KR100761642B1 - 레이저 용접용 착색된 열가소성 수지 조성물, 그를 위한안트라퀴논 착색제, 및 그로부터 성형된 물품 - Google Patents
레이저 용접용 착색된 열가소성 수지 조성물, 그를 위한안트라퀴논 착색제, 및 그로부터 성형된 물품 Download PDFInfo
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- KR100761642B1 KR100761642B1 KR1020037006481A KR20037006481A KR100761642B1 KR 100761642 B1 KR100761642 B1 KR 100761642B1 KR 1020037006481 A KR1020037006481 A KR 1020037006481A KR 20037006481 A KR20037006481 A KR 20037006481A KR 100761642 B1 KR100761642 B1 KR 100761642B1
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- Prior art keywords
- formula
- dye
- anthraquinone
- group
- dyes
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- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 150000004056 anthraquinones Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 34
- PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthraquinone Natural products CCC(=O)c1c(O)c2C(=O)C3C(C=CC=C3O)C(=O)c2cc1CC(=O)OC PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 30
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 239000001000 anthraquinone dye Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- -1 amine salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 71
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000001044 red dye Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- DGBWPZSGHAXYGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N perinone Chemical compound C12=NC3=CC=CC=C3N2C(=O)C2=CC=C3C4=C2C1=CC=C4C(=O)N1C2=CC=CC=C2N=C13 DGBWPZSGHAXYGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000001043 yellow dye Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- NYGZLYXAPMMJTE-UHFFFAOYSA-M metanil yellow Chemical group [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC(N=NC=2C=CC(NC=3C=CC=CC=3)=CC=2)=C1 NYGZLYXAPMMJTE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 26
- AJDUTMFFZHIJEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(9,10-dioxoanthracen-1-yl)-4-[4-[[4-[4-[(9,10-dioxoanthracen-1-yl)carbamoyl]phenyl]phenyl]diazenyl]phenyl]benzamide Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=CC=C2NC(=O)C(C=C1)=CC=C1C(C=C1)=CC=C1N=NC(C=C1)=CC=C1C(C=C1)=CC=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC2=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C2=O AJDUTMFFZHIJEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- XBNVWXKPFORCRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-naphtho[2,3-f]quinolin-1-one Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=C4C(=O)CC=NC4=CC=C3C=C21 XBNVWXKPFORCRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
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- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 0 C[C@](CCCCO)c(cc1)cc2c1O*=*C1C=Cc3ccccc3[C@]1[N+](C)[N-]2 Chemical compound C[C@](CCCCO)c(cc1)cc2c1O*=*C1C=Cc3ccccc3[C@]1[N+](C)[N-]2 0.000 description 3
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- RDIVANOKKPKCTO-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum;octadecanoate;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Al+3].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O RDIVANOKKPKCTO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
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Images
Classifications
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- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/16—Laser beams
- B29C65/1603—Laser beams characterised by the type of electromagnetic radiation
- B29C65/1612—Infrared [IR] radiation, e.g. by infrared lasers
- B29C65/1616—Near infrared radiation [NIR], e.g. by YAG lasers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/16—Laser beams
- B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
- B29C65/1674—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface making use of laser diodes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/16—Laser beams
- B29C65/1677—Laser beams making use of an absorber or impact modifier
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
- B29C66/7212—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the composition of the fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2101/00—Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds as moulding material
- B29K2101/12—Thermoplastic materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
- B29K2995/0018—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular optical properties, e.g. fluorescent or phosphorescent
- B29K2995/002—Coloured
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
- B29K2995/0018—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular optical properties, e.g. fluorescent or phosphorescent
- B29K2995/0022—Bright, glossy or shiny surface
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
- B29K2995/0018—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular optical properties, e.g. fluorescent or phosphorescent
- B29K2995/0026—Transparent
- B29K2995/0027—Transparent for light outside the visible spectrum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
- B29K2995/0037—Other properties
- B29K2995/0072—Roughness, e.g. anti-slip
- B29K2995/0073—Roughness, e.g. anti-slip smooth
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Abstract
Description
실시예 A | 실시예 B | 실시예 C | 비교예 D | 비교예 E | 비교예 F | ||
투과도 | TA | 0.96 | 0.95 | 0.95 | 0.98 | 0.83 | 0.72 |
TB | 1.00 | 1.02 | 1.02 | 0.98 | 0.78 | 0.71 | |
OD | 2.47 | 2.49 | 2.45 | 2.51 | 2.49 | 2.43 | |
내광성 △E | 1.12 | 0.98 | 1.18 | 1.08 | 1.05 | 0.89 | |
내열성 △E | 0.61 | 0.64 | 0.62 | 1.29 | 1.12 | 0.35 | |
내용해성 △E | 시험판 | 0.34 | 0.47 | 0.40 | 0.93 | 0.81 | 0.28 |
용매 | 0.61 | 0.08 | 0.65 | 1.59 | 1.06 | 0.32 | |
내수분성 △E | 0.16 | 0.17 | 0.09 | 1.53 | 0.71 | 0.24 | |
TG/DTA 발열 피크 (℃)/ 흡열 피크 (℃) | 346.5, 506.2/ 없음 | 346.9/ 없음 | 315.1/ 없음 | 378.6/ 181.1 | 없음/ 193.7 | 없음/ 293.7 |
실시예 A | 비교예 D | |
면포 외관 | 변화 없음 | 짙은 녹색으로 착색됨 |
실시예 G | 비교예 H | 비교예 I | ||
성형 후 | 인장 강도 (MPa) | 183 | 171 | 190 |
연신율 (%) | 3.6 | 3.4 | 3.8 | |
숙성 후 | 인장 강도 (MPa) | 191 | 181 | 155 |
연신율 (%) | 3.1 | 3.2 | 2.1 | |
외관 | 흑색 | 암갈색 | 흑색 |
상부 시험편 하부 시험편 | 실시예 G 비교예 I | 비교예 H 비교예 I |
용접 결과 | 양호한 접착 | 접착되지 않음 |
실시예 J | 실시예 K | 비교예 L | ||
투과도 | TA | 0.94 | 0.94 | 0.93 |
TB | 0.95 | 0.96 | 0.91 | |
OD | 2.40 | 2.41 | 2.32 | |
내열성 △E | 0.51 | 0.47 | 1.30 | |
내수분성 △E | 0.14 | 0.36 | 1.02 | |
TG/DTA 발열 피크 (℃)/ 흡열 피크 (℃) | 346.5, 506.2/ 없음 | 346.9/ 없음 | 320.9/ 179.5 |
실시예 M | 비교예 N | ||
투과도 | TA | 0.92 | 0.92 |
TB | 0.85 | 0.89 | |
OD | 1.90 | 1.86 | |
내수분성 △E | 0.61 | 3.58 | |
TG/DTA 발열 피크 (℃)/ 흡열 피크 (℃) | 337.0/ 없음 | 320.9/ 179.5 |
실시예 O | 실시예 P | 실시예 Q | 실시예 R | 비교예 S | 비교예 T | |
73G30L kg 안트라퀴논 염료 [I-21]의 아민염 안트라퀴논 염료 [I-23]의 아민염 안트라퀴논 염료 [I-13]의 아민염 모노아조 착물 적색 염료 [V-2] 모노아조 착물 오랜지색 염료 [V-3] 페리논 적색 염료 [IV-3] 황색 염료 [a] 카본 블랙 | 4.9925 5.00 g 1.67 g 0.83 g | 4.9925 5.00 g 1.67 g 0.83 g | 4.9925 5.00 g 2.50 g | 4.9925 5.63 g 1.88 g | 5 | 4.99 10 g |
인장 강도 MPa 연신율 % 노치 차피 KJ/m2 | 175 3.8 12.2 | 170 3.7 12.4 | 176 3.9 12.4 | 174 3.8 12.4 | 179 3.5 13.4 | 185 3.4 12.2 |
50 W에서 레이저 용접 2.5 m/분 Kgf 5 m/분 Kgf 10 m/분 Kgf | 195 194 99 | 193 186 99 | 197 182 132 | 199 189 - | 203 182 134 | - - - |
실시예 U | 실시예 V | 실시예 W | 실시예 X | 실시예 Y | 실시예 Z | 비교예 AA | 비교예 AB | |
70G33HS1L kg 안트라퀴논 염료 [I-21]의 아민염 안트라퀴논 염료 [I-23]의 아민염 안트라퀴논 염료 [I-13]의 아민염 안트라퀴논 염료 [II-8]의 아민염 안트라퀴논 염료 [II-7]의 아민염 모노아조 착물 적색 염료 [V-2] 모노아조 착물 오랜지색 염료 [V-3] 페리논 적색 염료 [IV-3] 황색 염료 [a] 카본 블랙 | 4.9925 5.00 g 1.67 g 0.83 g | 4.9925 5.00 g 1.67 g 0.83 g | 4.9925 5.00 g 2.50 g | 4.9925 5.63 g 1.88 g | 4.9925 5.00 g 1.67 g 0.83 g | 4.9925 5.00 g 1.67 g 0.83 g | 5 | 4.99 10 g |
인장 강도 MPa 연신율 % 노치 차피 KJ/m2 | 198 3.5 12.7 | 203 3.3 12.4 | 197 3.4 12.8 | 197 3.5 12.6 | 197 3.5 12.7 | 194 3.4 12.5 | 206 3.6 12.8 | 207 3.2 11.9 |
80 W에서 레이저 용접 2.5 m/분 Kgf 5 m/분 Kgf 10 m/분 Kgf | 82 180 182 | 57 193 113 | 96 184 185 | 86 181 167 | 204 192 89 | 177 196 - | 95 184 172 | - - - |
실시예 AC | 비교예 AD | 비교예 AE | |
폴리에스테르 펠렛 kg 안트라퀴논 염료 [I-11]의 아민염 안트라퀴논 염료 [I-14]의 아민염 안트라퀴논 염료 [VI-2]의 아민염 카본 블랙 | 5.0 6.25 5.0 1.25 | 5.0 | 5.0 22.5 |
인장 강도 MPa 연신율 % 노치 차피 KJ/m2 | 139 3.7 11 | 140 3.2 11 | 138 3.4 11 |
50 W에서 레이저 용접 5 m/분 Kgf | 149 | 145 | - |
실시예 AC는 실시예 M과 동일 조성임. 비교예 AD는 실시예 M 또는 N에서 사용된 천연 착색된 유리 강화 폴리에스테르를 포함함. 비교예 AE는 천연 착색된 폴리에스테르에 카본 블랙을 첨가함으로써 실시예 M 또는 N에서 사용된 흑색 착색된 유리 강화 폴리에스테르를 포함함. |
Claims (13)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US24793700P | 2000-11-13 | 2000-11-13 | |
US60/247,937 | 2000-11-13 | ||
PCT/US2001/048324 WO2002038664A2 (en) | 2000-11-13 | 2001-11-13 | Colored thermoplastic resin compositions for laser welding, anthraquinone colorants therefor and molded product therefrom |
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KR20040030456A KR20040030456A (ko) | 2004-04-09 |
KR100761642B1 true KR100761642B1 (ko) | 2007-10-04 |
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KR1020037006481A KR100761642B1 (ko) | 2000-11-13 | 2001-11-13 | 레이저 용접용 착색된 열가소성 수지 조성물, 그를 위한안트라퀴논 착색제, 및 그로부터 성형된 물품 |
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EP (1) | EP1353986B1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP4040459B2 (ko) |
KR (1) | KR100761642B1 (ko) |
CN (1) | CN1244620C (ko) |
AT (1) | ATE323128T1 (ko) |
AU (1) | AU2002230838A1 (ko) |
CA (1) | CA2423846A1 (ko) |
DE (1) | DE60118787T2 (ko) |
DK (1) | DK1353986T3 (ko) |
ES (1) | ES2261511T3 (ko) |
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US20230159746A1 (en) | 2020-05-06 | 2023-05-25 | Basf Se | Flame retarded polyester blend |
CN116096815A (zh) | 2020-08-07 | 2023-05-09 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 热塑性混合物 |
JP2024521058A (ja) | 2021-05-11 | 2024-05-28 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア | レーザーマーキング及びレーザー溶接された成形体及びそれらの製造 |
CN117916316A (zh) | 2021-08-30 | 2024-04-19 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 聚酰胺组合物和制品 |
WO2023088806A1 (de) | 2021-11-22 | 2023-05-25 | Basf Se | Thermoplastische mischungen |
WO2024041951A1 (en) | 2022-08-23 | 2024-02-29 | Basf Se | Polyamide composition and article produced from the composition |
WO2024041953A1 (en) | 2022-08-23 | 2024-02-29 | Basf Se | Flame retardant polyamide composition and article produced from the composition |
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US5893959A (en) | 1994-03-31 | 1999-04-13 | Marquardt Gmbh | Workpiece of plastic and production process for such a workpiece |
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JPS62903A (ja) * | 1985-06-05 | 1987-01-06 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | 近赤外線吸収フイルタ− |
US5973038A (en) * | 1998-05-13 | 1999-10-26 | Eastman Chemical Company | Thermoplastic polymer compositions containing black dye compositions |
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2001
- 2001-11-13 JP JP2002541990A patent/JP4040459B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-11-13 KR KR1020037006481A patent/KR100761642B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2001-11-13 CA CA002423846A patent/CA2423846A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-11-13 DK DK01991087T patent/DK1353986T3/da active
- 2001-11-13 DE DE60118787T patent/DE60118787T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-11-13 ES ES01991087T patent/ES2261511T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-11-13 CN CNB018187625A patent/CN1244620C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-11-13 PT PT01991087T patent/PT1353986E/pt unknown
- 2001-11-13 WO PCT/US2001/048324 patent/WO2002038664A2/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-11-13 AU AU2002230838A patent/AU2002230838A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-11-13 EP EP01991087A patent/EP1353986B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-11-13 AT AT01991087T patent/ATE323128T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US4102639A (en) | 1970-11-24 | 1978-07-25 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Amine salts of reactive dyestuffs |
US4775012A (en) | 1987-06-22 | 1988-10-04 | Thompson R Maxwell | Fire extinguisher which utilizes a can of pressurized beverage |
US5893959A (en) | 1994-03-31 | 1999-04-13 | Marquardt Gmbh | Workpiece of plastic and production process for such a workpiece |
US5663029A (en) | 1996-01-24 | 1997-09-02 | Xerox Corporation | Electrostatic imaging process |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE60118787T2 (de) | 2006-12-28 |
WO2002038664A9 (en) | 2003-05-30 |
ATE323128T1 (de) | 2006-04-15 |
CN1244620C (zh) | 2006-03-08 |
ES2261511T3 (es) | 2006-11-16 |
EP1353986A2 (en) | 2003-10-22 |
DK1353986T3 (da) | 2006-08-14 |
EP1353986A4 (en) | 2004-12-15 |
WO2002038664A2 (en) | 2002-05-16 |
JP4040459B2 (ja) | 2008-01-30 |
WO2002038664A3 (en) | 2002-07-18 |
PT1353986E (pt) | 2006-06-30 |
DE60118787D1 (de) | 2006-05-24 |
CN1474850A (zh) | 2004-02-11 |
JP2004514008A (ja) | 2004-05-13 |
AU2002230838A1 (en) | 2002-05-21 |
CA2423846A1 (en) | 2002-05-16 |
KR20040030456A (ko) | 2004-04-09 |
EP1353986B1 (en) | 2006-04-12 |
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