CN1244620C - 适合激光焊接的着色热塑性树脂组合物,其所用蒽醌着色剂及其模塑制品 - Google Patents
适合激光焊接的着色热塑性树脂组合物,其所用蒽醌着色剂及其模塑制品 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1244620C CN1244620C CNB018187625A CN01818762A CN1244620C CN 1244620 C CN1244620 C CN 1244620C CN B018187625 A CNB018187625 A CN B018187625A CN 01818762 A CN01818762 A CN 01818762A CN 1244620 C CN1244620 C CN 1244620C
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- formula
- dyestuff
- dye
- laser
- anthraquinone
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
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Abstract
本发明描述适于激光焊接的热塑性树脂组合物,其中加入了黑着色剂。这类着色剂由蒽醌染料的胺盐组成。可以加入其它染料、着色剂和许多其它材料。这类组合物一旦激光焊接,就表现出非常优良的力学与化学性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及含黑着色剂并宜于激光焊接的热塑性树脂组合物。更具体地说,本发明涉及激光焊接性和力学性能提高的这类组合物。
背景技术
让2个树脂制品(分别为不透明和透明的)彼此接触,透过预设量的激光束,聚焦在它们的接头处,使接头部分熔化并连接在一起的方法(“激光焊接”)是本领域内已知的。与连接塑料制品的传统方法相比,激光焊接有几个优点。例如,激光焊接以其操作简单、节省劳力、生产率提高、接头干净和生产成本降低而著称。这在各种应用中,包括汽车工业和电气、电子工业中制造包括中空形制品在内的模塑制品中很有用。最近,研究工作集中在热塑性树脂与一种含有机染料或颜料的着色剂的共混物的领域内。通过在树脂中加入这类着色剂能更好地控制激光能量转化为热能。激光束透过靠近激光束光源的透明制品,且被吸收系数比前述透明制品更高的不透明制品大量吸收。仔细控制其中的着色剂用量,使接头部分熔化并把两个制品连接在一起。
例如,参考日本出版(Koukoku)专利62-49850和日本出版(Koukoku)专利5(93)-42336。与激光焊接相关的其它树脂组合物在美国专利5,893,959中已有所述,该专利公开了由沿接头区的激光束焊接在一起的透明与不透明工件。2个工件都含炭黑之类的黑染料和颜料,使它们即使在焊接后仍有一个基本均匀的外观。
激光焊接组合物的其它实例可见诸于美国专利5,893,959中。例如,热塑性塑料部件的颜色可以是黑的(炭黑或尼格),在各种应用中,这种颜色更广泛地用于汽车工业。但是,炭黑和尼格透不过主要波长在红外区(1200nm-800nm)的激光束,例如工业上广泛使用的Nd:YAG激光和二极管激光。
意外的是业已发现,对拟受激光束作用的透明与不透明部件,外观都是黑色的热塑性树脂组合物都能用于激光焊接模塑制品。通过包括特定重量百分数的含蒽醌染料的胺盐的黑染料,可明显提高激光束中近红外光的透射率并兼具汽车应用中所需的耐热性和力学性能。
采用这些组分,热塑性树脂组合物能应用于激光焊接并表现出更好的可模塑性、在热塑性树脂中的溶解性、耐渗色与起霜性以及对激光束波长的透明性与耐化学品性。
发明概述
本文公开并要求适用于激光焊接的热塑性树脂组合物的权利:该组合物包含热塑性树脂和含蒽醌染料的胺盐的激光透射黑着色剂。更具体地说,该黑着色剂包含式[I]或式[II]的蒽醌染料的胺盐,其中
式[I]为:
其中,可以相同或不同的R1-R8独立地选自下列一组:H、烷基、芳基、链烯基、烷氧基、氨基、羟基、卤原子、酰基、酰氧基、酰胺、酰基-N-烷基酰胺、羧基、烷氧基羰基、环己酰胺、磺酰基、式[I-a]或-Y-W;以及R1-R8中至少一个是式[I-a];其中Y是S、O或NH,以及W选自未取代或取代烷基、链烯基和未取代或取代芳基,其中(Z)n+代表铵离子或一个衍生自一种有机胺化合物或一种碱性染料的阳离子;其中n为1或2,m1为一个1-4的整数以及K1是比值m1/n;
以及其中式[I-a]是:
其中,X是O或NH,以及可以相同或不同的R9-R13独立地选自下列一组:H、烷基、芳基、链烯基、烷氧基、氨基、N-烷基酰胺、N-芳基酰胺、羟基、卤原子、酰基、酰氧基、酰胺、酰基-N-烷基酰胺、羧基、烷氧基羰基或磺酰基。以上R1-R8和R9-R13中至少一个是磺酰基。
式[II]是:
其中,可以相同或不同的R47-R52独立地选自下列一组:H、烷基、芳基、链烯基、烷氧基、氨基、N-烷基酰胺、N-芳基酰胺、羟基、卤原子、酰基、酰氧基、酰胺、酰基-N-烷基酰胺、羧基、烷氧基羰基或磺酰基;以及R47-R52中至少一个是磺酰基。(F)h+代表铵离子或一个衍生自一种有机氨基化合物或一种碱性染料的阳离子,其中h是1或2,m4是一个1-4的整数及K4是比值m4/h。
式[II]中的式J选自式[II-a]或[II-b]且键合2个蒽醌,式[II-a]:
和式[II-b]:
其中,可以相同或不同的R53-R54独立地选自烷基(含1-8个碳原子)或氢。
用作本发明着色剂的蒽醌染料的胺盐具有红、蓝、紫和绿色。通过将上述染料盐与红染料如迫位酮染料和/或黄染料或单偶氮金属配合物染料或蒽吡啶酮染料按预定重量比混合,有可能获得黑色调。
附图简述
参考本文的附图,可更好地理解本发明。
图1是互相接触的制品与施于其上的激光束的示意图。
图2与图1同,但用的制品颜色相同;
图3是为激光焊接试验定位制品的侧视图;
图4是为激光焊接试验定位制品的顶视图;
图5是激光焊接试验中所用试片的侧视图与顶视图;
图6为激光焊接试验移到位的试片的侧视图。
发明详述
用于本发明、前面已叙述的、由式[I]或式[II]代表的所期望结构的染料盐用一般共知的方法制造,本领域内的技术人员很容易理解这些方法。一种惯用技术是使蒽醌染料与有机胺在溶剂中发生反应。由此反应而成的式[I]或式[II]对主要激光束波长(1200-800nm)具有良好的透射性。
色指数中所列的且用于本发明的碱性染料包括
C.I.碱性红染料:C.I.碱红1,2,3,4,5,6,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,19,20,26,27,35,36,37,48,49,52,53,54,66,68,
C.I.碱性蓝染料:C.I.碱蓝1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,18,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,35,36,37,45,46,47,49,50,55,56,60,62,67,75,77,79,80,81,83,87,88,89,90,94,95,96,97,
C.I.碱性紫染料:C.I.碱紫1,2,3,4,5,,6,7,8,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,20,21,23,24,25,27,40,
C.I.碱性绿染料:C.I.碱绿1,3,4,6,9,10,
在染料中形成上述蒽醌染料和/或能在染料中形成盐的适用胺包括脂族胺、脂环族胺、烷氧基烷基胺、带链烷醇的胺、二胺、胍衍生物的胺和芳族胺。
适用于制备用作本发明组合物中着色剂的式[I]染料盐的蒽醌酸性染料的实例示于下表1-1和1-2。左栏中的符号(如“I-2”和“I-13”)将有助于读者理解下文叙述中有关特定染料盐的讨论。
表1-1
产品实例号 | R1,R2,R3,R4,R5,R6,R7,R8 | K1(Z)n+ |
I-1 | R2=R5=R6=R7=R8=H,R4=OH,R1=R3=I-a,式[I-a]:X=NH,R11=NO2,R9=SO3H或SO3 -,R10=R12=R13=H | 松香铵 |
I-2 | R2=R3=R5=R6=R7=R8=H,R4=OH,R1=I-a,式[I-a]:X=NH,R11=CH3,R9=SO3 -,R10=R12=R13=H | H3N+(CH2)6NH2 |
I-3 | R2=R3=R5=R6=R7=R8=H,R1=I-a,R4=Y-W,式[I-a]:X=NH,R11=CH3,R9=SO3 -,R10=R12=R13=HY-W:Y=NH,W=CH3 | C12H25N+H3 |
I-4 | R2=R3=R5=R6=R7=R8=H,R1=R4=I-a,式[I-a]:X=NH,R11=CH3,R9=SO3H或SO3 -,R10=R12=R13=H | (C4H9)4N+ |
I-5 | R2=R3=R5=R6=R7=R8=H,R1R4=I-a,式[I-a]:X=NH,R9=R11=R13=CH3,R12=SO3H或SO3 -,R10=H | H3N+(CH2)6NH2 |
I-6 | R2=R3=R5=R 6=R7=R8=H,R1=R4=I-a,式[I-a]:X=NH,R11=CH3,R9=SO3 -,R10=R12=R13=H | (N+H3)2CNH |
I-7 | R2=R3=R5=R6=R7=R8=H,R1=R4=I-a,式[I-a]:X=NH,R11=C4H9,R9=SO3H或SO3 -,R10=R12=R13=H | H3N+(CH2)6NH2 |
I-8 | R2=R3=R5=R7=R8=H,R1=R4=I-a,R6=Y-W式[I-a]:X=NH,R11=CH3,R9=SO3H或SO3 -,R10=R12=R13=HY-W:Y=S,W=甲基苯基 | H3N+(CH2)4NH2 |
I-9 | R2=R3=R5=R6=R7=R8=H,R1=R4=I-a,式[I-a]:X=NH,R11=C4H9,R9=SO3 -,R10=R12=R13=H | 2(H3N+(CH2)6NH2) |
I-10 | R2=R5=R6=R7=R8=H,R3=SO3 -,R4=NH2,R1=I-a,式[I-a]:X=NH,R11=N(C3H7)COCH3,R9=R10=R12=R13=H | N-三甲基-N苄基铵 |
I-11 | R2=R5=R7=R8=H,R3=R6=SO3 -,R4=NH2,R1=I-a,式[I-a]:X=NH,R11=NHCOCH3,R9=R10=R12=R13=H | 2(CH3)4N+ |
I-12 | R2=R3=R5=R6=R7=R8=H,R1=R4=I-a,式[I-a]:X=NH,R9=R11=R13=CH3,R12=SO3H或SO3 -,R10=H | 二苯基胍铵 |
I-13 | R2=R3=R5=R6=R7=R8=H,R1=R4=I-a,式[I-a]:X=NH,R11=CH3,R9=SO3H或SO3 -,R10=R12=R13=H | 二(对-甲基苯基)胍铵 |
I-14 | R2=R3=R4=R5=R6=R7=H,R1=R8=I-a,式[I-a]:X=NH,R11=CH3,R9=SO3H或SO3 -,R10=R12=R13=H | C12H25N+H3 |
I-15 | R5=R6=R7=R8=H,R1=R4=NH2,R2=R3=I-a,式[I-a]:X=O,R11=CH3,R9=SO3H或SO3 -,R10=R12=R13=H | (CH3)4N+ |
表1-2
产品实例号 | R1,R2,R3,R4,R5,R6,R7,R8 | K1(Z)n+ |
I-16 | R5=R6=R7=R8=H,R1=R4=NH2,R2=R3=I-a,式[I-a]:X=O,R11=SO3H或SO3 -,R9=R10=R12=R13=H | H3N+(CH2)6NH2 |
I-17 | R3=R6=R7=R8=H,R2=CH3,R4=NH2,R5=SO3H或SO3 -,R1=I-a,式[I-a]:X=NH,R11=CH3,R9=SO3H或SO3 -,R10=R12=R13=H | C4H9N+H3 |
I-18 | R3=R6=R7=R8=H,R2=Br,R4=NH2,R5=SO3H或SO3 -,R1=I-a,式[I-a]:X=NH,R11=CH3,R9=SO3H或SO3 -,R10=R12=R13=H | H3N+(CH2)4NH2 |
I-19 | R2=R6=R7=R8=H,R3=OC12H25,R4=NH2,R5=SO3H或SO3 -,R1=I-a,式[I-a]:X=NH,R11=SO3H或SO3 -,R9=R10=R12=R13=H | C2H5OC3H6N+H3 |
I-20 | R2=R3=R6=R7=H,R4=R8=OH,R1=R5=I-a,式[I-a]:X=NH,R11=CH3,R9=SO3H或SO3 -,R10=R12=R13=H | (C8H17)4N+ |
I-21 | R2=R3=R5=R6=R7=R8=H,R1=R4=I-a,式[I-a]:X=NH,R9=R11=R13=CH3,R12=SO3 -,R10=H | 2(H3N+(CH2)6NH2) |
I-22 | R2=R5=R6=R7=R8=H,R3=SO3 -,R4=NH2,R1=I-a,式[I-a]:X=NH,R11=NHCOCH3,R9=R10=R12=R13=H | C4H9N+H3 |
I-23 | R2=R3=R5=R6=R7=R8=H,R1=R4=I-a,式[I-a]:X=NH,R11=CH3,R9=SO3H或SO3 -,R10=R12=R13=H | H3N+(CH2)6NH2 |
I-24 | R2=R3=R4=R5=R6=R7=H,R1=R8=I-a,式[I-a]:X=NH,R11=CH3,R9=SO3 -,R10=R12=R13=H | C2H5OC3H6N+H3 |
I-25 | R2=R5=R6=R7=R8=H,R3=SO3 -,R4=NH2,R1=I-a,式[I-a]:X=NH,R11=NHCOCH3,R9=R10=R12=R13=H | H3N+(CH2)6NH2 |
I-26 | R2=R5=R6=R7=R8=H,R3=SO3 -,R4=NH2,R1=I-a,式[I-a]:X=NH,R11=N(CH3)COCH3,R9=R10=R12=R13=H | 环己铵 |
I-27 | R2=R3=R5=R6=R7=R8=H,R1=R4=I-a,式[I-a]:K=NH,R9=R11=R13=CH3,R12=SO3H或SO3 -,R10=H | C2H5OC3H6N+H3 |
I-28 | R2=R3=R5=R6=R7=R8=H,R4=OH,R1=I-a,式[I-a]:X=NH,R11=CH3,R9=SO3 -,R10=R12=R13=H | H3N+(CH2)6NH2 |
I-29 | R2=R5=R6=R7=R8=H,R3=SO3 -,R4=NH2,R1=I-a,式[I-a]:X=NH,R11=N(CH3)COCH3,R10=R12=R13=H | N-三甲基-N苄基铵 |
I-30 | R3R5=R6=R7=R8=H,R1=R4=OH,R2=I-a,式[I-a]:X=NH,R9=CH3,R11=SO3 -,R10=R12=R13=H | N-三丁基-N苄基铵 |
I-31 | R5=R6=R7=R8=H,R1=R4=NH2,R3=SO3 -,R2=I-a,式[I-a]:X=O,R11=C12H25,R9=R10=R12=R13=H | C4H9N+H3 |
I-32 | R3=R6=R7=R8=H,R4=NH2,R2=R5=SO3H或SO3 -,R1=I-a,式[I-a]:X=NH,R11=C12H25,R9=R10=R12=R13=H | 苄基脲铵 |
I-33 | R2=R5=R6=R7=R8=H,R3=SO3 -,R4=NH2,R1=I-a,式[I-a]:X=NH,R10=COOC2H5,R9=R11=R12=R13=H | H3N+(CH2)6NH2 |
适用于制备用作本发明组合物中所含着色剂的式[II]的染料盐的蒽醌酸性染料的实例示于下表2中。
表2
产品实例号 | J | R47 | R48 | R49 | R50 | R51 | R52 | K4(F)h+ |
II-1 | 式[II-a] | SO3 - | NH2 | H | SO3 - | NH2 | H | 2(H3N+(CH2)6NH2) |
II-2 | 式[II-a] | SO3 - | NH2 | H | SO3H | NH2 | H | H3N+(CH2)6NH2 |
II-3 | 式[II-a] | SO3 - | OH | H | SO3H | OH | H | C12H25N+H3 |
II-4 | 式[II-b],R53=R54=H | SO3 | NH2 | H | NH2 | Cl | H | C2H5OC3H6N+H3 |
II-5 | 式[II-b],R53=R54=CH3 | SO3 - | NH2 | H | SO3H | NH2 | H | 二(对-甲基苯基)胍铵 |
II-6 | 式[II-b],R53=R54=CH3 | SO3 - | NH2 | H | SO3 - | NH2 | H | H3N+(CH2)4N+H3 |
II-7 | 式[II-b],R53=R54=H | SO3 - | NH2 | H | SO3H | NH2 | H | 松香铵 |
II-8 | 式[II-b],R53=R54=H | SO3 - | NH2 | H | SO3H | NH2 | H | H3N+(CH2)6NH2 |
II-9 | 式[II-b],R53=HR54=苯基 | SO3 - | OH | OCH3 | SO3H | OH | OCH3 | (C4H9)4N+ |
II-10 | 式[II-b],R53=R54=H | SO3 - | C3H9 | C3H9 | SO3H | H | H | N-三丁基-N-苄基铵 |
特别优选的胺是聚酰胺中的己二胺,因为它们结构的相似性。因此,由己二胺反应而成的式[I]或式[II]在聚酰胺中具有良好的溶解性和分散性。
含式[I]的2种染料盐的混合物或式[I]的染料盐和式[II]的染料盐的混合物的黑染料的实例如下:
实例1-黑染料
式[I-21]的蒽醌染料盐∶式[I-23]的蒽醌染料盐之重量比为4∶5。
实例2-黑染料
式[I-7]的蒽醌染料盐∶式[II-8]的蒽醌染料盐之重量比为1∶1。
各种迫位酮染料能与上述式[I]或式[II]的染料盐混合,以用作本发明组合物中的着色剂。现已知有下式[III]的产品。
式[III]:
与蒽醌混合以产生黑染料的迫位酮染料可单独使用或组合使用。
考虑在树脂中的溶解性和/或分散性,用于本发明组合物的优选迫位
酮染料是式[IV]的那些,
式[IV]:
其中,可以相同或不同的P和Q独立地是由下式[IV-a]-[IV-c]代表的结构单元;以及可以相同或不同的R14-R29是独立地选自下列一组的一个原子或基团:H、Cl与Br之类的卤原子、含1-18个碳原子的烷基、含1-18个碳原子的烷氧基、芳烷基、芳基;以及m6是数1或2。
式[IV-a]:
式[IV-b]:
式[IV-c]:
上述迫位酮染料在模塑中具有实际的耐热性并对主要激光束波长(800-1200nm)具有良好的透射率。
属颜色指数表中列于迫位酮类的染料有,例如
C.I.溶剂橙60,78,C.I.溶剂红135,162,178,179,C.I.溶剂紫29,C.I.颜料橙43,C.I.颜料红149。如果要提高在树脂中的溶解性和分散性,则优选溶剂型染料。
式[IV]的迫位酮染料的实例列于下表3。
表3
产品实例号 | P | Q |
IV-1 | 式[IV-b]R18=R19=R20=R21=R22=R23=H | 式[IV-a]R14=R15=R16=R17=H |
IV-2 | 式[IV-b]R18=R19=R20=R21=R22=R23=H | 式[IV-a]R14=R15=R16=R17=H |
IV-3 | 式[IV-b]R18=R19=R20=R21=R22=R23=H | 式[IV-c]R24=R25=R26=R27=R28=R29=H |
IV-4 | 式[IV-a]R14=R15=R16=R17=H | 式[IV-b]R18=R19=R20=R21=R22=R23=H |
IV-5 | 式[IV-b]R18=R19=R20=R21=R22=R23=H | 式[IV-c]R24=R26=R27=R28=R29=H,R25=OC2H5 |
IV-6 | 式[IV-b]R18=R19=R20=R21=R22=R23=H | 式[IV-a]R14=R15=R17=H,R18=苯甲酰基 |
IV-7 | 2个式[IV-b]R18=R19=R20=R22=R23=HR21=C4H9 | 式[IV-a]R14=R17=H |
IV-8 | 式[IV-b]R18=R19=R20=R21=R22=R23=H | 式[IV-c]R24=R26=R27=R28=R29=H,R25=苯基 |
IV-9 | 式[IV-b]R18=R19=R20=R21=R22=R23=H | 式[IV-a]R15=R16=R17=H,R14=Br |
IV-10 | 式[IV-b]R18=R19=R20=R21=R22=23R=H | 式[IV-a]R15=R16=R17=H,R14=COOH |
含式[I]或式[II]的染料盐与迫位酮染料的混合物的黑染料的实例如下所述:
实例3-黑染料
式[I-11]的蒽醌染料盐∶式[I-3]的蒽醌染料盐∶下式[IV-3]的迫位酮红染料∶下式[a]的蒽醌黄染料之重量比为5∶4∶1∶1。
式[a]:
实例4-黑染料
式[I-11]的蒽醌染料盐∶式[I-7]的蒽醌染料盐∶下式[IV-1]的迫位酮橙染料∶下式[a]的蒽醌黄染料之重量比为5∶3∶1∶1。
实例5-黑染料
式[I-21]的蒽醌染料盐∶下式[IV-3]的迫位酮红染料∶下式[a]的蒽醌黄染料之重量比为6∶2∶1。
实例6-黑染料
式[I-5]的蒽醌染料盐∶下式[IV-3]的迫位酮红染料∶下式[IV-1]的迫位酮橙染料之重量比为3∶2∶1。
实例7-黑染料
式[I-6]的蒽醌染料盐∶下式[IV-3]的迫位酮红染料∶下式[a]的蒽醌黄染料之重量比为6∶2∶1。
实例8-黑染料
式[I-6]的蒽醌染料盐∶下式[IV-3]的迫位酮红染料∶下式[IV-1]的迫位酮橙染料之重量比为3∶2∶1。
实例9-黑染料
式[I-21]的蒽醌染料盐∶下式[IV-3]的迫位酮红染料∶下式[b]的蒽醌黄染料之重量比为3∶2∶1。
式[b]:
实例10-黑染料
式[I-23]的蒽醌染料盐∶下式[IV-3]的迫位酮红染料之重量比为2∶1。
实例11-黑染料
式[I-21]的蒽醌染料盐∶下式[I-23]的蒽醌染料盐∶下式[IV-3]的迫位酮红染料之重量比为3∶1∶1。
实例12-黑染料
式[I-9]的蒽醌染料盐∶下式[IV-2]的迫位酮红染料∶下式[b]的蒽醌黄染料之重量比为6∶2∶1。
实例13-黑染料
式[II-8]的蒽醌染料盐∶下式[IV-3]的迫位酮红染料∶下式[a]的蒽醌黄染料之重量比为6∶2∶1。
实例14-黑染料
式[II-4]的蒽醌染料盐∶下式[IV-2]的迫位酮红染料∶下式[a]的蒽醌黄染料之重量比为6∶2∶1。
实例15-黑染料
式[II-10]的蒽醌染料盐∶下式[IV-3]的迫位酮红染料∶下式[a]的蒽醌黄染料之重量比为6∶2∶1。
实例16-黑染料
式[II-2]的蒽醌染料盐∶下式[IV-3]的迫位酮红染料∶下式[b]的蒽醌黄染料之重量比为6∶2∶1。
实例17-黑染料
式[I-5]的蒽醌染料盐∶下式[II-8]的蒽醌染料盐∶下式[IV-3]的迫位酮红染料之重量比为3∶3∶1。
属单偶氮配合物染料的染料能与式[I]或式[II]的染料盐混合以形成黑染料用作本发明组合物中的着色剂,且由下式[V]表示,
式[V]:
其中,可以相同或不同的R30和R31是Cl、SO2R32、SO2(-R33)(-R34)或H;其中可以相同或不同的R33和R34独立地是氢原子、线形或支化C1-C4烷基;R32是线形或支化的C1-C4烷基;L3和L4独立地是O或COO;(D)+是氢离子、碱金属的阳离子、铵阳离子、包括脂肪族伯胺、仲胺、叔胺在内的有机胺的阳离子、季铵离子;K2是一个整数,m2是0、1或2;M2选自离子价为2-4的金属(如Zn、Sr、Cr、Al、Ti、Fe、Zr、Ni、Mn、B(硼)或Co),优选三价金属如Cu,或三价金属如Cr、Co、Ni和Al。
B1和B2由式[V-a]或[V-b]表示。
式[V-a]:
或
式[V-b]:
其中,可以相同或不同的R35和R37是Cl、SO2R32、SO2(-R33)(-R34)或H;可以相同或不同的R33和R34独立地是氢原子、线形或支化C1-C4烷基;可以相同或不同的R36和R38独立地是氢原子、线形或支化C1-C18烷基、羧基、羟基、C1-C18烷氧基、氨基或卤原子。
适用于上述单偶氮配合物染料的阳离子是H+;碱金属的阳离子、铵阳离子、有机胺(包括伯胺、仲胺和叔胺)的阳离子和季铵离子。
适用于形成上述单偶氮染料和染料中常用的胺包括脂族胺、脂环族胺、烷氧基烷基胺、带链烷醇的胺、二胺、胍衍生物的胺和芳族胺。
具有式[V]形式、其中B1和B2具有式[V-a]的单偶氮配合物染料的实例以下式[V-c]和表4中的信息示出。
式[V-c]:
表4
产品实例号 | R30 | R31 | R35 | R36 | M2 | L3 | L4 | m2 | K2(D)+ |
V-1 | H | H | H | H | Cr | COO | COO | 1 | H+ |
V-2 | Cl | Cl | SO2NH2 | H | Cr | O | O | 1 | H+ |
V-3 | SO2NH2 | SO2NH2 | SO2NH2 | H | Cr | O | O | 1 | H+ |
V-4 | Cl | Cl | SO2NH2 | H | Co | O | O | 1 | H+ |
V-5 | SO2NH2 | SO2NH2 | H | H | Ni | O | O | 1 | H+ |
V-6 | H | H | SO2NH2 | H | Cu | COO | COO | 1 | H+ |
V-7 | H | H | H | H | Cr | COO | COO | 1 | C4H9CH(C2H5)OC3H6N+H3 |
V-8 | Cl | C1 | SO2NH2 | H | Cu | O | O | 1 | C12H25N+H2(CH2CH2O)2H |
V-9 | Cl | Cl | SO2NH2 | H | Cr | O | O | 1 | Na+ |
V-10 | Cl | SO2NH2 | H | Cl | Co | O | O | 1 | H+ |
具有式[V]形式、其中B1和B2具有式[V-b]的单偶氮配合物染料以下式[V-d]和表5中的信息示出。
式[V-d]
表5
产品实例号 | R30 | R31 | R35 | R36 | M2 | L3 | L4 | m2 | K2(D)+ |
V-11 | SO2NH2 | SO2NH2 | H | H | Co | O | O | 1 | H+ |
V-12 | H | H | SO2NH2 | H | Cr | COO | COO | 1 | H+ |
V-13 | Cl | Cl | H | H | Co | O | O | 1 | C4H9CH(C2H5)OC3H6N+H |
V-14 | SO2NH2 | SO2NH2 | SO2NH2 | H | Cr | O | O | 1 | NH4 + |
V-15 | Cl | Cl | SO2NH2 | H | Co | COO | COO | 1 | H+ |
含式[I]或式[II]的染料盐与至少一种下式[V]的单偶氮配合物染料的混合物的黑染料的实例详述如下:
实例18-黑染料
式[II-2]的蒽醌染料盐∶下式[V-2]的单偶氮配合物红染料∶下式[V-14]的单偶氮配合物黄染料之重量比为6∶2∶1。
实例19-黑染料
式[I-21]的蒽醌染料盐∶下式[V-2]的单偶氮配合物红染料∶下式[V-3]的单偶氮配合物橙染料之重量比为6∶2∶1。
实例20-黑染料
式[I-26]的蒽醌染料盐∶下式[V-2]的单偶氮配合物红染料∶下式[V-3]的单偶氮配合物橙染料之重量比为6∶2∶1。
实例21-黑染料
式[I-7]的蒽醌染料盐∶下式[V-2]的单偶氮配合物红染料∶下式[a]的蒽醌黄染料之重量比为6∶2∶1。
实例22-黑染料
式[I-5]的蒽醌染料盐∶下式[V-2]的单偶氮配合物红染料∶下式[b]的蒽醌黄染料之重量比为6∶3∶1。
属蒽吡啶酮染料的染料能与式[I]或式[II]的染料盐混合成一种宜作本发明组合物中着色剂的黑染料,并由式[VI]表示,
式[VI]:
其中,可以相同或不同的R67-R71独立地选自下列一组:H、烷基、芳基、链烯基、烷氧基、氨基、羟基、卤原子、酰基、酰氧基、酰胺、酰基-N-烷基酰胺、羧基、烷氧基羰基、环己酰胺、磺酰基、或式[VI-a],以及R67-R74中至少一个是磺酰基,其中可以相同或不同的P3独立地选自下列一组:C-R72,N;R72是H、烷基、芳基、羟基、羧基、烷氧基、氨基、苯甲酰基、苄基,其中(G)s+代表铵离子或一个衍生自一种有机胺化合物或一种碱性染料的阳离子;其中s为1或2,m5为一个1-4的整数以及K5是比值m5/s;
式[VI-a]:
式中P4是O或NH,以及可以相同或不同的R73-R75独立地选自下列一组:H、烷基、芳基、链烯基、烷氧基、氨基、N-烷基酰胺、N-芳基酰胺、羟基、卤原子、酰基、酰氧基、酰胺、酰基-N-烷基酰胺、羧基、烷氧基羰基或磺酰基。
适用于生成染料中上述蒽吡啶酮染料的胺包括脂肪族胺、脂环族胺、烷氧基烷基胺、带链烷醇的胺、二胺、胍衍生物的胺和芳族胺。
认为这类蒽吡啶酮染料在树脂中具有良好的溶解性和/或分散性。
式[VI]的蒽吡啶酮染料的实例如下表6所示。
表6
产品实例号 | R67,R68,R69,R70,R71 | P3 | K5(G)∑+ |
VI-1 | R68=R69=R71=H,R67=CH3,R70=VI-a,式VI-a:P4=NH,R73=SO3 -,R74=R75=H | CH | H3N+(CH2)6NH2 |
VI-2 | R68=R69=R71=H,R67=CH3,R70=VI-a,式VI-a:P4=NH,R73=SO3 -,R74=R75=H | CH | (CH3)3N+C12H25 |
VI-3 | R68=R69=R71=H,R67=CH3,R70=VI-a,式VI-a:P4=NH,R73=SO3 -,R74=R75=H | CH | C2H5OC3H6N+H3 |
VI-4 | R68=R69=R71=H,R67=CH3,R70=VI-a,式VI-a:P4=NH,R73=SO3 -,R74=CH3,R75=H | CH | C4H9N+H3 |
VI-5 | R68=R69=R71=H,R67=CH3,R70=VI-a,式VI-a:P4=NH,R73=SO3 -,R74=CH3,R75=H | CH | N-三甲基-N-苄基铵 |
VI-6 | R68=R69=R71=H,R67=CH3,R70=VI-a,式VI-a:P4=NH,R73=R74=SO3 -,R75=H | CH | 2(CH3)4N+ |
VI-7 | R68=R69=R71=H,R67=CH3,R70=VI-a,式VI-a:P4=NH,R73=SO3 -,R74=C4H9,R75=H | CH | C12H25N+H2(CH2CH2O)2H |
VI-8 | R68=R69=R71=H,R67=CH3,R70=VI-a,式VI-a:P4=NH,R73=SO3 -,R74=Cl,R75=H, | CH | N-三甲基-N-苄基铵 |
VI-9 | R68=R69=R71=H,R67=CH3,R70=VI-a,式VI-a:P4=NH,R73=SO3 -,R74=CH3,R75=H | N | C2H5OC3H6N+H3 |
VI-10 | R68=R69=R71=H,R67=CH3,R70=VI-a,式VI-a:P4=NH,R73=SO3 -,R74=C8H17,R75=H, | N | C12H25N+H3 |
VI-11 | R68=R69=R71=H,R67=H,R70=VI-a,式VI-a:P4=NH,R73=SO3 -,R74=R75=CH3 | C-C4H9 | 二(对-甲基苯基)胍铵 |
VI-12 | R67=R69=R71=H,R68=VI-a-1,R70=VI-a-2,式VI-a-1:P4=O,R73=SO3 -,R74=C13H27 R75=H,式VI-a-2:P4=NH,R73=SO3 -,R74=R75=CH3 | C-苯甲酰基 | (CH3)3N+C12H25 |
VI-13 | R67=R69=R71=H,R68=VI-a-1,R70=VI-a-2,式VI-a-1:P4=O,R73=SO3 -,R74=CH3,R75=H,式VI-a-2:P4=NH,R73=SO3 -,R74=R75=CH3 | C-苯甲酰基 | N-三甲基-N-苄基铵 |
VI-14 | R68=R69=R71=H,R67=CH3,R70=VI-a,式VI-a:P4=O,R73=SO3 -,R74=R75=H | C-苯甲酰基 | C4H9N+ |
VI-15 | R68=R69=R71=H,R67=CH3,R70=VI-a,式VI-a:P4=NH,R73=SO3 -,R74=R75=H | CH | N-三甲基-N-苄基铵 |
VI-16 | R68=R69=R71=H,R67=CH3,R70=VI-a,式VI-a:P4=NH,R73=SO3 -,R74=CH3,R75=H | CH | H3N+(CH2)6NH2 |
VI-17 | R68=R69=R71=H,R67=CH3,R70=VI-a,式VI-a:P4=NH,R73=SO3 -,R74=C8H17,R75=H | N | 二苯基胍铵 |
含式[I]或式[II]的染料盐和至少一种下式[VI]的蒽吡啶酮的混合物的黑染料的实例如下所述:
实例23-黑染料
式[I-5]的蒽醌染料盐∶下式[VI-2]的蒽吡啶酮红染料∶下式[V-14]的单偶氮配合物黄染料之重量比为6∶2∶1。
实例24-黑染料
式[I-6]的蒽醌染料盐∶下式[VI-1]的蒽吡啶酮红染料之重量比为2∶1。
实例25-黑染料
式[I-7]的蒽醌染料盐∶下式[VI-18]的蒽吡啶酮红染料之重量比为2∶1。
实例26-黑染料
式[I-5]的蒽醌染料盐∶下式[VI-9]的蒽吡啶酮红染料∶下式[b]的蒽醌黄染料之重量比为6∶2∶1。
实例27-黑染料
式[I-5]的蒽醌染料盐∶下式[VI-9]的蒽吡啶酮红染料之重量比为3∶1。
实例28-黑染料
式[I-4]的蒽醌染料盐∶下式[I-11]的蒽醌染料盐∶式[VI-2]的蒽吡啶酮红染料之重量比为5∶5∶1。
实例29-黑染料
式[I-29]的蒽醌染料盐∶下式[VI-15]的蒽吡啶酮红染料之重量比为4∶1。
实例30-黑染料
式[I-3]的蒽醌染料盐∶下式[VI-4]的蒽吡啶酮红染料∶下式[a]的蒽醌黄染料的重量之比为5∶2∶1。
除已经提到的黑染料实例之外,还可用下述混合物形成黑染料。
实例31-黑染料
式[I-2]的蒽醌染料盐∶下式[a]的蒽醌黄染料之重量比为6∶1。
适用于本发明组合物的热塑性树脂包括制造模塑产品中常用的聚酰胺、聚酯等。作为本发明中所用聚酰胺树脂的实例,可提及的有二羧酸与二元胺的缩聚产物、氨基羧酸的缩聚产物和环内酰胺的开环聚合产物。作为二羧酸的实例,可提及的有己二酸、壬二酸、癸二酸、十二烷双酸、间苯二甲酸和对苯二甲酸。作为二元胺的实例,可提及的有丁二胺、己二胺、辛二胺、壬二胺、十二烷二胺、2-甲基戊二胺、2-甲基辛二胺、三甲基己二胺、二(对-氨基环己基)甲烷、间-二甲苯二胺、和对-二甲苯二胺。作为氨基羧酸的实例,可提及的有11-氨基十二烷酸。作为环内酰胺的实例,可提及的有己内酰胺和月桂内酰胺。作为缩聚产物和开环聚合产物的具体实例,可提及的有脂族聚酰胺,如尼龙6、尼龙66、尼龙46、尼龙610、尼龙612、尼龙11、尼龙12;半-芳族聚酰胺,如聚间二甲苯己内酰胺(尼龙MXD6)、聚对苯二甲酸己二酰胺(尼龙6T)、聚间苯二甲酸己二酰胺(尼龙6I)和聚对苯二甲酸壬二酰胺(尼龙9T),以及这些聚合物的共聚物和混合物。作为共聚物可提及的有尼龙6/66,尼龙66/6I,尼龙6I/6T,尼龙66/6T。
在本发明的实践中,宜与着色剂共混的很多常用聚酯模塑组合物是本领域所共知的。它们包括一般为二羧酸与二元醇缩聚产物的聚合物。二羧酸可选自下列一组:己二酸、壬二酸、癸二酸、十二烷双酸、对苯二甲酸、间苯二甲酸、萘二羧酸和二苯基二羧酸;以及二元醇可选自下列一组:乙二醇、丙二醇、丁二醇、己二醇、新戊二醇、环己二醇和双酚A。优选的聚酯包括聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)、聚对苯二甲酸丙二酯(PGT)、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯(PBT)、聚2,6-萘二羧酸乙二酯(PEN)、聚对苯二甲酸环己烷二甲酯(PCT)和它们的共聚物和共混物。作为共聚物的实例,可以在这些缩聚产物中加入某些二羧酸或某些二元醇。聚酯聚合物可以与少量有3个以上官能度的1,3,5-苯三酸、偏苯三酸、1,2,4,5-均苯四酸、甘油和季戊四醇等共聚。
也可以存在另一些其它聚合物如聚碳酸酯,只要不会明显改变本发明组合物的基本特性即可。
当组合物至少包含聚酰胺6作为聚酰胺树脂组合物主要组分时,式[I]或式[II]的蒽醌染料的胺盐的存在量为0.01-1重量%。式[I]或式[II]的蒽醌染料的胺盐可以为要求不同激光焊接性能的应用规范化。
本发明的组合物可含有一种无机填料或增强剂,包括,例如,纤维增强剂,如玻璃纤维、玻璃箔、玻璃珠、滑石粉、高岭土、硅灰石、二氧化硅、碳酸钙、钛酸钾和云母。优选玻璃纤维与玻璃箔。适用于本发明的玻璃纤维是通常用作热塑性树脂和热固性树脂增强剂的那些。在本发明的树脂组合物中,玻璃纤维的优选量是,每100重量份热塑性树脂配合约5-约120重量份玻璃纤维。如果低于5重量%,则难以从玻璃纤维获得足够的增强效果,而如果超过120重量%,则加工性不好且对激光的透明性差。优选约5-100重量%,尤其优选约15-约85重量%。
正如本领域的技术人员所理解,在本发明的组合物中可加入一种或多种选自一大类为树脂组合物不同应用所特意加入的化合物。
一般而言,添加剂化合物可包括阻燃剂、冲击改性剂、粘度改性剂、耐热改性剂、润滑剂、抗氧剂和紫外光和其它稳定剂。本发明的聚酰胺树脂组合物可含有适量从而不会损害组合物特性的这类添加剂化合物。
在本发明中,提供适合于激光焊接的热塑性树脂组合物,包括对激光束透明的制品,以将其与用来吸收激光束的不透明制品焊接在一起。适用的不透明制品及其组合物在,例如,DE-A-4432081中已有所述。
图1是一种传统激光焊接装置的示意图。激光束1透过第一制品2到达含激光束吸收组合物的第二制品3,以及已吸收激光能量1的第二制品3的表面4熔化并与第一制品2的表面压在一起以将它们焊接在一起。如图2所示,第一制品5和第二制品6在表面8处连接。激光束1施在第一制品5的表面7。两个热塑性部件必须具有不同的透射系数与吸收系数,而两个相同颜色的制品难以焊接在一起。
实施例
下面用实施例与对比实施例来说明本发明,但应认识到本发明决不限于这些实施例。这些实施例中部分目标是由实施例组合物形成的激光透射制品与由其它组合物形成的激光吸收制品的组合的实际激光可焊性。实例包括尼龙6(见表10和13),66(见表14)和聚酯(见表15)。为用于要激光焊接的模塑制品,其它必要性能,包括激光透射能力在内,示于其它表中。
例如,实施例A;B,C,J,K,M和对比实施例D,E,F,L,N的目标是制品的透射率。
实施例A
将400g尼龙6ZYTEL颗粒(购自杜邦公司,商品名为ZYTEL7301)在120℃真空中烘8小时以上,然后在一个不锈钢转鼓混合机内与式[I-21]的蒽醌染料的胺盐(0.53g)、由式[IV-3]代表的迫位酮红染料(0.18g)和由式[a]代表的蒽醌黄染料(0.09g)的混合物搅拌混合1小时。然后用Kawaguchi Steel K.K.生产的K50-C,以定在250℃的料筒温度,将该混合物注塑成型为注塑试样(其尺寸为48mm×86mm×3mm)。模具温度为60℃。观察到试样有良好和均匀黑色外观与表面光泽,而未褪色。
实施例B
将400g尼龙6ZYTEL颗粒(购自杜邦公司,商品名为ZYTEL7301)在120℃真空中烘8小时以上,然后在一个不锈钢转鼓混合机内与式[I-21]蒽醌染料的胺盐(0.53g)、由下式[V-2]代表的单偶氮配合物红染料(0.18g)及另一种由下式[V-3]代表的单偶氮配合物橙染料(0.09g)的混合物搅拌混合1小时。然后用Kawa guchi Steel K.K.生产的K50-C,以
定在250℃的料筒温度,将该混合物注塑成型以形成注塑试样(其尺寸为48mm×86mm×3mm)。模具温度为60℃。观察到试样有良好和均匀黑色外观与表面光泽,而未褪色。
实施例C
将400g尼龙6ZYTEL颗粒(购自杜邦公司,商品名为ZYTEL7301)在120℃真空中烘8小时以上,然后在一个不锈钢转鼓混合机内与式[I-6]的蒽醌染料的胺盐(0.53g)、由式[IV-3]代表的迫位酮红染料(0.18g)及由式[a]代表的蒽醌黄染料(0.09g)的混合物搅拌混合1小时。然后用Kawaguchi Steel K.K.生产的K50-C,以定在250℃的料筒温度,将该混合物注塑成型为注塑试样(其尺寸为48mm×86mm×3mm)。模具温度为60℃。观察到试样有良好和均匀黑色外观与表面光泽,而未褪色。
对比实施例D
将400g尼龙6ZYTEL颗粒(购自杜邦公司,商品名为ZYTEL7301)在120℃真空中烘8小时以上,然后在一个不锈钢转鼓混合机内与下式[c]的蒽醌绿染料(0.53g)、由式[IV-3]代表的迫位酮红染料(0.18g)及由式[a]代表的蒽醌黄染料(0.09g)的混合物搅拌混合1小时。然后用Kawaguchi Steel K.K.生产的K50-C,以定在250℃的料筒温度,将混合物注塑成型为注塑试样(其尺寸为48mm×86mm×3mm)。模具温度为60℃。观察到试样有良好和均匀黑色外观与表面光泽,而未褪色。
式[c]:
对比实施例E
将400g尼龙6ZYTEL颗粒(购自杜邦公司,商品名为ZYTEL7301)在120℃真空中烘8小时以上,然后在一个不锈钢转鼓混合机内与式[d]的蒽醌紫染料(0.53g)、由式[IV-3]代表的迫位酮红染料(0.18g)及由式[a]代表的蒽醌黄染料(0.09g)的混合物搅拌混合1小时。然后用Kawaguchi Steel K.K.生产的]K50-C,以定在250℃的料筒温度,将该混合物注塑成型为注塑试样(其尺寸为48mm×86mm×3mm)。模具温度为60℃。观察到试样有良好和均匀黑色外观与表面光泽,而未褪色。
式[d]:
对比实施例F
将400g尼龙6ZYTEL颗粒(购自杜邦公司,商品名为ZYTEL7301)在120℃真空中烘8小时以上,然后在一个不锈钢转鼓混合机内与下式[e]代表的单偶氮配合物黑染料(0.80g)搅拌混合1小时。然后用Kawaguchi Steel K.K.生产的K50-C,以定在250℃的料筒温度,将该混合物注塑成型为注塑试样(其尺寸为48mm×86mm×3mm)。模具温度为60℃。观察到试样有良好和均匀黑色外观与表面光泽,而未褪色。
式[e]:
试验方法
(1)透射性
用Hitachi生产的带适用于从紫外至近红外的60φ球式分光计的U-3410分光光度计,以波长分别为940nm(半导体激光)和1064nm(YAG激光)的激光束,测定试片在400nm-1200nm范围内的透射率(T)。确定940nm的透射率:1064nm的透射率之比(TA)和940nm的透射率:天然树脂的透射率之比(TB),并在不同实施例之间进行比较。
(2)外观和表面光泽
评价试片外观的方法是,用Macbeth生产的反射密度计TR-927测定试片的反射密度(OD)。试片的OD值越高,说明有较好的表面光洁度且富有光泽。
(3)耐光性
将每个试片按下述条件在氙光老化仪(Toyo Seiki K.K.生产,商品名:AtlasCI-4000)中暴露150小时。用比色计(Juki生产,商品名:JP7000)确定光辐照“前”、“后”的褪色量ΔE。
耐光试验条件
辐射照度(W/m2)(E) 60
黑体标准温度(℃) 83
淋雨试验 未进行
室内温度(℃) 55
湿度(%) 50
试片的ΔE越高,则表明褪色越严重。
(4)耐热性
用比色计(Juki生产,商品名:JP7000)测定每个试片放置并保持在160℃烘箱内15天“前”、“后”的褪色量ΔE。
(5)耐湿性
用比色计(Juki生产,商品名:JP7000)测定每个试片放置并保持在80℃(湿度95%)调温箱内7天“前”、“后”的褪色量ΔE。
(6)TG(热重分析仪)/DTA(差热分析仪)
用TG/DTA分析仪(Seiko Instrument生产,商品名:SII EXSTAR6000)在加热炉内测定每种试验着色剂粉末的TG和DTA:加热炉内输入200ml/min的空气,从30-55℃起,以10℃/min的速率升温,当达到550℃时,保持28min。
(7)在有机溶剂中的抗溶解性
用比色计(Juki生产,商品名:JP7000)测定各试片浸在乙二醇中且经密封然后在40℃控温箱内保持48小时“前”、“后”的褪色量ΔE。
试片的ΔE越高,则表明其褪色越严重。
结果列于下表7中。
表7
实施例A | 实施例B | 实施例C | 对比实施例D | 对比实施例E | 对比实施例F | |||
透射率 | TA | 0.96 | 0.95 | 0.95 | 0.98 | 0.83 | 0.72 | |
TB | 1.00 | 1.02 | 1.02 | 0.98 | 0.78 | 0.71 | ||
OD | 2.47 | 2.49 | 2.45 | 2.51 | 2.49 | 2.43 | ||
耐光性ΔE | 1.12 | 0.98 | 1.18 | 1.08 | 1.05 | 0.89 | ||
耐热性ΔE | 0.61 | 0.64 | 0.62 | 1.29 | 1.12 | 0.35 | ||
耐溶解性ΔE | 试片 | 0.34 | 0.47 | 0.40 | 0.93 | 0.81 | 0.28 | |
溶剂 | 0.61 | 0.08 | 0.65 | 1.59 | 1.06 | 0.32 | ||
耐湿性ΔE | 0.16 | 0.17 | 0.09 | 1.53 | 0.71 | 0.24 | ||
TG/DTA放热峰(℃)吸热峰(℃) | 246.5,506.2/无 | 346.9/无 | 315.1/无 | 378.6/181.1 | 无/193.7 | 无/293.7 |
该试验表明,与含单偶氮配合物染料的对比实施例F相比,实施例A-C对红外区内主波长(800nm-1200nm)的透射率与天然色树脂的同样高。在实施例A-C中,外观、表面光泽和耐光性均未衰减。在实施例A-C中,热暴露后无褪色现象,而且耐热性、耐溶解性和耐湿性均比含中性蒽醌的对比实施例D和E的好得多。在试验着色粉末实施例A-C时,在200-300℃范围内未发现放热峰,且在模塑期间并未因加入着色剂而对热塑性树脂有不良影响。
(8)耐起霜性
将如实施例A和对比实施例D所得的模塑板在温度定为60℃、相对湿度定为95%的烘箱内放置1周。然后用白棉布擦拭试片,目测棉布的颜色变化。结果示于表8。
表8
实施例A | 对比实施例D | |
棉布外观 | 无变化 | 变成深绿色 |
实施例G
将14kg尼龙6 Zytel颗粒(购自杜邦公司,商品名为ZYTEL7301)、8.8g CuI、100g二硬脂酸铝和6kg纤维玻璃(TP57,购自Nippon Sheet Glass公司)在双螺杆挤出机(W&P的ZSK-40)上混合并挤出。
将所得到的5kg颗粒在温度定为80℃的去湿干燥器内放置4小时以上,然后与10g下列组分的染料混合物混合:式[I-21]的蒽醌染料的胺盐(6.6g)、实施例A中所用的式[I-3]的迫位酮红染料(2.3g)和实施例A中所用的式[a]的蒽醌黄染料(1.1g)。
然后在Toshiba IS 170FIII模塑机上,按照ISO3167,将上述干混颗粒模塑成试片,料筒温度定在260℃,模具温度为80℃,并在Sumitomo 75T模塑机上模塑成型60mm×18mm×1.5mm的试片,料筒温度定在260℃,模具温度为80℃。
对比实施例H
将14kg尼龙6 Zytel颗粒(购自杜邦公司,商品名为ZYTEL7301)、8.8g CuI、100g二硬脂酸铝和6kg纤维玻璃(TP57,购自Nippon Sheet Glass公司)在双螺杆挤出机(W&P的ZSK-40)上混合并挤出。
将所得到的5kg颗粒在温度定为80℃的去湿干燥器内放置4小时以上,然后与28g尼格染料混合。
然后在Toshiba IS 170FIII模塑机上,按照ISO3167,将上述干混颗粒模塑成试片,料筒温度定为260℃,模具温度为80℃,并在Sumitomo75T模塑机上模塑成型60mm×18mm×1.5mm的试片,料筒温度定在260℃,模具温度为80℃。
对比实施例I
将14kg尼龙6 Zytel颗粒(购自杜邦公司,商品名为ZYTEL7301)、8.8g CuI、100g二硬脂酸铝和6kg纤维玻璃(TP57,购自Nippon Sheet Glass公司)在双螺杆挤出机(W&P的ZSK-40)上混合并挤出。
将所得到的5kg颗粒在温度定为80℃的去湿干燥器内放置4小时以上,然后与5g炭黑和28g尼格染料混合。
然后在Toshiba IS 170FIII模塑机上,按照ISO3167,将上述干混颗粒模塑成试片,料筒温度定在260℃,模具温度为80℃,并在Sumitomo75T模塑机上模塑60mm×18mm×1.5mm的试片,料筒温度定在260℃,模具温度为80℃。
(9)拉伸性能和热老化
模塑后以及经150℃老化1000小时后,按ISO527测定拉伸强度和伸长率,结果示于表9。同时也观察试片外观。
表9
实施例G | 对比实施例H | 对比实施例I | ||
模塑后 | 拉伸强度(MPa) | 183 | 171 | 190 |
伸长率(%) | 3.6 | 3.4 | 3.8 | |
老化后 | 拉伸强度(MPa) | 191 | 181 | 155 |
伸长率(%) | 3.1 | 3.2 | 2.1 | |
外观 | 黑 | 深褐 | 黑 |
(10)激光焊接试验
将60mm×18mm×1.5mm试片搭接20mm。用功率为4W、直径为3mm的二极管激光(SDL-FD25,820nm连续)辐照搭接区10秒钟。(见图3&4)。见示意试验中所用上试片9和下试片10的图3和4。激光11聚焦在区12,从而使试片9和10焊接在一起。图3-6表示激光焊接试验的准备和怎样进行激光焊接试验。
表10
上试片下试片 | 实施例G对比实施例I | 对比实施例H对比实施例I |
焊接结果 | 粘合良好 | 不能粘合 |
对上述试验的变更示意在图5和图6中。每个上试片9和下试片10都有一个长20mm的缺口13。当试片9和10如上所述受激光11辐照连接在一起时,就形成一个光滑表面。
实施例G在与一个用来吸收激光束的含炭黑热塑性树脂不透明工件的激光焊接中粘合良好。甚至加入了着色剂,模塑后并经老化后,未见力学性能降低,且热塑性树脂的外观也无变化。
实施例J
将400g尼龙66ZYTEL101颗粒(购自杜邦公司)在120℃真空中烘8小时以上,然后在一个不锈钢转鼓混合机内与式[I-21]的蒽醌染料的胺盐(0.53g)、式[IV-3]代表的迫位酮红染料(0.18g)和式[a]代表的蒽醌黄染料(0.09g)的混合物搅拌混合1小时。然后用KawaguchiSteel K.K.生产的K50-C,以定在290℃的料筒温度,将该混合物注塑成型为注塑试样(其尺寸为48mm×86mm×3mm)。模具温度为60℃。观察到试样有良好和均匀黑色外观与表面光泽,而未褪色。
实施例K
将400g尼龙66ZYTEL101颗粒(购自杜邦公司)在120℃真空中烘8小时以上,然后在一个不锈钢转鼓混合机内与式[II-8]的蒽醌染料的胺盐(0.53g)、式[IV-3]代表的迫位酮红染料(0.18g)和式[a]代表的蒽醌黄染料(0.09g)的混合物搅拌混合1小时。然后用KawaguchiSteel K.K.生产的K50-C,以定在290℃的料筒温度,将该混合物注塑成型为注塑试样(其尺寸为48mm×86mm×3mm)。模具温度为60℃。观察到试样有良好和均匀黑色外观与表面光泽,而未褪色。
对比实施例L
将400g尼龙66ZYTEL101颗粒(购自杜邦公司)在120℃真空中烘8小时以上,然后在一个不锈钢转鼓混合机内与下式[d]的蒽醌紫染料(0.68g)和式[f]代表的醌型phthalone黄染料(0.12g)的混合物搅拌混合1小时。然后用Kawaguchi Steel K.K.生产的K50-C,以定在290℃的料筒温度,将该混合物注塑成型为注塑试样(其尺寸为48mm×86mm×3mm)。模具温度为60℃。观察到试样有良好和均匀黑色外观与表面光泽,而未褪色。
式[f]:
表11
实施例J | 实施例K | 对比实施例L | ||
透射率 | TA | 0.94 | 0.94 | 0.93 |
TB | 0.95 | 0.96 | 0.91 | |
OD | 2.40 | 2.41 | 2.32 | |
耐热性ΔE | 0.51 | 0.47 | 1.30 | |
耐湿性ΔE | 0.14 | 0.36 | 1.02 | |
TG/DTA放热峰(℃)/吸热峰(℃) | 346.5,506.2/无 | 346.9/无 | 320.9/179.5 |
试验表明,实施例J和K对红外区(800nm-1200nm)主波长有高的透射率和良好的表面光泽。在耐热与耐湿性方面,实施例J和K比含中性蒽醌的对比实施例L好得多。
实施例M
将400g玻璃纤维增强聚酯颗粒(从对苯二甲酸和乙二醇制备,以其在重量比为1∶1的苯酚/二氯代苯混合溶剂中1%的溶液在25℃测定时,特性粘数为0.85,含聚酯树脂组合物总重量30重量%的NipponElectric Glass公司制造的短切玻璃纤维187H)在120℃真空中烘8小时以上,然后在一个不锈钢转鼓混合机内与式[I-11]的蒽醌染料的胺盐(0.50g)、式[I-14]代表的蒽醌染料的胺盐(0.40g)和式[VI-2]代表的蒽吡啶酮染料的胺盐(0.10g)的混合物搅拌混合1小时。然后用Kawaguchi Steel K.K.生产的K 50-C,以定在290℃的料筒温度,将该混合物注塑成型为注塑试样(其尺寸为48mm×86mm×3mm)。模具温度为60℃。观察到试样有良好和均匀黑色外观与表面光泽,而未褪色。见表12。
对比实施例N
将400g实施例M中的玻璃纤维增强聚酯颗粒在120℃真空中烘8小时以上,然后在一个不锈钢转鼓混合机中与下式[d]的蒽醌紫染料(0.68g)和式[f]代表的醌型phthalone黄染料(0.12g)的混合物搅拌混合1小时。然后用Kawaguchi Steel K.K.生产的K50-C,以定在290℃的料筒温度,将该混合物注塑成型为注塑试样(其尺寸为48mm×86mm×3mm)。模具温度为60℃。观察到试样有良好和均匀黑色外观与表面光泽,而未褪色。见表12。
表12
实施例M | 对比实施例N | ||
透射率 | TA | 0.92 | 0.92 |
TB | 0.85 | O.89 | |
OD | 1.90 | 1.86 | |
耐湿性ΔE | O.61 | 3.58 | |
TG/DTA放热峰(℃)/吸热峰(℃) | 337.0/无 | 320.9/179.5 |
试验表明,实施例M的耐湿性比含中性蒽醌的对比实施例N的好得多。如果在高湿气氛中用对比实施例N之类的着色树脂组合物,则很可能会褪色。
实施例O-实施例R,对比实施例S-T
将玻璃纤维增强尼龙6(Zytel73G30L,购自杜邦公司)与染料按表13所示之量进行干混。将共混料模塑成两类试片:一类用来测力学性能,另一类用来激光焊接。测力学性能用的试片在Toshiba IS170FIII注塑机上按ISO3167模塑成型,料筒温度定在260℃,模具温度为80℃。激光焊接用的试片尺寸如图5所示,在Sumitomo Juki75T注塑机上模塑成型,料筒温度定为250℃,模具温度为60℃。
拉伸强度和伸长率按ISO527测定,缺口冲击强度按ISO179测定。
用2块上述试片结合图6的描述进行激光焊接。用实施例O-R和对比实施例S作为上试片以及对比实施例T作为下试片。用各种不同功率和速度、直径为3mm的二极管激光(波长94Onm,Rofin-SinarLaser GmbH制造)进行辐照。焊接试片的拉伸强度在Autograph(Shimazu Seisakusho制造)上以5mm/min的速率将两试片拉开进行测定,并记录最大载荷。
表13
实施例O | 实施例P | 实施例Q | 实施例R | 对比实施例S | 对比实施例T | |
73G 30L kg蒽醌染料的胺盐[I-21]蒽醌染料的胺盐[I-23]蒽醌染料的胺盐[I-13]单偶氮配合物红染料[V-2]单偶氮配合物橙染料[V-3]迫位酮红染料[IV-3]黄染料[a]炭黑 | 4.99255.00g1.67g0.83g | 4.99255.00g1.67g0.83g | 4.99255.00g2.50g | 1.99255.63g1.88g | 5 | 4.9910g |
拉伸强度 MPa伸长率 %缺口冲击强度 kJ/m2 | 1753.812.2 | 1703.712.4 | 1763.912.4 | 1743.812.4 | 1793.513.4 | 1853.412.2 |
激光焊接,50W2.5m/min kgf5m/min kgf10m/min kgf | 19519499 | 19318699 | 197182132 | 199189- | 203182134 | --- |
实施例U-实施例Z,对比实施例AA-AB
将玻璃纤维增强尼龙66(Zytel70G33HS1L,购自杜邦公司)与染料按表13所示之量进行干混。将共混料模塑成两类试片:一类用来测力学性能,另一类用来激光焊接。测力学性能用的试片在Toshiba IS170FIII注塑机上按ISO3167模塑成型,料筒温度定为280℃,模具温度为80℃。激光焊接用的试片尺寸如图5所示,在Sumitomo Juki75T注塑机上模塑成型,料筒温度定为270℃,模具温度为80℃。
拉伸强度和伸长率按ISO 527测定,缺口冲击强度按ISO179测定。
用2块上述试片,结合图6的描述进行激光焊接。用实施例U-Z和对比实施例AA作为上试片以及对比实施例AB作为下试片。用各种不同功率和速度、直径为3mm的二极管激光(波长940nm,Rofin-SinarLaser GmbH制造)进行辐照。焊接试片的拉伸强度在Autograph(Shimazu Seisakusho制造)上以5mm/min的速率将两试片拉开进行测试,并记录最大载荷。
表14
实施例U | 实施例V | 实施例W | 实施例X | 实施例Y | 实施例Z | 对比实施例AA | 对比实施例AB | |
70G33HS1L kg蒽醌染料的胺盐[I-21]蒽醌染料的胺盐[I-23]蒽醌染料的胺盐[I-13]蒽醌染料的胺盐[II-8]蒽醌染料的胺盐[II-7]单偶氮配合物红染料[V-2]单偶氮配合物橙染料[V-3]迫位酮红染料[IV-3]黄染料[a]炭黑 | 4.99255.00g1.67g0.83g | 4.99255.00g1.67g0.83g | 4.99255.00g2.50g | 4.99255.63g1.88g | 4.99255.00g1.67g0.83g | 4.99255.00g1.67g0.83g | 5 | 4.9910g |
拉伸强度 MPa伸长率 %缺口冲击强度 kJ/m2 | 1983.512.7 | 2033.312.4 | 1973.412.8 | 1973.512.6 | 1973.512.7 | 1943.412.5 | 2063.612.8 | 2073.211.9 |
激光焊接,80W2.5m/min kgf5m/min kgf10m/min kgf | 82180182 | 57193113 | 96184185 | 86181167 | 20419289 | 177196- | 95184172 | --- |
实施例AC,对比实施例AD-AE
将实施例M的玻璃纤维增强聚酯与染料按表14所示之量进行干混。将共混料模塑成两类试片:一类用来测力学性能,另一类用来激光焊接。测力学性能用的试片在Toshiba IS 170FIII注塑机上按ISO3167模塑成型,料筒温度定为280℃,模具温度为60℃。激光焊接用的试片尺寸如图5所示,在Sumitomo Juki75T注塑机上模塑成型,料筒温度定为280℃,模具温度为60℃。
拉伸强度和伸长率按ISO 527测定,缺口冲击强度按ISO179测定。
用2块上述试片,结合图6的描述进行激光焊接。用实施例AC和对比实施例AD作为上试片以及对比实施例AE作为下试片。用各种不同功率和速度、直径为3mm的二极管激光(波长940nm,Rofin-SinarLaser GmbH制造)进行辐照。焊接试片的拉伸强度在Autograph(Shimazu Seisakusho制造)上以5mm/min的速率将两试片拉开进行测试,并记录最大载荷。
表15
实施例AC | 对比实施例AD | 对比实施例AE | |
聚酯颗粒 kg蒽醌染料的胺盐[I-11]蒽醌染料的胺盐[I-14]蒽醌染料的胺盐[VI-2]炭黑 | 5.06.255.01.25 | 5.0 | 5.022.5 |
拉伸强度 MPa伸长率%缺口冲击强度 KJ/m2 | 1393.711 | 1403.211 | 1383.411 |
激光焊接, 50W5m/min Kgf | 149 | 145 | - |
实施例AC与实施例M的组合物相同
对比实施例AD含实施例M或N中所用的中性着色玻璃纤维增强聚酯
对比实施例AE通过在中性着色聚酯中加入炭黑而包含实施例M或N中所用的着黑色的玻璃纤维增强聚酯综上所述,本发明提供的其中一部分技术方案如下:
1.一种用于激光焊接的热塑性树脂组合物,它包含
1)热塑性树脂;和
2)包含式[I]或式[II]的蒽醌染料的胺盐的激光透射黑着色剂,
其中式[I]为:
其中,可以相同或不同的R1-R8独立地选自下列一组:H、烷基、芳基、链烯基、烷氧基、氨基、羟基、卤原子、酰基、酰氧基、酰胺、酰基-N-烷基酰胺、羧基、烷氧基羰基、环己酰胺、磺酰基、式[I-a]或-Y-W,以及R1-R8中至少一个是式[I-a];其中Y是S、O或NH;其中W选自未取代或取代烷基、链烯基和未取代或取代芳基;其中(Z)n+代表铵离子或一个衍生自一种有机胺化合物或一种碱性染料的阳离子;其中n为1或2,m1为一个1-4的整数以及K1是比值m1/n;
以及其中式[I-a]是
其中,X是O或NH,以及可以相同或不同的R9-R13独立地选自下列一组:H、烷基、芳基、链烯基、烷氧基、氨基、N-烷基酰胺、N-芳基酰胺、羟基、卤原子、酰基、酰氧基、酰胺、酰基-N-烷基酰胺、羧基、烷氧基羰基或磺酰基;其中R1-R8和R9-R13中至少一个是磺酰基;以及其中式[II]是
其中,可以相同或不同的R47-R52独立地选自下列一组:H、烷基、芳基、链烯基、烷氧基、氨基、N-烷基酰胺、N-芳基酰胺、羟基、卤原子、酰基、酰氧基、酰胺、酰基-N-烷基酰胺、羧基、烷氧基羰基或磺酰基;以及R47-R52中至少一个是磺酰基;以及
式[II]中的式J选自式[II-a]或[II-b]且键合2个蒽醌,
其中式[II-a]是
和式[II-b]是
其中,可以相同或不同的R53-R54独立地选自含1-8个碳原子的烷基或氢;以及其中(F)h+代表铵离子或一个衍生自一种有机氨基化合物或一种碱性染料的阳离子,其中h为1或2,m4是一个1-4的整数和K4是比值m4/h
2.技术方案1的组合物,它还包含一种与所述蒽醌染料的所述胺盐混合以形成一种激光透射黑染料的第二染料。
3.技术方案2的组合物,其中所述第二染料选自下列一组:迫位酮染料、单偶氮配合物染料、蒽吡啶酮染料和蒽醌染料。
4.技术方案1的组合物,它还包含(i)一种红染料,其用以与所述蒽醌染料的所述胺盐混合以形成一种激光透射黑染料,所述红染料选自迫位酮染料、单偶氮配合物染料和蒽吡啶酮染料;和(ii)加入到所述混合物中的另一种黄染料,选自由单偶氮配合物染料和蒽醌染料所组成的组。
5.技术方案1-4中任一项的组合物,其中所述热塑性树脂是聚酰胺或聚酯。
6.技术方案5的组合物,它还包含增强剂。
7.一种由技术方案1-4中任何一项的组合物形成的激光透明制品。
8.由激光焊接一个不透明制品与一个技术方案7中的激光透明制品所形成的制品。
9.宜与热塑性树脂混合的根据技术方案1中所述的包含式[I]或式
[II]蒽醌染料的胺盐的激光透射黑着色剂的用途。
10.技术方案9的用途,其中,在宜与一种热塑性树脂混合的激光透射黑着色剂中至少包含式[I]的蒽醌染料的胺盐,其中式[I-a]中R9、R10、R11、R12和R13中至少一个是磺酰基。
Claims (10)
1.一种用于激光焊接的热塑性树脂组合物,它包含
1)热塑性树脂;和
2)包含式[I]或式[II]的蒽醌染料的胺盐的激光透射黑着色剂,其中式[I]为:
其中,可以相同或不同的R1-R8独立地选自下列一组:H、烷基、芳基、链烯基、烷氧基、氨基、羟基、卤原子、酰基、酰氧基、酰胺、酰基-N-烷基酰胺、羧基、烷氧基羰基、环己酰胺、磺酰基、式[I-a]或-Y-W,以及R1-R8中至少一个是式[I-a];其中Y是S、O或NH;
其中W选自未取代或取代烷基、链烯基和未取代或取代芳基;其中(Z)n+代表铵离子或一个衍生自一种有机胺化合物或一种碱性染料的阳离子;其中n为1或2,m1为一个1-4的整数以及K1是比值m1/n;
以及其中式[I-a]是
其中,X是O或NH,以及可以相同或不同的R9-R13独立地选自下列一组:H、烷基、芳基、链烯基、烷氧基、氨基、N-烷基酰胺、N-芳基酰胺、羟基、卤原子、酰基、酰氧基、酰胺、酰基-N-烷基酰胺、羧基、烷氧基羰基或磺酰基;其中R1-R8和R9-R13中至少一个是磺酰基;以及其中式[II]是
其中,可以相同或不同的R47-R52独立地选自下列一组:H、烷基、芳基、链烯基、烷氧基、氨基、N-烷基酰胺、N-芳基酰胺、羟基、卤原子、酰基、酰氧基、酰胺、酰基-N-烷基酰胺、羧基、烷氧基羰基或磺酰基;以及R47-R52中至少一个是磺酰基;以及
式[II]中的式J选自式[II-a]或[II-b]且键合2个蒽醌,
其中式[II-a]是
和式[II-b]是
其中,可以相同或不同的R53-R54独立地选自含1-8个碳原子的烷基或氢;以及其中(F)h+代表铵离子或一个衍生自一种有机氨基化合物或一种碱性染料的阳离子,其中h为1或2,m4是一个1-4的整数和K4是比值m4/h
2.权利要求1的组合物,它还包含一种与所述蒽醌染料的所述胺盐混合以形成一种激光透射黑染料的第二染料。
3.权利要求2的组合物,其中所述第二染料选自下列一组:迫位酮染料、单偶氮配合物染料、蒽吡啶酮染料和蒽醌染料。
4.权利要求1的组合物,它还包含(i)一种红染料,其用以与所述蒽醌染料的所述胺盐混合以形成一种激光透射黑染料,所述红染料选自迫位酮染料、单偶氮配合物染料和蒽吡啶酮染料;和(ii)加入到所述混合物中的另一种黄染料,选自由单偶氮配合物染料和蒽醌染料所组成的组。
5.权利要求1-4中任一项的组合物,其中所述热塑性树脂是聚酰胺或聚酯。
6.权利要求5的组合物,它还包含增强剂。
7.一种由权利要求1-4中任何一项的组合物形成的激光透明制品。
8.由激光焊接一个不透明制品与一个权利要求7中的激光透明制品所形成的制品。
9.宜与热塑性树脂混合的根据权利要求1中所述的包含式[I]或式[II]蒽醌染料的胺盐的激光透射黑着色剂的用途。
10.权利要求9的用途,其中,在宜与一种热塑性树脂混合的激光透射黑着色剂中至少包含式[I]的蒽醌染料的胺盐,其中式[I-a]中R9、R10、R11、R12和R13中至少一个是磺酰基。
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US24793700P | 2000-11-13 | 2000-11-13 | |
US60/247,937 | 2000-11-13 |
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JP (1) | JP4040459B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100761642B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1244620C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE323128T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2002230838A1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2423846A1 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE60118787T2 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK1353986T3 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2261511T3 (zh) |
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WO2002038664A2 (en) | 2002-05-16 |
DE60118787T2 (de) | 2006-12-28 |
JP2004514008A (ja) | 2004-05-13 |
CN1474850A (zh) | 2004-02-11 |
DE60118787D1 (de) | 2006-05-24 |
DK1353986T3 (da) | 2006-08-14 |
PT1353986E (pt) | 2006-06-30 |
EP1353986A4 (en) | 2004-12-15 |
WO2002038664A3 (en) | 2002-07-18 |
CA2423846A1 (en) | 2002-05-16 |
WO2002038664A9 (en) | 2003-05-30 |
JP4040459B2 (ja) | 2008-01-30 |
KR20040030456A (ko) | 2004-04-09 |
KR100761642B1 (ko) | 2007-10-04 |
ES2261511T3 (es) | 2006-11-16 |
EP1353986A2 (en) | 2003-10-22 |
EP1353986B1 (en) | 2006-04-12 |
AU2002230838A1 (en) | 2002-05-21 |
ATE323128T1 (de) | 2006-04-15 |
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