CN103283587B - Selective breeding and propagating method of ecological type sterile line of yellow-sprout capsicum - Google Patents
Selective breeding and propagating method of ecological type sterile line of yellow-sprout capsicum Download PDFInfo
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- CN103283587B CN103283587B CN201310211281.0A CN201310211281A CN103283587B CN 103283587 B CN103283587 B CN 103283587B CN 201310211281 A CN201310211281 A CN 201310211281A CN 103283587 B CN103283587 B CN 103283587B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a selective breeding and propagating method of a plant, particularly relates to a selective breeding and propagating method of a capsicum, belonging to the technical field of plant breeding. Compared with the existing selective breeding technology of a male sterile line of a capsicum, the method has the advantages that the breeding procedure is simple and convenient, the breeding target character and procedure are controllable, the sterile plant rate and the sterile degree are high, and the breeding efficiency is enhanced. A new approach is developed for capsicum heterosis utilization, selective breeding of a leaf color marked sterile line, rapid purity identification of hybrid F1-generation seeds, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to seed selection and the mating system of a Plants, the seed selection of especially a kind of capsicum and mating system, belong to field of plant variety breeding technology.
Background technology
Research shows, capsicum variety species hybrid also exists obvious hybrid vigour.The approach of Pepper hybrid advantage is utilized to have artificial emasculation interspecific cross, double cross hybrid, triple hybrid and male sterile line (male sterile two-purpose line hybrid seeding, the cytoplasmic male sterile line production of hybrid seeds) production of hybrid seeds, the chemical gametocide production of hybrid seeds.Wherein, there is environmental pollution and the shortcoming such as hybrid purity is not high in the chemical gametocide production of hybrid seeds, therefore, worldwide main with artificial emasculation and the male sterile line production of hybrid seeds.The shortcoming of artificial emasculation is: the stamen will removing maternal bud during the production of hybrid seeds, and work consuming is time-consuming, simultaneously because emasculation is not thorough, affects hybrid purity, brings the risk of production.The advantage of dual-purpose Ms line in pepper hybrid seeding is that sterility is very stable, when shortcoming is the initial bloom stage of the production of hybrid seeds, need the fertile plant removing 50% in seed farm, cause maternal sowing area and transplant all corresponding expansion 50% of area, add breeding cost, reduce hybrid seed yield, there is fertile plant simultaneously and remove not thorough, affect hybrid purity, bring the shortcoming of production risk.Based on above-mentioned shortcoming, the cytoplasmic male sterile line production of hybrid seeds becomes the emphasis of the Pepper hybrid production of hybrid seeds.At present, adopt the cytoplasmic male sterile line open country natural crossing production of hybrid seeds, but, natural crossing hybrid seed yield is low, and some male sterile lines that can produce minute quantity pollen may issue in the effect of insect and are conigenous friendship, affect hybrid purity, therefore adopt the artificial hybridization production of hybrid seeds, improve hybrid purity at bud pollination, basic production can go out satisfactory hybrid seed.However, in actual production, due to hybridization purity will be improved as much as possible, adopt bud pollination, add the recruitment of artificial supplementary pollination equally, and the efficiency that efficiency was directly pollinated lower than the florescence, and the qualification work of hybrid purity (60-75d) consuming time, extremely take a lot of work.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the defect existed for prior art, propose selection and the mating system of the environmental male sterile line of the yellow capsicum of a kind of bud, simplify the procedure of breeding, improve purity of hybrid.
The present invention is technical solution problem by the following technical programs: the selection of the yellow capsicum ecological male sterile line of a kind of bud, comprises the following steps:
Step one, with the yellow capsicum cytoplasmic male sterile line 140-6A of bud, 140-2A, 140-8A for female parent, green seedling capsicum is that male parent is hybridized, and obtain crossbreed generation F1, various combination is numbered respectively;
Step 2, by after described first-filial generation F1 planted in fall, select fertile plant or part fertile plant selfing to obtain selfed seed F2, different strain is numbered respectively;
Step 3, described F2 seed is divided into two parts, sow in spring respectively and autumn sowing, to sow in spring a F2 seed, eliminate green seedling, leaf colour band is selected to have bud Huang mark sterile plant rate >=50%, and range estimation and pollen microscopic examination identify that its sterile degree is the numbering seed of 100%, reference numeral F2 seed is sowed in the fall, select can educate or part fertile plant with bud Huang mark by range estimation and pollen microscopic examination, by described with bud Huang mark educate or part fertile plant carries out selfing numbering respectively, obtain bud yellow labeled species F3 seed;
Step 4, described bud yellow labeled species F3 seed is divided into two parts, sow in spring respectively and autumn sowing, the spring sowing individual plant florescence identifies its sterility by range estimation and pollen microscopic examination, filter out the seed numbering of performance sterile plant rate 100% and sterile degree 100%, reference numeral another part of seed autumn sowing, the florescence identifies its fertility by range estimation and pollen microscopic examination, obtains fertile plant seed, carry out artificial supplementary pollination selfing, obtain yellow flag F 4 seed of bud;
The process of step 5, repetition step 4, finally obtain spring sowing sterile plant rate 100% and sterile degree 100%, the environmental male-sterile seed of the yellow capsicum of bud of autumn sowing fertile plant 100%, the environmental male-sterile seed of the yellow capsicum of bud of gained autumn sowing fertile plant 100% is the environmental male sterile line of the yellow capsicum of bud, by male sterile line, maintainer two be, becoming one is, namely one is dual-purpose.
Described green seedling capsicum is the capsicum former mutation var.annuum type in Capsicum annuum L. type.
The environmental male sterile line mating system of the yellow capsicum of above-mentioned bud and first generation of hybrid mating system, comprise the following steps:
Step one, environmental for yellow for described bud capsicum sterile lying in be sowed in autumn under artificial isolation or natural cover for defense isolation condition, after seed maturity, gather in the crops dual purpose lines seed;
Step 2, sowed spring by environmental for yellow for the bud of results capsicum male-sterile seed, be male sterile line, seed that planted in fall is gathered in the crops is maintainer;
The environmental male sterile line of the yellow capsicum of bud of above institute seed selection is male sterile line, sowing in spring, is also maintainer, breeding in autumn; The environmental male sterile line of the yellow capsicum of bud is bred in the fall under isolation condition, carries out selection cross in spring under condition.
Described artificial isolation is the order grenadine isolation of employing 20 order ~ 40, and described natural cover for defense isolation is the isolation of space length more than 10 meters.
In described step one, the bud of the environmental male sterile line of the yellow capsicum of bud is bloomed the mode of carrying out artificial supplementary pollination the same day immediately or adopting isolation, Post flowering spontaneous pollination, and the seed of acquisition is the environmental male sterile line of the yellow capsicum of bud.
The seed selection of environmental its restorer of male sterile line of the yellow capsicum of bud, select and there is its Restore gene material and hybridize with the material of objective trait (economical character such as fruit shape, plant type etc.), be separated in its offspring and meet target and the selfing material with Restore gene (property); The breeding of restorer adopts selfing and is that interior brother and sister hand over.
Described method adopts bud Huang mark to combine with the ecotype is sterile, and seed selection, with the environmental male sterile line of bud Huang mark, carries out seed selection and the breeding of the yellow environmental male sterile line of bud, the production first generation of hybrid.
The present invention selects capsicum same type cytoplasm male sterility line, by traditional cytoplasm male sterility line, (two are, male sterile line and maintainer) innovation is the yellow environmental male sterile line of bud (with leaf colour marker proterties, and to be one be, be male sterile line be also maintainer).Utilize the stealthy leaf colour marker of the environmental male sterile line of the yellow capsicum of bud, can identify rapidly its purity, improve breeding efficiency, its advantage is:
1, original cytoplasm male sterility line (male sterile line, maintainer) is become environmental male sterile line (is, be male sterile line be also maintainer), the original cytoplasm male sterility line of its seed selection period ratio can shorten about 1 ~ 2 year.
2, the environmental male sterile line of the yellow capsicum of the bud of institute's seed selection has the yellow mark property of obvious bud.
3, the environmental male sterile line procedure of breeding of the yellow capsicum of bud is simpler than original cytoplasm male sterility line procedure of breeding.
4, the environmental sterile line propagation of the yellow capsicum of bud is simpler than original cytoplasm male sterility line breeding, and (10d) can identify its purity rapidly.
5, the yellow capsicum of bud environmental its Hybrid seed purity test time of male sterile line more original cytoplasm male sterility line Hybrid seed purity test time can shorten more than 50d.
Compare with existing male sterile line chilli seedling breeding technique, it is easy that the present invention has the procedure of breeding, Breeding objective and program controlled, breeding cycle shorten, breeding efficiency improve.For Pepper hybrid use of advantage, leaf colour marker sterile line breeding, first familiar generation seed purity Rapid identification etc. have opened up new way.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the Breeding Process schematic diagram of the environmental male sterile line of the yellow capsicum of bud.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment environmental male sterile line LY77AB of the yellow capsicum of seed selection bud by the following method
LY77AB:L represents goat's horn green pepper, and y represents bud Huang, and 77 represent original strain numbering, and A represents male sterile line (A), and B represents maintainer (B), and it be change one is (AB) that AB represents two.
Spring in 2008 hybridizes with Ly goat's horn capsicum for maternal with the yellow capsicum cytoplasmic male sterile line 140-6A of bud, obtains the first generation of hybrid (F1).
Autumn in 2008, by the first generation of hybrid (F1), at Zhenjiang planted in fall, therefrom select autumn and partly can educate or fertile plant, selfing obtains F2 generation, and different strain is numbered respectively, and seed is divided into two.
In F2 generation, is sowed by spring in 2009 and autumn respectively, select the seed (being numbered LY77) with bud Huang mark sterile plant rate >=50% and sterile degree 100% in Zhangye, Gansu spring, Zhenjiang planted in fall, selection is with bud Huang mark and performance part can be educated or complete fertile plant, artificial pollination selfing, obtains the yellow flag F 3 generation seed of bud and is divided into two.
Within 2010, sowed in spring by F3 for Zhangye, seed Gansu, the individual plant florescence identifies its sterility (sow in spring sterile rate 100% and sterile degree 100%, autumn sowing fertile plant 100%), thorough complete sterile strain will reserve seed in Zhenjiang, Jiangsu autumn sowing under spring sowing condition; Autumn sowing is showed individual plant part fertile plant, selfing or artificial supplementary pollination selfing, obtain bud yellow flag F 4 generation, different strain is numbered respectively, and seed is divided into two.
Within 2011, for same processing method, in F4 generation, is selected according to F3, obtain F5.
Spring in 2012, in field, the qualifications such as economical character, economic characters, disease resistance, purity are carried out, sterile rate of sowing in spring and sterile degree 100% to F5 generation, autumn sowing fertile plant 100%, without bad economical character, purity 100%, seed selection is sprouted the environmental male sterile line of yellow capsicum, called after LY77AB.
The mating system of the environmental male sterile line of the yellow capsicum of above-mentioned bud, comprises the following steps:
Step one, by the environmental male sterile line LY77AB of yellow for described bud capsicum, in sowing in autumn in artificial isolation, (grenadine is isolated, 20 order ~ 40 order grenadines) or the natural cover for defense isolation (space length is more than 100 meters) condition under, after seed maturity, gather in the crops dual purpose lines seed;
Step 2, yellow for the bud of results dual-purpose Ms line in pepper LY77AB to be sowed spring, be male sterile line;
In described step one, the bud of bud yellow capsicum cytoplasmic male sterility dual purpose lines is bloomed and was carried out artificial pollination (or Post flowering spontaneous pollination) same day immediately.
The environmental male sterile line hybrid production process of the yellow capsicum of step 3, bud the environmental male sterile line of yellow for bud capsicum and restorer (male parent) is sowed respectively in 4:1 ratio under sowing condition in spring, when dual purpose lines, restorer are bloomed, gather restorer pollen directly to pollinate in dual purpose lines, during seed maturity, on dual purpose lines, results hybridize F1 seed.
Hybrid seed purity rapid identification method:
Bud yellow capsicum F1 generation hybrid seed is first put into 25-35 DEG C of warm water soak 6 ~ 12 hours, then put into germinating box 28 DEG C of vernalization, after seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, namely sow at germinating bed, germinating bed temperature at night is at 16 ~ 18 DEG C, day temperature is at 28 ~ 30 DEG C, seed is emerged in 3 days (72h) left and right, illumination at once (sunshine) after seed sprouting, 2-3 days after emerging, after cotyledon is open and flat, starts to count growth of cereal crop seedlings condition, purity=(green seedling number/sowing seed number) × 100%, occurs that yellow seedling is pseudostationary (female parent).The results are shown in Table 1:
Table 1 hybrid seed qualification result table
Compared with conventional method, seed production efficiency of the present invention is higher, the results are shown in Table 2:
Table 2 seed production efficiency and conventional method contrast table
Embodiment two
The method of the present embodiment is identical with embodiment one, and difference is with the yellow capsicum cytoplasmic male sterile line 140-2A of bud as female parent.Testing result is see table 1 and table 2.
Embodiment three
The method of the present embodiment is identical with embodiment one, and difference is with the yellow capsicum cytoplasmic male sterile line 140-8A of bud as female parent.Testing result is see table 1 and table 2.
Except above-mentioned enforcement, the present invention can also have other embodiments.All employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent transformation formation, all drop on the protection domain of application claims.
Claims (6)
1. a selection for the environmental male sterile line of the yellow capsicum of bud, comprises the following steps:
Step one, with the yellow capsicum cytoplasmic male sterile line 140-6A of bud, 140-2A, 140-8A for female parent, green seedling capsicum is that male parent is hybridized, and obtain crossbreed generation F1, various combination is numbered respectively;
Step 2, by after described first-filial generation F1 planted in fall, select fertile plant or part fertile plant selfing to obtain selfed seed F2, different strain is numbered respectively;
Step 3, described F2 seed is divided into two parts, sow in spring respectively and autumn sowing, to sow in spring a F2 seed, eliminate green seedling, leaf colour band is selected to have sterile plant rate >=50% of bud Huang mark, and range estimation and pollen microscopic examination identify that its sterile degree is the seed of 100%, reference numeral F2 seed is sowed in the fall, educating or part fertile plant with bud Huang mark is selected by range estimation and pollen microscopic examination, by described with bud Huang mark educate or part fertile plant carries out selfing numbering respectively, obtain bud yellow labeled species F3 seed;
Step 4, described bud yellow labeled species F3 seed is divided into two parts, sow in spring respectively and autumn sowing, the spring sowing individual plant florescence identifies its sterility by range estimation and pollen microscopic examination, the seed filtering out performance sterile plant rate 100% and sterile degree 100% is numbered, reference numeral another part of seed autumn sowing, the florescence identifies its fertility by range estimation and pollen microscopic examination, obtains fertile plant seed, carry out artificial supplementary pollination selfing, obtain yellow flag F 4 seed of bud;
Step 5, repetition step 4 sow in spring and autumn sowing, finally obtain spring sowing sterile plant rate 100% and sterile degree 100%, the environmental male-sterile seed of the yellow capsicum of bud of autumn sowing fertile plant 100%, the environmental male-sterile seed of the yellow capsicum of bud of gained autumn sowing fertile plant 100% is the environmental male sterile line of the yellow capsicum of bud, by male sterile line, maintainer two be, becoming one is, namely one is dual-purpose.
2. the selection of the environmental male sterile line of the yellow capsicum of bud according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described green seedling capsicum is the capsicum former mutation var. annuum type in Capsicum annuum L. type.
3. the selection of the environmental male sterile line of the yellow capsicum of bud according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of:
Step 6, environmental for yellow for described bud capsicum sterile lying in be sowed in autumn under artificial isolation or natural cover for defense isolation condition, after seed maturity, gather in the crops dual purpose lines seed;
Step 7, sowed spring by environmental for yellow for the bud of results capsicum male-sterile seed, be male sterile line, seed that planted in fall is gathered in the crops is maintainer.
4. the selection of the environmental male sterile line of the yellow capsicum of bud according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the environmental male sterile line of the yellow capsicum of bud of institute's seed selection is male sterile line, sowing in spring, is also maintainer, breeding in autumn; The environmental male sterile line of the yellow capsicum of bud is bred in the fall under isolation condition, carries out selection cross in spring under condition.
5. the selection of the environmental male sterile line of the yellow capsicum of bud according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described artificial isolation is the order grenadine isolation of employing 20 order ~ 40, and described natural cover for defense isolation is the isolation of space length more than 10 meters.
6. the selection of the environmental male sterile line of the yellow capsicum of bud according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: in described step 6, the bud of the environmental male sterile line of the yellow capsicum of bud is bloomed the mode of carrying out artificial supplementary pollination the same day immediately or adopting isolation, Post flowering spontaneous pollination, and the seed of acquisition is the environmental male sterile line of the yellow capsicum of bud.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105875226A (en) * | 2016-04-17 | 2016-08-24 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Method for identifying fertility stability of cytoplasmic male sterile lines and hybrids of soybeans |
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| CN104206266A (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2014-12-17 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | Method for rapidly screening restorer of pepper yellow sprout cytoplasm male sterile line |
| CN105075855B (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2017-11-28 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | The selection of one seed bud yellow pepper cytoplasmic male sterilty restorer |
| CN112106648B (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2021-08-27 | 湖南省蔬菜研究所 | Method for backcrossing and transforming spicy/sweet pepper dual-purpose line |
| CN112106647A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-12-22 | 湖南省蔬菜研究所 | Breeding method of spicy/sweet pepper dual-purpose line |
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| CN102415332B (en) * | 2011-09-29 | 2013-08-28 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Breeding method of yellow bud marker photosensitive male sterile line |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105875226A (en) * | 2016-04-17 | 2016-08-24 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Method for identifying fertility stability of cytoplasmic male sterile lines and hybrids of soybeans |
| CN105875226B (en) * | 2016-04-17 | 2019-02-01 | 吉林省农业科学院 | The method for identifying soya cells matter male sterile line and cenospecies fertility stability |
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