CN108812110B - Method for identification of temperature-sensing characteristics of Brassica napus using relative plant height - Google Patents

Method for identification of temperature-sensing characteristics of Brassica napus using relative plant height Download PDF

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CN108812110B
CN108812110B CN201810402597.0A CN201810402597A CN108812110B CN 108812110 B CN108812110 B CN 108812110B CN 201810402597 A CN201810402597 A CN 201810402597A CN 108812110 B CN108812110 B CN 108812110B
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brassica napus
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刘自刚
徐春梅
孙万仓
武军艳
方彦
李学才
蒲媛媛
赵艳宁
马骊
牛早霞
白静
董小云
何辉立
米文博
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Gansu Agricultural University
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种利用植株相对株高鉴定甘蓝型油菜感温特性的方法，包括1)将待鉴定甘蓝型油菜品种在大田秋播；2)覆膜处理；在油菜盛花期开放时测量大田秋播后所有待鉴定甘蓝型油菜品种的株高h；3)根据h计算大田秋播植株平均株高

Figure DDA0001646078980000011
4)进行大田春播，待大田春播后甘蓝型油菜出苗后，测量甘蓝型油菜品种群体内所有植株的春播植株株高h＇；5)根据春播植株株高h＇以及大田秋播植株平均株高
Figure DDA0001646078980000012
分别对同一个甘蓝型油菜品种进行感温特性判断或对大田秋播时的所有甘蓝型油菜品种进行感温特性判断。本发明提供了一种实验操作简单、准确性较高的利用植株相对株高鉴定甘蓝型油菜感温特性的方法。The invention relates to a method for identifying the temperature-sensing characteristics of Brassica napus by using the relative plant height of plants. The plant height h of all Brassica napus varieties to be identified after sowing; 3) Calculate the average plant height of autumn-sown plants in the field according to h
Figure DDA0001646078980000011
4) Carry out spring sowing in the field, and after the spring sowing in the field, after the emergence of Brassica napus, measure the spring plant height h' of all plants in the Brassica napus variety population; 5) According to the spring plant height h' and the average plant height of the field autumn sowing
Figure DDA0001646078980000012
The temperature sensing characteristics of the same Brassica napus variety or all Brassica napus varieties during autumn planting in the field were judged respectively. The invention provides a method for identifying the temperature-sensing characteristics of Brassica napus by using the relative plant height of plants with simple experimental operation and high accuracy.

Description

利用植株相对株高鉴定甘蓝型油菜感温特性的方法Method for identification of temperature-sensing characteristics of Brassica napus using relative plant height

技术领域technical field

本发明属于植物抗寒型鉴定技术领域，涉及一种利用植株相对株高鉴定甘蓝型油菜感温 特性的方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cold-resistant type identification, and relates to a method for identifying the temperature-sensing characteristics of Brassica napus using the relative plant height of plants.

背景技术Background technique

北方寒旱区常年干旱少雨，冬、春季耕地闲置，植被覆盖率低，次年初春常发生沙尘暴， 扬尘天气，对人们的生活造成影响，尤其对农业生态环境的破坏更为显著。甘蓝型油菜在北 方寒旱区种植对保护生态环境，增加北方冬、春季植被覆盖率有显著效果，在北方严酷的气 候条件下，选育抗寒性的油菜品种是发展北方冬油菜生产的关键，而抗寒品种的选育首先要 解决简单、有效、低成本的抗寒鉴定方法。The cold and arid regions in the north are dry and rainy all the year round, with idle arable land in winter and spring, and low vegetation coverage. Sandstorms and dusty weather often occur in the early spring of the following year, affecting people's lives, especially the damage to the agricultural ecological environment. Brassica napus planting in the cold and arid regions of the north has a significant effect on protecting the ecological environment and increasing the vegetation coverage in winter and spring in the north. Under the harsh climate conditions in the north, the selection and breeding of cold-resistant rapeseed varieties is the key to the development of winter rapeseed production in the north. , and the selection and breeding of cold-resistant varieties should first solve a simple, effective and low-cost identification method for cold resistance.

常规抗寒性鉴定采用田间越冬率，生理生化方法等鉴定方法。而田间越冬率的统计不能 准确的判定单株抗寒性的强弱，受人为及外界因素较大；生理生化方法指标测定成本高，对 仪器要求严格，且过程中多数生理指标变化大，不稳定。Conventional identification of cold resistance adopts identification methods such as field overwintering rate and physiological and biochemical methods. However, the statistics of the overwintering rate in the field cannot accurately determine the cold resistance of a single plant, which is greatly affected by human and external factors; the measurement cost of physiological and biochemical indicators is high, and the instruments are strictly required. Stablize.

专利申请号是201610227970.4的专利文献公开了一种利用株高鉴定白菜型冬油菜冬性强 弱的方法，该方法是将待鉴定白菜型冬油菜品种春末夏初在大田种植，总苗数在30株以上； 出苗后生长60～65天，测量待鉴定白菜型冬油菜品种群体内所有幼苗的株高；进行株高标准 化；根据株高标准化判定单株冬性强弱。该利用的只是春播株高与品种中最大株高(Xmax)， 但每个品种春化度不同，其最大株高比也不同，因此该方法按原则上在品种间不具有相关特 性，不能用于比较不同品种材料冬性强弱，不能比较区分通过春化品种的冬春性鉴定。The patent document whose patent application number is 201610227970.4 discloses a method for identifying the winter strength of cabbage-type winter rapeseed by plant height. The method is to plant the cabbage-type winter rapeseed variety to be identified in the field in late spring and early summer. More than 30 plants; grow for 60 to 65 days after emergence, measure the plant height of all seedlings in the cabbage-type winter rapeseed variety group to be identified; carry out plant height standardization; determine the winter strength of a single plant according to the plant height standardization. This method only utilizes the plant height of spring sowing and the maximum plant height (X max ) in the variety, but the vernalization degree of each variety is different, and the maximum plant height ratio is also different. It is used to compare the strength of winter properties of different varieties of materials, and it cannot be compared and differentiated through the identification of winter and spring properties of vernalized varieties.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

为了解决背景技术中存在的上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种实验操作简单、准确性较 高的利用植株相对株高鉴定甘蓝型油菜感温特性的方法。In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the background technology, the present invention provides a method for identifying the temperature-sensing characteristics of Brassica napus using the relative plant height of plants with simple experimental operation and high accuracy.

为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

一种利用植株相对株高鉴定甘蓝型油菜感温特性的方法，其特征在于：所述利用植株相 对株高鉴定甘蓝型油菜感温特性的方法包括以下步骤：A method of utilizing the relative plant height of plants to identify the temperature-sensing characteristics of Brassica napus, it is characterized in that: the described method utilizing the relative plant heights of plants to identify the temperature-sensing characteristics of Brassica napus comprises the following steps:

1)将待鉴定甘蓝型油菜品种在大田秋播；所述大田的地方海拔在1800-2200米之间；1) sowing the Brassica napus variety to be identified in the field in autumn; the local altitude of the field is between 1800-2200 meters;

2)在大田秋播后当年的11月至次年3月对待鉴定甘蓝型油菜品种进行覆膜处理，防止极 端低温造成冷害；至次年7月初，在油菜盛花期开放时测量大田秋播后所有待鉴定甘蓝型油菜 品种的株高h；2) From November to March of the next year after the autumn sowing in the field, the identified Brassica napus variety is covered with film to prevent the extreme low temperature from causing chilling damage; to the beginning of July of the next year, when the rapeseed is in full bloom, measure the after-sowing in the field after autumn sowing. Plant height h of all Brassica napus varieties to be identified;

3)根据测量得到的株高h计算大田秋播植株平均株高

Figure BDA0001646078970000021
所述大田秋播植株平均株高
Figure BDA0001646078970000022
的计算公式是：3) Calculate the average plant height of autumn sowing plants in the field according to the measured plant height h
Figure BDA0001646078970000021
The average plant height of autumn sowing plants in the field
Figure BDA0001646078970000022
The calculation formula is:

Figure BDA0001646078970000023
Figure BDA0001646078970000023

其中：in:

Figure BDA0001646078970000024
是大田秋播植株平均株高，单位cm；
Figure BDA0001646078970000024
is the average plant height of autumn sowing plants in the field, in cm;

h是测量得到的株高，单位cm；h is the measured plant height, in cm;

n是大田秋播后油菜盛花期开放时的植株株数；n is the number of plants at the flowering stage of rapeseed after autumn sowing in the field;

4)将经过大田秋播后且能在次年7月油菜盛花期开放所对应的甘蓝型油菜品种进行大田 春播，所述大田春播的时间是4月初，所述大田春播的平均温度是15℃，待大田春播后甘蓝型 油菜出苗生长不低于90天，测量甘蓝型油菜品种群体内所有植株的株高，记为春播植株株高 h＇，将未抽薹的植株高度记做0；4) After the autumn sowing in the field and the cabbage type rape variety that can be opened in the next year's July rapeseed full bloom period, the field spring sowing is carried out, the time of the field spring sowing is the beginning of April, and the average temperature of the field spring sowing is 15 ℃. , after spring sowing in the field, the growth of Brassica napus seedlings is not less than 90 days, and the plant height of all plants in the Brassica napus variety group is measured, recorded as the plant height h' of the spring sowing plant, and the height of the unbolted plant is recorded as 0;

5)根据步骤4)得到的春播植株株高h＇以及步骤3)得到的大田秋播植株平均株高

Figure BDA0001646078970000025
分 别对同一个甘蓝型油菜品种单株进行感温特性判断或对大田秋播时的所有甘蓝型油菜品种进 行感温特性判断。5) according to the spring planting plant height h' obtained in step 4) and the average plant height of the field autumn planting plant obtained in step 3)
Figure BDA0001646078970000025
The temperature-sensing characteristics were judged for a single plant of the same Brassica napus variety or for all Brassica napus varieties during autumn planting in the field.

上述步骤5)中对同一个甘蓝型油菜品种单株进行感温特性判断的具体实现方式是：In above-mentioned step 5), the concrete realization mode that the same cabbage rape variety individual plant is judged the temperature-sensing characteristic is:

根据步骤4)测量得到的春播植株株高h＇以及步骤3)计算得到的大田秋播植株平均株高

Figure BDA0001646078970000026
计算大田春播时的所有甘蓝型油菜品种单株的相对株高Hc；根据所有甘蓝型油菜品种的相 对株高Hc判断甘蓝型油菜品种单株的感温特性；所述所有甘蓝型油菜品种单株的相对株高Hc 的具体计算方式是：According to the measured plant height h' of spring sowing plants in step 4) and the average plant height of autumn sowing plants in the field calculated in step 3)
Figure BDA0001646078970000026
Calculate the relative plant height Hc of each plant of all Brassica napus varieties during spring sowing in the field; judge the temperature-sensing characteristics of each Brassica napus variety according to the relative plant height Hc of all Brassica napus varieties; the individual plant of all Brassica napus varieties The specific calculation method of the relative plant height Hc is:

Figure BDA0001646078970000027
Figure BDA0001646078970000027

其中：in:

HC是大田春播时的所有甘蓝型油菜品种单株的相对株高；H C is the relative plant height per plant of all Brassica napus varieties during spring sowing in the field;

h＇是春播植株株高，单位cm；h' is the plant height of spring sowing plants, in cm;

Figure BDA0001646078970000028
是大田秋播植株平均株高，单位cm。
Figure BDA0001646078970000028
It is the average plant height of autumn sowing plants in the field, in cm.

上述根据大田秋播时的所有甘蓝型油菜品种单株的相对株高Hc判断甘蓝型油菜品种单 株的感温特性的判断条件是：Hc＝0，感温性最强；0＜Hc≤0.2，感温性较强；0.2＜Hc≤0.4， 感温性弱；Hc大于0.4，感温性差。The above judgment conditions for judging the temperature-sensing characteristics of a single plant of Brassica napus varieties according to the relative plant height Hc of all Brassica napus varieties during autumn sowing in the field are: Hc=0, the strongest temperature sensitivity; 0<Hc≤0.2 , the temperature sensitivity is strong; 0.2<Hc≤0.4, the temperature sensitivity is weak; Hc is greater than 0.4, the temperature sensitivity is poor.

上述步骤5)中对大田秋播时的所有甘蓝型油菜品种进行感温特性判断的具体实施方式 是：In the above-mentioned steps 5), the specific embodiment that all the Brassica napus varieties during autumn sowing in the field are judged by temperature-sensing characteristics is:

分别计算每一个甘蓝型油菜品种在大田春播的平均株高

Figure BDA0001646078970000031
根据同一个甘蓝型油菜品种 在大田春播时的平均株高
Figure BDA0001646078970000032
以及该品种在大田秋播时的平均株高
Figure BDA0001646078970000033
计算该品种的相对株高 Hs；根据当前品种的相对株高Hs判断当前甘蓝型油菜品种的感温特性；Calculate the average plant height of each Brassica napus variety in the field in spring
Figure BDA0001646078970000031
According to the average plant height of the same Brassica napus variety during spring sowing in the field
Figure BDA0001646078970000032
And the average plant height of this variety in autumn planting in the field
Figure BDA0001646078970000033
Calculate the relative plant height Hs of the variety; judge the temperature-sensing characteristics of the current Brassica napus variety according to the relative plant height Hs of the current variety;

所述大田春播平均株高

Figure BDA0001646078970000034
的计算方式是：The average plant height of spring sowing in the field
Figure BDA0001646078970000034
is calculated as:

Figure BDA0001646078970000035
Figure BDA0001646078970000035

其中：in:

Figure BDA0001646078970000036
是大田春播植株时的平均株高，单位cm；
Figure BDA0001646078970000036
is the average plant height of spring sowing plants in the field, in cm;

h＇是测量得到的春播植株株高，单位cm；h' is the measured plant height of spring sowing plants, in cm;

n是大田春播后油菜盛花期开放时的植株株数；n is the number of plants at the flowering stage of rapeseed after spring sowing in the field;

所述当前品种单株的相对株高Hs的计算方式是：The calculation method of the relative plant height Hs per plant of the current variety is:

Figure BDA0001646078970000037
Figure BDA0001646078970000037

其中：in:

Hs是当前品种的相对株高；Hs is the relative plant height of the current variety;

Figure BDA0001646078970000038
是大田春播植株时的平均株高，单位cm；
Figure BDA0001646078970000038
is the average plant height of spring sowing plants in the field, in cm;

Figure BDA0001646078970000039
是大田秋播植株平均株高，单位cm。
Figure BDA0001646078970000039
It is the average plant height of autumn sowing plants in the field, in cm.

上述根据当前品种的相对株高Hs判断当前甘蓝型油菜品种的感温特性的判断条件是：Hs ＜0.2，感温性最强，强冬性；0.2≤Hs＜0.3，感温性较强，冬性；0.3≤Hs＜0.4，感温性弱， 半冬性；Hs＞0.4，感温性差，春性。The above-mentioned judgment conditions for judging the temperature-sensing characteristics of the current Brassica napus varieties according to the relative plant height Hs of the current varieties are: Hs <0.2, the strongest temperature sensitivity, strong winter; 0.2≤Hs<0.3, the temperature sensitivity is strong, Winter; 0.3≤Hs<0.4, weak thermosensitivity, semi-winter; Hs>0.4, poor thermosensitivity, spring.

上述待鉴定甘蓝型油菜品种是新油23号、16TS 306-4(春)会宁、16TS 306-3选1会宁、 16TS 312-2会宁、16TS 309-10会宁、16NPZ 269-1混选、16NPZ 158混选、15NS 45-4混选、 2016 8(G)选、2016TS(G)10、天油2266以及天油2288中的多种的组合。The above-mentioned Brassica napus varieties to be identified are Xinyou 23, 16TS 306-4 (Spring) Huining, 16TS 306-3 selected 1 Huining, 16TS 312-2 Huining, 16TS 309-10 Huining, 16NPZ 269-1 Mixed selection, 16NPZ 158 mixed selection, 15NS 45-4 mixed selection, 2016 8(G) selection, 2016TS(G)10, Tianyou 2266 and Tianyou 2288, a variety of combinations.

上述待鉴定甘蓝型油菜品种在大田秋播时每个品种的植株数量不低于30株。The number of plants of each variety of the above-mentioned Brassica napus varieties to be identified shall not be less than 30 during autumn sowing in the field.

上述待鉴定甘蓝型油菜品种的数量是N；所述大田秋播的植株总数量是M；所述M≥30N+10。The number of the above-mentioned Brassica napus varieties to be identified is N; the total number of plants sown in autumn in the field is M; the M≥30N+10.

上述步骤2)中测量大田秋播后所有待鉴定甘蓝型油菜品种的株高h时的条件是油菜盛花 期开放的植株数量不小于2/3M；所述M是大田秋播的植株总数量。In above-mentioned step 2), the condition when measuring the plant height h of all Brassica napus varieties to be identified after autumn sowing in the field is that the number of plants open in the flowering stage of rape is not less than 2/3M; the M is the total number of plants for autumn sowing in the field.

本发明的优点是：The advantages of the present invention are:

本发明提供了一种利用植株相对株高鉴定甘蓝型油菜感温特性的方法，将待鉴定甘蓝型 油菜品种秋季在大田种植，至次年7月测量顺利越冬的甘蓝型油菜品种群体的株高，计算平均 株高；然后对顺利越冬的油菜品种进行春播，出苗后生长90天，测量油菜品种群体内所有植 株的高度，将未抽薹的单株株高记为“0”；计算植株相对株高和品种相对株高，根据相对株高 判定单株和品种的感温性，进而确定其冬性强弱。该鉴定方法克服了传统油菜越冬率的统计、 生理生化和分子标记法的缺点，操作简单，鉴别单株和品种冬性强弱，对实验室条件和技术 要求低、成本低、结果可靠。本发明通过测定甘蓝型油菜群体在秋播后顺利通过春化群体的 平均株高以及春播后各植株的株高，计算植株相对株高来判定甘蓝型油菜单株或品种感温特 性，进而鉴别植株抗寒性。The invention provides a method for identifying the temperature-sensing characteristics of Brassica napus by using the relative plant height of plants. The Brassica napus variety to be identified is planted in the field in autumn, and the plant height of the Brassica napus variety group that successfully overwintered is measured in July of the following year. , calculate the average plant height; then spring sowing the rapeseed varieties that have successfully overwintered, grow for 90 days after emergence, measure the height of all plants in the rapeseed variety group, and record the plant height of each plant without bolting as "0"; calculate the relative plant height of the plant Height and relative plant height of varieties, according to relative plant height to determine the temperature sensitivity of individual plants and varieties, and then determine the strength of winter. The identification method overcomes the shortcomings of traditional rapeseed overwintering rate statistics, physiology, biochemistry and molecular markers, is simple to operate, identifies individual plants and varieties of winter strength, low laboratory conditions and technical requirements, low cost, and reliable results. In the present invention, the temperature-sensing characteristics of Brassica napus strains or varieties are determined by measuring the average plant height of the Brassica napus population after autumn sowing and the plant height of each plant after spring sowing, and calculating the relative plant height of the Brassica napus, and then identifying Plant cold resistance.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合具体实施方式对本发明进行详细说明。The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

本发明提供了一种利用植株相对株高鉴定甘蓝型油菜感温特性的方法，该利用植株相对 株高鉴定甘蓝型油菜感温特性的方法包括以下步骤：The invention provides a kind of method that utilizes the relative plant height of plants to identify the temperature-sensing properties of Brassica napus, and the method that utilizes the relative plant heights of plants to identify the temperature-sensing properties of Brassica napus comprises the following steps:

1)将待鉴定甘蓝型油菜品种在大田秋播；大田是兰州新区上川试验基地；大田的地方海 拔在1800-2200米之间；境内年平均降雨量231mm，干旱指数达5.4，年均气温10.3℃，最冷月 平均最低温约-10℃，极端低温-28℃左右，冬季负积温-570℃，年平均日照时数为2446h，无 霜期为140d，年降水量327mm；其低温有效积累量能够保证所有甘蓝型油菜通过春化；1) The cabbage type rape variety to be identified will be sown in Datian in autumn; Datian is the Shangchuan test base in Lanzhou New District; the altitude of Datian is between 1800-2200 meters; the average annual rainfall in the territory is 231mm, the drought index is 5.4, and the average annual temperature is 10.3 ℃, the average minimum temperature in the coldest month is about -10℃, the extreme low temperature is about -28℃, the negative accumulated temperature in winter is -570℃, the annual average sunshine hours is 2446h, the frost-free period is 140d, and the annual precipitation is 327mm; Guarantee that all Brassica napus go through vernalization;

2)在大田秋播后当年的11月至次年3月对待鉴定甘蓝型油菜品种进行覆膜处理，防止极 端低温造成冷害；至次年7月初，在油菜盛花期开放时测量大田秋播后所有待鉴定甘蓝型油菜 品种的株高h；2) From November to March of the next year after the autumn sowing in the field, the identified Brassica napus variety is covered with film to prevent the extreme low temperature from causing chilling damage; to the beginning of July of the next year, when the rapeseed is in full bloom, measure the after-sowing in the field after autumn sowing. Plant height h of all Brassica napus varieties to be identified;

3)根据测量得到的株高h计算大田秋播植株平均株高

Figure BDA0001646078970000041
大田秋播植株平均株高
Figure BDA0001646078970000042
的计 算公式是：3) Calculate the average plant height of autumn sowing plants in the field according to the measured plant height h
Figure BDA0001646078970000041
Average plant height of autumn sowing plants in the field
Figure BDA0001646078970000042
The calculation formula is:

Figure BDA0001646078970000043
Figure BDA0001646078970000043

其中：in:

Figure BDA0001646078970000044
是大田秋播植株平均株高，单位cm；
Figure BDA0001646078970000044
is the average plant height of autumn sowing plants in the field, in cm;

h是测量得到的株高，单位cm；h is the measured plant height, in cm;

n是大田秋播后油菜盛花期开放时的植株株数；n is the number of plants at the flowering stage of rapeseed after autumn sowing in the field;

4)将经过大田秋播后且能在次年7月油菜盛花期开放所对应的甘蓝型油菜品种进行大田 春播，大田春播的时间是4月初，大田是兰州新区上川试验基地；大田春播的平均温度是15℃， 平均低温2℃，极端高温21℃，极端低温-4℃，有一定量的低温积累，待大田春播后甘蓝型油 菜出苗生长不低于90天，测量甘蓝型油菜品种群体内所有植株的株高，记为春播植株株高h＇， 将未抽薹的植株高度记做0；4) Spring sowing of the cabbage-type rape varieties corresponding to the rapeseed blooming period in the next July after autumn sowing in the field is carried out in the field. The spring sowing time in the field is early April, and the field is the Shangchuan test base in Lanzhou New District; the average spring sowing in the field is carried out. The temperature is 15 °C, the average low temperature is 2 °C, the extreme high temperature is 21 °C, and the extreme low temperature is -4 °C. There is a certain amount of low temperature accumulation. After spring sowing in the field, the growth of Brassica napus seedlings is not less than 90 days. The plant height of the plant is recorded as the plant height h' of the spring sowing plant, and the height of the unbolted plant is recorded as 0;

5)根据步骤4)得到的春播植株株高h＇以及步骤3)得到的大田秋播植株平均株高

Figure BDA0001646078970000045
分 别对同一个甘蓝型油菜品种进行感温特性判断或对大田秋播时的所有甘蓝型油菜品种进行感 温特性判断。5) according to the spring planting plant height h' obtained in step 4) and the average plant height of the field autumn planting plant obtained in step 3)
Figure BDA0001646078970000045
The temperature sensing characteristics of the same Brassica napus variety or all Brassica napus varieties during autumn planting in the field were judged respectively.

步骤5)中对同一个甘蓝型油菜品种单株进行感温特性判断的具体实现方式是：In step 5), the specific implementation mode of judging the temperature-sensing characteristics of the same Brassica napus variety individual plant is:

根据步骤4)测量得到的春播植株株高h＇以及步骤3)计算得到的大田秋播植株平均株高

Figure BDA0001646078970000051
计算大田春播时的所有甘蓝型油菜品种单株的相对株高Hc；根据所有甘蓝型油菜品种的相 对株高Hc判断甘蓝型油菜品种单株的感温特性；所述所有甘蓝型油菜品种单株的相对株高Hc 的具体计算方式是：According to the measured plant height h' of spring sowing plants in step 4) and the average plant height of autumn sowing plants in the field calculated in step 3)
Figure BDA0001646078970000051
Calculate the relative plant height Hc of each plant of all Brassica napus varieties during spring sowing in the field; judge the temperature-sensing characteristics of each Brassica napus variety according to the relative plant height Hc of all Brassica napus varieties; the individual plant of all Brassica napus varieties The specific calculation method of the relative plant height Hc is:

Figure BDA0001646078970000052
Figure BDA0001646078970000052

其中：in:

HC是大田春播时的所有甘蓝型油菜品种单株的相对株高；H C is the relative plant height per plant of all Brassica napus varieties during spring sowing in the field;

h＇是春播植株株高，单位cm；h' is the plant height of spring sowing plants, in cm;

Figure BDA0001646078970000053
是大田秋播植株平均株高，单位cm。
Figure BDA0001646078970000053
It is the average plant height of autumn sowing plants in the field, in cm.

根据大田秋播时的所有甘蓝型油菜品种单株的相对株高Hc判断甘蓝型油菜品种单株的 感温特性的判断条件是：Hc＝0，感温性最强；0＜Hc≤0.2，感温性较强；0.2＜Hc≤0.4，感 温性弱；Hc大于0.4，感温性差。According to the relative plant height Hc of all Brassica napus varieties at the time of autumn sowing in the field, the judgment conditions for judging the temperature-sensing characteristics of each Brassica napus variety are: Hc=0, the highest temperature sensitivity; 0<Hc≤0.2, Strong temperature sensitivity; 0.2<Hc≤0.4, weak temperature sensitivity; Hc greater than 0.4, poor temperature sensitivity.

步骤5)中对大田秋播时的所有甘蓝型油菜品种进行感温特性判断的具体实施方式是：In step 5), the specific embodiment that all the Brassica napus varieties during autumn sowing in the field are judged by temperature-sensing characteristics is:

分别计算每一个甘蓝型油菜品种在大田春播的平均株高

Figure BDA0001646078970000054
根据同一个甘蓝型油菜品种 在大田春播时的平均株高
Figure BDA0001646078970000055
以及该品种在大田秋播时的平均株高
Figure BDA0001646078970000056
计算该品种的相对株高 Hs；根据当前品种的相对株高Hs判断当前甘蓝型油菜品种的感温特性；Calculate the average plant height of each Brassica napus variety in the field in spring
Figure BDA0001646078970000054
According to the average plant height of the same Brassica napus variety during spring sowing in the field
Figure BDA0001646078970000055
And the average plant height of this variety in autumn planting in the field
Figure BDA0001646078970000056
Calculate the relative plant height Hs of the variety; judge the temperature-sensing characteristics of the current Brassica napus variety according to the relative plant height Hs of the current variety;

所述大田春播平均株高

Figure BDA0001646078970000057
的计算方式是：The average plant height of spring sowing in the field
Figure BDA0001646078970000057
is calculated as:

Figure BDA0001646078970000058
Figure BDA0001646078970000058

其中：in:

Figure BDA0001646078970000059
是大田春播植株时的平均株高，单位cm；
Figure BDA0001646078970000059
is the average plant height of spring sowing plants in the field, in cm;

h＇是测量得到的春播植株株高，单位cm；h' is the measured plant height of spring sowing plants, in cm;

n是大田春播后油菜盛花期开放时的植株株数；n is the number of plants at the flowering stage of rapeseed after spring sowing in the field;

所述当前品种单株的相对株高Hs的计算方式是：The calculation method of the relative plant height Hs per plant of the current variety is:

Figure BDA00016460789700000510
Figure BDA00016460789700000510

其中：in:

Hs是当前品种的相对株高；Hs is the relative plant height of the current variety;

Figure BDA00016460789700000511
是大田春播植株时的平均株高，单位cm；
Figure BDA00016460789700000511
is the average plant height of spring sowing plants in the field, in cm;

Figure BDA0001646078970000061
是大田秋播植株平均株高，单位cm。
Figure BDA0001646078970000061
It is the average plant height of autumn sowing plants in the field, in cm.

根据当前品种的相对株高Hs判断当前甘蓝型油菜品种的感温特性的判断条件是：Hs＜ 0.2，感温性最强，强冬性；0.2≤Hs＜0.3，感温性较强，冬性；0.3≤Hs＜0.4，感温性弱，半 冬性；Hs＞0.4，感温性差，春性。According to the relative plant height Hs of the current variety, the judgment conditions for judging the temperature sensitivity of the current Brassica napus variety are: Hs＜0.2, the strongest temperature sensitivity, strong winter; 0.2≤Hs＜0.3, strong temperature sensitivity, winter 0.3≤Hs＜0.4, weak thermosensitivity, semi-winter; Hs>0.4, poor thermosensitivity, spring.

待鉴定甘蓝型油菜品种是新油23号、16TS 306-4(春)会宁、16TS 306-3选1会宁、16TS 312-2会宁、16TS 309-10会宁、16NPZ 269-1混选、16NPZ 158混选、15NS 45-4混选、2016 8 (G)选、2016TS(G)10、天油2266以及天油2288中的多种的组合。Brassica napus varieties to be identified are Xinyou 23, 16TS 306-4 (Spring) Huining, 16TS 306-3 selected 1 Huining, 16TS 312-2 Huining, 16TS 309-10 Huining, 16NPZ 269-1 Mixed Selection, 16NPZ 158 mixed selection, 15NS 45-4 mixed selection, 2016 8 (G) selection, 2016TS (G) 10, Tianyou 2266 and Tianyou 2288 in a variety of combinations.

待鉴定甘蓝型油菜品种在大田秋播时每个品种的植株数量不低于30株；待鉴定甘蓝型油 菜品种的数量是N；大田秋播的植株总数量是M；M≥30N+10。When the Brassica napus variety to be identified is planted in the field in autumn, the number of plants of each variety is not less than 30; the number of Brassica napus varieties to be identified is N; the total number of plants for autumn sowing in the field is M; M≥30N+10.

步骤2)中测量大田秋播后所有待鉴定甘蓝型油菜品种的株高h时的条件是油菜盛花期开 放的植株数量不小于2/3M(盛期为全田半数以上植株)。In step 2), the condition when measuring the plant height h of all the Brassica napus varieties to be identified after autumn sowing in the field is that the number of plants opened in the flowering period of rape is not less than 2/3M (the full field is more than half of the plants in the full field).

本发明所提供的利用植株相对株高鉴定甘蓝型油菜感温特性的方法的理论基础是：抗寒 性不同遗传型的油菜对温度的敏感性存在差异，抗寒性越强，冬性越强，春化所需温度越低， 感温性越强。甘蓝型油菜秋播后，经过一定时间较低温度下，抗寒性不同的油菜品种群体其 越冬情况也有所不同；选择顺利越冬的品种群体，进行春播，进一步鉴定其感温性的强弱。The theoretical basis of the method for identifying the temperature-sensing characteristics of Brassica napus using the relative plant height provided by the present invention is: the sensitivity to temperature of rapeseed with different genotypes of cold resistance is different, and the stronger the cold resistance, the stronger the winter. , the lower the temperature required for vernalization, the stronger the temperature sensitivity. After autumn sowing of Brassica napus, after a certain period of time at a lower temperature, the overwintering conditions of rapeseed species groups with different cold resistance are also different. Select the variety groups that successfully overwinter and sow in spring to further identify the strength of their temperature sensitivity.

本发明的工作原理是：春播后，在同一自然环境下，由于品种群体感温性不同，植株的 株高差异显著，感温性强的品种群体由于通过春化的低温积累不足，导致油菜不能显蕾，抽 薹，株高较小；而感温性弱的品种群体春播后能通过春化，即均可显蕾、开花、结籽，且株 高较高。根据植株感温性对植株株高的影响，就可鉴别出群体感温性的强弱，判定其抗寒性。The working principle of the invention is as follows: after spring sowing, under the same natural environment, due to the different thermosensitivity of variety groups, the plant heights of plants are significantly different, and the variety groups with strong thermosensitivity are insufficient due to insufficient low temperature accumulation through vernalization, resulting in rapeseed not showing buds. , bolting, and the plant height is smaller; while the varieties with weak temperature sensitivity can pass vernalization after spring sowing, that is, they can all show buds, flowers, and seeds, and the plant height is higher. According to the effect of plant temperature sensitivity on plant height, the strength of group temperature sensitivity can be identified, and its cold resistance can be determined.

实施例：2016年兰州上川镇试验Example: 2016 Lanzhou Shangchuan Town Test

1)大田秋播：将待鉴定甘蓝型油菜品种在兰州新区上川试验基地大田种植，该地方海拔 在1800-2200米之间，境内年平均降雨量231mm，干旱指数达5.4，年均气温10.3℃，最冷月平 均最低温约－10℃，极端低温－28℃左右，冬季负积温－570℃，年平均日照时数为2446h， 无霜期为140d，年降水量327mm；其低温有效积累量能够保证所有甘蓝型油菜通过春化， 油菜种植的总苗数在100株以上，增加实验结果的准确性；1) Autumn sowing in the field: The Brassica napus variety to be identified will be planted in the field of the Shangchuan Test Base in Lanzhou New District. The altitude of the place is between 1800-2200 meters, the average annual rainfall in the territory is 231mm, the drought index is 5.4, and the average annual temperature is 10.3℃ , the average minimum temperature in the coldest month is about -10℃, the extreme low temperature is about -28℃, the negative accumulated temperature in winter is -570℃, the annual average sunshine hours is 2446h, the frost-free period is 140d, and the annual precipitation is 327mm; the effective accumulation of low temperature can guarantee All cabbage-type rapeseeds are vernalized, and the total number of seedlings planted in rapeseed is more than 100, which increases the accuracy of the experimental results;

2)在11月至次年3月对待鉴定油菜进行覆膜处理，防止极端低温造成冷害；至7月初，在 油菜盛花期(盛期为全田半数以上植株、2/3的分枝花开放)时测量秋播油菜品种群体的所 有株高；2) From November to March of the following year, the rapeseed to be identified is covered with film to prevent chilling damage caused by extreme low temperature; to the beginning of July, during the flowering period of rapeseed (the peak period is more than half of the plants in the whole field, and 2/3 of the branch flowers are open) ) when measuring all plant heights of the autumn-sown rape variety population;

3)根据测量的株高，计算：

Figure BDA0001646078970000062
Figure BDA0001646078970000063
为秋播植株平均株高，单位(cm)；hi为任意秋播植株株高，单位(cm)；n为植株株数。3) According to the measured plant height, calculate:
Figure BDA0001646078970000062
Figure BDA0001646078970000063
is the average plant height of autumn sowing plants, unit (cm); hi is the plant height of any autumn sowing plants, unit (cm); n is the number of plants.

4)大田春播：将秋播安全越冬后的甘蓝型油菜品种群体4月初在大田进行春播，此时上 川试验基地月平均高温15℃，平均低温2℃，极端高温21℃，极端低温-4℃；有一定量的低温 积累。待油菜出苗生长90天，测量油菜品种群体内所有植株的株高，将未抽薹的植株高度记 做“0”；4) Spring sowing in the field: The cabbage-type rapeseed varieties that have been safely overwintered in autumn will be sown in the field in early April. At this time, the average monthly high temperature of the Shangchuan test base is 15°C, the average low temperature is 2°C, the extreme high temperature is 21°C, and the extreme low temperature is -4°C. ; A certain amount of low temperature accumulation. Wait for the rapeseed to grow for 90 days, measure the plant height of all plants in the rapeseed variety group, and record the height of the plant without bolting as "0";

5)根据测得的植株株高及秋播平均株高

Figure BDA0001646078970000071
式中：HC为油菜单株相对株高，h 为春播植株株高，单位(cm)；5) According to the measured plant height and the average plant height of autumn sowing
Figure BDA0001646078970000071
In the formula: HC is the relative plant height of rapeseed plants, h is the plant height of spring sowing plants, unit (cm);

6)甘蓝型油菜单株感温特性判定：Hc＝0，感温性最强，强冬性；Hc＝0，感温性最强， 强冬性；0＜Hc≤0.2，感温性较强，冬性；0.2＜Hc≤0.4，感温性弱，半冬性；Hc大于0.4，感温性差，春性。6) Judgment of temperature-sensing characteristics of cabbage oil menu plants: Hc=0, the strongest temperature sensitivity, strong winter; Hc=0, the strongest temperature sensitivity, strong winter; 0<Hc≤0.2, the temperature sensitivity is relatively high Strong, winter; 0.2<Hc≤0.4, weak temperature sensitivity, semi-winter; Hc greater than 0.4, poor temperature sensitivity, spring.

7)甘蓝型油菜品种感温特性的计算：在甘蓝型油菜任意品种内，计算其春播植株的平均 株高

Figure BDA0001646078970000072
Figure BDA0001646078970000073
为任意品种春播平均株高，单位(cm)；hi＇为任意品种春播植株株 高，单位(cm)；n为植株株数。7) Calculation of temperature-sensing characteristics of Brassica napus variety: in any Brassica napus variety, calculate the average plant height of spring-sown plants
Figure BDA0001646078970000072
Figure BDA0001646078970000073
is the average plant height of spring sowing of any variety, unit (cm); hi' is the plant height of spring sowing of any variety, unit (cm); n is the number of plants.

8)根据某品种春播植株的平均株高

Figure BDA0001646078970000074
与油菜品种群体秋播平均株高
Figure BDA0001646078970000075
的比值，计算品 种的相对株高，用HS表示，即
Figure BDA0001646078970000076
HS为油菜品种相对株高。8) According to the average plant height of spring sowing plants of a certain variety
Figure BDA0001646078970000074
The average plant height of autumn sowing with rape variety groups
Figure BDA0001646078970000075
The ratio of , to calculate the relative plant height of the variety, expressed by HS, that is
Figure BDA0001646078970000076
HS is the relative plant height of rapeseed varieties.

9)甘蓝型油菜品种感温特性判定：Hs＜0.2，强冬性；0.2≤Hs＜0.3，冬性；0.3≤Hs＜ 0.4，半冬性；Hs＞0.4，春性。9) Determination of temperature-sensing characteristics of Brassica napus varieties: Hs<0.2, strong winter; 0.2≤Hs<0.3, winter; 0.3≤Hs<0.4, semi-winter; Hs>0.4, spring.

表1品种相对株高Table 1 Relative plant height of varieties

Figure BDA0001646078970000077
Figure BDA0001646078970000077

Figure BDA0001646078970000081
Figure BDA0001646078970000081

参见表1，总共有12个甘蓝型油菜品种，并进行编号；秋播平均株高是指将待鉴定油菜秋 播后经过冬季，至次年7月在油菜盛花期即全田240株以上油菜分支花开放时测量秋播油菜品 种群体的所有株高，求取平均值即为秋播平均株高；同理，秋播平均株高是指将待鉴定油菜 在4月初播种，待油菜出苗生长90天，测量油菜品种群体内所有植株的株高，将未抽薹的植株 高度记做“0”；而品种相对株高是由春播株高相比于秋播株高，从品种株高的比值大小，来 判定品种的感温性。参见表2，为12个甘蓝型油菜各品种的单株株高，各品种测量了27株单株， 将未抽薹的植株高度记做“0”；将其余抽薹，显蕾植株高度记为“h”，单位cm。See Table 1, there are 12 varieties of Brassica napus in total, and numbered; the average plant height of autumn sowing refers to the rapeseed to be identified after autumn sowing through winter, to the next July in the rapeseed flowering period, that is, more than 240 rapeseeds in the whole field. When the branch flowers are open, measure all the plant heights of the rapeseed varieties in autumn, and the average value is the average plant height of autumn sowing; similarly, the average plant height of autumn sowing means that the rapeseed to be identified is sown in early April, and the rapeseed grows after emergence. 90 days, measure the plant height of all plants in the rapeseed variety group, and record the height of the unbolted plant as "0"; and the relative plant height of the variety is the ratio of the plant height of the spring sowing to the autumn sowing plant height from the plant height of the variety. size, to determine the thermosensitivity of the variety. Referring to Table 2, for the individual plant heights of 12 varieties of Brassica napus, 27 individual plants were measured for each variety, and the height of the unbolted plant was recorded as "0"; h", in cm.

表2不同品种春播平均株高Table 2 Average plant height of spring sowing of different varieties

Figure BDA0001646078970000082
Figure BDA0001646078970000082

Figure BDA0001646078970000091
Figure BDA0001646078970000091

Claims (9)

1.一种利用植株相对株高鉴定甘蓝型油菜感温特性的方法，其特征在于：所述利用植株相对株高鉴定甘蓝型油菜感温特性的方法包括以下步骤：1. a method of utilizing the relative plant height of plants to identify the temperature-sensing characteristics of Brassica napus, it is characterized in that: the described method utilizing the relative plant heights of plants to identify the temperature-sensing characteristics of Brassica napus may further comprise the steps: 1)将待鉴定甘蓝型油菜品种在大田秋播；所述大田的地方海拔在1800-2200米之间；1) sowing the Brassica napus variety to be identified in the field in autumn; the local altitude of the field is between 1800-2200 meters; 2)在大田秋播后当年的11月至次年3月对待鉴定甘蓝型油菜品种进行覆膜处理，防止极端低温造成冷害；至次年7月初，在油菜盛花期开放时测量大田秋播后所有待鉴定甘蓝型油菜品种的株高h；2) From November to March of the next year after the autumn sowing in the field, the identified Brassica napus variety is covered with film to prevent the extreme low temperature from causing chilling damage; to the beginning of July of the next year, when the rapeseed is in full bloom, measure the after-sowing in the field after autumn sowing. Plant height h of all Brassica napus varieties to be identified; 3)根据测量得到的株高h计算大田秋播植株平均株高
Figure FDA0001646078960000013
所述大田秋播植株平均株高
Figure FDA0001646078960000014
的计算公式是：3) Calculate the average plant height of autumn sowing plants in the field according to the measured plant height h
Figure FDA0001646078960000013
The average plant height of autumn sowing plants in the field
Figure FDA0001646078960000014
The calculation formula is:
Figure FDA0001646078960000011
Figure FDA0001646078960000011
 其中：in:
Figure FDA0001646078960000015
是大田秋播植株平均株高，单位cm；
Figure FDA0001646078960000015
is the average plant height of autumn sowing plants in the field, in cm; h是测量得到的株高，单位cm；h is the measured plant height, in cm; n是大田秋播后油菜盛花期开放时的植株株数；n is the number of plants at the flowering stage of rapeseed after autumn sowing in the field; 4)将经过大田秋播后且能在次年7月油菜盛花期开放所对应的甘蓝型油菜品种进行大田春播，所述大田春播的时间是4月初，所述大田春播的平均温度是15℃，待大田春播后甘蓝型油菜出苗生长不低于90天，测量甘蓝型油菜品种群体内所有植株的株高，记为春播植株株高h＇，将未抽薹的植株高度记做0；4) After the autumn sowing in the field and the cabbage type rape variety that can be opened in the next year's July rapeseed full bloom period, the field spring sowing is carried out, the time of the field spring sowing is the beginning of April, and the average temperature of the field spring sowing is 15 ℃. , after spring sowing in the field, the growth of Brassica napus seedlings is not less than 90 days, and the plant height of all plants in the Brassica napus variety group is measured, recorded as the plant height h' of the spring sowing plant, and the height of the unbolted plant is recorded as 0; 5)根据步骤4)得到的春播植株株高h＇以及步骤3)得到的大田秋播植株平均株高
Figure FDA0001646078960000016
分别对同一个甘蓝型油菜品种进行感温特性判断或对大田秋播时的所有甘蓝型油菜品种进行感温特性判断。5) according to the spring planting plant height h' obtained in step 4) and the average plant height of the field autumn planting plant obtained in step 3)
Figure FDA0001646078960000016
The temperature sensing characteristics of the same Brassica napus variety or all Brassica napus varieties during autumn planting in the field were judged respectively. 2.根据权利要求1所述的利用植株相对株高鉴定甘蓝型油菜感温特性的方法，其特征在于：所述步骤5)中对同一个甘蓝型油菜品种单株进行感温特性判断的具体实现方式是：2. the method that utilizes the relative plant height of plant to identify the temperature-sensing characteristic of Brassica napus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the described step 5), the concrete that the same individual plant of Brassica napus variety is carried out to judge the temperature-sensing property The way to do it is: 根据步骤4)测量得到的春播植株株高h＇以及步骤3)计算得到的大田秋播植株平均株高
Figure FDA0001646078960000017
计算大田春播时的所有甘蓝型油菜品种单株的相对株高Hc；根据所有甘蓝型油菜品种的相对株高Hc判断甘蓝型油菜品种单株的感温特性；所述所有甘蓝型油菜品种单株的相对株高Hc的具体计算方式是：According to the measured plant height h' of spring sowing plants in step 4) and the average plant height of autumn sowing plants in the field calculated in step 3)
Figure FDA0001646078960000017
Calculate the relative plant height Hc of each plant of all Brassica napus varieties during spring sowing in the field; judge the temperature-sensing characteristics of each Brassica napus variety according to the relative plant height Hc of all Brassica napus varieties; the individual plant of all Brassica napus varieties The specific calculation method of the relative plant height Hc is:
Figure FDA0001646078960000012
Figure FDA0001646078960000012
 其中：in: HC是大田春播时的所有甘蓝型油菜品种单株的相对株高；H C is the relative plant height per plant of all Brassica napus varieties during spring sowing in the field; h＇是春播植株株高，单位cm；h' is the plant height of spring sowing plants, in cm;
Figure FDA0001646078960000023
是大田秋播植株平均株高，单位cm。
Figure FDA0001646078960000023
It is the average plant height of autumn sowing plants in the field, in cm. 3.根据权利要求2所述的利用植株相对株高鉴定甘蓝型油菜感温特性的方法，其特征在于：所述根据大田秋播时的所有甘蓝型油菜品种单株的相对株高Hc判断甘蓝型油菜品种单株的感温特性的判断条件是：Hc＝0，感温性最强；0＜Hc≤0.2，感温性较强；0.2＜Hc≤0.4，感温性弱；Hc大于0.4，感温性差。3. the method that utilizes the relative plant height of plant to identify the temperature-sensing characteristic of Brassica napus according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the described cabbage is judged according to the relative plant height Hc of all Brassica napus varieties per plant during autumn sowing in the field The judging conditions for the thermosensitivity of a single plant of rapeseed varieties are: Hc=0, the strongest thermosensitivity; 0<Hc≤0.2, strong thermosensitivity; 0.2<Hc≤0.4, weak thermosensitivity; Hc greater than 0.4 , poor temperature sensitivity. 4.根据权利要求1所述的利用植株相对株高鉴定甘蓝型油菜感温特性的方法，其特征在于：所述步骤5)中对大田秋播时的所有甘蓝型油菜品种进行感温特性判断的具体实施方式是：4. the method that utilizes the relative plant height of plants to identify the temperature-sensing characteristics of Brassica napus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the described step 5), all Brassica napus varieties during autumn sowing in the field are judged for the temperature-sensing characteristics The specific implementation is: 分别计算每一个甘蓝型油菜品种在大田春播的平均株高
Figure FDA0001646078960000024
根据同一个甘蓝型油菜品种在大田春播时的平均株高
Figure FDA0001646078960000026
以及该品种在大田秋播时的平均株高
Figure FDA0001646078960000025
计算该品种的相对株高Hs；根据当前品种的相对株高Hs判断当前甘蓝型油菜品种的感温特性；Calculate the average plant height of each Brassica napus variety in the field in spring
Figure FDA0001646078960000024
According to the average plant height of the same Brassica napus variety during spring sowing in the field
Figure FDA0001646078960000026
And the average plant height of this variety in autumn planting in the field
Figure FDA0001646078960000025
Calculate the relative plant height Hs of the variety; judge the temperature-sensing characteristics of the current Brassica napus variety according to the relative plant height Hs of the current variety; 所述大田春播平均株高
Figure FDA0001646078960000027
的计算方式是：The average plant height of spring sowing in the field
Figure FDA0001646078960000027
is calculated as:
Figure FDA0001646078960000021
Figure FDA0001646078960000021
 其中：in:
Figure FDA0001646078960000028
是大田春播植株时的平均株高，单位cm；
Figure FDA0001646078960000028
is the average plant height of spring sowing plants in the field, in cm; h＇是测量得到的春播植株株高，单位cm；h' is the measured plant height of spring sowing plants, in cm; n是大田春播后油菜盛花期开放时的植株株数；n is the number of plants at the flowering stage of rapeseed after spring sowing in the field; 所述当前品种单株的相对株高Hs的计算方式是：The calculation method of the relative plant height Hs per plant of the current variety is:
Figure FDA0001646078960000022
Figure FDA0001646078960000022
 其中：in: Hs是当前品种的相对株高；Hs is the relative plant height of the current variety;
Figure FDA0001646078960000029
是大田春播植株时的平均株高，单位cm；
Figure FDA0001646078960000029
is the average plant height of spring sowing plants in the field, in cm;
Figure FDA00016460789600000210
是大田秋播植株平均株高，单位cm。
Figure FDA00016460789600000210
It is the average plant height of autumn sowing plants in the field, in cm. 5.根据权利要求4所述的利用植株相对株高鉴定甘蓝型油菜感温特性的方法，其特征在于：所述根据当前品种的相对株高Hs判断当前甘蓝型油菜品种的感温特性的判断条件是：Hs＜0.2，感温性最强，强冬性；0.2≤Hs＜0.3，感温性较强，冬性；0.3≤Hs＜0.4，感温性弱，半冬性；Hs＞0.4，感温性差，春性。5. the method that utilizes the relative plant height of plants to identify the temperature-sensing characteristics of Brassica napus according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the judgment of the temperature-sensing characteristics of the current Brassica napus variety is judged according to the relative plant height Hs of the current variety The conditions are: Hs<0.2, the strongest thermosensitivity, strong winter; 0.2≤Hs<0.3, strong thermosensitivity, winter; 0.3≤Hs<0.4, weak thermosensitivity, semi-winter; Hs>0.4 , poor temperature sensitivity, spring. 6.根据权利要求1或2或3或4或5所述的利用植株相对株高鉴定甘蓝型油菜感温特性的方法，其特征在于：所述待鉴定甘蓝型油菜品种是新油23号、16TS 306-4(春)会宁、16TS306-3选1会宁、16TS 312-2会宁、16TS 309-10会宁、16NPZ 269-1混选、16NPZ 158混选、15NS 45-4混选、2016 8(G)选、2016TS(G)10、天油2266以及天油2288中的多种的组合。6. the method for utilizing the relative plant height of plants to identify the temperature-sensing characteristics of Brassica napus according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5, it is characterized in that: the Brassica napus variety to be identified is Xinyou No. 23, 16TS 306-4 (Spring) Huining, 16TS306-3 election 1 Huining, 16TS 312-2 Huining, 16TS 309-10 Huining, 16NPZ 269-1 mixed election, 16NPZ 158 mixed election, 15NS 45-4 mixed election , 2016 8(G) election, 2016TS(G)10, Tianyou 2266 and Tianyou 2288, a combination of many. 7.根据权利要求6所述的利用植株相对株高鉴定甘蓝型油菜感温特性的方法，其特征在于：所述待鉴定甘蓝型油菜品种在大田秋播时每个品种的植株数量不低于30株。7. the method that utilizes the relative plant height of plants to identify the temperature-sensing characteristics of Brassica napus according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the number of plants of each variety of the Brassica napus variety to be identified is not less than 30 plants. 8.根据权利要求7所述的利用植株相对株高鉴定甘蓝型油菜感温特性的方法，其特征在于：所述待鉴定甘蓝型油菜品种的数量是N；所述大田秋播的植株总数量是M；所述M≥30N+10。8. the method for identifying the temperature-sensing characteristics of Brassica napus according to the relative plant height of plants according to claim 7, is characterized in that: the quantity of the Brassica napus variety to be identified is N; the total number of plants for autumn sowing in the field is M; the M≧30N+10. 9.根据权利要求8所述的利用植株相对株高鉴定甘蓝型油菜感温特性的方法，其特征在于：所述步骤2)中测量大田秋播后所有待鉴定甘蓝型油菜品种的株高h时的条件是油菜盛花期开放的植株数量不小于2/3M；所述M是大田秋播的植株总数量。9. the method that utilizes the relative plant height of plant to identify the temperature-sensitive characteristic of Brassica napus according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: in described step 2), measure the plant height h of all Brassica napus varieties to be identified after autumn sowing in the field The condition is that the number of open plants in the flowering period of rapeseed is not less than 2/3M; the M is the total number of plants sown in autumn in the field.
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