CN107593435B - The identification of strong cold-resistant Chinese cabbage type winter rape study on temperature sensitive male sterility mutant and screening technique - Google Patents
The identification of strong cold-resistant Chinese cabbage type winter rape study on temperature sensitive male sterility mutant and screening technique Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to winter rape breeding technical fields, and in particular to a kind of identification of strong cold-resistant Chinese cabbage type winter rape study on temperature sensitive male sterility mutant and screening technique.The present invention is on the basis of a set of cultivation management strictly regulated, specific breeding time in planted in different ecological areas carries out fertility screening and identification, it is handled using the artificial climate incubator of particular design, resulting sterile line male fertile result can accurately reflect the fertility characteristic of test sterile line.The present invention for China's Chinese cabbage type winter rape study on temperature sensitive male sterility mutant identification and screening technique provide key technology, have many advantages, such as it is easy to operate, reliability with work efficiency is high.The technical system of identification and screening suitable for different Chinese cabbage type winter rape study on temperature sensitive male sterility mutant.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to crop breeding fields, are related to a kind of strong cold-resistant Chinese cabbage type winter rape study on temperature sensitive male sterility mutant
Identification and screening technique.
Background technique
Chinese cabbage type winter rape has critical role in the production of northern cold dry land agriculture, it has resistance to lean, cold-resistant, precocity etc.
Characteristic, while northern winter-spring season vegetation degree of covering can be increased, ecological significance is very great.And it is mainly answered in the production of Chinese cabbage type winter rape
It is conventional variety with kind, yield potentiality is limited.Breeding cenospecies using hybrid vigour is to improve having for northern winter rape yield
Effect approach, and breeding male sterile line is the key that breeding cenospecies, utilizes hybrid vigour.
Cross rape production at present mainly utilizes cytoplasmic male sterility, is related to three series mating, the breeding of three systems with
Production of hybrid seeds program is cumbersome, and breeding cost is high.Temperature sensitive type male sterility makes hybrid vigour be reduced to two systems by three systems, and breeding, the production of hybrid seeds are not
It is restricted by Rescued virus, the procedure of breeding simplifies, and cross combination combo is free, easily acquisition influential point set.
Ecological infertility (environment sensitive type infertility) is a kind of special line with genic sterile type, and fertility is by external environmental condition
Regulation, mainly photoperiod and temperature.Male sterility is shown as under certain light and temperature condition, can be used for producing cenospecies；And
Fertility change is fertile under certain light and temperature condition, and then breeds sterile line.Environment sensitive type infertility can be such that male sterility hybridizes
Be changed into two systems kind by three systems, the advantage of Two-line hybrid is embodied in: can one be it is dual-purpose, avoid interminable hybrid seeding journey
Sequence, hybrid seed production cost reduce；It is not restricted by Rescued virus in " three systems " production of hybrid seeds program, is easy to expand breeding parent
Genetic diversity is easily found extensive Bao Yuan, convenient for increasing the success rate of influential point set screening.
The present invention is long the time required to making up traditional study on temperature sensitive male sterility screening, and the accuracy and determination rates of qualification result are low
The problem of, currently, Chinese cabbage type winter rape is screened using the ecotype and identification study on temperature sensitive male sterility mutant has not been reported.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems in background technology, the present invention provides one kind intuitively, fast and accurately
The Chinese cabbage type winter rape temperature sensing male of the ecotypic fertility of screening and identification Chinese cabbage type winter rape study on temperature sensitive male sterility mutant is not
Educate mutant identification and screening technique.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of identification of strong cold-resistant Chinese cabbage type winter rape study on temperature sensitive male sterility mutant and screening technique, it is characterised in that:
It the described method comprises the following steps:
1) by strong cold-resistant Chinese cabbage type winter rape seed autumn sowing, it is normal it is overwintering after plant when arriving flowering stage after turning green,
Day high temperature period field temperature carries out Fertility identification when being lower than 22 DEG C, and the mode of operation of the Fertility identification is to pull out sterile plant,
Leave fertile plant；
2) the aerial part 20-30cm toothing for the fertile plant for acquiring step 1), wipes out spray part above, allows it
Continued growth reblooms, and delays breeding time not less than 20 days, day high temperature period field temperature be not less than 28 DEG C in the case where into
Row Fertility identification screens and marks sterile plant, and the obtained sterile plant of screening is transplanted to High aititude and is cooled ecotope；The high sea
The height above sea level for the ecotope that cools is pulled out not less than 2200m；The High aititude cool ecotope environment temperature not higher than 22 DEG C；If transplanting
To High aititude cool ecotope sterile plant be converted to it is fertile, then transplant to High aititude cool ecotope sterile plant be fertility by
The environmental sterile plant that ecological factor variation influences, while being carried out in the High aititude plant that fertile ecotope screens that cools
Mutually pollination or artificial pollination obtain offspring；
3) offspring for obtaining step 2) carries out potting Fertility identification: potting seedling carries out 30 days at 4 DEG C of four leaf stage
After vernalization treatment, phjytotron is moved it within 10 days before flowering；The temperature of the phjytotron is 28 DEG C and 22 DEG C,
At 28 DEG C and 22 DEG C successively handle 7 days, observation of steps 2) gained offspring Sterility variation；If offspring obtained by step 2) is 28
DEG C when all show as infertility and all shown as at 22 DEG C fertile, then the fertility determined by step 2) is by ecology
The environmental sterile plant that factor variations influence is determined as environmental sterile plant.
The above method is after step 4) further include: 4) step 3) is determined that obtained environmental sterile plant is mutually pollinated
To seed.
The invention has the advantages that
The present invention provides a kind of strong cold-resistant Chinese cabbage type winter rape study on temperature sensitive male sterility mutant identification and screening techniques, are
A kind of method that Chinese cabbage type winter rape study on temperature sensitive male sterility mutant is screened and identified using planted in different ecological areas, by nature
Largely screened in group, it may be found that male sterile material identify, screen under different temperature environment conditions, in progeny material
In filter out stable temperature sensitive type male sterile two-purpose line, the present invention makes northern Chinese cabbage type winter rape utilize two line method hybrid seeding
It being possibly realized to improve northern Chinese cabbage type winter rape yield, temperature sensitive type male sterility recovery resource is extensive, cross combination freedom is assembled,
It is easier to obtain influential point set；As a result it is temperature sensing material infertility type determination, breeding suitable ecological regional choice processed, restores material
Material screen choosing, fertility transformation and the cultivation of new temperature sensing material, Juvenile stage and assemble etc. foundation be provided, have it is intuitive, quickly, it is accurate
Screening and identification Chinese cabbage type winter rape study on temperature sensitive male sterility mutant ecotypic fertility the advantages of.
Example is embodied
The principles and features of the present invention are described below, and the given examples are served only to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit
Determine the scope of the present invention.
The present invention provides a kind of identification of strong cold-resistant Chinese cabbage type winter rape study on temperature sensitive male sterility mutant and screening technique,
Method includes the following steps:
1) by strong cold-resistant Chinese cabbage type winter rape seed autumn sowing, it is normal it is overwintering after plant when arriving flowering stage after turning green,
Day high temperature period field temperature carries out Fertility identification when being lower than 22 DEG C, and the mode of operation of Fertility identification is to pull out sterile plant, is left
Fertile plant；
2) the aerial part 20-30cm toothing for the fertile plant for acquiring step 1), wipes out spray part above, allows it
Continued growth reblooms, and delays breeding time not less than 20 days, day high temperature period field temperature be not less than 28 DEG C in the case where into
Row Fertility identification screens and marks sterile plant, and the obtained sterile plant of screening is transplanted to High aititude and is cooled ecotope；High aititude is cold
The height above sea level of cool ecotope is not less than 2200m；High aititude cool ecotope environment temperature not higher than 22 DEG C；If transplanting to High aititude
Cool ecotope sterile plant be converted to it is fertile, then transplant to High aititude cool ecotope sterile plant be fertility by ecological factor
Change the environmental sterile plant influenced, while mutually being pollinated in the High aititude plant that fertile ecotope is screened that cools
Or artificial pollination obtains offspring；
3) offspring for obtaining step 2) carries out potting Fertility identification: potting seedling carries out 30 days at 4 DEG C of four leaf stage
After vernalization treatment, phjytotron is moved it within 10 days before flowering；The temperature of phjytotron is 28 DEG C and 22 DEG C, at 28 DEG C
Successively handled 7 days at 22 DEG C, observation of steps 2) Sterility variation of gained offspring；If offspring obtained by step 2) is complete at 28 DEG C
Portion shows as infertility and all shows as at 22 DEG C fertile, then the fertility determined by step 2) is become by ecological factor
The environmental sterile plant that changing influences is determined as environmental sterile plant；
4) step 3) is determined that obtained environmental sterile plant is mutually pollinated and obtains seed.
Embodiment 1: Lanzhou-Qin Wangchuan test
The embodiment of the present invention 1: the breeding of thermosensitive type male sterility line PK3-12S
1) strong cold-resistant Chinese cabbage type winter rape strain PK3-12 (anti-28 DEG C of winter extreme low temperatures) seed autumn sowing is normally overwintering
Plant afterwards carries out Fertility identification when day high temperature period field temperature is lower than 22 DEG C, educates when arriving flowering stage after next year turns green
Property identification mode of operation be to pull out sterile plant, leave fertile plant, obtain 50 plants of materials；
2) the aerial part 20-30cm toothing for the fertile plant for acquiring step 1), wipes out spray part above, allows it
Continued growth reblooms, and after breeding time prolongs 20 days, carries out fertility in the case where day high temperature period field temperature is not less than 28 DEG C
Identification, has filtered out 20 plants of sterile plants label from 50 plants of plant, and sterile plant is transplanted to Qin Chuan High aititude and is cooled ecotope
(Lanzhou new district flowering stage temperature≤22 DEG C；Height above sea level: 2200m)；
3) according to carrying out Fertility identification after step 2) transplanting: the plant of transplanting all shows as fertile, therefore PK3-12 is doubtful is
The environmental sterile plant that fertility is influenced by ecological factor variation, and stripping flower bud selfing is carried out, obtain selfed seed.
4) obtained offspring is carried out by potting Fertility identification according to step 3).Potting seedling carries out 30 at 4 DEG C of four leaf stage
After it vernalization treatment, phjytotron is moved it within 10 days before flowering；The temperature of phjytotron is respectively 28 DEG C, 22
℃.Each temperature 7d processing, observes Sterility variation.
5) it makes discovery from observation, at 28 DEG C, all performance is sterile；And at 22 DEG C, it all shows as fertile.Therefore it selects
Plant out is centainly environmental sterile type, is named as PK3-12S, and PK3-12S has been determined using phjytotron method of temperature-control by
22-28 DEG C of Fertility Transfer Temperature section, i.e., when the flower bud florescence day, the highest temperature was lower than 22 DEG C, performance fertility is normally fertile, same day highest
Temperature shows male sterility when being higher than 28 DEG C.
6) by step 5) ecotype sterile plant PK3-12S, mutually pollination obtains seed under the conditions of 22 degrees Celsius fertile.
The present invention has found temperature sensitive type male sterile plants under field conditions (factors) first, and this method is identified in planted in different ecological areas
Its fertility, high temperature ecotope plant flowering stage fertility be infertility, be transplanted to High aititude cool ecotope (flowering stage temperature≤
22 DEG C), plant fertility is fertile at this time, and is carried out stripping flower bud selfing, harvests seed.The seed of harvest is subjected to potting fertility
Identification carries out Fertility identification (setting 22 DEG C, 28 DEG C of temperature gradient), the long processing of light, knot by control temperature using phjytotron
Fruit shows that the long variation of light has no significant effect the material fertility, and Fertility al-teration is mainly influenced by ambient temperature, and it has been determined
Fertility al-teration section is 22~28 DEG C, i.e., when environment temperature is lower than 22 DEG C, PK3-12S fertility performance is normally fertile, and temperature is higher than
Its fertility performance is completely sterile at 28 DEG C, shows as semisterility in this temperature range.In conjunction with breeding objective, select in Lanzhou autumn sowing
Under the conditions of show infertility, in the Lanzhou new district town Qin Wangchuan performance part is fertile or the Chinese cabbage type winter rape temperature sensitive type of partial sterility not
Educate dual purpose lines.
The principle of the present invention is:
Male sterility is prevalent in plant kingdom, and Chinese cabbage type winter rape is heterogeneous allometrosis, and more other crops that make a variation are rich
It is rich.A possibility that by largely screening in natural population, being found male sterility；The male sterile material that will be seen that is in difference
Temperature environment conditions under identification, screening, stable temperature sensitive type male sterile two-purpose line is filtered out in progeny material.The present invention
It can make it possible that northern Chinese cabbage type winter rape improves northern Chinese cabbage type winter rape yield using two line method hybrid seeding.This hair
It is bright to be bred as Thermo-sensitive male sterile line PK3-12S on winter habit Chinese cabbage type winter rape for the first time, when max. daily temperature is 22 DEG C or so,
PK3-12S floral organ is fertile, and petal is carried out, and anther development is normal, and anther is full, and powder is more, the bending of anther front end.Work as max. daily temperature
It is 28 DEG C or so, when Daily minimum temperature is 14 DEG C or more, for flower in sterile form, petal is normal, and it is close with fertile period, but stamen
It degenerates and shortens, anther is shrivelled, no pollen；Stigma development is normal, the slightly curved song of gynoecium.Filigree, the anther in PK3-12S infertility period are long
Degree is respectively 49.8%, the 71.7% of fertile period, and the two petal size and the basic indifference of gynoecium height；Economical character is excellent
Good, winter resistance is good, and stable fertility Comprehensive Traits are excellent, reaches sterile line breeding index.
Claims (2)
1. identification and the screening technique of a kind of strong cold-resistant Chinese cabbage type winter rape study on temperature sensitive male sterility mutant, it is characterised in that: institute
State method the following steps are included:
1) by strong cold-resistant Chinese cabbage type winter rape seed autumn sowing, it is normal it is overwintering after plant when arriving flowering stage after turning green, in day height
Warm period field temperature carries out Fertility identification when being lower than 22 DEG C, and the mode of operation of the Fertility identification is to pull out sterile plant, is left
Fertile plant；
2) the aerial part 20-30cm toothing for the fertile plant for acquiring step 1), wipes out spray part above, it is allowed to continue
Growth reblooms, and delays breeding time not less than 20 days, and day high temperature period field temperature is educated in the case where being not less than 28 DEG C
Property identification, screen and mark sterile plant, the obtained sterile plant of screening is transplanted to High aititude and is cooled ecotope；The High aititude is cold
The height above sea level of cool ecotope is not less than 2200m；The High aititude cool ecotope environment temperature not higher than 22 DEG C；If transplanting supreme
Height above sea level cool ecotope sterile plant be converted to it is fertile, then transplant to High aititude cool ecotope sterile plant be fertility by ecology
The environmental sterile plant that factor variations influence, at the same High aititude cool fertile ecotope the obtained plant of screening is carried out it is mutual
Pollination or artificial pollination obtain offspring；
3) offspring that step 2) obtains is carried out potting Fertility identification: potting seedling carries out vernalization in 30 days at 4 DEG C of four leaf stage
After processing, phjytotron is moved it within 10 days before flowering；The temperature of the phjytotron is 28 DEG C and 22 DEG C, at 28 DEG C
Successively handled 7 days at 22 DEG C, observation of steps 2) Sterility variation of gained offspring；If offspring obtained by step 2) is complete at 28 DEG C
Portion shows as infertility and all shows as at 22 DEG C fertile, then the fertility determined by step 2) is become by ecological factor
The environmental sterile plant that changing influences is determined as environmental sterile plant.
2. identification and the screening side of strong cold-resistant Chinese cabbage type winter rape study on temperature sensitive male sterility mutant according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that: the method is after step 3) further include:
4) step 3) is determined that obtained environmental sterile plant is mutually pollinated and obtains seed.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101999302A (en) * | 2010-10-19 | 2011-04-06 | 湖北省农业科学院粮食作物研究所 | Breeding method of japonica photoperiod/thermo-sensitive genic male sterile lines |
| CN103960119A (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2014-08-06 | 仲恺农业工程学院 | Breeding method of photo-thermo sensitive genic male sterile line capable of tolerating low temperature for longer time |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101999302A (en) * | 2010-10-19 | 2011-04-06 | 湖北省农业科学院粮食作物研究所 | Breeding method of japonica photoperiod/thermo-sensitive genic male sterile lines |
| CN103960119A (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2014-08-06 | 仲恺农业工程学院 | Breeding method of photo-thermo sensitive genic male sterile line capable of tolerating low temperature for longer time |
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| 甘蓝型油菜温敏不育系417S选育与鉴定;董军刚等;《中国油料作物学报》;20080930;第30卷(第3期);第306-311页 |
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