CN106105927B - Method for determining early rice sowing period - Google Patents
Method for determining early rice sowing period Download PDFInfo
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- CN106105927B CN106105927B CN201610567567.6A CN201610567567A CN106105927B CN 106105927 B CN106105927 B CN 106105927B CN 201610567567 A CN201610567567 A CN 201610567567A CN 106105927 B CN106105927 B CN 106105927B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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Abstract
A method for determining the seeding time of early rice, comprising the steps of: (1) determining the early rice sowing temperature period; (2) after 7-10 days in the spring festival, drawing a daily average temperature-time curve graph according to three weather changes of sunny days, cloudy days and rainy days, thereby obtaining the temperature change rhythm of the production area of the early season rice; (3) drawing a 5-day sliding average temperature curve into the daily average temperature-time curve graph obtained in the step (2), and analyzing the relation between the actual change rhythm of the early spring temperature and the theoretical change rhythm; (4) when the local average temperature is close to the seeding temperature of the early rice, determining the seeding time of the early rice in the current year by taking the local conventional seeding time forecast as reference and combining the rule of the curve chart obtained in the step (3); the advantages are that: the method for determining the optimal sowing time of the early rice in the current year by recording the daily average temperature and combining local conventional sowing time forecast and 5-day sliding average air temperature effectively avoids the temperature error caused by adopting a 5-day sliding average air temperature curve.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation and tilth, and particularly relates to a method for determining the seeding time of early rice.
Background
Rice is the main food crop produced and consumed by people in China and Asia, and early rice is an important component in rice production. Since the early sowing time of early rice is early, the sowing effect of the early rice is affected by the unstable temperature of the early rice in the sowing time in the area with insufficient activity temperature. The seeding time of early rice is mainly determined by the data of a meteorological department at present. The method mainly comprises the following steps: the temperature value using the 5-day sliding average corresponds to the temperature requirement of the early rice seeding stage. The specific temperature is based on the temperature index of normal growth of rice seeds (indica rice is more than or equal to 12 ℃, japonica rice is more than or equal to 10 ℃), the temperature of the sowing period is calculated by means of a running average for 5 continuous days, and then the deduced time is the time of the optimal sowing period by using a guarantee rate of 80%.
The temperature profile over the 5-day moving average treatment blurred the daily temperature differences. When the temperature of a day is at a low value, the lower temperature value of the day is represented as a higher temperature value because the higher temperature values of other points are calculated averagely; when the temperature of a day is at a high value, the higher temperature value of the day is also represented as a lower temperature value because the lower temperature values of other points are calculated averagely. So that a difference between the theoretical temperature value and the actual temperature value occurs.
According to the existing calculated time for sowing, if the sowing is in the low-temperature stage, the actual temperature is lower than the predicted temperature, the influence of different degrees on the water rice seeds can be brought, and the rice seeds, buds and seedlings can be rotten in severe cases, so that the yield is reduced; if the temperature is higher after sowing and the actual temperature is higher than the predicted temperature, the seeds germinate smoothly, the rice can grow normally, but the time (accumulated temperature) has a certain loss, and the high yield is not obtained.
In order to avoid the phenomena of seed rot and seedling rot caused by low temperature, producers often adopt a strategy of delaying for a period of time and sow seeds when the temperature rises to a higher level. In a short time range, the influence of temperature change still exists; if the time is too long, a part of the time is lost, which affects the succeeding crops in the production area. Or, the variety with shorter growth period is selected, so that the influence on the succeeding crops can be reduced, but the yield per unit of the rice in the season is reduced. Because, the total photosynthetic accumulation of the cultivar with the shorter growth period is generally less than that of the cultivar with the longer growth period.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical defects, the invention provides a method for determining the early rice seeding time, which is used for determining the accurate early rice seeding time so as to avoid the influence of low temperature on the early rice in the early spring period and reduce low temperature disasters.
A method for determining the seeding time of early rice, comprising the steps of:
(1) collecting the temperature change rule and the historical sowing time data of the early spring of the production place where the early rice is located, and determining the temperature time period and the sowing time period of the early rice sowing;
(2) after 7-10 days in the spring festival, drawing a day average temperature-time curve graph according to three weather changes of sunny days, cloudy days and rainy days, and respectively representing the sunny days, cloudy days and rainy days by adopting points with different characteristics in the curve graph to form an early spring temperature rhythm graph, so as to obtain the actual temperature change rhythm of the early rice production field;
(3) drawing a 5-day sliding average air temperature curve, namely a theoretical change rhythm curve, into the daily average temperature-time curve graph obtained in the step (2), and analyzing the relationship between the actual temperature change rhythm and the theoretical change rhythm in early spring, namely, knowing the relationship between the daily average temperature and the 5-day sliding average air temperature in sunny days, cloudy days and rainy days, and preparing for determining the seeding period of early rice subsequently;
(4) and when the local average temperature is close to the seeding temperature of the early rice, determining the seeding time of the early rice in the current year by taking the local conventional seeding time forecast as a reference and combining the rule of the curve chart obtained in the step (3).
Preferably, the early rice in the step (1) is indica rice or japonica rice, and the sowing temperature of the indica rice is more than or equal to 12 ℃, and the sowing temperature of the japonica rice is more than or equal to 10 ℃;
preferably, in the step (3), it is analyzed that the 5-day rolling average air temperature curve and the temperature-time rhythm curve have a plurality of intersection points, and the curve is distributed above the straight line and near the vertex on a sunny day, the curve is distributed at and near the intersection points on a cloudy day, and the curve is distributed below the intersection points and near the lowest point on a rainy day;
preferably, in the step (4), the determined early rice sowing period needs to meet the requirements of the early rice sowing temperature and the continuous occurrence of 2-3 sunny days after sowing.
The invention relates to a method for determining the sowing time of early rice, which has the advantages that: by recording the daily average temperature rhythm and combining local conventional sowing time forecast and 5-day sliding average air temperature, the method for determining the optimal sowing time of the early rice in the current year can effectively avoid the temperature error caused by adopting a 5-day sliding average air temperature curve and the influences of rotten seeds, rotten buds, rotten seedlings and the like on the seeds caused by local conventional sowing time sowing, so that the seeds can normally develop and obtain high yield after sowing, and the optimal income is brought to farmers.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a temperature-time rhythm diagram of the present invention;
in the figure, the straight line represents the 5-day moving average temperature curve; the wavy line represents the actual temperature rhythm curve plotted by the average temperature in sunny, cloudy, rainy days, and their day.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly understand the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described below:
a method for determining the seeding time of early rice, comprising the steps of:
(1) collecting the temperature change rule and the historical sowing time data of the target prediction land (hereinafter referred to as target land) in early spring, and determining that the sowing time of the predicted rice is more than 12 ℃ (for indica rice) or 10 ℃ (for japonica rice) is within a certain set time (at the moment, the target land is about 4 months and 5 days);
(2) after 10 days in the spring festival, drawing a day average temperature-time curve graph according to three weather changes of sunny days, cloudy days and rainy days, and respectively representing the sunny days, the cloudy days and the rainy days by adopting points with different colors in the curve graph to form an early spring temperature rhythm graph (not shown), so that the actual temperature change rhythm of a predicted target is obtained;
(3) drawing a target 5-day sliding average air temperature curve, namely a theoretical change rhythm curve, into the daily average temperature-time curve graph obtained in the step (2), analyzing the relation between the actual temperature change rhythm and the theoretical change rhythm in early spring, wherein the 5-day sliding average air temperature curve and the temperature-time rhythm curve have a plurality of intersection points, the intersection points are distributed above a straight line and close to the top point on a sunny day, the intersection points are distributed on a cloudy day and close to the intersection points, and the intersection points are distributed on a rainy day and close to the lowest point below the intersection points; from the 5-day moving average temperature of the target site, the local rice planting date is 4 months and 5 days (as shown in fig. 1, the specific time, temperature, etc. are not shown);
(4) when the daily average temperature of a target area is predicted to be close to the temperature required by safe sowing of rice (indica rice-12 ℃ and japonica rice-10 ℃), weather changes are observed, and the weather data of a local weather station for years is combined to display that a section of good weather exists before 4 months and 5 days, and the analysis of the graph obtained in the step (3) shows that the safe sowing temperature of the rice (indica rice-12 ℃ and japonica rice-10 ℃) can be reached in 26 days in 3 months, and the 26 days in 3 months are displayed above a 5-day sliding average temperature curve, and a period of fine time lasts for 26 days in 3 months, and the predicted sowing date, namely 4 months and 5 days, appears below the 5-day sliding average temperature curve, so that the temperature at the moment is lower than the safe sowing temperature of the rice in production, is not beneficial to the early rice seeding.
Finally, indica rice was sown 26 days 3 months, and 7 sunny days continued after sowing, ending by 1 day 4 months. Then cold air invades, the temperature is reduced, the rainfall falls to 4 months and 5 days, the rain and the snow are caught, the temperature is reduced to 4 ℃, therefore, the method for determining the early rice seeding time has high accuracy and can obtain high yield.
Production practices prove that in the temperature range (indica rice-12 ℃ and japonica rice-10 ℃) meeting the requirement of safe sowing of rice, after the rice seeds absorbing sufficient moisture are sowed, the rice seeds can break breast and stand up on 2-3 continuous sunny days until the rice seeds are resistant to low temperature before the weaning period (3-leaf period). The subsequent relatively low temperature can promote the seedling to be strong, thereby achieving the effect of cultivating strong seedlings.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (4)
1. A method for determining the sowing time of early rice is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting the temperature change rule and the historical sowing time data of the early spring of the production place where the early rice is located, and determining the sowing temperature time period of the early rice;
(2) after 7-10 days in the spring festival, drawing a day average temperature-time curve graph according to three weather changes of sunny days, cloudy days and rainy days, and respectively representing the sunny days, cloudy days and rainy days by adopting points with different colors in the curve graph to form an early spring temperature rhythm graph, thereby obtaining the temperature change rhythm of the production area of early rice;
(3) drawing a 5-day sliding average air temperature curve, namely a theoretical change rhythm curve, into the daily average temperature-time curve graph obtained in the step (2), and analyzing the relationship between the actual temperature change rhythm and the theoretical change rhythm in early spring, namely, knowing the relationship between the daily average temperature and the 5-day sliding average air temperature in sunny days, cloudy days and rainy days, and preparing for determining the seeding period of early rice subsequently;
(4) and when the local average temperature is close to the seeding temperature of the early rice, determining the seeding time of the early rice in the current year by taking the local conventional seeding time forecast as a reference and combining the rule of the curve chart obtained in the step (3).
2. The method for determining the early rice seeding time according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), early rice is indica rice or japonica rice, and the sowing temperature of the indica rice is more than or equal to 12 ℃ and the sowing temperature of the japonica rice is more than or equal to 10 ℃.
3. The method for determining the early rice seeding time according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (3), the analysis shows that the 5-day moving average temperature curve and the daily average temperature-time curve have a plurality of intersection points, and the intersection points are distributed above a straight line and close to a vertex on a sunny day, the intersection points and the vicinity of the intersection points on a cloudy day, and the intersection points and the vicinity of a lowest point on a rainy day.
4. The method for determining the early rice seeding time according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (4), the determined early rice sowing period needs to meet the requirements of the early rice sowing temperature and the continuous occurrence of 2-3 sunny days after sowing.
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| CN201610567567.6A CN106105927B (en) | 2016-07-19 | 2016-07-19 | Method for determining early rice sowing period |
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| CN201610567567.6A CN106105927B (en) | 2016-07-19 | 2016-07-19 | Method for determining early rice sowing period |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108898260A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-11-27 | 内蒙古自治区生态与农业气象中心（内蒙古自治区气象卫星遥感中心） | Agricultural production prediction technique based on temperature |
| CN111737652A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-10-02 | 四川省草原科学研究院 | Method, system, storage medium and terminal for determining low-altitude migration feeding time of yaks |
| CN113052368B (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2021-09-10 | 中化现代农业有限公司 | Crop sowing time prediction method and system |
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| Optimum sowing date and cultivar duration of dry-seeded boro on the High Ganges River Floodplain of Bangladesh;Ahmed, S 等;《Field crops research》;20151031;第190卷(第 特刊 期);91-102 * |
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