend is still expanding.
However, the direct-seeded paddy field is susceptible to the emergence of weedy rice (Oryza sativa). Weedy rice is a kind of weeds which are similar to cultivated rice in plant characters and growth morphology, but the quality, the maturing rate and the like of rice do not meet the actual requirements of the cultivated rice production (Wuvingfa et al, 2018). The weedy rice is the third most serious weed except barnyard grass and the seeds of thousand in the rice field, and has the characteristics of early maturity, easy falling, strong dormancy, high propagation coefficient and the like. With the popularization of the no-tillage and little-tillage technology of direct-seeded rice and wheat, the harm of weedy rice in China is more and more serious, the rice yield is seriously influenced, and the yield is reduced by more than 90% in serious cases (Zhang et al, 2014); at the same time, the appearance quality of rice is deteriorated, the commodity value is reduced, and the taste quality is reduced (Yudi imperial et al, 2011; yebin, 2014; Wanbei et al, 2019).
The important reason for the formation of weedy rice is that the rice falling in the field is naturally eliminated, selected and degraded for many years, and most of the weedy rice is eliminated after normal ploughing and stubble cleaning. But under the condition of no-tillage direct seeding, the rice seedlings can normally germinate and grow, and the cultivated rice sowed under the rice seedlings can compete for growth, so that harm is caused.
Therefore, the method for breeding the rice variety difficult to fall is provided, and has important significance for reducing the occurrence probability of the weedy rice and reducing the harm caused by the weedy rice.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a breeding method of a rice variety difficult to fall, the rice variety bred by the breeding method is difficult to fall, the incidence rate of weedy rice can be effectively reduced when the rice is directly sown, and the problem that a large amount of weedy rice is generated due to direct sowing and other simple production is solved;
the above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
one aspect of the invention provides a breeding method of a rice variety difficult to fall, which comprises the following steps:
(1) hybridizing a rice parent which is difficult to thresh and a rice parent which is easy to thresh or a conventional rice parent which is a female parent;
(2) backcrossing the rice parent easy to thresh or the conventional rice parent serving as a recurrent parent with the single plant which is difficult to thresh and is obtained by screening in the hybridization process;
(3) selfing the backcrossed progeny, constructing a segregation population and selecting the individual plants which are difficult to thresh;
(4) the selected individual plant which is difficult to thresh is planted into ears, the individual plant which is difficult to thresh is selected in continuous multi-generation lines, and agronomic characters are compared, the quality is analyzed, and the resistance is identified until the agronomic characters of the selected individual plant which is difficult to thresh are stable;
(5) the single plant which has stable agronomic characters and is difficult to thresh is bred into a new rice variety which is difficult to thresh.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the non-degranulation rice parent is the germplasm ATLANT.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the parent of the conventional rice is rice Lvxiangjing 28.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for breeding a rice variety with difficult shattering, comprising the following steps:
(1) hybridizing a rice parent which is difficult to fall into grains and a rice excellent two-line genic male sterile line serving as a female parent;
(2) backcrossing for 2-3 generations by taking the excellent two-line genic male sterile line of the rice as recurrent parent;
(3) constructing a segregation population, and selecting a single plant which is difficult to thresh;
(4) selecting the difficult-to-thresh single plants from the selected difficult-to-thresh single plant continuous multi-generation line, and performing agronomic character comparison, quality analysis and resistance identification until the selected difficult-to-thresh single plants have stable agronomic characters;
(5) carrying out fertility identification on the individual plant which is stable in agronomic characters and difficult to thresh to obtain a sterile line Sn which is difficult to fall grains;
(6) and (3) hybridizing the female parent with the rice parent which is difficult to fall into grains by using the excellent recovery line, performing backcross for 2-3 generations by using the excellent recovery line as a recurrent parent, performing selfing or directly performing selfing, selecting a line which is difficult to fall into grains and has excellent agronomic characters from the backcross generation and the segregation generation, and performing continuous multi-generation selfing until the recovery line Rn which is difficult to fall into grains and has stable agronomic characters is obtained.
(7) And (3) carrying out test crossing on the difficult-to-shatter sterile line Sn and the difficult-to-shatter restoring line Rn, planting test crossing F1 generation, and selecting a hybrid combination with excellent characters to obtain a new hybrid rice variety difficult to shatter.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the difficult-to-shatter rice parent in step (1) is ATLANT, and the elite two-line male sterile line of rice is N876S.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step (2), during the backcrossing process, lines which are difficult to fall into grains are selected as male parents.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, in the step (5), fertility identification is carried out according to the standard of the Ministry of people's republic of China agricultural industry Standard "procedure for identifying fertility of photo-and thermo-sensitive male sterile lines of paddy rice NY/T1215-2006", and a line meeting the standard is selected as the sterile line Sn difficult to shatter.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a new hybrid rice variety which is difficult to shatter is obtained by selecting a high-yield hybrid combination with excellent traits in step (7).
The rice variety difficult to fall into grains is directly seeded, no or few fall grains are produced under the harvesting conditions of machinery and the like, the number of the fall grains is greatly reduced, the incidence rate of weedy rice is obviously reduced, the harm of the weedy rice is reduced, the income is improved, and the problem that a large amount of weedy rice is produced due to direct seeding and the like is solved.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, the advantages and features of which will become apparent from the description. These examples are illustrative only and do not limit the scope of the present invention in any way. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and that such changes and modifications may be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1 Breeding method of hardly shattered rice variety
1. Selecting the difficult-to-shatter germplasm ATLANT (introduced from russia);
2. the excellent conventional rice green fragrant japonica 28 (bred by rice institute of agronomy academy of agriculture in Anhui province) is used as a female parent to be hybridized with ATLANT.
3. Taking green fragrant japonica rice 28 (bred by rice institute of agricultural science of Anhui province), backcrossing with ATLANT and selfing, and backcrossing with single plant which is difficult to fall grains in progeny groups.
4. Backcrossing to more than 5 generations (BC) 5-n F1) And (4) selfing, and selecting the individual plant which is difficult to fall and has excellent agronomic characters.
5. And (3) planting the individual plants which are difficult to fall and have excellent agronomic characters into a strain line, and selecting the individual plants which are difficult to fall and have excellent agronomic characters.
6. And (5) repeating the step (5) until a strain with stable agronomic characters and difficult grain dropping is obtained.
TABLE 1 Fall and weedy rice comparison
Note: 1. continuously direct seeding the same variety in the same field, and mechanically harvesting;
2. the green fragrant japonica 28 is a variety easy to fall; the green scented japonica 28(n) is the hard-to-fall variety selected in this example.
Example 2 Breeding method of hardly fallen rice variety
1. Selecting difficult-to-fall germplasm ATLANT;
2. the excellent two-line genic male sterile line N876S (bred by rice research institute of agricultural academy of sciences of Anhui province) is used as a female parent to be hybridized with ATLANT, and N876S is used as a recurrent parent to be backcrossed for 2-3 generations and then selfed. In the backcrossing process, the lines which are difficult to be pelletized are selected as male parents. Fertilizer mixing, planting BC in the beginning of 5 months 2-3 F 2 And selecting single plants with excellent agronomic characters for microscopic examination, transplanting and regenerating the sterile pollen single plants after cutting stubbles, and harvesting seeds on the regenerated rice which is difficult to fall.
3. Planting in 11-month middle ten days in Hainan province, selecting single plants which are difficult to fall, have excellent agronomic characters, selfing, and harvesting.
4. And (3) combining fertilizers, planting at the beginning of 5 months, selecting single plants with excellent agronomic characters at the beginning of ear for microscopic examination, transplanting and regenerating after cutting stubble of the pollen sterile single plants, and harvesting seeds on the rice difficult to fall into grains for regeneration.
5. And (5) repeating the step (3) and the step (4), after the characters are stable, performing fertility identification according to the standard of the agricultural industry standard of the people's republic of China, namely the fertility identification regulation NY/T1215-2006 of the rice light and temperature sensitive male sterile line, and selecting the line meeting the standard to be the difficult-to-shatter 876 Sn.
6. And hybridizing an excellent recovery line Y328 serving as a female parent with a difficult-to-shatter parent ATLANT, performing selfing after backcrossing for 2-3 generations by using the excellent recovery line as a recurrent parent, or directly selfing, selecting a line which is difficult to shatter and has excellent agronomic characters from the backcross generation and the segregation generation, and performing continuous multi-generation selfing to obtain the difficult-to-shatter recovery line Y328n with stable agronomic characters.
7. And (3) test crossing the difficult-to-fall grain 876Sn with the difficult-to-fall grain Y328n, planting test crossing F1 generation in a suitable ecological area, and selecting a hybrid combination with excellent properties such as yield and the like to obtain a difficult-to-fall grain hybrid rice new combination 876Sn/Y328 n.
TABLE 2 Fall and weedy rice comparison
Note: 1. continuously direct seeding the same variety in the same field, and mechanically harvesting;
2.876S/Y328 is a readily fallen variety; 876Sn/Y328n is the rice variety difficult to fall.
Claims (9)
1. A breeding method of a rice variety difficult to fall off is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) hybridizing a rice parent which is difficult to thresh and a rice parent which is easy to thresh or a conventional rice parent which is a female parent;
(2) backcrossing the rice parent easy to thresh or the conventional rice parent serving as a recurrent parent with the single plant which is difficult to thresh and is obtained by screening in the hybridization process;
(3) selfing the backcrossed progeny, constructing a segregation population and selecting the individual plants which are difficult to thresh;
(4) selecting the difficult-to-thresh single plants in the continuous multi-generation line, and carrying out agronomic character comparison, quality analysis and resistance identification until the selected difficult-to-thresh single plants have stable agronomic characters;
(5) the non-degranulation single plant with stable agronomic characters is bred into a new non-degranulation rice variety.
2. The breeding method according to claim 1, wherein the rice parent that is difficult to thresh is the germplasm ATLANT.
3. The breeding method according to claim 1, wherein the conventional rice is rice green scented japonica 28.
4. A breeding method of a rice variety difficult to fall into grains is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) hybridizing a rice parent which is difficult to fall into grains and a rice excellent two-line genic male sterile line serving as a female parent;
(2) backcrossing for 2-3 generations by taking the excellent two-line genic male sterile line of the rice as a recurrent parent;
(3) constructing a segregation population, and selecting a single plant which is difficult to thresh;
(4) selecting the difficult-to-thresh single plants from the selected difficult-to-thresh single plant continuous multi-generation line, and performing agronomic character comparison, quality analysis and resistance identification until the selected difficult-to-thresh single plants have stable agronomic characters;
(5) carrying out fertility identification on the individual plant which is stable in agronomic characters and difficult to thresh to obtain a sterile line Sn which is difficult to fall grains;
(6) and (3) hybridizing the female parent with the rice parent which is difficult to fall into grains by using the excellent recovery line, performing backcross for 2-3 generations by using the excellent recovery line as a recurrent parent, performing selfing or directly performing selfing, selecting a line which is difficult to fall into grains and has excellent agronomic characters from the backcross generation and the segregation generation, and performing continuous multi-generation selfing until the recovery line Rn which is difficult to fall into grains and has stable agronomic characters is obtained.
(7) And (3) carrying out test crossing on the difficult-to-shatter sterile line Sn and the difficult-to-shatter restoring line Rn, planting test crossing F1 generation, and selecting a hybrid combination with excellent characters to obtain a new hybrid rice variety difficult to shatter.
5. The breeding method according to claim 1, wherein the rice parent that is difficult to be shattered is ATLANT.
6. The breeding method according to claim 1, wherein the elite two-line genic male sterile line of rice is N876S.
7. The breeding method according to claim 1, wherein the lines that are difficult to fall into grains are selected as male parents during the backcrossing in step (2).
8. The breeding method according to claim 1, wherein in step (5), fertility identification is performed according to the standard of "procedure for identifying fertility of male sterile line of photo-and thermo-sensitive male nuclear of rice NY/T1215-2006" of the agricultural industry standard of the people's republic of china, and the strain meeting the standard is selected as the sterile line Sn which is difficult to be dropped.
9. The breeding method according to claim 1, wherein the new hybrid rice variety with high shedding probability is obtained by selecting excellent hybrid combinations with high yield and traits in step (7).
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105075848A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-11-25 | 安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Hybrid rice breeding method |
| CN105104167A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-12-02 | 安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Breeding method for hybrid rice |
| CN105104168A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-12-02 | 安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Hybrid rice breeding method using parents with close duration from seeding to heading |
| CN105309300A (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2016-02-10 | 安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Method for breeding shattering-resisting high-yield hybrid rice |
| CN107926552A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-04-20 | 湖南杂交水稻研究中心 | A kind of removable rice field or seed farm shattering paddy seedling and the implantation methods of weeds |
| CN112753566A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-05-07 | 湖南杂交水稻研究中心 | Seed production method of hybrid rice |
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- 2022-04-14 CN CN202210392066.4A patent/CN114946641A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105309300A (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2016-02-10 | 安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Method for breeding shattering-resisting high-yield hybrid rice |
| CN105075848A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-11-25 | 安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Hybrid rice breeding method |
| CN105104167A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-12-02 | 安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Breeding method for hybrid rice |
| CN105104168A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-12-02 | 安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Hybrid rice breeding method using parents with close duration from seeding to heading |
| CN107926552A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-04-20 | 湖南杂交水稻研究中心 | A kind of removable rice field or seed farm shattering paddy seedling and the implantation methods of weeds |
| CN112753566A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-05-07 | 湖南杂交水稻研究中心 | Seed production method of hybrid rice |
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Application publication date: 20220830 |