CN1262030A - Underground water-flowing job type ecological agriculture using ground temp and storing natural heat or cold underground - Google Patents

Abstract

An underground water-flowing job type of ecological agriculture comprises the three techniques: underground storage of cold and heat resoure, underground water flow production of edible funguses and all-the-year high-quality culture of vegetables, flowers and some animals. The underground storage is built up for storing cold, heat, solar energy and industrial afterheat in order to comprehensive utilization of geothermic resource, temp difference and potential difference. The edible funguses can be cultured all the year around. The dormancy period of vegetable or flower can be artificially elongated as will for increasing their values. It can eliminate the dormancy of cold blood animals so as to raise the breeding efficiency.

Description

Utilize the underground water-flowing job type ecological agriculture of ground temperature and storing natural heat or cold underground

The present invention relates to the handy and edible mushroom of the exploitation of agricultural resources, vegetables, flowers, breeding production technology.

Edible mushroom, vegetables and flower cultivation method mainly are divided three classes by the application and the regulation and control of temperature at present, promptly use cultivating by the sky of natural temperature; Take to be incubated protection ground cultivation of heating and the factory culture that relies on production environments such as artificial regulatory temperature fully cold season.But, because low temperature kind during the overwhelming majority of edible mushroom and flowers belongs to, also have in the vegetables and belong to the cool plant of happiness greatly, so, require lower kind for growth temperature, adopt by day cultivation and can only just can produce the product that has good quality in nice and cool season in spring and autumn, high temperature season is product of poor quality then, even can not produce product; Though adopt the cultivation of protection ground can remedy the production vacancy of cold season, but directly absorb on solar energy and artificial fuel heat only being confined to brooder or greenhouse aspect the temperature adjusting, the former still is subjected to directly influencing of extraneous weather, is difficult to the temperature environment that reaches desirable, and the latter then is the cost height; Though factory culture has overcome external environment influence cold in winter and hot in summer, but carry out anniversary, thermophilic, high-quality production, but investment is big, the cost height.That is to say, in the production process of present edible mushroom, vegetables and flowers, the utilization of atural beat resource only rests on the level of direct absorption solar energy, the utilization of natural resources also belongs to blank, underground ground temperature resource cool in summer and warm in winter, in one day high night in daytime low temperature difference per day resource, ebb electric resources at night still incompetent technology of popularizing in an all-round way in agricultural production.Except that temperature factor, the carbonic acid gas factor in moisture content factor in the edible fungus culturing and the vegetable or flower cultivation is another factor of restriction product quality and quantity.The main mode of edible fungus culturing is a substituting stuff cultivation at present, and its method for supplementing water is punching immersion and pipeline instillation etc., and the common deficiency that exists is that workload is big, and moisturizing is inhomogeneous.Just because of lacking a kind of convenience, method for supplementing water accurately, so present cultivation is: required moisture content during many batches of fruitings after just pre-too much adding the in initial medium batching, thereby make mycelium be in a moisture content from the beginning too much and in the very few uncomfortable growing environment of space and air, fruiting repeatedly afterwards, after the medium dehydration was more, mycelium was in again in the uncomfortable growing environment that a moisture content lacks.And be that nutrition and pH value can not get additional and adjusting promptly and accurately by the chain problem that the moisture content inequality causes.The production of whole edible mushroom does not reach optimum state from temperature, moisture content basically to nutrition and pH value.In the vegetables and the production of flowers and plants; particularly in protection ground produces; the carbonic acid gas ubiquity not foot phenomenon; and the method that enriches carbonic acid gas at present in the greenhouse mainly is application of organic fertilizers and the artificial carbonic acid gas that directly replenishes; but the weakness that the weak and source of manure fertility deficiency in strong earlier back is arranged by fertilizer dispensing carbonic acid gas; the existing cost height of artificial dispensing carbonic acid gas has the deficiency that produces contradiction with the ventilation heating and cooling again.And on the other hand, in the production process of edible mushroom, the gas of high carbon dioxide content but can't utilize and be taken as waste gas and dump.Carbonic acid gas and residual heat resources in rural area lime and the brick and tile production have a high potential especially, but also for want of effectively utilize method at present and waste, can say like this that what lack in the hothouse production at present is not carbonic acid gas, but the evaluation and exploration technology of carbonic acid gas resource.Additional phenomenon during vegetables produce is exactly, vegetables famous and precious generally and that have good quality are many in the output in early spring, supply time is extremely of short duration, and in extremely short supply time again with first planting product quality the best, quality is not fallen by stubble later on, until losing edibility, as Chinese toon, fiddlehead, leek, common vetch dish etc.In recent years, breaking dormancy ahead of time, utilize greenhouse culture output around the Spring Festival as early spring quality cultivation method generally promotes, still prolong dormancy, the technology of treasure vegetables such as anniversary production first planting Chinese toon, fiddlehead and leek is not appeared in the newspapers as yet.Also existing same phenomenon in the production of flowers, be typical nutrition storage type and low form flowers as the rare flower Chinese herbaceous peony, and people can only just can view and admire to obtain in spring.Utilize natural cooling and heating to make it prolong dormancy, the culture technique of blooming in the breaking dormancy thermophilic anniversary does not also see that report is arranged at any time.Development and use from other resource, though edible fungus culturing is without the field, but since the outdoor cool canopy culture technique of the eighties edible mushroom is promoted, the outdoor farmland scaffolding that takies is cultivated very general, and land utilization rate is very low, along with the rapid increase of Edible Fungi amount, the gesture that takies the farmland is also more for strong.In the rural area, the plant straw, weeds, plant type organics such as leaf are very abundant, this is a very big wealth theoretically, but the level that does not reach as yet a large amount of plant straw trans-utilizations of applying owing to present biotechnology, and along with the raising of life of farmers level, people are seldom with its heating of cooking, so, at present to the processing method of plant straw etc., the one, on-site incineration causes environmental pollution, even influence aviation and become big public hazards, the 2nd, run its course on the spot and to rot, little and insect etc. has been created life condition for little life, becomes a big hidden danger of the extermination of disease and insect pest.In the raising of animal, temperature factor is very important, at present heat the measure that the many employings in aspect manually heat in the winter time,, can reach the level of thermophilic substantially though cost is higher, but aspect cooling in summer, the way of taking at present mostly is measures such as water spray, ventilation and sunshade, and cooling extent is very limited, is difficult to temperature adjusting to the level near thermophilic, cooling in summer has become big a factor, the particularly breed of the wild rare animal of low temperature of restriction aquaculture.Although being arranged for a long time, the ecological agriculture production technology of animal, plant and microorganism complementarity and mutual benefit in agriculture periodical and books, reports popularization, but the example of successful implementation seldom, is to lack a kind of effective tie that can connect the three and cause the main cause of this phenomenon.From present pertinent literature both domestic and external and patent announcement document, still not having the natural cooling and heating of utilization resource stores, facilitate ground temperature, temperature difference per day and day difference comprehensive utilization, the temperature of production site is significantly raise or significantly reduce and carry out the technology and the patented invention of edible mushroom, vegetables, flowers and animal-breeding.

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention has three: one, the underground storage of cold and hot resource.Utilize the natural insulation resource of soil rock stratum good heat insulating, at underground construction depots, cold resource, the thermal resource in summer, the solar energy in anniversary and the industrial or agricultural waste heat long term storage in winter are got up, reach with this and to utilize the natural cooling and heating resource, can heat up in winter and produce, more can be in the purpose of cooling production in summer.Its two, the edible mushroom underground water is produced.The exploitation deep under ground is cool in summer and warm in winter, the ground temperature resource that anniversary is constant relatively, utilize cold and hot storage and temperature difference per day, electricity difference source per day, with the concrete kind of basement according to edible fungus culturing, press mycelial growth, the different time cycle and the different temperatures requirement of fruit body differentiation and sporophore growth, a flow production line will be adjusted between a plurality of productions, cooperate the vertical cultivation frame of belt wheel again and whenever adopt one batch of mushroom and can both make things convenient for and give moisture content exactly, the box-type culture technology of the additional and pH value adjusting of nutrition, thereby reach and to open up " go to the field ", reduce cultivated land occupancy, again can be in the high quality edible fungus production of continuous productive process formula of following anniversary of suitable growing environment.Its three, vegetable or flower is cultured the anniversary high-quality and is produced.(1) utilizes cold resource and storage thereof in winter, perennial perennial root, shrub and napiform root class nutrition storage type vegetables and flowers are artificially prolonged resting stage, thereby reach throughout the year breaking dormancy at any time, and fully utilize cold and hot storage, ground temperature, temperature difference per day and day differ from four large resources, facilitate the anniversary high-quality to produce.(2) basement being regulated and control to become to be suitable for plant has the long hot room of photoproduction and the low temperature chamber of unglazed growth, utilizes per 12 hours two Room of wheel carrier plant to exchange and carries out flowing water production, thereby reach the purpose of anniversary thermophilic cultivation.(3) utilize the insulation resource of heat-storage and soil rock, in underground construction preserving fruit and vegetable utilizing, refrigeration and cold treatment storehouse.(4) utilize heat-storage and ground temperature resource, carry out the anniversary thermophilic and culture.The comprehensive development and utilization that differs from four large resources with cold and hot storage, ground temperature, temperature difference per day and day is a tie, facilitates edible mushroom, plants the new ecological agricultural model of growing and culturing.

One of the present invention's the underground storage of cold and hot resource at first is this insulation resource of having utilized the thermal conduction of soil poor performance.Quote " climate in china introduction " book data, with the Beijing area for exemplify the example explanation.In Beijing the coldest January, its extreme minimum air temperature is-22.6 ℃, and mean minimum temperature is-10.3 ℃, and the ground temperature of underground 3.2 meters depths is 12.7 ℃; In the hottest July, the extreme maximum air temperature is 39.6 ℃, and average maximum air temperature is 30.7 ℃, and underground 3.2 meters depths only are 13.9 ℃.The coldest month on the ground in January, and underground 3.2 meters depths are in September, 5 meters depths are in November.Cold and hot in soil 5 meters dark need of conduction 4 months.The extreme on the ground temperature difference is up to 62.6 ℃, and the underground extreme temperature difference is 7.8 ℃ 3.2 meters depths, 5 meters depths are 2.8 ℃, it is 0 ℃ when reaching 8 meters depths, promptly be not subjected to directly influencing of extraneous cold and hot weather, be in a constant temperature level 8 meters depths, form one relative, the external world is cold and hot can not advance the cold and hot such insulation environment just as the glass liner of thermos function that goes out not go again of the inside.The present invention is exactly these natural resources that utilized underground insulation, at underground construction depots, in natural cold and heat resource cold in winter and hot in summer being stored in, for utilizing in anti-season again.Form a new temperature effect district because the quilt storage is cold and hot again underground, so the optimal cladding thickness of storage freezer should be underground below 16 meters.Also because the thermal source of storage heat reservoir removes atural beat air place, derive from solar energy heating and industrial or agricultural waste heat more at most, its temperature is considerably beyond the natural maximum air temperature, if will store in underground far above the high temperature resource of natural high-temperature, its temperature pattern also is far above in 8 meters, so the cladding thickness of storage heat reservoir is thicker, concrete thickness should be decided on the massif size with by the storage temperature.Cold and hot depots has totally five kinds on A type, Type B, C type and auxiliary depots a type, b type.Fig. 1 is the A type depots front schematic view that is built in the mountain, the main body of depots be one wide for 1.2-1.5 rice, height is a 1.7-2.0 rice, the top is the long hole of the bar shaped of pinnacle shape, hole length is decided by massif and investment, the bottom in hole is to be 30 * 30 centimetres ventilating duct with the headroom that brick and concrete prefabricated board build up, ventilating duct can be one, also can be different many of length, the effect of many ventilating ducts is cold and hot segmentation in the hole can be store into and taken out, cover one deck 30-50 centimetre thick soil and compacting on the passage again, 6 is earthing.Cold and hot medium for storing is a rock in the hole, substitutes at packed sand of regional available plastics that lacks rock or dress soil.The protection lining cutting is not done in whole storage hole, need select the good massif of soil property during excavation, can do interim protection if necessary, removes interim protection when waiting to put into rock, with the double ballistic support of doing of rock.When colod-application, covering one deck plastic sheeting for farm use around the hole, be beneficial to hot-air and change when cold condensed water and can discharge outside the hole as storage.Fig. 2 is a profilograph, and a is the hole ventilation duct, and b, c, d are respectively 1,2, No. 3 pipeline and the place that is communicated with that stores the hole, are built into a communication channel that porosity is big in connection place with brick or precast concrete.Fig. 3 is the ventilating duct cutaway view, and 1/3rd, No. 2 roads that No. 1 ventilating duct is a whole storage hole length are 2/3rds long, and No. 3 roads are the whole length that pass straight through to the end.Among Fig. 14 is diameter 10 centimetre lengths more than 5 meters, perpendicular to the hole length direction, and the horizontal soil cave of the aperture on the two side, hole.Fig. 4 is the small holes digger blade, and 1 is watt shape shovel head of 10 centimetres of diameters, and 2 is spade, and 3 is 30 centimetres at interval, and angle of release 80 degree can rely on self gravitation to make things convenient for the casting shovel of folding.4 is the spade joint, long 90 centimetres of every handle.Big both sides correspondence of storing the hole there is not the hole, in order to producing handle bigger operating range is arranged.In digging process, casting is shoveled when the handle lower position, and whenever mobile spade is more than 30 centimetres, just soil quarrel in the hole outwards can be discharged step by step, digs whenever into that 90 centimetres of continued access one handles continue to dig into, until scraping out.Small holes interlaces up and down with interval 1-2 rice and spreads all over whole storage hole, in small holes, place 7 centimetres of diameters again, the plastic water bag of length and hole appearance etc., bag length plastics ventilation duct of attached diameter 0.5-1.0 centimetre on water bag downstream, the little ventilation duct of each aperture inserts total ventilation duct again No. 5, the hole is pushed up non-horizontal apertures hole and is not established water bag, only puts little ventilation duct, in No. 5 total ventilation ducts of an access of pipe.Plastic water bag also will be reserved expansion leeway according to storage heat reservoir thermal expansion and the freezing expansion of storage freezer.All ventilation shafts are from underground introducing workplace.The hole earthen backfill of depots, backfill thickness are no less than 10 meters.Storing cold process is, when extraneous nighttime temperature is starkly lower than storehouse temperature, with fan blower cold air is sent into from No. 3 ventilating ducts, discharge from a pipe or No. 5 pipes, or send into from 1 from No. 5 pipes, 2, No. 3 passage is discharged, make rock and water bag fully absorb low-temperature receiver through the supercooled air heat exchange, when discharging temperature when sending into temperature, fan blower inserts another storage freezer air-supply, to stay certain hour to absorb low-temperature receiver by soil in the storehouse, treat that fan blower one by one with after all storage freezer air-supplies one time, starts anew to carry out second again and takes turns air-supply, out-of-blast when the second weather temperature rise so repeatedly, stay allow it fully absorb a daytime, when evening, temperature descended again row to repeat the air-supply storage cold, so day by day in storage is chilled to the hole around deep soil fully absorb low-temperature receiver, steady temperature equals outside the hole to store during the minimum air temperature the coldest day night the cold junction bundle in the hole in.When from freezer, taking out low-temperature receiver, can take out by the switch-segment of each ventilation shaft of control, as air is sent into from a pipe, discharge from No. 1 ventilating duct after the ab section of footpath, or discharge from No. 2 ventilating ducts after the ac section of footpath, also air can be sent into from No. 1 ventilating duct, discharge from No. 2 ventilating ducts after the bc section of footpath.The benefit that segmentation is taken out is: (1) can will regulate and control into different humidity provinces in the depots, can choose different temperature source wantonly according to producing needs.(2) Cooling and Heat Source take out step by step from the hole Cooling and Heat Source that helps being stored in the wall soil of storehouse have time enough pursue the joint discharge.(3) the condensation frost obstruction that utilizes minimizing storage freezer is arranged.The thermal source of storage heat reservoir is the hot-air on daytime, and its method of storing into and taking out is identical with the cold process of storage.For storage heat more, the storage heat reservoir has been set up solar energy heating and firewood stove thermal-arrest, solar energy heating can directly be purchased with the various solar thermal collectors on the market, also can make full use of the self-built native formula solar energy heating of the wide advantage in rural area hole, promptly the storage heat reservoir near area without shade, dig out the pan bottom shape thermal-arrest hole of 3 meters dark 1.3 meters of diameters earlier at subsurface, pitted surface becomes thick 6-10 centimetre shaggy absorbing surface with the 37 lime earth rammed that is mixed with the 5-10% jet-black, support with the angle bow type of bamboo chip around the hole, ground by solar energy heating, plastic foil is tailored the tight covering in bonding back according to shape, outside plastic foil, use 10 * 10 centimetres nylon wire to cover again and fixed, establish inlet and outlet in both sides, thermal-arrest hole and be native formula solar energy heating hole.Thermal-arrest hole can be used separately, also can a plurality ofly be connected into one group, also can be again and be unified into a big group with a plurality of series connection group, with obtain higher temperature and more air volume carry storage hot to the storage heat reservoir.When utilizing solar energy heating in parallel hole high temperature to store when hot, if when the gas temperature of discharging is higher than outside air temperature, can send discharging high-temperature gas into thermal-arrest hole air inlet again, form circulation heat cycles storage heat.In order to reduce the heat radiation at night of solar energy heating hole, can on each series connection group, add a plastic canopy and carry out night insulation.This solar energy heating method can be carried out thermal-arrest storage heat throughout the year.Bavin standing grain incinerator acts as a fuel with plant straw, weeds and leaf etc. and carries out thermal-arrest storage heat; be to have made full use of the advantage that the storage heat reservoir can " installment "; fragmentary organic matter is burned at any time all and can effectively store; and than solar energy heating; can deposit the higher thermal source of temperature by collection; the carbonic acid gas that can be directly used in protection ground after the flue gas ash removal temperature adjustment enriches, and ash also can be gone back the field.Another advantage of burning storage heat is that the autumn and winter are with when the heat, also be various straws, also be in the various straw outputs, the time match ratio is more reasonable, even summer crop straw, even house refuse, also can utilize depots to burn storage heat, the advantage of storage in summer heat has been that also time enough deep soil around the storage heat reservoir stores.Fig. 5 is a bavin standing grain incinerator schematic diagram, and 1 is burner hearth, and 2 is thermal-collecting tube, and 3 is inline general formula thermal-arrest net road, furnace wall, and 4 is fan blower, and 5 send into pipe for cold air, and 6 is the hot-air discharge pipe, and 7 is chimney.Thick native covering and heat insulating around the whole incinerator, or be built in the mountain near the mountain.Burn storage and in burner hearth, burn preheating earlier when hot, with fan blower cold air is sent into from the low-temperature space of chimney portion then, run through to discharge from the temperature highest region again after the inside and outside heat absorption of whole burner hearth and send into the storage heat reservoir.The characteristics of A type depots are, have both utilized the heat-insulating property of soil, have utilized the shelf characteric of soil thermal storage again.Rock in the depots had both play stores cold and hot storage effect, has also play to storehouse wall deep layer and has transmitted two cold and hot biography effects, so the scope of depots should be whole temperature effect zone, the major part of storage capacity will be stored in the wall deep soil of storehouse.Owing to be stored as the master with storehouse wall soil, rock medium is stored as auxilliary, so the structure of depots should be to win victory with long, vertically transmits, and laterally stores.A type storage heat reservoir can be that thermal source is stored with the industrial furnace waste heat also.A type depots more is better than storage heat.

The Type B depots is to be medium for storing with water, what water was stored and the soil storage is laid equal stress on, be more suitable for storing cold depots.On structure, also with the same light section excavation in A type storehouse, win victory with long in the Type B storehouse.Ventilating duct and both sides, hole small holes and A type storehouse are identical, and different is that the Type B storehouse adopts brick wall to add dividing plate, and layering is placed plastic water bag and carried out cold and hot storage.Fig. 6 is a Type B depots schematic cross-sectional view, 1 is brick wall, 2 is the concrete active clapboard, 3 is plastic water bag, 4 is little water bag and little ventilation duct in small holes and the hole, 5 are the concentrated ventilation duct of small holes, 6 is ventilation shaft as shown in Figure 3,7 is earthing, dotted line is expressed as hole tip position when excavating for the first time among the figure, when two brick-on-edge walls of ventilating duct under the hole and ground floor dividing plate build up in place after, can upwards excavation, walling once more more than dividing plate, establish dividing plate, make progress so layer by layer, can build up the multiple field depots as required.Owing to the brick wall protection is arranged, so the width in hole should be extended to 1.5-2.0 rice.Height between the two-layer dividing plate depend primarily on plastic sack intensity, stack height and reserve three factors of height that expand, can decide as the case may be, but plastic sack can be made a plurality of strength criterions the pressure difference of bearing according to different levels and reasonable disposition.The diameter of plastic water bag with 8-12 centimetre for well.Each plastic sack all will be according to being reserved expansion leeway by the storage temperature, and every layer also will reserve the expansion space.Vertical at whole depots, the hole is laterally cut off with thickening plastic foil or plastic plate every 5-10 rice.Plastic foil (or plate) is gone up and to be made a call to a diameter every 10 centimetres is 3 centimetres aperture, in one side towards the hole, above the hole in the headspace, on each aperture, add one 5 * 5 centimetres the activity soft board that keeps out the wind again, when making ventilation heat exchange, cold wind after delivering to the hole end, ventilating duct under the hole is discharged through the unidirectional air vent in top, hole again, thereby make the superiors' water bag at first heat exchange freeze, the space increases behind the water bag freezing expansion, this moment cold wind is changed from positive hole and send into, because of unidirectional keeping out the wind arranged, so can only be from the space that increases because of expansion piecemeal by and under the hole ventilating duct discharge, so, water bag successively freezes from top to down, the space successively moves down, until with the water bag freeze all.Unimpeded for guaranteeing to ventilate, also water bag can be discharged by close vertical the dredging of horizontal stroke, to increase vertical hole.Ventilating duct is terminal at the bottom of the hole, Type B storehouse communicates with each layer is all vertical.The cold and hot storage in Type B storehouse is advanced with removing method and A type storehouse identical.Store when cold in the not enough area of low-temperature receiver in the winter time, needs to build in the mountain the cold refrigeration of the auxiliary storage of a type storehouse.The structure in a type storehouse is wide 1.5-2.0 rice, and is high 2 meters, two brick-on-edge walls, the long hole of concrete prefabricated board on the top, the vertical and horizontal close multi-group heat exchanger of establishing in hole in the hole is because of hole compressed air refrigeration, so hole and all facilities are handled by design pressure, establish one 30 * 30 centimetres ventilating duct at the bottom of the hole.The function in a type storehouse has two, and one is a medium with the cold air, and is cold to the storage of storehouse wall deep subsoil by ventilation heat exchange.Its two, compressed air refrigeration.The Type B Cooley with a type storehouse cold process of refrigeration storage is: earlier logical cold air is cold to the cooling storage of a type storehouse, at the beginning of 1 month, reach the level that storehouse temperature equates with the minimum air temperature outside the storehouse, utilize ebb electricity consumption and low temperature air then at night, cold air is compressed into a type storehouse with air compressor, and make its pressure reach design pressure, meanwhile also send the heat that swaps out in the heat exchanger in the storehouse and heat up because of the pressure increase with the cold air normal pressure, and with thermal energy storage in the storage heat reservoir in, when treating that temperature is close outside storehouse temperature and the storehouse, the storage freezer is delivered in cold high pressure air decompression cooling stored.So, even local no natural freezing also can make full use of the minimum air temperature by the low-temperature receiver of compression refrigeration acquisition far below 0 ℃, there is not the purpose that ice can be store in the ice area thereby reach.Compressed air refrigeration storage cold process, the storage of both can having freezed in the winter time is cold, also can be in the now-making-now-using in summer.Because very convenient with the plastic sack retaining, can not store the area so have ice in the abundant but lack of water of low-temperature receiver, can the retaining in summer, winter, cold wind freezed, and equally can reach does not have the purpose that ice can be store in the ice area yet.The Type B storehouse is identical with the cold method of storage when hot in storage, will be adapted with fusing point, intensity and the reservation swell increment of plastic sack but store temperature.Outside the storage heat that dewaters, can also be with other phase-change material, place as scale wax, magnesium chloride hexahydrate etc. and not take place in the plastic sack or case that component separates, and then be stacked in and carry out phase change heat storage in the depots.Once investment is big though utilize phase-change material storage heat, and the storage heat is big, and long-term benefit is good.The Type B depots is suitable for storing cold most.

C type storage freezer also is to require to build depots in the Yushan Hill according to the soil insulation, and the be C type storage freezers different with A, Type B are long holes of big volume that directly are used for storing ice of big section, tunnel type.Its structure can be the long hole of hundreds of rice of mechanical equivalent of light excavation, concrete cast, the automobile that can pass through, and also can be the hand excavation, hole two brick-on-edge walls, the small-sized tunnel of concrete prefabricated board protection on the top.Storage process is that at first logical cold air is cold to the storage of storehouse wall soil, then ready-made ice frozen in river or the reservoir is directly fetched and be stored in the storehouse, in storage ice process, continue the cold wind ventilation and store, make whole storage freezer reach minimum temperature in the storehouse in January wall soil temperature and Ku Nei ice temperature.Also water directly can be injected in the storehouse, in the storehouse, freeze, successively add water and successively freeze, till will icing storage completely by cold air circulation heat exchange.Hole multi-layer heat preserving door heat-insulation and heat-preservation.The characteristics of C type storage freezer are once to invest greatly, and the storage cold is also big, and are at a specified future date profitable, are suitable for large-scale production and use.C type storage heat reservoir is the waste heat depots in the industrial comprehensive resources development and use such as rural area brick and tile, lime and pottery.Because industrial furnace is heat extraction temperature height on the one hand, heat exhaust is big in unit interval on the other hand, so also just being can absorb in the short time, the function of C type storage heat reservoir stores a large amount of industrial exhaust heats, at any time thermophilic is supplied in production then, the storage heat pattern of the such short period circulation of storing again usefulness after using up again of waiting to store heat.The structure of C type storage heat reservoir also is the big section tunnel that is built in the mountain, whole tunnel is made up of a plurality of cisterns, one group of heat exchanger is installed in each cistern, store when hot the industrial furnace waste heat is sent into heat exchanger in the pond by high-temperature blower, give second, third pond to continue heat absorption storage heat after the heat absorption of first pond again.Higher because of C type storehouse bulk temperature, so final gas temperature of discharging is still higher from C type storehouse, these high temperature airs can be sent A type or Type B storehouse carry out the second time again and store for the third time, can deposit and dump up to no heat.The hole of storage heat reservoir covers with thick soil, only stays one can store the usefulness that hot hypothermic phase carries out maintenance and inspection and moisturizing at Ku Neifei for the passage of People's Bank of China, the passage heat insulation or interim earthing insulation of thermal insulating door thermally insulated door.Because C type storage heat reservoir is the short period depots, institute thinks that reducing investment also can build thick native covering and heat insulating around the storehouse on the spot.The comprehensive resources of shaft kiln industry such as rural area brick and tile, lime utilizes pattern to be: stove industry and thermal energy storage, edible mushroom, vegetables, flowers and aquaculture are thermally bonded winter, will be arranged in main campaign of industry on the stove winter with heat big period.What at first utilize in its comprehensive resources is exactly waste heat, next is the carbonic acid gas utilization, what benefit was best in the carbonic acid gas utilization is limestone kiln production, because the carbonic acid gas that produces except that the coal burning in lime is produced, have 44% to be converted into carbonic acid gas when lime stone burns till quicklime.Carbonic acid gas can be directly used in production, also can be with at that time with surplus liquid preservation that be compressed into, and it is used to be used for protection ground production in summer.The 3rd utilization be the moisture absorption heat release function of quicklime, quicklime is put between basement edible mushroom and vegetable or flower production (seeing the back for details), both but moisture absorption reduced relative air humidity, but heat release heats again, treats that quicklime moisture absorption heat release reaches at 80% o'clock and keeps dry in the income storehouse in order to later stage production calcium hydroxide.The 4th utilization then be limewash when producing calcium hydroxide.Limewash is to protect disinfectant commonly used in the ground production, protects ground production edible mushrooms and vegetable or flower in a large number the anniversaries, all will regularly sterilize with the production apparatus between it is produced, and limewash production is combined with sterilization, can reduce many spendings of sterilization aspect.After the various utilizations of resources in the lime production be that product is sold with the lime paste.No matter be that positive product or by product can both reduce cost greatly after the full use so, and the key of facilitating the lime comprehensive resources to develop also is the storage utilization of waste heat.

The auxiliary depots of b type is that a kind of investment is very little, and what cold and hot storage was also less both can build independent use separately, is more suitable for building the comprehensive simple and easy depots that uses in uniting with A, B, C type depots.Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram that the auxiliary depots of b type is built separately.At first select soil property good, the Tu Shan that massif is suitable, a moat ditch is dug at the place at the foot of the hill, excavates in the mountain from moat ditch bottom with angle that obliquely can automatic soil-discharging, reduces casting frictional force for reducing gradient, can carry out casting at Dong Dipu one deck plastic sheeting for farm use.The cross dimensions in hole is wide 1-1.2 rice, high 1.5-1.8 rice, and the top is a point circle shape.The purpose of light section excavation is to exempt to do protection.Store the hole can scrape out terminal for case type, i.e. a part among the figure, also visual massif size along b to or along c to digging out ground.During as enclosed type, if being used to store heat then needs at the bottom of the hole to go out a ventilating duct with brick, cover 50-100 centimetre thick soil above, Tu Yuan upwards excavates from the top and obtains, make the step formula with the overburden soil compacting and along the hole length direction then, stack plastic water bag on the step to do second thermal medium, 1 in the cut-away view is ventilating duct, 2 step surfaces for making after the backfill soil compacting, dotted portion is the auxiliary storage of b type heat reservoir among the figure.If be used to store and then need do two intercommunication formula ventilating ducts up and down when cold, article two, in the middle of the ventilating duct with 50-100 centimetre the thick soil phase every, on the ventilating duct of upper strata earthing 50-100 centimetre and make the step formula again, also put plastic water bag on its step, 3 is the upper strata ventilating duct among the figure, two ventilating ducts and the main hole terminal intercommunication in the hole up and down, 4 are secondary backfill soil, 5 is hole base frame terrace, and solid line partly is the storage freezer among the figure, and depots ventilating duct internal diameter is 30 * 30 centimetres.The purpose that the storage freezer is established two ventilating ducts is to be the anti-wet hole of condensed water body when taking out low-temperature receiver, changes by the turnover of 1,3 twice coldly can overcome the problems referred to above when taking out low-temperature receiver.The b type assists the same A of depots, the same soil cave that spiles in the both sides, hole in Type B storehouse to put water bag again to advance to spread out of cold and hot to pass, for reducing investment, not establish ventilation equipment on the water bag, and only with the good characteristic of water conductivity, autobiography is cold and hot, and 6 is small holes among the figure.When the auxiliary depots of b type is a non-enclosed type when digging out ground, the storage heat reservoir can not established ventilating duct at the bottom of the hole, and the storage freezer then only need be established a ventilating duct.Establish a band valve ventilation duct digging out ground place, then with the hole to be no less than 8 meters degree of depth backfilling compaction.Change for ventilation afterwards and to obtain air colder or cleaning when cold and hot, also can dig 50-100 centimetre, divide into pipeline ventilation duct is caused mountain top or other Anywhere, then earthen backfill is tamped along subsurface.The benefit of digging out ground is to store into or take out when cold and hot more convenient in the mode of ventilating.Can from the hilltop extract temperature lower air when cold summer, stores winter and also can extract colder air from the hilltop when cold.No matter freezer or heat reservoir also can both extract the ventilation that more clean air is used for producing from the mountain, help the extermination of disease and insect pest.Store cold and hot process and A, the Type B storehouse is just the same.B type storehouse and A, B, when build together in C type storehouse, must right and wrong case type, it be that b type storehouse is built in the terminal of A, B, C type storehouse and dug out ground that the best is built mode jointly, also can set up b type storehouse in the many places, both sides in A, B, C type storehouse.The cold refrigeration of the auxiliary storage of A, B, C type depots and a type storehouse both can be built Tu Shanzhong in, also can build in the tor, and only the auxiliary depots of b type can only be built in the good native mountain of soil property.No matter which kind of depots, the air of sending in the storehouse all will be through filtering, to reduce the material of support one's family in the storehouse thing and insect existence.When in the storehouse pollution being arranged, can be by sending into the sterilization that carries out disinfection of gaseous sterilants such as sulphur flue gas.

The present invention's two, the key of edible mushroom underground water production technology is to utilize cold and hot resource to store and facilitate the development and use once more of development and use of ground temperature resources effective and soil insulation resource.Shown in " climate in china is avoided opinion " book data, the ground temperature in 3.2 meters depths January and July is respectively in Chinese different temperatures zone: 5.9 ℃ of Harbin January, 4.5 ℃ of July; 12.7 ℃ of Beijing January, 13.9 ℃ of July; 17.2 ℃ of Shanghai January, 16.7 ℃ of July; 23.7 ℃ of Guangzhou January, 24.6 ℃ of July.In the July of sweltering heat low temperature environment constant below 5 ℃ can be arranged obviously, and same constant hot environment more than 20 ℃ be arranged, no matter which kind of angle to see that this all is a kind of potential natural resources from the January of cold.Although it can not directly be utilized by people as a kind of cold and hot energy, also is a kind of environmental resource at least; The coldest on the ground the hottest month is respectively January and July, and the coldest the hottest month of underground 3.2 meters depths are prolonged 2 months after all, promptly the coldest September in March the hottest, 5 meters depths are prolonged 4 months after then, the coldest November in May is the hottest; The temperature average year is relatively poor on the ground is 42.40 ℃ in Harbin, 30.4 ℃ in Beijing, 24.3 ℃ in Shanghai, 15.1 ℃ in Guangzhou.Underground 3.2 meters depths ground temperature average years are relatively poor then to be: 7.3 ℃ in Harbin, 7.8 ℃ in Beijing, 5.5 ℃ in Shanghai, 4.4 ℃ in Guangzhou.5 meters depths ground temperature annual amplitudes then are: 2.8 ℃ in Harbin, 3.8 ℃ in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou have been more than 0 ℃.And during 8 meters depths,, all reach the constant temperature level no matter be that Harbin or Guangzhou have not had saying of annual amplitude.That is to say that ground strong cold heat-flash is through soil conduction 2 months time of 3.2 meters dark need, conduct 5 meters times that then need 4 months, and along with the intensification of the conduction degree of depth, cold strength reduces rapidly, reaches 5 meters and is more than zero degree by remaining little of filtering of soil when dark.And the immediate cause that causes above-mentioned phenomenon is exactly the thermal conduction of soil poor performance, and changing the words that angle sees is exactly the direct result of soil good heat insulating.Same reason, if the Edible Fungi chamber is built in underground 3-6 rice depths, and according to the production demand on the basis of original ground temperature, the input low-temperature receiver is regulated and control into it between the lower production of temperature, the input thermal source is regulated and control into it between the higher production of temperature, same 3 meters thick soil also can play good insulation effect, from the basement of underground 3-6 rice depths be transmitted to ground cold and hot equally not only slowly but also amount few.The present invention builds underground production chamber in underground 3-6 rice depths exactly, utilize cold and hot storage, based on original ground temperature, with the soil insulation is guarantee, basement is regulated and control to satisfy the constant temperature production chamber of the different temperatures of different cultivars, different production period different temperatures demands, and then be combined into the different temperatures demand that can satisfy mycelium and sporophore growth between constant temperature production with different temperatures, can satisfy the flow production line of the solid requirement of alternating temperature again, facilitate alternating temperature by flowing, thereby reach the purpose of underground anniversary flowing water production.Below will describe in detail one by one.

One, the structure chart 8 of basement is the structural representation of basement.1 is the sidewall brick wall, 2 is concrete prefabricated board, 3 is concrete floor, 4 is the vertical cultivation frame of belt wheel, 5 is temperature storage temperature adjusting and dehumidifying bed, promptly outside the wall all around of basement, in the middle of brick wall and soil, build up the vertical road that area and wall are equal to, in the bed road, fill out and put rock or plastic water bag medium as cold and hot storage and regulating and controlling temperature, its effect is with the end input of Cooling and Heat Source from bed, discharge from the other end, make interior the medium of bed absorb cold and hot back basement soil and indoorly carry out temperature adjustment outside the wall all around.Big and indoor the requirement again of soil moisture can add plastic foil or malthoid at bed and soil faying face when dry around the basement, and brick wall is also used water-proofing treatment.When ventilation heat exchange, the moisture that stores in the bed also can swap out simultaneously, has also played the damping effect, the temperature storage that hence obtains one's name temperature adjusting and dehumidifying bed.The combining form of temperature storage temperature adjusting and dehumidifying bed both can on divide into bed, also can about establish bed within the walls, also can around shown in the figure, establish bed, select which kind of combination to depend primarily on the amplitude size and the investment size of damping temperature adjustment.6 is separation layer between two and the reinforce belt that links brick wall and soil, 7 is the aluminium alloy heat exchange tube road, its effect is to carry out quick temperature adjustment and dehumidifying to indoor, 8 is high pressure water jet pipe, whole pipe is the close spraying nozzle of establishing vertically, and can move up and down, one of sparge pipe is inserted water under high pressure and can concentrate water spray to indoor both sides cultivating stand, 9 is the aeration air intake pipe, 10 are the ventilation exhaust duct, blast pipe and exhaust duct be the vertical close aperture of establishing all, and this is air interchanger from top to down, also can the while establish the aeration air intake pipe at the basement end, establish the ventilation exhaust duct on the doorway, the outwards vertically ventilation from the lining, scavenging period is with fan blower pure air to be sent into from blast pipe, extracts out from exhaust duct equivalent with air exhauster.Basement top overburden soil thickness also non-3 meters thick constant, can be according to actual conditions, the area that the temperature adjustment amplitude is big can be thicker, otherwise then can approach.For reducing the inconvenience that thick earthing brings, also can adopt as shown in figure 15 replacing the multilayer architecture of earthing between producing, can reach heat insulation effect equally with the temperature of three layers of institute cultivar up and down is close.

Two, the size of the composition of flow production line and regulation and control flow production line scale depends primarily on investment, and two basements of smallest size are feasible one-tenth continuous productive process, but small-scale production basement availability is low.To be that example illustrates its function and principle with the substituting stuff cultivation mushroom below by desirable scale of investment.Fig. 9 is a pipelined combination structural plan schematic diagram.Whole streamline is divided into A, B two large divisions, and A is the streamline leading portion part for cultivating the briquetting annesl from breeding strain, cultivation bag partly.B partly for from urging flower bud to fruiting to bacteria, changes the streamline back segment fruiting cultivation part of urging the flower bud circulation to finish up to production over to again.Whole streamline is made up of three part technology again.(1) thermostatic chamber and alternating temperature streamline.Suppose a certain kind of mushroom enter fruiting after the stage one batch of mushroom of every production its urge used time of flower bud and used time of sporophore growth and bacterium material to adopt that the ratio of used time of bacteria is 1: 6: 4 behind the mushroom, then the quantitative proportion of urging flower bud chamber, mushroom producing room and bacteria chamber of B section streamline is also in 1: 6: 4 ratio setting, promptly as shown in the figure, 1-6 number 6 basement needs room temperature is regulated and control into 14-16 ℃ the thermostatic chamber that fruiting is used of specializing in, 7-10 number 4 basement then need be regulated and control into the bacteria thermostatic chamber after 21-23 ℃ specialize in adopted the mushroom moisturizing, No. 11 chamber then be 3-5 ℃ urge the flower bud thermostatic chamber.The process of flowing water production is: the cultivation case behind the annesl is sent earlier urge between flower bud the rapid drawdown temperature to carry out alternating temperature urging flower bud, be fit to the illumination that fruit body forms simultaneously, reducing ventilates increases carbon dioxide content, creation urges the flower bud control environment to promote the original hase differentiation, urge flower bud to send again after one day and train the flower bud fruiting between mushroom, carry out the adjusting (seeing below) that reaches pH value that replenishes of moisture content and nutrition after adopting mushroom, and then send and do not have the luminous environment bacteria between bacteria.Treat bacteria enter again after good a new round from urging the circulation of flower bud to fruiting to bacteria, finish until producing so repeatedly.B section and A section form big flowing water production again, and wherein the A section has only a kind of temperature of mycelial growth, need not the alternating temperature that flows, and only annesl (seeing below) process flows.The characteristics of flowing water production are to have made full use of the advantage of underground insulation, be built into the thermostatic chamber of different temperatures, utilizing flows again produces, both satisfied the solid demand of alternating temperature, also having satisfied fruit body and mycelium can both be in the optimum temperature ambient growth, become basement and be difficult for the passive of alternating temperature, unfavorable factor is converted into favorable factor into initiatively.The regulation and control of thermostatic chamber are before putting into production, extract earlier cold and hot air in the cold and hot depots and send into basement temperature storage temperature adjusting and dehumidifying bed and carry out temperature adjustment.Mean ground temperature as underground 3.2 meters depths, Beijing area is 13.1 ℃, only carry out temperature adjustment more among a small circle between fruiting what annual amplitude changed, urge and then need import low-temperature receiver between flower bud and carry out about 10 ℃ cooling, then need import thermal source between bacteria and cultivation and carry out about 10 ℃ intensification temperature adjustment, treat that the thermostatic chamber temperature is near design temperature and when relatively stable, promptly accuse temperature adjustment and finish and can put into production, temperature adjustment in process of production is enumeration subsequently.(2) wheel carrier facilitates effect.Flow process during flowing water is produced be key operation both in whole process of production, and workload is bigger again, and the vertical cultivation frame of belt wheel has solved this problem well, feasiblely flowed very conveniently, and workload greatly alleviates.The structure of wheel carrier is movable adjustable steel construction, and 4 or 6 universal wheels are established in the bottom.Though the structure of wheel carrier is simple, in flowing water production, played the effect of adding a crucial touch.(3) consummating function of box-type culture.In the storage of Edible Fungi was multifactor, if temperature is the most important and the primary factor of awkward control, the regulation and control of moisture content can belong to second key factor so.Shown in the data of " Encyclopadia Sinica " agricultural volume, shiitake mushroom hypha grows best when moisture content in medium is 45% left and right sides.But in the cultivation of reality, because in fruiting phase moisturizing difficulty, so moisture content required in the time of will be with fruiting is just added when medium is prepared burden prematurely in advance, water content mostly is 60-70%, exceed 15-25% than optimum moisture content, thereby make mycelium be in a moisture content from the beginning too much and space and containing in the hypoxic uncomfortable growing environment.The case carrier technology can be in time, easily and accurately the water content of medium is regulated and control, thereby make the mycelia physical efficiency be in for a long time in the moisture growing environment the suitableeest, its whole process of production is: just do not add the required moisture content of fruiting when medium is prepared burden in advance, moisture content in medium is allocated to the mycelium water content levels of suitable growth, after the pack sterilization, when inoculation, inoculum density is strengthened than convention amount, make its fast growing bacteria, shorten and send out the bacterium time, treat to take off packed case after the bacterium bag is sent out completely.Figure 10 is that case is planted schematic cross-sectional view, and 1 is plastic box, and 2 is medium, and 3 exceed medium 1-2 centimetre water blocking belt for what be pressed into medium around the plastic box.The case process of planting is to be ground into the about 2 centimetres bacterium piece of diameter with taking off after bacterium rod behind the bag removes some old mycodermas, and fine-powder is sifted out other use, the bacterium piece that to send out bacterium then good mixes in 7: 3 ratio with raw material or the grog after sterilization, and the moisture content of possible loss replenishes in moisture content that first batch of mushroom is required and the annesl process, pack in the case after evenly mixing and compacting, on the charge level of compacting, evenly spread the fine-powder that one deck sends out bacterium good again, and case contact with material around spread a circle more, then with special holding pad be pressed into as shown in figure 10 protrude all around radius be 1-2 centimetre 1/4 justify the shape retaining ring.Cultivation case after the moulding covers between the cultivation of sending 18-20 ℃ on the rearmounted wheel carrier of layer of plastic film and sends out bacterium, treat that the dense white back of surperficial mycelia is by short its annesl of the surperficial humidity of regulation and control that ventilates, interior raw material of case or grog also covered with when annesl finished, can change the foregoing flower bud of urging over to, the B section flowing water of fruiting is produced, treat covering second batch of required moisture content of mushroom and nutrition with punching moisturizing machine all over after beating the equally distributed pore of the depth on the medium after first batch of mushroom gathered, and when moisturizing, pH value is also regulated, also replenishing of oxygen content carried out in medium inside in the time of moisturizing.The method of moisturizing is very simple, owing to around the medium retaining ring arranged, allows its slow absorption on the charge level so can directly water evenly be spread after the punching to be poured on.Bacterium case after the moisturizing can be put during the flowing water that enters second bacteria of taking turns-urge flower bud-educate mushroom-adopt mushroom-moisturizing on the wheel carrier produces.Figure 11 is the perforated board schematic diagram, the perforating needle diameter with 2 millimeters for well, can slowly be absorbed by medium equably when the benefit of pore is moisturizing; Foramen primum can be tamped not ponding after mycelia is covered with in the hole, not influence the moisturizing of next time punching.Perforating needle by long, in, shortly arrange evenly that in order minute hand length is less than 2 centimetres of medium, hour hand length is for piercing through 2 centimetres on medium top layer.Each lacks half length of distance between two minute hands to the length dimension of perforated board than the incubator internal diameter size.Figure 12 is cultivation case plane, when punching for the first time, the both sides of perforated board are near arbitrary angle of cultivation case, as the A angle, second and third, in four whens punching,, four punchings like this were week circulation then successively near B, C, D or D, C, B angle, second week and after can change a long and short hands in addition during the circulation punching and arrange the new perforated board different with last perforated board, or former perforated board length and width size adjusted, punch after not making and punching in the past repeats.Punching moisturizing operation was both manually actuated, and mechanically actuated also can be integrated in one the punching moisturizing.Box-type culture both can have been put laminar vertical cultivation on the wheel carrier, also can erect the cultivation of stack wall formula, mixed the briquetting cultivation after both can first plastic sack sending out bacterium, also can directly inoculation cultivation in case.In a word, culture technique that retaining ring and punching moisturizing be set around box has solved medium moisture content, nutrition effectively instant accurately replenishing and the adjusting of pH value is the important component part during flowing water is produced.More than be three major technique introductions during the underground current waterline is produced, in the composition of flow production line, in Fig. 9, done introduction, 12 is passage, passage both can be with cultivation between the same top go up the Totally-enclosed-type that garden orifice plate and thick soil cover, also can be straight-through ground type, cover with plastic foil or windowpane on the ground, use the grape trellis sunshading and temperature reducing summer, the solar energy heating on daytime in winter heats, and covers night such as cotton-wadded quilt etc. again and be incubated on windowpane.The effect of passage is except that circulating function, can adopt operations such as mushroom, moisturizing and briquetting, also can establish the wheel carrier cultivation, or carry out the wall formula by wall and cultivate, one end of passage is outlet, establishes thermal insulating door thermally insulated door sealing insulation, and ventilating duct is established at other end top, pump wind by machinery, send into from other end discharge carrying out ventilation from an end.13 is Heat Room, in establish heat exchanger, the directly logical storage of pipeline heat reservoir, 14 for changing the cold house, also establishes heat exchanger in it, the also straight-through storage freezer of pipeline, change the cold house can directly put ice change cold.15 is the operating room, is that whole streamline changes operational control centers such as cold heat exchange, ventilation, water spray dehumidifying.16 is the interface channel of A section and B section.The key of A section streamline is the regulation and control of humidity, its measure except that around set up temperature storage temperature adjusting and dehumidifying bed and other water-proofing treatment, the cold and hot air that feeds the B section is sent into earlier the B section again after the A section, increase A section ventilation also can reach falls wet purpose, can directly quicklime be put between production in the winter time, not only moisture absorption but also heat up moves down the basement cultivation again in special area with after also cultivation bag can being inoculated on the ground and allowed special season mycelia cover with inoculation mouthful, or cultivation on the ground, underground fruiting.The regulation and control of A section thermostatic chamber are fully identical with the B section, because the A section has only temperature requirement of mycelial growth, get final product so the quantity of basement only makes up by output.The flowing water production model also is applicable to the production of constant temperature firm type mushroom class, form by fruiting and bacteria two parts between its flowing water, whenever gather-stubble moves to bacteria chamber thermophilic bacteria behind the mushroom, mycelia moves the mushroom producing room fruiting after recovering to nourish and grow again, mycelia and fruit body can both be grown under the thermophilic environment, have more reasonability.The flowing water production model also is adapted to non-box-type culture, as carrying out cultivation, annesl on the wheel carrier, urge flower bud, fruiting and bacteria for expecting bacterium rod mushroom culture, the bacterium rod directly can being put.Method for supplementing water is still concentrated moisturizing by methods such as punching immersions.Produce the later stage at flowing water, when the production cycle of every batch of mushroom overtime, if, the time scale of each production phase do not become, then the method for Xie Jueing is to be that time of day changes into hour being time of day with the sky, with all corresponding prolongation of the time of each production phase, when the time scale of each production phase also changes, but but both can utilize between fruiting also bacteria of fruiting, the high temperature bacterium case of bacteria chamber directly can also be pushed into mushroom producing room and urge the Room of flower bud many with being adjusted.

Three, the running of streamline running streamline promptly mainly is the process of by ventilation temperature, humidity, air oxygen content and illumination being regulated and control after the underground current waterline puts into production.(1) temperature adjusting.The present invention is exactly a temperature height in daytime to another project of natural cold and heat resources development and utilization, the temperature difference per day resource that nighttime temperature is low.As Beijing area annual amplitude of diurnal variation is 11.4 ℃, and July, mean minimum temperature was 21.4 ℃, even at night during the minimum air temperature, Cryogenic air is turned down the ventilation that promptly can be used for basement a little through the storage freezer the hottest thus July.The night in April and October, on average low temperature was respectively 6.8 ℃ and 6.6 ℃, daytime, mean height temperature was respectively 19.7 ℃ and 18.5 ℃, morning can be to urging flower bud chamber or low temperature mushroom producing room ventilation storage cool tone temperature during the minimum air temperature in 24 hours on the one, again can be between mycelia produces or the temperature adjustment of taking a breath between middle temperature kind fruiting during afternoon maximum temperature, the temperature adjustment of then can between low temperature kind fruiting, taking a breath of middle period, that is to say that the basic, normal, high warm air resource in a day can both effectively be utilized.The average maximum air temperature in the coldest January is 1 ℃.Even 1 ℃ cold air is adjusted through storage heat reservoir thermal source after series connection adds solar energy heating hole thermal-arrest in parallel more a little, it is required to satisfy production.The major part of cold and hot storage then is to be used for the cold-peace short-term correction and the special temperature adjustment in hot period.Why temperature difference per day can have two in the prerequisite that basement is effectively used, and one is the insulation effect of basement; It two is the regulating action of cold and hot storage, and Neither of the two can be dispensed.Obviously, on ground temperature basis cool in summer and warm in winter, utilize cold and hot storage to facilitate the utilization of temperature difference per day, the temperature adjusting of basement also just has been out of question.For the less low latitudes low altitude area of amplitude of diurnal variation, can utilize ebb electricity consumption at night and relatively low air in the megathermal period, take the method for aforementioned compressed air refrigeration to be directly used in temperature adjustment.(2) humidity regulation.The method that reduces B section humidity is: the air that will send into the A section is sent into the B section earlier and is changed and send into the A section again after wet, strengthens ventilation and can facilitate the reduction of humidity; On plum rain season and rainy day, damp-heat air sent earlier be used further to ventilation after changing cold house cooling dehumidification by condensation; Heating season, quicklime directly can freeed moisture absorption between product; Then can utilize temperature difference per day season in spring and autumn, selects the thermophilic period to strengthen ventilation to reduce humidity.The moist keeping measures of B section is: basement complete closed, air do not have nature and flow, and itself just are easy to preserve moisture; Wall between fruiting is not wanted concrete coating, and brick wall exposes and can work the balanced action of regulating humidity; Spray water in good time, the water spray facility is except that indoor fixedly sparge pipe, set up mobile sprayer again, promptly on the platform truck of dull and stereotyped belt wheel, put a high-pressure water tank, establish a normal pressure water tank on it again, also be provided with high-pressure hydraulic pump and automatic pressure-controlled device on the car, it is 1.2-1.8 rice that high-pressure water tank is provided with length, in establish many nozzle sprayers of 7-10 shower nozzle, during work water is put in the normal pressure water tank, high-pressure hydraulic pump pumps into water in the high-pressure water tank, and automaton then can be sprayed water when the high-pressure water tank internal pressure reaches atomisation pressure continuously by the pressure of producing in the required automatic control high-pressure water tank, add the water pressurization continuously, work continuously.(3) regulation and control of air oxygen content will be combined among the regulation and control of temperature and humidity.(4) illumination regulation and control.Instead the environment of the totally-enclosed no natural daylight of basement has created the condition that makes full use of light action.Between bacteria, take not have light state for a long time, both helped mycelial growth, more can suppress fragmentary mushroom flower bud formation, help neat fruiting, unified continuous productive process of adopting the mushroom moisturizing.Urging different that the flower bud chamber can be according to cultivar and medium calcium content, give the illumination of different colours and different wave length, also can facilitate neat fruiting, between fruiting, all facilities are built into white, and set up artificial light source, make light scattering arrive each position, light quantity, wavelength and color can be adjusted flexibly according to different cultivars, sporophore growth and painted optimum efficiency can be reached equally.

Four, special regulation and control (1) urge the flower bud plate to urge flower bud.Figure 13 urges flower bud plate partial schematic diagram.Urge the whole plate face of flower bud plate evenly to be provided with several transparent apertures in length and breadth, each transparent apertures is length of side 2-4 centimetre a rectangle, the distance of non-transparent part is the twice of this direction transparent apertures length of side between two holes, whole distance of urging flower bud plate length and width size than each little this direction transparent apertures length of side of cultivation case internal diameter, it is long promptly laterally to lack ab, and it is long vertically to lack ad.1 is transparent part among the figure, and 2 is entity part.Urge the flower bud plate to make with the plastics or the timber of poor heat conductivity.Urge the flower bud process to be: the bacteria later stage behind alternating temperature fecundity edible mushroom, to urge the flower bud plate also to place between bacteria, make its temperature consistent with bacterium material temperature, to urge the flower bud plate to cover on the medium before urging between flower bud changing over to, and make arbitrary angle of urging the flower bud plate and cultivation case first jiao near (later on then with second, three, take turns successively for four jiaos and lean on), push urge between flower bud after, exposed part touches the low temperature and the light stimulation of urging the flower bud chamber at once, and the part cooling of being urged the flower bud plate to cover slowly, and all the time by illumination, in order to create many-sided flower bud condition of urging, ice directly can be put and be urged the cooling of flower bud chamber, reducing ventilates increases carbon dioxide content, so just can neatly form original hase regularly at exposed part.This method is best suited for whole cultivation and production later stage fruiting inequality, when being difficult for forming the mushroom flower bud.Necessity also can directly be sprinkling upon the further low temperature stimulation in exposed section with the ice powder and urge flower bud.(2) phase-change material temperature adjustment.Promptly utilize the latent heat of phase-change material, a kind of method that the temperature of temperature requirement strictness or particular surroundings is regulated and control.Melting temperature as Macrogol 600 is 20-25 ℃, and melting heat is 146 ℃/kg.Macrogol 600 is packed into earlier in the plastic sack, and then in the plastic box of packing into, many casees are put on the wheel carrier again, send summer and change the cold house and make it inhale the cold solid that is frozen into, send then that the place that needs temperature adjustment is melted, heat absorption, cooling, cold insulation; Send winter Heat Room to make its heat absorption fusing, and then send temperature adjustment ground solidify, inhale cold, heat up, be incubated.Phase-change material can be by bag, all can reach the purpose of stablizing the temperature adjustment temperature control by the careless placement of case.The different temperatures demand can be carried out temperature adjustment with the phase-change material of different melting points temperature.The benefit of utilizing phase-change material to carry out temperature adjustment is that in the phase transition process that solidifies or melt, neither endothermic nor exothermic can keep temperature-resistant again in a large number, concentrates, directly gets cold heat-obtaining, and is more convenient for the particular surroundings temperature adjustment.

Five, flower mushroom facilitates production method to have two.When (1) treating that mushroom extremely is fit to the mushroom type of flower mushroom production according to aforementioned flowing water production, cultivating stand is pushed between the reducing temperature and humidity of facilitating flower mushroom production, with ventilation blower the hot humid air between reducing temperature and humidity is pumped in the heat exchanger that changes the cold house, on heat exchanger, put ice, the hot humid air sent into had not only been lowered the temperature but also dehumidification by condensation.When dropping to, temperature is lower than the dormant level of mushroom body, and humidity is not when also reaching the flower mushroom production requirement, the part that low-temperature receiver between reducing temperature and humidity can be swapped out is used for the cooling production between other production, and then the circulation reducing temperature and humidity, so reduces to the stage that the mushroom body can not be grown until temperature and humidity.Second step then was that cultivating stand is pushed between the flower mushroom formation of dry thermophilic, and kept 18 ℃ of room temperatures and dry environment by ventilation at any time, finally facilitated flower mushroom to form.(2) outside air temperature low winter by day; At the low spring and autumn of outside air temperature at night, the bacterium case that grows to when being suitable for flower mushroom and facilitating is transported to ground from basement through vertical lift together with wheel carrier, allows its reducing temperature and humidity, wait to reach the warm and humid requirement that flower mushroom produces after, move to again between the flower mushroom formation of basement, as above facilitate flower mushroom to form.Facilitate the technology of flower mushroom production to be: one, continuous productive process conditioning once more.Its two, box-type culture is easy at any time accurately to replenish a large amount of dehydrations.

Six, factory's cultivation at home the cultivation of balcony corridor semi-finished product fruiting at basement case is planted the bacterium material when being cultured to mushroom (ear) flower bud and forming earlier, behind plastic covering film on the plastic box, migrate tame balcony fruiting cultivation again.High temperature kind in providing by factory summer, as straw mushroom, Uricularia polytricha, Hericium erinaceus etc., then provide winter as low temperature kinds such as Asparagus, sliding mushrooms, the thermophilic kind of mushroom, mushroom, flat mushroom then is provided season in spring and autumn, the four seasons also can provide the wide temperature kind resemble the phoenix-tail mushroom.The cooling of factory's hot summer heat up severe winter cultivation, four seasons thermophilic fruiting cultivation at home.During the cultivation of balcony corridor fruiting, both the cultivation case degree of depth can be increased, keep flat the stack cultured mushroom, or stand up stack mushroom culture auricularia auriculajudae etc., also three of wheel carriers can be covered fixedly plastic film, the front is provided with movable film and carries out the bedstead multi-layer solid cultivation, also can cultivate according to balcony concrete structure designs fix cultivating stand.No matter but which kind of cultivation method, the winter heating and heat preservation of lowering the temperature summer is the key of balcony semi-finished product cultivation at home.Figure 14 is the cold and hot regulation and control schematic diagram of balcony.The 1st, solar thermal collector, the 2nd, heat-collecting box, the 3rd, with plastics packed the thermal-arrest bag of phase-change material, the 4th, the hot water upper hose, the 5th, the cold water downcomer, the 6th, the well word refills entry to all flooding plastic sack after discharging the plastic sack that phase-change material is housed in the clothes horse, heat-collecting box.The process of heat-collecting heat-storage is, when heat collector heat absorption back in it water temperature raise, the proportion of water descends, the difference in specific gravity of formation water tank cold water and heat collector hot water, thereby produce the thermal siphon pressure head, and facilitate the hot water downward automatic ringing of cold water that makes progress, and treat to form when water temperature equates up and down new balance, the water temperature in the heat collector forms new circulation again when raising, so repeatedly, reach the phase-change material melting temperature until water temperature, and constantly heat absorption fusion, reach the heat accumulation purpose with this.By the time when nighttime temperature descends, but water in the heat-collecting box and phase-change material heat release insulation.Summer, the cancellation solar thermal collector, high water tank place establishes a small blast fan outside balcony, when nighttime temperature is minimum, makes in the case phase-change material inhale that cold storage is colod-application lowered the temperature daytime by ventilation heat exchange.Also can directly phase-change material being dropped a hint, to inhale cold storage naturally cold at unimpeded place.Heat-collecting box also can stand up the side at balcony, so more helps changing phase-change material in the case with the outside air temperature variation.No matter be accumulation of heat in winter or cool-storage in summer, when selecting the melting temperature of phase-change material, should be consistent when ground temperature and solar energy heating ability.For guaranteeing thermoregulation effect, balcony will be done suitable sealing.Another heat collecting method is to make full use of roof water tank and place, builds a thermal isolation and heat storage water tank on the water tank that has built up again; When newly-built building, water supply tank and hot water storage tank are built in one, and hot water storage tank set up lagging facility and thermal insulation layer, on the roof roofing, settle solar thermal collector then, make it as the automatic circulation accumulation of heat of balcony, the advantage that roof carries out accumulation of heat is that a set of equipment can supply whole floor user, both can send hot water heat exchange insulation in the balcony heat exchanger, and also can be life hot water is provided by water pump.The roof area is big, can increase and decrease the quantity of solar thermal collector at any time according to gas Gentle heat.Saving power and preventing pollution dyes, and use in the suitableeest big city.

Seven, the computer management batch production automatically produce cold and hot storage, the production environment of the basement complete closed that instead makes of effective utilization of gentle temperature difference per day become advantage, temperature should not change after in a single day transferring to thermophilic, humidity is equally once mixing up easy maintenance, the regulation and control of oxygen content are thorough especially, the regulation and control of light factor, a slice dark is let alone design utilization, all production environment factors, be subjected to ectocine very little, be suitable for the computer management batch production most and produce automatically.

The present invention's three, vegetable or flower is cultured anniversary high-quality production technology and was cultured for six most of compositions by prolonging the treasure production of the dormancy four seasons, the production of basement flowing water, special cultivation, preservation by low temperature cold treatment and anniversary thermophilic.

One, prolongs dormancy four seasons treasure and produce the construction of (1) dormancy depots.Storage ice is identical with C type storage freezer in the cladding thickness of dormancy depots, the storehouse wall storage cold-peace storehouse, and the dormancy depots both can merge with C type storage freezer and build, and also can build separately.When the dormancy depots was built together with the storage freezer, its combination was the same with B part among Fig. 9, and the cross dimensions that is about to No. 11 chamber enlarges and prolongs as C type ice house usefulness, and the 1-10 chamber is prolonged the dormancy depots as vegetable or flower.When the dormancy depots was built separately, its combination was also the same with the B among Fig. 9 part, will select near No. 6 of the doorway or No. 10 chamber and do ice storing cabin, and all the other are the dormancy storeroom all, and low-temperature receiver that ice storing cabin deposits does not take out external application, only did that to keep the storehouse temperature used.No matter build together or the dormancy depots of building separately, its storehouse temperature remains subzero.The method of keeping the storehouse temperature mainly relies on storage ice in the wall storage cold-peace storehouse, the preceding storehouse of storage, each dormancy storeroom is all established logical cold pipeline, communicate with ice storing cabin or ice house, reach sub-zero temperature environment of the four seasons by leading to cold wind to the dormancy storeroom or directly ice being put the dormancy storeroom.(2) store cultivation before the storage of plant.Treasure vegetables and flowers mostly are the cool plant of happiness of nutrition storage type, and temperature and carbonic acid gas that to influence two key factors of its product quality be vegetative growth phase.Solving method of temperature is to select the nice and cool area of the cool plant thermophilic growth of the most suitable happiness to carry out nutrition storage cultivation.And the method that the solution carbonic acid gas is augmented is matched bacteria cultivation, crop stalk and weeds etc. is ground into short and small granular, also be ground into the edible fungi quarrel tiny granular again, be no less than evenly to be sprinkling upon after 30% ratio is mixed the two with bacterium quarrel then and treat on the face of arable land, ploughing after planting allows the bacterium quarrel serve as the bacterial classification role straw is sent out bacterium.In whole bacterium process, can promote photosynthesis of plant by the output carbonic acid gas, can discharge heat again and improve ground temperature, organic manure can also be provided.The raw material amount of application will match with locality and ground temperature at that time, and principle is to make ground temperature surpass the plant optimum range, and bacterium quarrel kind is also wanted single can not mixing simultaneously.This is for enriching for the first time carbonic acid gas.Then enrich later on for grog, being about to straw such as wheat straw weeds mixes with the laggard row fermentation of people's domestic animals manure, treat behind the fermenting-ripening dryly a little and pulverized, and then evenly mix the back with the bacterium quarrel of pulverizing and in the ranks ditch along plant and broadcast sowing the back earthing, so can repeatedly enrich as required.Living, grog combines the method that enriches carbonic acid gas with the bacterium quarrel, can satisfy the demand of whole production phase carbonic acid gas, can increase ground temperature again when early spring, ground temperature was low, promotes plant strain growth.Selection and the artificial of carbonic acid gas by environmental temperature are replenished, and cooperate administrative skills such as other liquid manure, facilitate nutrition storage type plant surely when carrying out dormancy, the maximum and preceding cultivation of the top-quality storage result of root nutrition storage capacity.The cultivar of vegetable or flower can select fiddlehead, common vetch dish, leek, Chinese toon, dish to use clover, Chinese herbaceous peony, west safflower etc.(3) dormancy is stored.Treat that temperature descends, plant is withered on the ground, nutriment change over to root store enter resting stage after, before frozen ground, underground rhizome is dug out, after the arrangement, in containing the mud of nutrient component, allow the root surface wrap up in one deck mud a little, put into the bamboo case of plastic box or plastic lining film then, cover a little wet soils in intermediate gaps and top layer, vanning finish relief its freeze under field conditions (factors) and store.The method of storing has three kinds, and one is dormancy depots storage on the spot.Be about to rely on iced storage that the Ku Wen of dormancy depots is remained in the suitableeest hibernation temperature scope of plant in the dormancy depots that plant after the vanning and rhizome be stored in the nutrition milpa, prolong dormancy for a long time and store, cultivate for breaking dormancy at any time.It two is storage in open system on the spot.The kind that cold-hartliness is strong is stacked the back at lee and is preserved moisture with covering and heat insulatings such as plastic foil and straw screen or mat; relying on natural temperature to carry out dormancy preserves; then need in the canopy storehouse or the hidding and sunny side place strengthens cladding thickness and is incubated storage for the kind of tolerance to cold difference; storage period is identical with natural dormancy period, but the open-air dormancy storage of plant and foundation vanning back and plant difference of dormancy in ground are: product cultivation is stored in open-air dormancy with can being transported to strange land or locality breaking dormancy protection at any time in resting stage.It three is that dormancy depots in strange land is stored.Build the dormancy depots in non-nice and cool area, and supporting construction storage is cold, storage heat reservoir and underground production chamber, regional " semi-finished product " such as high-quality rhizomes produced of will feeling nice and cool in the winter time are transported to the dormancy depots in non-nice and cool area and store, to be used for the 1 year usefulness of production on the spot.The method of transportation can be that automobile also can be a train, when transporting high latitude area to, can transport in the past in January, when transporting low latitudes to, transportation when can be in 1-2 month the coldest, but also to suitably install a little ice cubes additional when the entrucking according to storing the ground temperature, store ground to guarantee to transport to below 0 ℃.(4) first planting treasure four seasons produce.The first planting product quality of the cool vegetables of happiness such as fiddlehead, Chinese toon, leek is best in natural production, and be that the product in nice and cool area surpasses the warm thermally product in district, the main cause that causes this phenomenon be in last one year of the nutrition cultivation nutriment quality with quantitative different accumulate with 1 year breaking dormancy after different growth temperatures.Store under the fixed situation nutrition in last 1 year, the key factor of decision product quality then is the cultivation temperature behind the breaking dormancy, in comfort zone, though the low more growth of temperature is slow best in quality, the regulation and control of the growth temperature behind the breaking dormancy are the keys that obtain high quality of products thus.

Concrete production method has three kinds, and one is the four seasons cultivation of protection ground.At first introduce the function and the structure on protection ground, Figure 15 is the combination and the structural representation of A, B, three kinds of protections of C type production site.1 is temperature storage dehumidifying bed among the figure, its 26S Proteasome Structure and Function and Fig. 8 the temperature storage dehumidifying bed of edible mushroom underground water not in producing just the same, 2 for reinforcing the isolation strip, and 3 are the insulation cob wall, and 4 is the aluminium alloy heat exchange tube road, 5 is plastic foil, plastic foil can be a monofilm, also can be the duplicature of complete closed, and the effect of duplicature is to send into polystyrene bubble grain between two membranes, can protect heat winter, and can protect cold summer.6 is the staged step, is used for pot flowers or boxly heels in vegetables, helps ventilation, daylighting and space utilization, also can cultivate shade plant and edible mushroom under the step.7 is sunshading facility, can be the grape trellis of large span, also can be louvered sunshade, 8 is plastic box wall formula stack cultivation bed, whole cultivation bed covers with plastic foil, has both made full use of space under the stand, can promote plant again and support one's family the complementation of thing on oxygen and carbon dioxide.More than all be the cool cultivation of the semi-underground warming guarantor canopy that is built in 1.2 meters depths of below ground, abbreviate A type cultivating chamber as.9 is basement multilayer cultivating stand, and its vertical member can be an angle steel, also can be precast concrete or brick forming, and laterally links to each other at interval with angle steel, is used for placing the cultivation case.10 is concrete prefabricated board, directly places on the cultivating stand.Because basement cultivating stand density height, thus the size of cover plate and intensity can reduce greatly, thereby reduce cost of investment.Can be directly used in pot flowers and establish the bedstead soilless culture on the cover plate, carry out any cultivation after also can covering thick soil.This is the Type B cultivating chamber.Because the bedstead of Type B cultivating chamber can not move, thus be suitable for constant temperature firm type edible mushroom such as cultured mushroom, auricularia auriculajudae most and do not need day and night temperature grow seedlings of vegetable, blanching culture and before heel in cultivation after chatting nutrition such as Chinese toon, leek and storing.When being used for the alternating temperature cultivation, the method that solves alternating temperature is that the cultivation case is transported between the production of ground or the processing of energy alternating temperature from the aisle with the platform go-cart, can solve as exchanging round the clock between two Type B productions of a high temperature one low temperature, also can change temperature by a small margin by ventilating.The Type B cultivating chamber is chatted edible mushroom underground water output before with the lower part then being.11 is prefabricated circular hole slab, and 12 is the edible fungus culturing wheel carrier, and 13 is flowers and vegetable soilless culture frame, and 14 is the aisle, and 15 is partition wall.By brick wall supporting circular holes plate, abbreviate C type cultivating chamber between the production that wheel carrier can at will flow as.A, B, three kinds of cultivating chambers of C type both can be produced in solid combination as shown in the figure, also can build independent production separately, or the mutual fabrication Joint Production of any two kinds of models.Can build the room on ground in the area that subterranean water level is high, all around with soil or industrial furnace quarrel covering and heat insulating.When uniting the construction Joint Production, every layer plane combining form makes up the same with Fig. 9, just with soil cancellation at interval in two Room, C type chamber, with using a wall, per two Room use again the thick soil phase every, the thickness of being separated by will match with the daylighting of A type cultivating chamber, establishes the stair activity intercommunication in the passage, and establishes vertical lift device and produce used to be used for above and below ground flowing water.For improving heat insulation effect, the temperature of same vertical plane upper, middle and lower-ranking cultivar is close.The method of the temperature adjustment of Type B and C type chamber, damping, ventilation, ventilation and underground water production edible mushroom is just the same, also is to rely on the integrated application of cold and hot storage, ground temperature, temperature difference per day and day difference to be achieved.The method of protection ground four seasons cultivation is very simple; be about to the thermophilic level of the temperature adjusting of A, B, any cultivating chamber of C type to planting kind; what will be stored in the dormancy depots then waits to plant the kind breaking dormancy that progressively heats up; heel in soilless culture bed or plastic box dish and put on the cultivating chamber bedstead; then with illumination, ventilation with do factor such as wet and control well; can the four seasons breaking dormancy at any time, produce the first planting treasure vegetables and the flowers that have good quality.It is two for utilizing winter nature temperature cultivation.The plant rhizome that the open-air dormancy of nutrition milpa is stored is transported to the low height above sea level of low latitudes at any time, and cultivate in the open in the higher area of winter temperature.As the nutrition of high height above sea level latitude cultivation area, October plant just enter dormancy, can carry out first planting production by breaking dormancy November, and the blade of hardy plants such as leek and fiddlehead can short-term be stood-4 ℃ low temperature and is not damaged by frost.Area, the middle and lower reach of Yangtze River is from year March in November to the second, except that needing all can to cultivate the plastic film protection a little the coldest days of the year in the open thus.Ground such as Guangzhou even when the coldest, all can not add the open-air cultivation of protection.Even the low latitudes to the north of the Changjiang river, also can November and March in the open or a little protection cultivate.When early autumn and late spring transportation rhizome, can guarantors cold on the rocks on transport vehicle, to guarantee that temperature is slowly gone up in transportation.The characteristics of this production method are both to have utilized the dormancy of low temp area to store, and have utilized the thermophilic advantage in winter in high temperature area again, and the natural cold and heat resource is made full use of once again.It three is an open-air cultivation in summer.Nice and cool area in the nutrition cultivation, with the plant rhizome that is stored in the dormancy depots breaking dormancy that progressively heats up, can protect the cold outdoor cropping production of preserving moisture at milpa by the sunshade further cooling of spraying water, in the higher relatively area of summer temperature, can build A type cultivating chamber, do not need the cooling of freezer low-temperature receiver, utilize the nice and cool big characteristics of the regional temperature difference, when nighttime temperature is minimum, send cold air in temperature storage bed cold-storage, daytime, plastic foil was protected cold, grape trellis sunshading and temperature reducing on the top, can satisfy the requirement of plant equally, carry out the thermophilic cultivation low temperature.The production of flowers is the same with vegetables, produces as peony, and breaking dormancy utilizes nutrition to store and facilitates the perpetual bloom cultivation at any time.

Two, the cultivation of underground water cultivation basement is heeled in the cultivation except that aforementioned Chinese toon, leek etc., also comprises following six aspects.

(1) day and night temperature flowing water cultivation.The temperature adjusting of two basements is become one high and one low, hot room is set up artificial light source as just as the same photosynthesis production chamber in daytime, ground, low temperature chamber is only established the transition light source as unglazed growth room at night, cultivating chamber adopts double-deck wheel carrier cultivation, exchanged flowing water production between production every 12 hours, both satisfied plant to the temperature difference and photoperiodic demand, more can facilitate the off-season cultivation of hot summer temperature production, severe winter high temperature production., anti-the moon wet for happiness as the cucumber habit, avoid too high or too low for temperature, avoid high light and tan by the sun.And can't satisfy the requirement of cucumber on the ground season hot summer to growing environment at all, whole summer cucumber product quality extreme difference.And basement can satisfy the growth demand of cucumber well, even adopt flowing water production also can produce quality product as the quality in early spring in the hot summer.Aspect floriculture, can facilitate the product production of blooming at all seasons of blooming of seasonalities such as Chinese herbaceous peony, tree peony, chrysanthemum equally with this method.(2) differential temperature is downgraded flowing water production round the clock.To there be the light chamber to be adjusted to low temperature chamber at basement, the berlin black darkroom will be adjusted to hot room, carry out the dwarfing culture of flowers between exchange cultivation in per 12 hours.Solve because of " night " temperature height, dark respiration is strong, energy consumption is big method and be, with the high carbon dioxide content that produces in the Edible Fungi also is simultaneously that the gas of low oxygen content both supplied " daytime " low temperature and irradiance chamber to promote photosynthesis to suppress photorespiration, also supply " night " hot room to suppress dark respiration, see (4) for details.Temperature difference cultivation is combined with the differential temperature cultivation, i.e. hot room and low temperature chamber carry out the photosynthesis growth artificial light source under simultaneously during night ebb electricity consumption, by the time daytime during the peak of power consumption of ground, the exchange of underground two Room enters unglazed dark vegetative period.This method is the another new way that day difference is utilized.(3) the above and below ground cultivation that combines.Thing or plant no matter support one's family in its whole growth process, have many kinds then to need different growth temperatures in different vegetative period, and one section low-temperature epitaxy of many experience is grown just can facilitate and bloomed before blooming as the perennial root flowers.The low form edible mushroom needs high relatively temperature at vegetative stage, then needs low relatively temperature in the fruiting phase.The above and below ground combines and cultivates is exactly to make full use of natural temperature resource and the advantage that makes full use of basement anti-season temperature on the ground.Being that nature temperature is warm carries out nutrition cultivation of flowers and the bacterium material cultivation of edible mushroom when hot on the ground, blooms and fruiting and facilitate under the underground low temperature environment.Just in time opposite when natural temperature is cold, under underground warm thermal environment, carry out nutrition cultivation of flowers and the bacterium material of edible mushroom and cultivate, and the open-air on the ground or interior low temperature of plastic greenhouse is facilitated and being bloomed and fruiting.The amplitude of diurnal variation that also can make full use of nature temperature certainly in 24 hours is carried out the cultivation of flowing water up and down.Method in methods such as ventilation in the above-mentioned production, ventilation, temperature adjustment, damping and the Edible Fungi is just the same.The cultivation method that the above and below ground combines is the another new way to natural temperature resources development and utilization.(4) development and use of plant production resource.The resource that relates to plant production comprises that field, fertilizer, water, light, heat, oxygen and carbon dioxide etc. are a variety of, but the airborne oxygen and carbon dioxide content of also genus that artificially is difficult to most to control and plant is played an important role.Say so in " Chinese agriculture encyclopedia " agricultural weather volume: " it is economical using carbonic acid gas in the greenhouse, and its amount of increase in production has substantially exceeded by effect of increasing production that means obtained such as fertility, dense planting, moisture, temperature and illumination controls.Enriching carbonic acid gas under suitable condition can make cucumber, tomato yield improve two times.Under hypoxia condition, the quickening of nourishing and growing of most of plants, the radish in Qinghai-Tibet Platean can grow to more than 10 kilograms, traces it to its cause, and except that the light temperature was worked good, from the air resource analysis, the low-oxygen environment on plateau suppresses light called, and photosynthesis is by force one of reason." this shows the important function of hypoxemia and high carbon dioxide.And in Edible Fungi, thought by people by mistake what be that waste gas dumped is the very low and very high precious resources of carbon dioxide content of oxygen content.Edible mushroom is moved to underground totally enclosed basement production can collect this resource effectively, basement is produced vegetables and flowers can be effectively utilized this resource again.Dehumanization method for the high humidity gas in the Edible Fungi is, summer, send between vegetable or flower " daytime " high temperature production after low temperature and high relative humidity air about 15 ℃ between fruiting handled after filtration, reducing relative moisture by the rising temperature can directly utilize, and hot and humid air about 24 ℃ between bacteria is sent to change be used further to behind cold house's cooling dehumidification by condensation between other produces.Winter, then 24 ℃ hot and humid air is sent into send into again behind the dehumidification by condensation in the aluminium alloy heat exchange tube road of vegetable or flower " night " low temperature chamber or the temperature storage within the walls dehumidifying bed " night " produce between suppressing dark call, 15 ℃ low temperature and high relative humidity air are sent to heat up between heat exchange be used further between other any production after reducing relative moisture.Place quicklime intensification effect on moisture extraction winter between producing better.Utilize hypoxemia suppress dark respiration can solve effectively in the dwarfing culture of flowers differential temperature night temperature high, breathe a difficult problem strong, that consumption is big.In a word, from the angle analysis of plant production resource, the hypoxemia high carbon dioxide content gas in the Edible Fungi is the resources of production that a kind of value is very high, have a high potential.Plant cultivation, extremely limited resource then are the fields.The basement cultivation splits wide new world, as shown in figure 14, on the ground one fen field can build up underground, on the ground, the vertical cultivation effect of aerial tens layers even tens layers, not only split the world that makes new advances for plant husbandry and Edible Fungi, be aquaculture also, comprise that part aquaculture has split the new breed world.It is the another new way of agricultural resources development and use.(5) batch production production.No matter be edible mushroom or breeding and planting industry, warm and humid easy accent and stable environment; Illumination is completely without the environment of letting alone utilization; Effective utilization of oxygen and carbon dioxide is the environmental optima that computer control, batch production are produced automatically, is the new model of 21 century efficient, energy-conservation, high-quality, sustainable development agricultural.(6) extermination of disease and insect pest.Extermination of disease and insect pest effective method is the most relied mainly on prevention exactly.The deficiency of basement production is exactly to lack gravity-flow ventilation.But from the angle of diseases prevention, air lets alone to flow though the direct way that damage by disease and insect is propagated if the air of basement is sent in strict control, instead can significantly reduce the propagation of damage by disease and insect, becomes the not enough advantage that is.The method that control flows into the basement air quality is: with whole basement complete closed, avoid any insect pest and germ to enter basement.The logical mountain pipeline that the used air that ventilates can lead to the mountain top by the auxiliary depots of the non-sealing of b type directly extracts pure air on the mountain and to be used for ventilation.Or establish special air refreshing tube, from the mountain of pollution-free, air cleaning or other local extracting air, be used for ventilation after handling after filtration.The plum rain season big in air humidity, that germ content is many can will be used for ventilation again after changing cold house's dehumidification by condensation behind the air sterilization.The wheel carrier of basement is made of angle steel, and cultivation case plastic production, door are also moulded with steel and are waited making, whole basement not to have the material that any thing that supplies to support one's family is survived.With the organic matter around the basement, comprise that various rubbish etc. collect the back at any time and burn storage heat in the bavin standing grain, because of the storage thermal effect is arranged, so be easy to be accepted and implement by the people.Batch production is produced, and the staff unifies the effective measures that Uncontaminated garment also is diseases prevention, regularly to basement and all facilities, in addition the depots sterilization that carries out disinfection, the totally enclosed environment usefulness of basement smog Disinfection Effect the best.Above pest control method both had been applicable to plantation, also was applicable to edible mushroom and breeding production.

Three, special cultivation (1) imposed rest cultivation." four seasons are divided on a mountain, and ten li are not on the same day ".This is the real picture of the complicated weather in mountain area.Both utilized the cold resource on mountain top, and utilized the heat energy at the bottom of the mountain again, this is the another approach of agricultural production resources development and utilization.Its method is in the fairly obvious area of three-dimensional weather, and ventilation shaft is established near the mountain, cold air on the mountain is caused the mountain at the bottom of, even the farther hot place production of lowering the temperature.If the method for pipe is, in the soil property location, with piping laying in underground 0.5-1.0 rice depths, in rock land section, leap place, river and steep cliff location, pipeline can be made inside and outside two-layer sleeve pipe, middle with stuffed heat insulated insulating tubes of heat-insulating material such as polystyrene bubble grains, expose then and fix or be set up in above-mentioned location.Pipeline was laid the available air exhauster in back and is extracted into hot place and carries out various cooling productions cold air on the mountain is heat insulation.Owing to obtain low-temperature receiver easily, so can nourish and grow to being suitable for dormancy to perennial plant, and the temperature of mountain top cold air also reached plant dormancy when temperature required at that time, plant is added sunshade again behind the fastener film, feed short its of cold air then and enter resting state in advance, be i.e. the imposed rest cultivation of non-resting stage.Also can extract the high mountain cold air when entering winter and carry out iced storage.(2) in high water level area, no mountain that low-temperature receiver lacks, short-term at underground construction cladding thickness 2-3 rice is store cold storage hot-tub, build the cold refrigeration of the auxiliary storage of a type storehouse again, in institute's refrigeration source short-term storage intake pool behind industrial exhaust heat and the compressed air, and then produce by the heat exchanger in the pond cold and hot being used for that swap out in a short time.(3) the energy-conservation cultivation of connecting.Be provided with a plurality of the ganging up of partly-exposed basement in aluminium alloy heat exchange tube road and build being provided with temperature storage dehumidifying bed and wall in the front-back wall, be that above-mentioned bed road builds up straight-through one, indoor two walls are divided into three, three production chambers are divided into relative high temperature, middle temperature, temperature production chamber, and corresponding kind is made high temperature, middle temperature, low temperature kind, to send into from low temperature chamber from the cold air of freezer when cooling in summer is produced, after medium temperature chamber, discharge from hot room; Heat up when producing winter, and hot-air is sent into from the high temperature production chamber, discharges from the temperature production chamber after medium temperature chamber.Reach the efficient utilization of the cold and hot energy with this.The ventilation of basement also can utilize this energy-conservation production of method that efficiently utilizes cold and hot complementary energy.Energy-conservation production also can underground ground combines.

Four, preservation by low temperature, refrigeration and cold treatment preservation by low temperature, refrigeration, cold treatment room can and build with C type storage freezer or the merging of dormancy depots, also can build separately.No matter be to merge to build or build separately, its plane structure chart is identical with the B part among Fig. 9.No. 11 chamber is the C type storage freezer that expansion is widened deeply when building jointly, is the dormancy storeroom near 1,2,3, No. 7 chamber of storage freezer, then is fresh-keeping, refrigeration, cold treatment room near 6,10,5, No. 9 chambers of outlet.When independent construction, No. 11 chamber be not for adding the ice storing cabin that expansion is widened deeply, and all the other then are fresh-keeping, refrigeration, cold treatment room.Fresh-keeping and the refrigerated storage temperature of fruit, vegetables, flowers and edible mushroom is: garlic stems-1-0 ℃, mushroom, leek etc. are 0 ℃, and cut-flower is 0.5-1.5 ℃, and the refrigerated storage temperature of flowers napiform root is about 5 ℃, needs 11-13 ℃ and cucumber is fresh-keeping.The cold treatment of flowers need be carried out the cold treatment of different time from 0 ℃ to 10 ℃ different temperatures production chamber equally.And fresh-keeping, refrigeration, cold treatment storehouse are built for solving above-mentioned needs.Wherein the function of No. 11 storage chambers just provides low-temperature receiver for the ventilation temperature adjustment.The method of temperature adjusting is to change cold heat exchange by the heat exchanger that is located at every chamber by ventilation to be achieved.Also can adopt method with the phase-change material temperature adjustment in the Edible Fungi to combine and carry out the comprehensive temperature adjustment of many-side with ventilation heat exchange.The cladding thickness in whole fresh-keeping cold treatment storehouse both can freezer be the same with the dormancy depots is built in the massif with storage, also can partly be built in the massif, but the also thick covering of low temperature chamber, hot room and doorway are thin to be covered, but the thinnest cladding thickness is no less than 3 meters.

Five, at home the production of balcony semi-finished product with nutrient components such as leek, Chinese toon, fiddlehead store sufficient, artificially prolong the semi-finished product of dormancy, breaking dormancy is heeled in the plastic box dish at any time, sending at home the results cultivation of producing in balcony or the corridor then.Because the nutriment of these vegetables stores accumulation in last a year, so the key in the balcony cultivation is to have regulated and control temperature, and the said goods all belongs to the low temperature kind, the growth comfort zone is wider, low temperature as ability-4--5 ℃ in leek blade, blade is just withered and yellow in the time of-6--10 ℃, stores under the big environment of sufficient, moistening, the low light level and day and night temperature in nutrition simultaneously, also can not influence its product quality even grow under 28-30 ℃ the hot conditions.Balcony utilizes phase-change material regulation and control changes in temperature in addition, can cultivate in the four seasons.For non-nutrition storage type kind, as coriander, also can non high temperature season by factory's vernalization under 20-25 ℃ environment, sowing, until emerging, and then migrate tame balcony and cultivate.Equally, nutrition storage type flowers, as Chinese herbaceous peony, its main nutrient composition before blooming is also from the accumulation of last year, prolongation dormancy method can make shift to an earlier date its flowering stage equally or be delayed in the natural florescence, can migrate tame balcony equally and carry out blooming cultivation after plant produced becomes semi-finished product.Concrete grammar of balcony semi-finished product culturing vegetable flowers and heating and cooling method and balcony culturing edible fungus are identical, and the two mixed culture can also impel the complementation of oxygen and carbon dioxide, can reduce the ventilation amount in severe winter.The cultivation of balcony semi-finished product is not only good and cheap, but also the tool ornamental value, material, the two incomes of spirit.

Six, anniversary thermophilic breed temperature and feed are the two big key factors that influence raise benefit.The wild rare animal that particularly has hibernation habit and alternating temperature physiology domestic animal for those, when carrying out artificial domestication, not only need the insulation of the gain of heat in the winter time, and more need execute cold cooling in summer, but present breeding technology does not also reach the economically viable cooling level of production.The comprehensive development and utilization technology that cold and hot storage, ground temperature, temperature difference per day and day differ from four large resources has solved this problem.Underground production chamber as shown in Figure 15 also can be used for culturing.C type chamber both can have been built up and support the soft-shelled turtle pond, also can build up the raising farm of meiofaunas such as raising ermine, fowl.The B chamber can be reconstructed and be become to be suitable for three-dimensional production chamber of raising in the box-frame, raises as scorpio and long-nosed pit viper.A type chamber then is more suitable for carrying out vermiculture in organic matters such as utilizing edible fungi quarrel and animal wastes.For the raising that resembles larger animals such as black bear, beef cattle, can near the mountain main raising farm be built in the massif, the corresponding again open-air activity place of building outside the mountain, can in native 3-5 rice step formula construction successively mountain, make up feed lot up and down outside the mountain along the hillside, during the lower game farming of the thermophilic that is used to grow, the playground sky is planted large-scale grape trellis again and is carried out sunshading and temperature reducing, and winter is plastic covering film temperature raising and maintaining on frame.Also can build receptacle on the spot in area, no mountain, all around with soil or industrial furnace quarrel covering and heat insulating.No matter which kind of raising method, the method during cold and hot regulate and control method and edible mushroom and vegetable or flower are produced is the same, mainly relies on cold and hot storage to facilitate the integrated application of ground temperature, temperature difference per day and day difference.The advantage of this cultural technique maximum is to facilitate low temperature environment to culture, and can make poikilotherm and the animal cancellation hibernation with hibernation habit, and the anniversary thermophilic is cultured.Simultaneously with breed and edible mushroom, vegetable or flower Joint Production, can unify to build cold and hot depots, the unified use raised the efficiency, again can be with positive product and by product comprehensive development and utilization, do clover as kind, the tender shoots human consumption, all the other then supply feed used, the edible fungi quarrel both can directly be made feed, also the field enriches carbonic acid gas again, the first-class feed of breeding earthworm especially, and fresh and alive earthworm then is the first-class good feed of high protein of meiofaunas such as snake, scorpion, soft-shelled turtle, ermine, earthworm dry powder is the high-protein feed additive of all animals, and wormcast still is the high-quality fertilizer.Animal wastes are the production main material of mushroom and earthworm, also are plant organic fertilizers.The evaluation and exploration technology of the hypoxemia high carbon dioxide content gas two big novel agricultural resources in the comprehensive development and utilization technology that differs from cold and hot obviously storage, ground temperature, temperature difference per day and day four large resources and " go to the field " and the Edible Fungi is to be connected the thing of supporting one's family, plantation and breed three big industries, to facilitate the strong tie of novel ecological agricultural.

Claims (48)

1, a underground cold storing technology, wherein A type depots is the wide 1.2-1.5 rice that is built in the mountain, high 1.7-2.0 rice, the top is the long hole of no lining cutting bar shaped of point circle shape, along the hole length direction, having internal diameter in the bottom, hole is 30 * 30 centimetres, length be respectively the hole long three/, 2/3rds and three ventilating ducts of total length, the end of ventilating duct communicates with the storage hole, storing both sides, hole and top perpendicular to the hole length direction, one in vertical every 1-2 rice, vertical two rows are provided with 10 centimetres of diameters, the horizontal small holes of length more than 5 meters, straightening the footpath in the small holes again is 7 centimetres isometric plastic water bag, be 0.5-1 centimetre the little ventilation duct of plastics with diameter on the water bag, little ventilation duct is drawn outside the storehouse to workplace after inserting total ventilation duct, the both sides, top have upward to, the no water bag cavity that diameter is 10 centimetres, whole storage is filled up cobble in the hole, ventilation shaft is from the underground workplace that leads to, the hole is to be no less than 10 meters backfill soil sealing, build 3 meters of a plurality of diameters outside the storehouse, dark 1.3 meters, the solar energy heating hole that is pan bottom shape, coating plastic film on the near coal-mine bow type bamboo chip, in parallel again after the hole series connection of a plurality of thermal-arrests, establish the insulating plastic pipe canopy again on every group of series connection group, be provided with the bavin standing grain incinerator of heat exchange pipeline in also found a capital outside the storehouse burner hearth and the furnace wall, thick soil covers around the stove; The structure of Type B depots also is the long hole that is built in the mountain, wide 1.5-2 rice, the both sides, hole are brick wall, middle concrete prefabricated board is separated by, vertical multilayer is stacking plastic water bag in length and breadth on every layer of dividing plate, leave the expansion space between water bag and the upper strata dividing plate, along vertically establishing the unidirectional deep bead that a forward can keep out the wind, oppositely can ventilate every 5-10 rice, bottom of the reservior vertical passage, both sides, hole small holes and hole are handled with A type storehouse identical in reserving the expansion space; The structure of C type depots is cold and hot different, and the storage freezer is the long hole of the big volume of large cross-section tunnel formula, and the double-layer heat insulation door is established at the hole; The storage heat reservoir then is to build a plurality of ponds again in the big section tunnel, in each pond heat exchanger is housed, and the storage heat reservoir has village industry stoves such as the lime that forms a complete production network, brick and tile outward; The structure in the cold refrigeration of the auxiliary storage of a type storehouse is wide 1.5-2 rice, high 2 meters, two brick-on-edge walls, the long hole of top loam cake concrete prefabricated board, in the hole vertically and the hole laterally be provided with heat exchanger, establish 30 * 30 centimetres ventilating duct at the bottom of the hole, hole and draw the hole Outer Tube and handle one in hole peripheral hardware air compressor by operations involving high pressure; The auxiliary depots of b type is to be built in the native mountain, at the bottom of the mountain to mountain top direction soil cave obliquely, cross dimensions is wide 1-1.2 rice, high 1.6-1.8 rice, the top is point circle shape, two kinds of enclosed type and non-enclosed types are arranged, enclosed type is that the hole end does not dig out ground, non-enclosed type becomes through state for the hole end digs out ground, when the mountain is difficult for digging out ground too greatly, after digging certain-length, hole length upwards turns to, dig out ground from the homonymy hill-side, dig out ground place establish a band valve ventilation duct after with 8 meters compactings of hole backfill, the pass-out surface duct causes the mountain top along ground again after 50-100 centimetre of zanjon and laid pipes backfill are dug in the mountain top, enclosed type storage heat reservoir is established a ventilating duct at the bottom of the hole, on cover 50-100 cm thick soil, terminal and main hole communicates, enclosed type storage freezer is established two ventilating ducts up and down at the bottom of the hole, in the middle of the twice with the 50 cm thick soil phases every, cover 50 cm thick soil on the ventilating duct of upper strata again, two ventilating ducts communicate with main hole after the intercommunication endways more up and down, non-enclosed type storage heat reservoir is not established ventilating duct at the bottom of the hole, non-enclosed type storage freezer is only established a ventilating duct at the bottom of the hole, and communicates in the past going out ground with main hole, and the ventilating duct internal diameter is 30 * 30 centimetres at the bottom of the hole, make step at the bottom of the hole behind the earthing, and on step, stack the plastic sack that water is housed, and ventilating duct is drawn outside the hole with band valve pipe under hole and the hole, and b type storehouse connects separately when making fills out compacting with the soil that is no less than 8 meters thickness together with the hole; It is characterized in that: it is that the process of A, the cold and hot storage of Type B depots is in the above mountain of 10-16 rice that all depots are all built cladding thickness in: with fan blower send into cold air storage freezer in during the minimum air temperature at night winter; Summer is with the atural beat air, anniversary cheats institute's thermal-arrest air and bavin standing grain incinerator with solar energy heating and burns institutes such as Chai He and obtain hot-air and send into fan blower and store in the heat reservoir, allow cobble in storehouse wall topsoil (rock) and the storehouse, water bag at first absorbs cold and hot, and then slowly transmit cold and hot to storehouse wall deep soil, through second after second carrying the long term storage of cold and hot air repeatedly, thereby reach at storehouse wall deep soil and Ku Nei medium midium or long term and store cold and hot purpose in large quantities, Type B storage freezer is store when cold, reverse ventilation earlier, the upper strata water bag is freezed earlier, because of freezing to increase forward to blow again behind the space between bag and the bag water bag is successively frozen down, when taking-up is cold and hot, the sectionalized ventilation road can take out by different temperatures piecemeal successively with cold and hot in the storehouse, both satisfied different temperatures demand in the production, can make storehouse wall deep layer Cooling and Heat Source have time enough progressively to discharge piecemeal again, the effect of storehouse wall duck eye is, from total ventilation duct cold and hot air is sent into little ventilation duct in each aperture, deep soil transmission towards periphery is cold and hot again after making the absorption of aperture endosexine soil and water bag cold and hot, operate with method during cold and hot taking-up, the effect of setting up small holes is the deficiency that remedies the thermal conduction of soil poor performance, plays a part to promote storage fast to advance and quick the taking-up in the cold and hot storage scope of storehouse wall; The cold process of storage of C type storage freezer is: logical repeatedly earlier cold air is cold to the storage of storehouse wall deep layer, directly store in naturally frozen ice outside the storehouse in the storehouse then, storage ice time is continued logical cold air all to be reached ice and storehouse wall to work as annual minimum temperature, also can be in the storehouse water filling and feed cold air and successively freeze storage ice in the storehouse, till when full and temperature is minimum up to storage: the storage of C type storage heat reservoir millpond is hot, be about to using residual heat from kiln furnace and at first send into the heat exchanger in first pond in the storehouse with air-heater, send second again behind the absorbing and cooling temperature, the 3rd pond, up to the waste heat storage to the greatest extent, when treating that first pond storage heat reaches requirement, change into and at first send into second pond, send the 3rd again, the 4th pond as preceding storage heat step by step, while first pond can be taken out the heat energy supply by heat exchanger and be produced used, so form a large amount of high-temperature residual heats that produce in the stove short time, and C type storage heat reservoir also can be stored high-temperature residual heat fast in a large number at short notice, then can be in the well-to-do relatively time at any time with heat unit, an amount of heat-obtaining is store the pattern of heat with heat with the short-term circulation of the back, such front " whole deposit " " zero gets " of heat; It also is to store cold in the wall of storehouse by prolonged and repeated cold air heat exchange that the cold refrigeration of the auxiliary storage of a type storehouse is store cold in advance, lack the area at natural cooling source, utilize ebb electricity consumption at night in the winter time, compress in the storehouse with will the night low temperature air of air compressor, simultaneously also with the Cryogenic air heat that the heat exchanger normal pressure swaps out and discharges because of the storehouse inner high voltage in the storehouse, and send the storage heat reservoir to store it, treat storehouse temperature reduce to the storehouse outside when close, the decompression cooling, the low temperature cold air that temperature is fallen is greatly delivered to supporting with it freezer storage, reach the purpose that ice can be store in nothing ice area with this, also can be cold in non-winter as the cold storage of legal system; The cold and hot storage of the auxiliary depots of b type divides three kinds of situations, when b type storehouse is the enclosed type of independent construction, with blower fan cold and hot air is sent into from positive hole, ventilating duct is discharged under the hole, when b type storehouse is the non-enclosed type of building separately, cold and hot air can be sent into from an end in hole, discharge from the other end in hole then, as b type storehouse and A, B, when non-enclosed type is built together in C type storehouse, cold and hot air is from A, B, C type storehouse hole head sends into, discharge from the end in Type B storehouse, or oppositely air-supply, ventilate repeatedly so day by day and change cold heat exchange, meanwhile the water bag in the b type storehouse has played cold and hot two biographies, in many ways effect finally reaches the cold and hot purpose of deep subsoil storage around b type storehouse, used Cooling and Heat Source in b type storehouse and A, the used Cooling and Heat Source of Type B depots is identical, and b type storage freezer can only change cold by ventilating duct under the hole when taking out low-temperature receiver; Soil or rock had both worked the insulation effect of protecting hot cold insulation around aforementioned all depots, had played the cold storage effect of storage heat storage again, and especially b type and A type depots more are stored as the master with storehouse wall soil or rock.

2, underground cold according to claim 1 is stored, and it is characterized in that: A type depots light section does not have the lining cutting excavation, and cobble one thing three usefulness in the storehouse promptly two pass cold and hot, double do support and cold and hot storage.

3, underground cold according to claim 1 is stored, and it is characterized in that: ventilation shaft is made up of many different pipelines of length at the bottom of A, the Type B depots hole.

4, underground cold according to claim 1 is stored, and it is characterized in that: the activity of Type B depots central dividing plate can move.

5, underground cold according to claim 1 is stored, and it is characterized in that: the medium for storing of Type B depots is for the packed water of plastics, stack in length and breadth, on establish one-way vent valve.

6, underground cold according to claim 1 is stored, and it is characterized in that: lead to cold wind after the water filling in the C type storage freezer storehouse and freeze storage ice on the spot.

7, underground cold according to claim 1 is stored, and it is characterized in that: C type storage heat reservoir and village industry kiln are united the construction Joint Production.

8, underground cold according to claim 1 is stored, and it is characterized in that: the compressed air refrigeration chamber is built in the mountain.

9, underground cold according to claim 1 is stored, and it is characterized in that: the automatic obliquely spoir of b type depots plastic foil shop fixtures is dug a hole.

10, underground cold according to claim 1 is stored, and it is characterized in that: the b type is the step type at the bottom of the auxiliary depots hole, stacks plastic water bag on the step.

11, underground cold according to claim 1 is stored, and it is characterized in that: along digging 0.5-1 rice ditch in massif ground, ditch is transferred backfill behind the ventilation shaft, and ventilation duct can be buried any place of massif underground.

12, underground cold according to claim 1 is stored, and it is characterized in that: the horizontal apertures hole that the densely covered in length and breadth diameter in depots both sides is 10 centimetres, and plastic water bag that built-in diameter is 7 centimetres and diameter 0.5-1.0 centimetre little ventilation duct, the top is no water bag cavity.

13, underground cold according to claim 1 is stored, and it is characterized in that: small holes excavation shovel is by long 90 centimetres of shovel head and every handle, in establish 3 activity casting scuppits, the handle two ends can firmly connect a plurality of spades compositions of same handle.

14, underground cold according to claim 1 is stored, and it is characterized in that: in parallel again after the series connection of solar energy heating hole, every series connection group adds the plastic, thermal-insulation canopy again.

15, underground cold according to claim 1 is stored, and be under it is special: the bavin standing grain burns in the burner hearth and establishes the helical form heat exchanger, and thick soil covers around the peripheral hardware heat exchange net road, furnace wall, stove.

16, an edible mushroom underground water production technology, wherein basement up and down around wall respectively be provided with outward one group by rock or the packed water of plastics as medium, the temperature storage temperature adjustment bed of energy cyclical breathing, respectively be provided with a group aluminum alloy heat exchange pipeline on the inwall both walls, center of top is provided with vertical aeration air intake pipe of the aperture that gathers, place, two bottom sides corner respectively establishes vertical ventilation exhaust duct of a same aperture that gathers, center of top also is provided with the longitudinal high-pressure sparge pipe of the spray nozzle that gathers, sparge pipe can move up and down spraying, this is single basement structure, all basement is by (A), (B) two groups of compositions, the aisle is established in every group of centre, and a basement is built every 3～5 meters in the both sides, aisle, build side by side for two groups, center-aisle links to each other, and (A) group is bacterial classification, the bacterium material is cultivated, if mushroom culture also comprises the preceding section of producing of the fruiting of briquetting annesl; (B) group for from urge flower bud to fruiting again to the circulation fruiting section of bacteria; Cultivating stand is the flowable layer stereo steelframe of belt wheel; The cultivation case is the white plastic case; The length and width of holding pad are identical with cultivation case internal diameter, and thick 1.5～2.5 centimetres, the edge of binder one side is the quadrant shape groove shape of 1～2 centimetre of circle of radius; Perforated board be by length, in, short three kinds of diameters are 2 millimeters, put in order at first by length, in, short three pins of arranging, be right after then three pins by weak point, in, long, in, short arrangement mode constantly repeats until being covered with full plate, adjust the distance between two pins, make that first pin is minute hand entirely around the perforated board, whole perforated board length and width size is half of distance between two minute hands less than the distance of cultivation case internal diameter length and width; Urge the whole plate face of flower bud plate evenly to be provided with several transparent apertures in length and breadth, each transparent apertures is the rectangle of 2～4 centimetres of the length of sides, the distance of non-transparent part is the twice of this direction transparent apertures length of side between two holes, wholely urges flower bud plate length and width size each lacks the distance of this direction transparent apertures length of side than cultivation case internal diameter; Mobile sprayer be on the flat car of belt wheel by a high-pressure water tank, a normal pressure water tank, a high-pressure hydraulic pump, an automatic pressure-controlled device of cover and many shower nozzles water injector are formed; Phase-change material such as dress Macrogol 600 in the plastic sack is put on the wheel carrier after putting in the plastic box again; At home be provided with solar thermal collector and heat collection water tank in the balcony, stack in length and breadth in the water tank by plastics packed the plastic sack of phase-change materials such as Macrogol 600; The supporting iced storage storehouse that has; It is characterized in that: at first all are adjusted into the thermostatic chamber that is suitable for the mycelial growth temperature between producing with (A) section, because of basement 3～6 meters depths that locate below ground level, the natural ground temperature anniversary cool in summer and warm in winter in the basement is constant relatively, so, based on ground temperature, utilize the cold and hot resource of stored for future use and in one day high night in daytime low temperature difference per day resource, the natural cooling and heating air is further heated up and sends into temperature storage temperature adjustment bed outside the indoor and cellar wall of basement after the cooling through storing cold and hot storehouse, make an interior medium absorb behind the strong cold heat-flash again to around deep soil slowly transmit, change cold heat exchange repeatedly, progressively make the cold and hot air that changes cold heat exchange near the thermostatic chamber temperature, basement and whole (A) section zone is adjusted to the thermostatic chamber that is suitable for mycelial growth the most at last, the flat-temperature zone, because the rock of temperature storage bed separates soil and wall, can reduce the interior moisture content of soil to infiltrating within the walls, moisture in the bed can swap out ventilation heat exchange the time in bed in addition, so this bed also has dehumidification function, it is temperature storage temperature adjusting and dehumidifying bed, again since (A) section when building, carried out moistureproof processing around the wall, exsiccation during the temperature storage temperature adjustment in addition, when the thermostatic chamber furnishing, the humidity of indoor and whole (A) section has also been regulated and control to the level that is fit to mycelial growth; (B) the production chamber combination of section different temperatures varying number is: to urge flower bud, fruiting, the growth time of three production phases of bacteria is ratio, production chamber in (B) section also is combined into according to the above ratio and urges flower bud chamber, mushroom producing room and foster castor chamber, and by temperature required separately, also as (A) phase method is regulated and control into corresponding thermostatic chamber, and constant temperature fecundity mushroom class is then only carried out the combination and the temperature adjustment of production chamber by fruiting (ear) and the time scale of two production phases of bacteria; Spawn culture during flowing water is produced is same as the prior art, during the cultivate material preparation water content is deployed into the required optimum level of mycelial growth, water is added in advance during not with fruiting, with the cultivating champignon is the example explanation, after treating that the bacterium bag is sent out bacterium and finished, take off bag and remove old mycoderma, it is 2 centimetres fritter that the bacterium rod is ground into diameter, sifting out fine powder uses in addition, the bacterium material that to send out bacterium then good and be ground into piece evenly mixes and adds first batch of required moisture content of fruiting with the raw material of not sending out bacterium or grog in 7: 3 ratio, the cultivation case pack then into also with smooth plank compacting charge level, on the charge level of compacting, spread the fine-powder that sifts out when one deck bacterium material is pulverized again, and spread all around a circle what the cultivation case contacted with charge level more, use special-purpose holding pad compacting charge level afterwards again, make the material and the contact position of case form a retaining ring that protrudes charge level, vanning will cultivate after finishing case put on the wheel carrier and the plastic covering film after send the lower bacterium chamber of temperature of 18～20 ℃ to send out bacterium, treat that the charge level mycelia is dense and throw off plastic foil after white, by make dry short its annesl of charge level to the room ventilation ventilation, when treating that annesl finishes, to cultivate case is pushed into (B) Duan Cuilei chamber together with cultivating stand and carries out 3～5 ℃ low temperature and light stimulation and urge flower bud, urging the flower bud phase can directly put to ice in indoor lowers the temperature, or take out cold air heat exchange in indoor aluminium alloy heat exchange tube road from freezer and lower the temperature, reduce the room ventilation heat exchange to increase carbon dioxide in air content, promote that further the mushroom flower bud forms, urging flower bud to send temperature after one day is that 15～18 ℃ mushroom producing room is carried out the further differentiation of fruit body and the growth cultivation of fruit body, when treating that fruit body reaches harvesting standard, wheel carrier is pushed into adopts mushroom in the aisle, punching moisturizing operation, also nutrition and pH value are replenished and regulates in the time of moisturizing, after the moisturizing, sending temperature again is that 23～25 ℃ no phototrophic bacteria chamber is carried out the mycelia nutrition rehabilitation and cultivated,------flowing water of---moisturizing---bacteria of adopting mushroom finishes until production in producing the training mushroom to treat to enter after bacteria finishes the flower bud of urging of a new round again; Temperature in the whole process of production, humidity and oxygen content regulation and control mainly are the temperature difference resources of utilizing in a day, Cryogenic air, the high temperature air at noon at night are sent into sent streamline to carry out the ventilation of temperature adjustment, damping, accent oxygen again after cold and hot depots is adjusted to the thermophilic air; The method of sharp phase-change material temperature adjustment is: whole of phase-change material is pushed into changes cold house or Heat Room and concentrate to inhale and send the production chamber to need cold insulation to protect the heat place again after the solid or heat absorption fusing of condensation to carry out phase-changing and temperature-regulating; Humidity during the fruiting can flow to spray water and be guaranteed by the concentrated water spray of indoor sprayer unit or with mobile sprayer; Utilization urges the flower bud plate to urge the process of flower bud to be: when bacteria enters the later stage, to urge the flower bud plate to put the bacteria chamber makes its temperature consistent with the bacterium material, push urge the flower bud chamber before, to urge the flower bud plate to cover on the cultivation case charge level, push then and urge the flower bud chamber, the charge level that be exposed this moment had both touched light stimulation, also touch the low temperature stimulation that the temperature difference reaches 20 ℃, and the charge level that lining covers is lowered the temperature slowly and do not have light stimulus, so just very easily form the mushroom flower bud in the exposed section, when the cultivation later stage urges the flower bud effect undesirable, directly sprinkle further stimulation of ice powder in the exposed section and urge flower bud; The flower mushroom production process is: treat that mushroom producing room mushroom body grows to when being fit to the flower mushroom production standard, cultivating stand is pushed between ad hoc reducing temperature and humidity, then indoor hot humid air is sent into the heat exchanger that changes the cold house through pipeline, put ice on the heat exchanger, send back between reducing temperature and humidity again after making damp-heat air cooling dehumidification by condensation, circulation reducing temperature and humidity like this, reach the flower mushroom forming room that send dry thermophilic when low temperature drying can not be grown again until the mushroom body, not open close wind ventilation keeps 18 ℃ of room temperatures and dry environment, finally facilitates flower mushroom to form; When basement is cultivated bacterium material to fruiting with the case method of planting, migrate tame balcony and establish frame and carry out the fruiting cultivation.

17, edible mushroom underground water production technology according to claim 16 is characterized in that: wall is provided with outward by rock or the plastic water bag temperature storage temperature adjusting and dehumidifying bed as medium around the basement.

18, edible mushroom underground water production technology according to claim 16 is characterized in that: cultivating stand is divided into universal wheel by the layer stereo slotted-angle shelving and is formed.

19, the aquatic technology of edible mushroom underground current according to claim 16 is characterized in that: case is planted and sent out bacterium in the material is 7: 3 with the ratio of not sending out the bacterium material.

20, edible mushroom underground water production technology according to claim 16 is characterized in that: the charge level that case is planted and case contact position materials extrude a circle water blocking belt, when perforated board at charge level evenly when punching and moisturizing, the hopper junction is water-tight.

21, underground cold according to claim 1 is stored and the described edible mushroom underground water of claim 16～20 production technology, and it is characterized in that: whole process of production is a continuous productive process.

22, edible mushroom underground water production technology according to claim 16 is characterized in that: urging and evenly being provided with the length of side on the flower bud plate in length and breadth is 2～4 centimetres transparent apertures, and the nontransparent distance between per two transparent apertures is the twice of this direction transparent apertures length of side.

23, edible mushroom underground water production technology according to claim 16 is characterized in that: the sprayer that flows is made up of flat car, high-pressure water tank, normal pressure water tank, high-pressure hydraulic pump, automatic pressure-controlled device and many nozzle sprayers.

24, edible mushroom underground water production technology according to claim 16 is characterized in that: the process of flower mushroom production is to educate mushroom from control environment, to the growth of reducing temperature and humidity inhibition mushroom, the flowing water cultivation of facilitating flower mushroom to form to the thermophilic drying again.

25, edible mushroom underground water production technology according to claim 16, it is characterized in that: phase-change material is concentrated cold-storage and thermal storage, flows or the hot temperature adjustment of the cool guarantor of dispersion guarantor.

26, edible mushroom underground water production technology according to claim 16 is characterized in that: batch production semi-finished product case cultivated edible fungi, and balcony corridor solar energy heating at home, phase-change material is transferred the cold fruiting cultivation of warm color tone.

27, vegetable or flower and culture anniversary high-quality production new technology, wherein the dormancy depots is built in the Yushan Hill.

28, vegetables according to claim 27, flowers, breed anniversary high-quality production technology, it is characterized in that: with the edible fungi quarrel is the bacterium bacterial classification, and the plant straw is a raw material, and raw material head executes before ploughing, pulverize and mix after the straw fermentation with the edible fungi quarrel, plant is in the ranks ditched and executes behind the grog.

29, vegetables according to claim 27, flowers, breed anniversary high-quality production technology, it is characterized in that: the plant that nutrition has been stored in rhizome is dug out from ground, put to rely on the dormancy of nature temperature to store in the box-frame, but breaking dormancy production whenever and wherever possible.

30, vegetables according to claim 27, flowers, breed anniversary high-quality production technology is characterized in that: nutrition storage type plant is in the nutrition cultivation of thermophilic area, in the product cultivation of non-thermophilic strange land.

31, vegetables according to claim 27, flowers, breed anniversary high-quality production technology, it is characterized in that: (A) type cultivating chamber front wall and the preceding outer temperature storage temperature adjusting and dehumidifying bed that all is provided with in back, wall is provided with the aluminium alloy heat exchange tube road, and the plastic film top is provided with louvered sunshade or grape trellis.

32, vegetables according to claim 27, flowers, breed anniversary high-quality production technology is characterized in that: (B) the indoor cultivating stand of type, both done the pillar of placing the cultivation case in the multilayer cultivation, and do top concrete prefabricated board column again, a thing dual-purpose.

33, underground cold storage according to claim 1 and the described vegetables of claim 27, flowers, breed anniversary high-quality production technology is characterized in that: the cultivation of per 12 hours transposition continuous-flow types " temperature difference " of the dark thermostatic chamber of high temperature illumination thermostatic chamber and low temperature.

34, underground cold storage according to claim 1 and the described vegetables of claim 27, flowers, breed anniversary high-quality production technology, it is characterized in that: the dark thermostatic chamber of low temperature and irradiance thermostatic chamber and high temperature exchanged cultivating chamber in per 12 hours, and " differential temperature " downgrades the flowing water cultivation.

35, underground cold storage according to claim 1 and the described vegetables of claim 27, flowers, breed anniversary high-quality production technology, it is characterized in that: " temperature difference " cultivation and " differential temperature " cultivation associating cultivation, the night ebb electricity consumption phase illumination cultivation that coexists of high and low greenhouse is exchanged cultivating chamber and is ceased dim dark cultivation after 12 hours.

36, described edible mushroom underground water production of underground cold storage according to claim 1 and claim 16 and the described vegetables of claim 27, flowers, breed anniversary high-quality production technology, it is characterized in that: the closed Joint Production of edible mushroom and vegetable or flower, the high carbon dioxide low oxygen content gas can all be used for the efficient cultivation that vegetable or flower promotes photosynthesis and suppresses to breathe in the Edible Fungi.

37, underground cold storage according to claim 1 and the described vegetables of claim 27, flowers, breed anniversary high-quality production technology is characterized in that: from extracting the ventilation that pure air is used for the close type cultivation chamber cleanly.

38, vegetables according to claim 27, flowers, breed anniversary high-quality production technology is characterized in that: logical in the open mountain pipeline is by inside and outside two layers of plastic sleeve pipe, and the poly-jasmine ethene bubble of middle filling grain is formed.

39, vegetables according to claim 27, flowers, breed anniversary high-quality production technology is characterized in that: logical mountain pipeline causes at the bottom of the mountain from the hilltop, directly gets low-temperature receiver.

40, underground cold storage according to claim 1 and the described vegetables of claim 27, flowers, breed anniversary high-quality production technology is characterized in that: feed after the sunshade of perennial plant button film and directly get the high mountain cold air or store in the dormancy cultivation that the freezer low-temperature receiver is facilitated non-natural dormancy period.

41, require 1 described underground cold to store and the described vegetables of claim 27, flowers, breed anniversary high-quality production technology according to power, it is characterized in that: (A) type cultivating chamber series connection and build the series connection cultivation.

42, underground cold storage according to claim 1 and the described vegetables of claim 27, flowers, breed anniversary high-quality production technology, it is characterized in that: fresh-keeping and cold storage cold treatment storehouse is made up of storage chamber and-1 ℃～10 ℃ the different functional compartments of a plurality of temperature.

43, edible mushroom underground water production according to claim 16 and the described vegetables of claim 27, flowers, breed anniversary high-quality production technology, it is characterized in that: balcony corridor semi-finished product are produced and are cultivated at home.

44, edible mushroom underground water production according to claim 16 and the described vegetables of claim 27, flowers, breed anniversary high-quality production technology, it is characterized in that: balcony and roof solar energy heating at home, water and fusing point are higher than the phase-change material heat storage and cold accumulation of zero degree.

45, vegetables according to claim 27, flowers, breed anniversary high-quality production technology is characterized in that (A) type cultivating chamber top grape trellis sunshading and temperature reducing.

46, underground cold storage according to claim 1 and the described vegetables of claim 27, flowers, breed anniversary high-quality production technology, it is characterized in that: the meiofauna basement is raised.

47, underground cold storage according to claim 1 and the described vegetables of claim 27, flowers, breed anniversary high-quality production technology, it is characterized in that: the animal feeding field is built by the mountain, half is built in the mountain, half is built in outside the mountain, part outside the mountain, hot day the grape trellis sunshading and temperature reducing, the cold day plastic foil covers heat-collecting heat-preserving.

48, require 1 described underground cold to store and the described vegetables of claim 27, flowers, breed anniversary high-quality production technology according to power, it is characterized in that: the animal feeding field is built along hillside step formula.

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