CN103155849A - Breeding method of selenium-enriched cocozelle variety - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a breeding method of selenium-enriched cocozelle variety, relates to a breeding method of cucurbitaceous plants, and belongs to the technical field of agriculture. The method is able to breed a new variety of selenium-enriched cocozelle to significantly increase selenium content in cocozelle flesh. The invention has the beneficial effect that the breeding variety reaches the breeding objective of selenium enrichment by using cocozelle. The variety shows botanical characteristics including strong growth potential, fast growth and early maturity; and the invention selects high-quality polyclonal antibody material to prepare a new combination, and takes into account of other quality traits and disease resistance while selecting selenium enrichment character, so that the variety is more in line with the needs of production and consumption.

Description

A kind of rich selection that shines pumpkin variety

Technical field

The present invention relates to the selection of a kind of cucurbitaceous plant, belong to agricultural technology field, specifically a kind of selection of rich selenium pumpkin variety.

Background technology

Custard squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) another name: pumpkin, american pumpkin, Curcurbitaceae, Cucurbita originates in south, North America, and the present extensively cultivates.Custard squash is the gourd vegetables take edible tender melon as the master that the both urban and rural residents likes food, its taste delicate fragrance is tender and crisp, compare with cucumber, custard squash is stir-fried and eaten not spoiled, and the custard squash persticide residue is more much lower than cucumber, custard squash is nutritious, according to surveying and determination, contains calcium 62mg, phosphorus 172mg, iron 0.7g, protein 2.2g, sugared 7g, carotin 40mg, thiamine 70mg, vitamin b3 70mg, vitamin C 4mg, niacin 40mg in the tender melon of every 500g.Custard squash is more low temperature resistant in addition, is suitable for protection ground cultivation, just because of custard squash has plurality of advantages, its cultivated area increases day by day, has become Gansu so that the main protection ground culturing vegetable of northern area.Its area is only second to cucumber in gourd vegetables.

Selenium is one of trace element of needed by human, lacks selenium in body and can cause Keshan disease, and fecundity descends, the symptoms such as oligotrichosis.Recently, at first American scholar is found, selenium can hinder growth of cancer cells under non-toxic, be a kind of anticarcinogen.The cancer resistance of selenium is also successively tested by the states such as Britain, Canada, Japan subsequently.The selenium that human body is taken in is almost all from food, and can satisfy people's needs.Marine product, animal muscle, that cereal contains selenium is more, and vegetables and fruits are on the low side.

Se content is the important indicator of Enriching Selenium custard squash, and dry matter, Vc, total reducing sugar, starch and carotin equal size in stable or raising custard squash, the Se content that increases substantially in custard squash is the main target of breeding.

Summary of the invention

The selection that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of rich selenium pumpkin variety, the method can select can Enriching Selenium custard squash new product section, significantly improve the Se content in custard squash pulp.

To achieve these goals, the selection of a kind of rich selenium pumpkin variety of the present invention is characterized in that: realized by following technical scheme:

One, selected female parent is that floral leaf custard squash * nothing is planted skin custard squash Offspring F1, with F1 continuous 4 generation individual plant selfing, per generation identifies by Determination of Selenium and field natural resistance, directive breeding obtains the Enriching Selenium Pumpkin Inbred Lines of botany dimensionally stable; Its index of quality reaches: in custard squash pulp, moisture 89.59%, total sugar content 7.27g, carotin 43mg/100g (fresh weight), Se content 0.0893mg/kg (fresh weight);

Field natural resistance identification of indicator reaches high resistance (HR) to resisting (R): virus disease disease index 11.1, black spot disease index 5.6;

Botany dimensionally stable and reaching: the plant strain growth gesture is strong, fast growth, and ripe property is early, can bloom in about 50 days after general field planting, the blade face is green, without white piebald, leaf area is 30 * 35cm, climing long 1.6m, main climing result is main, it is 7～9 joints that the first female flower saves the position, melon type calabash shaped, seed celadon, color of the leather are green white alternate little piebald, about the heavy 0.5kg of single melon;

Two, hybrid seed production:

1. seeding and seedling raising: male parent should be than maternal one week of early sowing, and Parent is sowed at respectively in seedling bed, and date of seeding is generally in previous month of local late frost phase left and right, perhaps in the direct outdoor sowing of late frost after date;

2. field planting: after late frost, when 3～4 true leaves of seedling tool, press 2.5 meters～3.0 meters of line-spacings, 0.45 meter～0.50 meter field planting of spacing in the rows, the ratio of Parent is 1: 3, perhaps in the ratio of 1: 3, father, maternal piecemeal is planted;

3. Parent plant purity test and management: before from the field planting to the flowering stage, according to father, maternal strain shape, leaf look, the characteristic feature such as leaf, the strict selection in time pulled out hybrid strain and suspicious strain, and removes male flower bud on female parent and the female flower bud on male parent;

4. hybridization pollination: fetch male flower from paternal plant, remove petal, expose stamen, then select the maternal female flower of the rhythm of blooming the same day, take down the embroider thing, stamen is smeared on gynoecium gently, row ties female flower more afterwards, simultaneously listing mark on female anthocaulus; Pollination is in time pulled out male parent after finishing, and makes to keep 2～3 pollination female flowers on every female parent;

5. gather and collect seed: rear 40～45 days of pollination, fruit begins painted maturation, fruit shape, big or small color are different because of kind, note real this kind feature that meets of institute's fruit picking when gathering, do not receive assorted fruit, suspicious fruit and unmarked fruit, the last gathering 10～15 days, cut melon pulp, seed collecting, rinsing, dry and namely obtain hybrid seed.

The selection of a kind of rich selenium pumpkin variety of the present invention, its beneficial effect is: the kind of seed selection has reached the breeding objective that utilizes the custard squash Enriching Selenium.This kind botany characteristic performance growth potential is strong, fast growth, and ripe property is early, bloomed in 55 days after general field planting, the blade face is green, without white piebald, leaf area 25 * 30cm, climing long 1.6m, main climing knot melon is main, lateral bine is more flourishing, it is 7～9 joints that the first female flower saves the position, the melon type is high oblate, and the melon skin look is green white alternate piebald, and single melon weighs 0.5～1.0 kilogram; Fruit quality: moisture 89.59%, total sugar content 7.27g, carotin 43mg/100g (fresh weight), Se content 0.0893mg/kg (fresh weight); The present invention selects high-quality, how anti-material formulation newly to make up, and in selective enrichment selenium proterties, takes into account other quality traits and disease resistance, more meets need of production and consumption demand.

Embodiment

Following examples are that the present invention elaborates.

Embodiment 1

One, selected female parent is that floral leaf custard squash * nothing is planted skin custard squash Offspring F1, with F1 continuous 4 generation individual plant selfing, per generation identifies by Determination of Selenium and field natural resistance, directive breeding obtains the Enriching Selenium Pumpkin Inbred Lines of botany dimensionally stable;

1. bloomed in 50 days after field planting, the blade face is green, and without white piebald, leaf area is 30 * 35cm, climing long 1.6m, and main climing result is main, the first female flower joint position is the 7th joint, melon type calabash shaped, the seed celadon, color of the leather is green white alternate little piebald, single melon weighs 0.6kg;

Two, hybrid seed production:

1. seeding and seedling raising: male parent should be than maternal one week of early sowing, and Parent is sowed at respectively in seedling bed, and date of seeding is generally in previous month of local late frost phase left and right, perhaps in the direct outdoor sowing of late frost after date;

2. field planting: after late frost, when 3 true leaves of seedling tool, press 2.5 meters of line-spacings, 0.45 meter field planting of spacing in the rows, the ratio of Parent be 1: 3 with the plantation of father, maternal piecemeal;

3. Parent plant purity test and management: before from the field planting to the flowering stage, according to father, maternal strain shape, leaf look, the characteristic feature such as leaf, the strict selection in time pulled out hybrid strain and suspicious strain, and removes male flower bud on female parent and the female flower bud on male parent;

4. hybridization pollination: fetch male flower from paternal plant, remove petal, expose stamen, then select the maternal female flower of the rhythm of blooming the same day, take down the embroider thing, stamen is smeared on gynoecium gently, row ties female flower more afterwards, simultaneously listing mark on female anthocaulus; Pollination is in time pulled out male parent after finishing, and makes to keep 2～3 pollination female flowers on every female parent;

5. gather and collect seed: pollinated rear 43 days, fruit begins painted maturation, fruit shape, big or small color are different because of kind, note real this kind feature that meets of institute's fruit picking when gathering, do not receive assorted fruit, suspicious fruit and unmarked fruit, gathered rear 15 days, and cut melon pulp, seed collecting, rinsing, dry and namely obtain hybrid seed.

Claims (1)

1. the selection of a rich selenium pumpkin variety, it is characterized in that: selected female parent is that floral leaf custard squash * nothing is planted skin custard squash Offspring F1, with F1 continuous 4 generation individual plant selfing, in per generation, identified by Determination of Selenium and field natural resistance, the Enriching Selenium Pumpkin Inbred Lines of directive breeding acquisition botany dimensionally stable.