CN1233630A - 以可游离基聚合的潜在紫外线吸收剂制备的视觉装置 - Google Patents
以可游离基聚合的潜在紫外线吸收剂制备的视觉装置 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/14—Eye parts, e.g. lenses, corneal implants; Implanting instruments specially adapted therefor; Artificial eyes
- A61F2/16—Intraocular lenses
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/04—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of organic materials, e.g. plastics
- G02B1/041—Lenses
- G02B1/043—Contact lenses
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Eyeglasses (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Optical Elements (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了用以形成视觉装置的组合物,该组合物含有潜在的UV吸收剂。通过UV激发的游离基聚合法,可方便和有效地使用本发明的组合物制备视觉装置。
Description
本发明涉及含有紫外线吸收剂的视觉装置。本发明具体涉及生产含紫外线吸收剂的视觉装置的组合物。通过UV激发的游离基聚合法,可方便和有效地使用本发明的组合物制备视觉装置。
众所周知,在210-315纳米范围内的紫外线(“UV”)会使角膜受到伤害。因此,含UV吸收剂的视觉装置是人们所希望的,而它们的制备方法是已知的。
在视觉装置中使用的大多数已知的UV吸收剂,借助形成该装置的单体与官能化形式的UV吸收剂的共聚反应来引入形成该装置的聚合物基质中。大多数市售的视觉装置,尤其是隐形眼镜是采用游离基聚合法制备的。实现这种聚合最便捷的方法是使用UV光辐射。
令人遗憾地是,当在UV吸收剂的存在下进行UV光辐射时,吸收剂的UV吸收官能团会干扰固化作用,其中所述官能团与聚合中使用的UV光引发剂争夺入射光。结果使聚合效率降低,且会形成固化不足的产品。尽管可使用诸如可见光引发剂之类来改变聚合作用,但是这些改变通常使得聚合反应不太有效。
因此,仍需要一种有效生产视觉装置的方法,采用UV引发聚合法来生产含UV吸收剂的视觉装置。
本发明提供了潜在的UV吸收剂或在UV引发聚合法中使用的吸收剂,和其制备方法,所述的UV吸收剂不会干扰聚合的光引发作用。此外,本发明提供了通过UV引发的游离基聚合来生产含UV吸收剂的视觉装置的方法。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,基本上包含和包含至少一种形成视觉装置的单体和吸收性有效量的潜在UV吸收剂的组合物。在本发明的另一个实施方式中,提供了含UV吸收剂的视觉装置的生产方法,基本上包括和包括以下步骤:将一种吸收性有效量的潜在UV吸收剂和至少一种形成视觉装置的单体混合,形成混合物,固化混合物并再生潜在的UV吸收剂。
在本发明另一个实施方式中,提供了一种潜在的UV吸收剂,基本上包含和包含至少有一个能与UV光反应的官能团的UV吸收剂,而所述官能团是加以保护的。术语“保护”是指可逆地改变官能团,使得它们不能与UV光发生反应。在本发明另一个实施方式中,提供了一种潜在的UV吸收剂的制备方法,基本上包括和包括以下步骤:将至少有一个UV反应官能团的UV吸收剂与保护剂发生反应。
术语“UV吸收剂”是指能吸收或屏蔽UV辐射的化合物或组合物。术语“保护剂”是指能与UV吸收剂发生反应的任何化合物或组合物,以使吸收剂的UV官能团基本上不与UV光发生反应,但是允许UV吸收剂和形成视觉装置的单体进行UV引发的游离基聚合。因此,“潜在的UV吸收剂”是一种UV反应官能团受到保护的UV吸收剂,以便该官能团不与UV光发生反应或仅少量地与UV光发生反应,而该吸收剂仍能与形成视觉装置的单体进行UV引发的聚合反应。
本发明发现了通过使用保护剂提供潜在的吸收剂,有效地使形成视觉装置的单体和UV吸收剂进行游离基、UV光引发的聚合反应。合适的UV吸收剂是那些可与所使用的形成视觉装置的单体物质发生聚合,在现有技术中是已知的,可以商购或按已知的方法制备的物质。一般来说,使用的吸收剂包括(但不限于)二苯甲酮类、苯并三唑类、三嗪类、取代的丙烯腈、水杨酸衍生物、苯甲酸衍生物、镍配合物、肉桂酸衍生物、查尔酮衍生物、缩二苯乙酮衍生物、巴豆酸衍生物等和它们混合物。
二苯甲酮类的实例包括(但不限于)2-羟基二苯甲酮,例如2-羟基-4-丙烯酰氧基烷氧基二苯甲酮、2-羟基-4-甲基丙烯酰氧基烷氧基二苯甲酮、烯丙基-2-羟基二苯甲酮、2,4-二羟基二苯甲酮、2-羟基-4-甲基丙烯酰氧基二苯甲酮以及4-羟基、4-甲氧基、4-辛氧基、4-癸氧基、4-十二烷氧基、4-苄氧基、4,2′,2′-三羟基和2′-羟基-4,4′二甲氧基衍生物等和它们的混合物。
苯并三唑类的实例包括(但不限于)2-(2′-羟苯基)苯并三唑,例如2-(2′-羟苯并基)-2H-苯三唑和5′-甲基、3′5′-二-叔丁基、5′-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)、5-氯-3′,5′-二-叔丁基、5-氯-3′-叔丁基-5′-甲基、3′-仲丁基-5′-叔丁基、4′-辛氧基、3′,5′-二-叔戊基、3′5′-双(α,α-二甲基苄基)衍生物、2-(2-羟基)-2H-苯并三唑、2-(2-羟基-5-乙烯基苯基)-2H-苯并三唑、2-(2-羟基-5-丙烯酰氧苯基)-2H-苯并三唑、2-(2-羟基-3-甲基丙烯酰氨基甲基-5-叔辛基苯基)苯并三唑等和它们的混合物。
适用于本发明的其它吸收剂公开在美国专利US5133745、5098445、4929250、4963160、4868251、4304895、4390676、3391110、3365421、3313866和3162676中。优选的吸收剂是苯并三唑类和二苯甲酮类。
使用的保护剂是那些与UV吸收剂发生反应,提供潜在的吸收剂的物质,反应条件对于本领域中那些熟练的技术人员来说是显而易见的,取决于所选择的吸收剂。所选择的保护剂通常是这样的一类物质,除了借助可聚合基团外,它们不参予吸收剂和形成视觉装置的单体的聚合反应,在游离基聚合过程中起原子源作用和起猝灭激发状态下的吸收剂的作用。
举例来说,二苯甲酮吸收剂可与诸如三甲基原甲酸酯类化合物或组合物发生反应,目的是不共轭苯基,使得它们不干扰吸收剂和形成视觉装置的单体发生光聚合反应。另一种方式是可用还原剂,例如三异丙醇铝将吸收剂的某些C=O基团还原成相应的醇。再一种方式是可用含酮羰基的吸收剂形成缩酮。
可将UV吸收剂与至少一种形成视觉装置的单体进行混合和聚合。这类单体在本领域中是众所周知的,包括(但不限制)含硅单体、可聚合不饱和酸,例如丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、富马酸和马来酸的羟基烷基酯、丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酸的烷基酯和环烷基酯、非环状酰胺、杂环N-乙烯基内酰胺、不饱和酸的氨基烷基酯、不饱和酸的巯基烷基酯、苯乙烯基(styryl)单体等。优选的单体包括甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丁酯、苯乙烯基单体、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮和它们的混合物。更优选的单体是甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯和它们的混合物。
一般来说,此潜在的UV吸收剂以吸收性有效量存在,一旦使潜在吸收剂再生,该含量足以吸收大部分,至少约80%波长在280-370纳米范围内、照射到所制成的视觉装置上的UV光。本领域内的普通技术人员将清楚所使用的吸收剂的具体用量将取决于吸收剂的分子量和在约280-370纳米范围内的消光系数。通常,按单体混合物重量计,其用量为约0.5-5.0%,优选约0.5-3.0%。
尽管可按任何方法进行聚合反应,但对本发明最有利地是使用UV引发的游离基聚合反应。实施该方法的过程和条件对于本领域中熟练的技术人员来说是已知的。
UV聚合反应通常在光引发剂的存在下进行,该光引发剂是众所周知的并且可以从市场上买到。UV引发剂的实例包括(但不是限制)2-羟基-2-甲基苯丙酮、(1-羟基环己基)苯基酮和2,2-二甲氧基-2-苯基苯乙酮、DAROCURETM1173,IRGACURETM184和IRGACURETM651,分别购自CIBA-Geigy公司。
除了光引发剂外,可向需固化的混合物中加入其它添加剂。合适的添加剂包括但不局限于染料、稳定剂、稀释剂、表面活性剂、交联剂等。
优选地是,形成潜在的吸收剂、单体和其它添加剂的混合物,并固化以形成隐形眼镜。形成隐形眼镜的方法是众所周知的,包括(但不局限于)旋转浇铸和模铸等。
在完全固化到所要求的程度后,潜在吸收剂会进行其UV官能团的再生或复原。再生的条件将取决于所使用的保护剂和吸收剂。举例来说,在使用还原剂使二苯甲酮的C=O基团转变成C-OH基团的情况下,可通过使固化物料与略呈碱性的1%过锰酸钾溶液或其它温和的氧化剂接触数分钟,进行再生反应。另一个实例是,在某些情况下,可使用空气使UV官能团再生。
本发明特别适用于形成视觉装置,例如眼镜镜片、隐形镜片和眼内镜片等。但是,人们应该认识到本发明适用于其中需要UV吸收特性的其它聚合基体,例如薄膜、太阳能收集器、聚合物涂料和薄膜、荧光扩散剂、包装材料、乙烯基树脂窗户覆盖物、汽车涂料、纤维建筑物和其类似物。
借助于下面非限制性实施例将进一步说明本发明。
实施例1
将75克3,3,4,4-二苯甲酮四羧酸二酐(0.343摩尔)溶解在225毫升无水吡啶(水含量低于0.05%)中。将该混合物加入到1升配有夹套的三颈圆底烧瓶中,该烧瓶装有充填CaSO4的干燥管、磁性搅拌棒和250毫升添液漏斗。将循环流体设定在20℃,并将60.2克甲基丙烯酸2-羟基乙酯(“HEMA”)(0.463摩尔)、3.45克4-吡咯烷子基吡啶(23.7摩尔)和65克无水吡啶溶液在快速搅拌下滴加到圆底烧瓶的内含物中。这种滴加进行3小时以上。将圆底烧瓶中的内含物在20℃下再搅拌16小时。此时,发现酐基已完全反应,因为从粗制混合物的IR光谱上不再显示有酐羰基吸收带存在。
将粗制反应混合物转移到2升配有夹套三颈圆底烧瓶中,该圆底烧瓶装有机械搅拌器、充填CaSO4的干燥管和在第三个颈上的塞子。将96.1克1,3-二环己基二碳化二亚胺(0.466摩尔)经由填料斗直接添加到圆底烧瓶的内含物中,并于20℃下搅拌1.5小时后溶解。然后使循环流体的温度降至0℃,并在1小时内,通过60毫升添液漏斗,滴加22.7克无水乙醇(水含量低于0.063%)(0.493摩尔)。在添加完成后,用大约20毫升吡啶冲洗漏斗,并将循环流体温度设定在20℃,此时,粗反应混合物变成深红色。反应再进行16小时,然后在减压下,在旋转式蒸发器中除去吡啶,获得156.6克粗产物。将粗产物溶解在225克乙酸乙酯中,并用等体积的5%的HCl水溶液洗涤两次(形成因NaCl分解的乳液),接着用等体积去离子水进行洗涤。将有机层用无水MgSO4干燥,过滤并在减压下,在旋转式蒸发器中除去溶剂,获得110.9克粘性、透明橘色油。
然后,将59.1克(0.086摩尔(估计值))产物倒入装有磁性搅拌棒的2升圆底烧瓶中。将350克无水乙腈(水含量低于0.005%)加入到烧瓶中,并使产物溶解。将120克蒙脱石K-10粘土经由填料漏斗添加到烧瓶中,接着将180毫升原甲酸三甲酯倒入烧瓶中。将所形成的浆料在室温和干燥氮气氛下搅拌48小时。然后在加压下,在旋转式蒸发器中除去溶剂,获得26克(44%)的透明的、粘稠的油。
实施例2
将28克无水2-丙醇(水含量低于0.005%),75克甲苯(水含量低于0.005%)和25克4-甲基丙烯酰氧-2-羟基二苯甲酮(88.7毫摩尔)加入到500毫升三颈、带夹套圆底烧瓶中,烧瓶配备有以充填显示之用途的CaSO4干燥管封端的Friedrich冷凝器、温度计、磁性搅拌器和玻璃塞。将至冷凝器的循环流体的温度设定在5℃。搅拌烧瓶内的内含物数分钟,经由填料漏斗向反应烧瓶中加入18克三异丙醇铝(88.2毫摩尔)。用38克无水2-丙醇将漏斗上的异丙醇铝冲洗到烧瓶中。将反应用循环流体设定在65℃。在反应后,在IR光谱中出现极强烈的OH吸收带,集中在3350cm-1处,而在高于250纳米的UV吸收消失了。
在24小时后,反应视为已经完成,此时,使反应混合物冷却至室温并除去溶剂。向所形成的黄色的油中加入200毫升2.5MHCl(水溶液),并将所形成的混合物在旋转式蒸发器中、在环境温度和压力下搅拌1小时。使所形成的难溶性黄色固体溶解在甲苯中,并与剩余的液体物质混合。用去离子水冲洗甲苯溶液,用MgSO4干燥,过滤并在减压下除去溶剂。该粘稠的黄色的油(12.9克,51%产率,根据原料4-甲基丙烯酰氧-2-羟基二苯甲酮计算)显示的IR和UV光谱说明失去了二苯甲酮官能团。
实施例1和2说明使用二苯甲酮吸收剂制造潜在的UV吸收剂的替代方法。
实施例3
将0.8%(重量)的二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯、0.4%(重量)DAROCURTM1173、2%(重量)甲基丙烯酸和96.8%(重量)HEMA的反应性单体混合物与足量稀释剂掺混,制成48%单体/52%稀释剂的混合物。稀释剂为50∶50重量比的PHOTONOLTM7025(双酚A的8摩尔乙氧基化物)和GLUCAMTME-20(甲基葡萄糖的20摩尔乙氧基化物)的混合物。将此混合物作为对照物或UV阻断剂零浓度的试样。
在65℃下充分混合上述掺混物后,将混合物在65℃、在40mmHG的减压下搅拌30分钟,然后转移至两块聚苯乙烯隐形镜片模具中。在室温下,使已填充的模具暴露在300-380纳米的UV光(1.5-2.0焦耳/厘米2剂量)下30分钟。然后分离开该模件,并将其置于70℃下的生理食盐水溶液中3小时,以除去惰性稀释剂和任何残留的、未反应的单体。在最初沥滤期间后,使镜片在刚配成的生理食盐水溶液中达到平衡至室温。
实施例4
按实施例3制备反应单体混合物,只是使用1%(重量)实施例2的还原4-羟基二苯甲酮和95.8%(重量)HEMA。将此混合物按实施例3进行掺混、模压和固化。
实施例5
按实施例3制备反应单体混合物,只是使用5%(重量)实施例2的还原4-羟基二苯甲酮和91.8%(重量)HEMA。将此混合物按实施例3进行掺混、模压和固化。
实施例6
将实施例4和5所制成的镜片暴露在略呈碱性(pH=8.0,硼酸盐缓冲剂)的1%过锰酸钾溶液中。进行再生作用的试验,其方式是在200纳米至500纳米光谱范围内进行测定,并将其UV吸光率与未使用UV吸收剂的镜片作比较。结果表明实施例4和5的镜片具有良好的吸光率,因此,由于暴露在溶液中的缘故,已使二苯甲酮再生。
Claims (10)
1.一种组合物,它含有至少一种可形成视觉装置的单体和一种吸收性有效量的潜在UV吸收剂。
2.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中形成视觉装置的单体选自甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丁酯、苯乙烯基单体、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮和它们的混合物。
3.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中吸收剂选自二苯甲酮、苯并三唑、三嗪、取代的丙烯腈、水杨酸衍生物、苯甲酸衍生物、镍配合物、肉桂酸衍生物、查耳酮衍生物、缩二苯乙酮衍生物、巴豆酸衍生物和它们的混合物。
4.一种组合物,它包含至少一种形成视觉装置的单体,所述单体选自甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丁酯、苯乙烯基单体、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮和它们的混合物,并包含一种潜在的UV吸收剂,所述吸收剂选自二苯甲酮和苯并三唑,其中该吸收剂的含量为单体混合物重量的约0.5-5.0%(重量)。
5.根据权利要求4的组合物,其中吸收剂是2-羟基二苯甲酮。
6.一种形成含有UV吸收剂的视觉装置的方法,包括以下步骤:
将潜在UV吸收剂和至少一种形成视觉装置的单体混合;
固化该混合物;和
使已固化混合物中的潜在UV吸收剂再生,以产生含UV吸收剂的视觉装置。
7.根据权利要求6的方法,其中所述形成视觉装置的单体选自甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丁酯、苯乙烯基单体、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮和它们的混合物,而所述潜在的UV吸收剂,选自二苯甲酮和苯并三唑,其中该吸收剂的含量为单体混合物重量的约0.5-5.0%(重量)。
8.一种潜在的UV吸收剂,它包含具有至少一个可与UV光反应的官能团的UV吸收剂,其中所述至少一个官能团是受到保护的。
9.根据权利要求8的吸收剂,其中UV吸收剂选自二苯甲酮、苯并三唑、三嗪、取代的丙烯腈、水杨酸衍生物、苯甲酸衍生物、镍配合物、肉桂酸衍生物、查耳酮衍生物、缩二苯乙酮衍生物、巴豆酸衍生物和它们的混合物。
10.根据权利要求8组合物的吸收剂,其中所述吸收剂是2-羟基二苯甲酮。
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US5760261A (en) * | 1990-02-28 | 1998-06-02 | Guttag; Alvin | Higher fatty acid derivatives of salicylic acid and salts thereof |
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-
1998
- 1998-04-20 US US09/063,625 patent/US6218463B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1999
- 1999-04-13 SG SG9901663A patent/SG85636A1/en unknown
- 1999-04-16 AU AU23809/99A patent/AU761959B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-04-19 DE DE69926565T patent/DE69926565T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-04-19 AR ARP990101807A patent/AR015772A1/es unknown
- 1999-04-19 JP JP11134499A patent/JP4361163B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-04-19 EP EP05076111A patent/EP1584952A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-04-19 EP EP99303002A patent/EP0952467B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-04-19 CA CA2269399A patent/CA2269399C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-04-19 KR KR1019990013793A patent/KR19990083308A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-04-20 BR BRPI9901393-2A patent/BR9901393B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-04-20 CN CN99107610A patent/CN1124315C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-12 TW TW088106256A patent/TWI228136B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6218463B1 (en) | 2001-04-17 |
SG85636A1 (en) | 2002-01-15 |
BR9901393A (pt) | 2000-05-23 |
AU761959B2 (en) | 2003-06-12 |
EP0952467B1 (en) | 2005-08-10 |
DE69926565T2 (de) | 2006-06-08 |
EP1584952A1 (en) | 2005-10-12 |
KR19990083308A (ko) | 1999-11-25 |
CA2269399A1 (en) | 1999-10-20 |
TWI228136B (en) | 2005-02-21 |
AR015772A1 (es) | 2001-05-16 |
DE69926565D1 (de) | 2005-09-15 |
BR9901393B1 (pt) | 2011-01-11 |
JPH11337885A (ja) | 1999-12-10 |
EP0952467A1 (en) | 1999-10-27 |
CN1124315C (zh) | 2003-10-15 |
CA2269399C (en) | 2010-08-31 |
AU2380999A (en) | 1999-10-28 |
JP4361163B2 (ja) | 2009-11-11 |
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