CN114793880A - Breeding method of precocious high-yield high-oil high-bolting-resistance oil dual-purpose rape oil moss 928 - Google Patents
Breeding method of precocious high-yield high-oil high-bolting-resistance oil dual-purpose rape oil moss 928 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114793880A CN114793880A CN202210058881.7A CN202210058881A CN114793880A CN 114793880 A CN114793880 A CN 114793880A CN 202210058881 A CN202210058881 A CN 202210058881A CN 114793880 A CN114793880 A CN 114793880A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
- A01H1/021—Methods of breeding using interspecific crosses, i.e. interspecies crosses
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of crop breeding, and particularly relates to a breeding method of a precocious high-yield high-oil high-bolting-resistance oil dual-purpose rape oil moss 928. The invention selects sterile line 168A as female parent, self-selects restoring line 927 with crisp and sweet taste, early development and strong resistance as male parent to perform hybridization, and obtains new species oil moss 928 with early development, crisp and sweet taste, good lodging resistance, disease resistance and cold resistance, high yield of the flowering Chinese cabbage and the rapeseed, low oil content and high oil content through directional screening. Compared with the traditional rape variety, the new rape variety oil moss 928 bred by the invention has better earliness, the flowering Chinese cabbage is brought into the market for 30 days earlier, the maturity period of the rapeseeds after the flowering Chinese cabbage is picked is equivalent to that of the traditional rape, the production of the later season crops is not influenced, the yield of the flowering Chinese cabbage, the rapeseeds and the rape oil is increased, the quality and the efficiency of the rape oil are improved, the new rape variety oil moss has higher fructose content than the traditional rape variety, is crisp and sweet in taste and is deeply loved by consumers, the single oil function of the traditional rape is broken through, and the planting benefit of the rape is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of crop breeding, and particularly relates to a breeding method of a precocious high-yield high-oil high-bolting-resistance oil dual-purpose rape oil moss 928.
Background
In order to improve the planting benefit of rape, the technical research of rape 'one-vegetable dual-purpose' has been carried out in the prior art, namely, rape bolts are picked once in the rape bolt period, and rape seeds are harvested in the later period. However, in the existing research, cultivation technology research is mainly used basically, the related varieties are basically traditional oil varieties, and the research on the dual-purpose varieties of the bolting oil is very little. The following technical problems exist when the traditional oil product seeds are used as the dual-purpose varieties of the bolting oil: firstly, the taste of the flowering Chinese cabbage is poor, and the flowering Chinese cabbage is concentrated in the market; secondly, the growth is delayed, the growth period of the rapes is prolonged after the picking of the flowering Chinese cabbage, the production of crops in the next season is influenced, and the seeds are not full due to high-temperature maturity after the picking of the flowering Chinese cabbage, so that the yield, the oil yield and the oil quality are influenced; thirdly, the branch is less after the variety is picked from the bolt, the wound causes sclerotinia rot of rape, and the yield of rape seeds is seriously reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a breeding method of an early-maturing high-yield high-oil high-bolting-resistance oil dual-purpose rape seed oil moss 928, which can solve the problems of poor taste of the rape seed, low yield and poor quality of the rape seed oil, and the bred new variety of the rape seed moss 928 realizes the three-harvest of the yield of the rape seed, the rape seed and the rape oil and the quality and efficiency improvement of the rape seed oil, and improves the planting benefit of the rape.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the breeding method of the precocious high-yield high-oil high-bolting-resistance oil dual-purpose rape oil moss 928 comprises the following specific steps:
(1)F 0 and (3) hybridization: selecting sterile line 168A as female parent, and self-selecting restoring line 927 with crisp and sweet taste, early development and strong resistance as male parent to make hybridization so as to obtain F1 generation seed;
the restoring line 927 is obtained by hybridizing the Zhongshuang No. 11 female parent and the early-maturing new line P4 male parent and performing continuous multi-generation selfing directional breeding;
the precocious new strain P4 is formed by hybridizing a new strain P4 by taking Hui 5 as a female parent and taking Zhongshuang No. 6 as a male parent and then carrying out directional selection for 6 continuous generations;
(2) planting the F1 generation seeds, carrying out combined identification, and selecting the detection of the growing period, the taste, the regeneration capacity, the resistance, the yield and the indoor quality, wherein the combination 168A multiplied 927 has the characteristics of early development, crisp and sweet taste, good lodging resistance, cold resistance, high yield of the flowering Chinese cabbage and the rapeseed, low oil content and high oil content, and the combination 168A multiplied 927 is the variety of the oil moss 928.
In the step (2), the growth period is selected by respectively recording the sowing period, the seedling emergence period, the bud period, the bolting period of the main bolt and the maturation period of each combination; selecting the taste of the flowering Chinese cabbage by a method combining field tasting and stir-frying tasting; screening combinations with strong regeneration capacity by counting the number of commercial bolting roots of 20 continuous plants in each combination; the resistance of the rape bolts is selected through the investigation of lodging resistance, disease resistance and cold resistance; counting the actual yield of the commercial bolting and rapeseed, and selecting the yield of the bolting; and selecting the combination of the two low and high oils through indoor quality detection.
The sterile line 168A is formed by test cross, backcross and intraline pair brother-sister cross breeding by taking a sterile strain (Y10A) in the oil research No. 10 and a double low rape strain H6 (R31/Zhongshuang No. 4) as materials, and is approved by main crop varieties in Hunan province in 2012, and the approved number is Hunan cen oil 2012007.
The restoring line 927 is formed by hybridizing and carrying out continuous multi-generation selfing oriented breeding by taking Zhongshuang No. 11 (national audit oil 2008030) bred by the Chinese oil crop research institute as a female parent and an early-maturing new line P4 as a male parent. Wherein P4 is obtained by hybridizing the male parent Hui 5 of Xiang miscellaneous oil No. 3 (Xiang quality inspection No. 317) bred by the agricultural science research institute of Changde city, and Zhongshuang No. 6 (national inspection oil 2003027) bred by the Chinese oil crop research institute, and performing continuous 6-generation directional selection.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
compared with the traditional rape variety, the new rape variety oil moss 928 bred by the invention has better earliness, the flowering Chinese cabbage is brought into the market for 30 days earlier, the maturity period of the rapeseeds after the flowering Chinese cabbage is picked is equivalent to that of the traditional rape, the production of the later season crops is not influenced, the yield of the flowering Chinese cabbage, the rapeseeds and the rape oil is increased, the quality and the efficiency of the rape oil are improved, the new rape variety oil moss has higher fructose content than the traditional rape variety, is crisp and sweet in taste and is deeply loved by consumers, the single oil function of the traditional rape is broken through, and the planting benefit of the rape is improved. The two purposes of the flower stalk and the oil are generally only required to pick the main flower stalk, so the thickness of the main flower stalk and the weight of a single flower stalk are important indexes for determining the yield of the flower stalk, the branching capacity, the lodging resistance and the disease resistance are important indexes for determining the yield of the rapeseed, and the oil content of the yellow seeds is an important index for determining the yield and the quality of the rape oil. The yield of the rape bolts per mu of the oil moss 928 is increased by 150 kilograms compared with that of the traditional rape, and the income per mu is increased by 400-600 yuan; compared with the traditional rape which increases the efficiency by 100-.
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FIG. 1 shows a 927 pedigree of breeding.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
EXAMPLE 1 Breeding of restorer line 927
(1) Breeding targets: the taste is crisp and sweet, the development is early and the resistance is strong.
(2) The breeding process comprises the following steps: the method is characterized by using Zhongshuang No. 11 (national oil 2008030) bred by the Chinese oil crop research institute as a female parent and an early-maturing new strain P4 as a male parent to perform hybridization and continuous multi-generation selfing oriented breeding. Wherein P4 is obtained by hybridizing the male parent Hui 5 of Xiang miscellaneous oil No. 3 (Xiang quality inspection No. 317) bred by the agricultural science research institute of Changde city, and Zhongshuang No. 6 (national inspection oil 2003027) bred by the Chinese oil crop research institute, and performing continuous 6-generation directional selection.
The specific breeding process of the restorer line 927 is as follows:
f0: in spring of 2012, the male parent of Zhongshuang No. 11 and the male parent of P4 were hybridized.
F1: in the spring of 2013, 10 plants were bagged in the F1 generation and mixed after harvesting.
F2: in 2013 summer, sowing the mixed seeds of the previous generation, planting 300 plants, selecting 11 single plants which are early in bolting, good in moss palatability, thick and strong in moss, good in cold resistance and disease resistance, and good in plant leaf type, bagging, and harvesting after maturing.
F3: in autumn of 2013, 11 selected plants in the previous generation are planted into plant rows by single plants, 7 early moss plant rows are selected, single plants meeting the target characters are selected from the 7 early moss plant rows respectively and then bagged, and 18 single plants are selected.
F4: in summer of 2014, 18 selected plants in the previous generation are individually planted into plant rows, 3 plant rows which meet the target character and have high uniformity are selected, individual plant selection is carried out in the selected plant rows, and the plants are harvested and mixed in the individual plant rows after being matured.
F5: in spring 2015, after the individual selection of 3 strains (925, 927 and 929) selected in the previous generation, the strains are divided and reserved.
F6: during summer 2015, the same method is continuously adopted for stabilization.
Compared with strains in 2015-2016, 927 is early-maturing, crisp and sweet in taste, and strong in disease resistance, disease resistance and cold resistance. And breeding a premature new line 927.
927 the breeding pedigree is shown in FIG. 1:
EXAMPLE 2 Breeding of oil moss 928
The sterile line 168A is formed by test cross, backcross and intraline pair brother-sister cross breeding of sterile strains (Y10A) in oil research No. 10 and double low rape strains H6 (R31/Zhongshuang No. 4) serving as materials, and is examined and numbered as Hunan oil 2012007 by main crop varieties in Hunan province in 2012.
In 2016, a sterile line 168A and a restoring line 927 are prepared for hybridization combination in spring, in 2016, combination identification is carried out in 2017, the sowing period, the seedling emergence period, the bud emergence period, the bolting period and the mature period of each combination are respectively recorded, and the selection of the growth period is carried out; selecting the taste of the flowering Chinese cabbage by a method combining field tasting and stir-frying tasting; screening combinations with strong regeneration capacity by counting the number of commercial bolting roots of 20 continuous plants in each combination; the resistance condition of each combination is known through the investigation of lodging resistance, disease resistance and cold resistance; counting the actual output of the commercial bolting and rapeseed; and selecting the combination of the two low and high oils through indoor quality detection. By combining the selection, the sterile line 168A and the restorer line 927 are prepared and hybridized, and the hybrid rice has the advantages of early development, crisp and sweet taste, good lodging resistance, disease resistance and cold resistance, high yield of the flowering Chinese cabbage and the rapeseed, low yield, high oil content and the like.
In order to further understand the combination characteristics of 168A multiplied by 927 (referred to as oil moss 928) in 2017 and 2018, rape variety comparison tests for the bolting are respectively arranged in five markets of Hunan province, the average yield of the bolting commodity in five markets of 2017 and 2018 is 1371.75 kg, and the average yield of the bolting commodity is 109.00 kg; the average yield of five-point commercial bolting in 2018 and 2019 years is 1394.89 kg, and the average yield of rape seeds is 109.93 kg.
Claims (2)
1. A breeding method of a precocious high-yield high-oil high-bolting-resistance oil dual-purpose rape oil moss 928 is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1)F 0 and (3) hybridization: selecting sterile line 168A as female parent, and hybridizing with self-selected restoring line 927 with crisp and sweet taste, early development and strong resistance as male parent to obtain F1 generation seed;
the restoring line 927 is obtained by hybridizing the Zhongshuang No. 11 female parent and the early-maturing new line P4 male parent and performing continuous multi-generation selfing directional breeding;
the precocious new strain P4 is formed by hybridizing a new strain P4 by taking Hui 5 as a female parent and taking Zhongshuang No. 6 as a male parent and then carrying out directional selection for 6 continuous generations;
(2) planting the F1 generation seeds, carrying out combination identification, and selecting the detection of the growing period, the taste, the regeneration capacity, the resistance, the yield and the indoor quality, wherein the combination 168A multiplied by 927 has the characteristics of early development, crisp and sweet taste, good lodging resistance, cold resistance, high yield of the flowering Chinese cabbage and the rapeseed, low oil content and high oil content, and the variety of the oil moss 928 is obtained.
2. The breeding method of the precocious high-yield high-oil and high-bolting-resistance oil dual-purpose rape oil moss 928 as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the selection of the growth period is carried out by respectively recording the sowing period, the emergence period, the bud period, the bolting period of the main bolt and the maturation period of each combination; selecting the taste of the flowering Chinese cabbage by a method combining field tasting and stir-frying tasting; screening combinations with strong regeneration capacity by counting the number of commercial bolting roots of 20 continuous plants in each combination; the resistance of the rape bolts is selected through the investigation of lodging resistance, disease resistance and cold resistance; counting the actual yield of the commercial bolting and rapeseed, and selecting the yield of the bolting; and selecting the combination of the two low and high oils through indoor quality detection.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114145225A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2022-03-08 | 常德市农林科学研究院 | Breeding method of early-maturing high-yield leaflet wax-free powder rape bolt normal fragrant moss 502 |
| CN114145227A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2022-03-08 | 常德市农林科学研究院 | Breeding method of new rape variety oil moss 929 for precocious high-yield flowering cabbage |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114145225A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2022-03-08 | 常德市农林科学研究院 | Breeding method of early-maturing high-yield leaflet wax-free powder rape bolt normal fragrant moss 502 |
| CN114145227A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2022-03-08 | 常德市农林科学研究院 | Breeding method of new rape variety oil moss 929 for precocious high-yield flowering cabbage |
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