CN116525228A - 一种压敏电阻器及其制备工艺 - Google Patents

一种压敏电阻器及其制备工艺 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN116525228A
CN116525228A CN202310501325.7A CN202310501325A CN116525228A CN 116525228 A CN116525228 A CN 116525228A CN 202310501325 A CN202310501325 A CN 202310501325A CN 116525228 A CN116525228 A CN 116525228A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
parts
particles
piezoresistor
trioxide
hydrosol
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202310501325.7A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
王荣贵
王玉珏
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zhejiang Wurong Electronic Co ltd
Original Assignee
Zhejiang Wurong Electronic Co ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zhejiang Wurong Electronic Co ltd filed Critical Zhejiang Wurong Electronic Co ltd
Priority to CN202310501325.7A priority Critical patent/CN116525228A/zh
Publication of CN116525228A publication Critical patent/CN116525228A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01CRESISTORS
    • H01C7/00Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/453Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zinc, tin, or bismuth oxides or solid solutions thereof with other oxides, e.g. zincates, stannates or bismuthates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/64Burning or sintering processes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01CRESISTORS
    • H01C17/00Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01CRESISTORS
    • H01C17/00Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors
    • H01C17/006Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors adapted for manufacturing resistor chips
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01CRESISTORS
    • H01C17/00Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors
    • H01C17/30Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors adapted for baking
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01CRESISTORS
    • H01C7/00Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
    • H01C7/105Varistor cores
    • H01C7/108Metal oxide
    • H01C7/112ZnO type
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3224Rare earth oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. scandium oxide
    • C04B2235/3225Yttrium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3231Refractory metal oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C04B2235/3232Titanium oxides or titanates, e.g. rutile or anatase
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3231Refractory metal oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C04B2235/3241Chromium oxides, chromates, or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3262Manganese oxides, manganates, rhenium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. MnO
    • C04B2235/3267MnO2
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/327Iron group oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C04B2235/3275Cobalt oxides, cobaltates or cobaltites or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bismuth cobaltate, zinc cobaltite
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/327Iron group oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C04B2235/3279Nickel oxides, nickalates, or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3286Gallium oxides, gallates, indium oxides, indates, thallium oxides, thallates or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. zinc gallate
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3294Antimony oxides, antimonates, antimonites or oxide forming salts thereof, indium antimonate
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3298Bismuth oxides, bismuthates or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. zinc bismuthate
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/34Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3418Silicon oxide, silicic acids, or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silica sol, fused silica, silica fume, cristobalite, quartz or flint
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/44Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
    • C04B2235/443Nitrates or nitrites
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/50Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
    • C04B2235/54Particle size related information
    • C04B2235/5418Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof
    • C04B2235/5454Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof nanometer sized, i.e. below 100 nm
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/60Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes

Abstract

本发明提供一种压敏电阻器及其制备工艺,涉及半导体电子材料技术领域。其中,以重量份数计,压敏电阻器的瓷料体系的原料组成包括:氧化锌80‑93份、三氧化二铋2‑6份、三氧化二锑1‑6份、三氧化二铬0‑2份、二氧化锰0.5‑0.7份、二氧化钛0.5‑2.5份、三氧化二钴0.5‑1份、二氧化硅0.5‑3份、氧化镍0.4‑0.6份、硝酸铝0.05‑0.08份、氧化铟0.05‑0.825份和三氧化二钇0.05‑0.1份。本发明的压敏电阻器陶瓷具备梯度高、残压低、通流容量大、泄露电流小、老化性能稳定的特点。

Description

一种压敏电阻器及其制备工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及半导体电子材料技术领域,特别涉及一种压敏电阻器及其制备工艺。
背景技术
压敏电阻器是电压敏感电阻器的简称,是一种非线性电阻元件。压敏电阻器的阻值与两端施加的电压大小有关,当加到压敏电阻器上的电压在其标称值以内时,电阻器的阻值呈现无穷大状态,几乎无电流通过。当压敏电阻器两端的电压略大于标称电压时,压敏电阻器迅速击穿导通,其阻值很快下降,使电阻器处于导通状态。当电压减小至标称电压以下时,其阻值又开始增加,压敏电阻器又恢复为高阻状态。当压敏电阻器两端的电压超过其最大限制电压时,它将完全击穿损坏,无法自行恢复。
目前商品化的压敏电阻器大多数来自ZnO系、TiO2系、SrTiO3系和BaTiO3系压敏陶瓷材料,其中性能最好,应用最广泛的当属20世纪60年代发展起来的ZnO压敏电阻器。研究人员发现当发生高浪涌冲击,ZnO压敏电阻器容易发生退化。因此,如何提升ZnO压敏电阻器的电学性能是本行业的研究课题。
发明内容
为了解决背景技术中提到的当发生高浪涌冲击,ZnO压敏电阻器容易发生退化,本发明提供一种压敏电阻器,所制备的压敏电阻器陶瓷具备梯度高、残压低、通流容量大、泄露电流小、老化性能稳定的特点。
具体为:
一种压敏电阻器,以重量份数计,所述压敏电阻器的瓷料体系的原料组成包括:氧化锌80-93份、三氧化二铋2-6份、三氧化二锑1-6份、三氧化二铬0-2份、二氧化锰0.5-0.7份、二氧化钛0.5-2.5份、三氧化二钴0.5-1份、二氧化硅0.5-3份、氧化镍0.4-0.6份、硝酸铝0.05-0.08份、氧化铟0.05-0.825份和三氧化二钇0.05-0.1份。
在实施上述实施例时,优选地,所述三氧化二锑颗粒的粒径小于50纳米,以含有三氧化二锑颗粒的水溶胶的形式掺入混合粉体中,水溶胶的固含量为10%-25%。
在实施上述实施例时,优选地,所述二氧化钛颗粒的粒径小于20纳米,以含有二氧化钛颗粒的水溶胶的形式掺入混合粉体中,水溶胶的固含量为10%-25%。
在实施上述实施例时,优选地,所述三氧化二钇颗粒的粒径小于50纳米,以含有三氧化二钇颗粒的水溶胶的形式掺入混合粉体中,水溶胶的固含量为10%-25%。
另一方面,本发明还提供一种上述的压敏电阻器的制备工艺,步骤包括:
步骤一、按压敏电阻器的瓷料体系配方称取各原料组分,混合粉体,然后球磨,制备浆料;
步骤二、采用喷雾干燥机,对浆料进行喷雾造粒,获得造粒粉料;
步骤三、将造粒粉料经干压成型,制成陶瓷生坯体;
步骤四、将成型后的陶瓷生坯体进行排胶,烧结,冷却至室温;
步骤五、对烧结冷却后所得产物进行热处理,先升温至600-700℃,保温1-2小时,再降温至室温得到电阻器坯体;
步骤六、将电阻器坯体进行清洗;
步骤七、对清洗后的电阻器坯体进行覆银电极、侧面绝缘涂覆。
在实施上述实施例时,优选地,步骤一中球磨1.5-2小时。
在实施上述实施例时,优选地,步骤四中排胶和烧结的具体工序为:将陶瓷生坯体在300-600℃温度下进行排胶后送至煅烧设备,在1000-1150℃的高温下烧制,烧结15-125小时后取出冷却。
在实施上述实施例时,优选地,步骤五中热处理的具体工序为:将烧结冷却后的产物由室温以1-2℃/min的升温速率升温至600-700℃,保温1-2小时,再以1-2℃/min的降温速率降至室温得到电阻器坯体。
在实施上述实施例时,优选地,步骤六中清洗的具体工序为:将电阻器坯体清洗并烘干。
在实施上述实施例时,优选地,步骤七中覆银电极和侧面绝缘涂覆的具体工序为:将电阻器坯体的两个端面覆银电极,侧面涂覆绝缘层。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益特点在于:
1、本发明的压敏电阻器,对传统瓷料体系配方进行改进,在氧化锌和混合浆料中同时添加了铝和铟元素。在烧结过程中铝和铟固溶进锌晶格,利用两个离子的协同作用降低了晶粒电阻,降低了大电流区的残压,铟离子的存在,使得间隙锌离子的数量下降,泄漏电流得到有效抑制。
2、本发明的压敏电阻器,在瓷料体系中还添加了钇元素,利用钇离子在液相烧结的过程中能够有效抑制氧化锌晶粒的生长,促使拐点电压得以显著提高,提高了压敏电阻器泄放电流的能力,使得所制备的压敏电阻陶瓷具备梯度高、残压低、通流容量大、泄露电流小、老化性能稳定的特点。
3、本发明对传统的压敏电阻器制备工艺进行改进,在烧结后加入了热处理工序,热处理工序能够增加晶体结构分布的均匀性,提升通流能力,使得压敏电阻器在大电流冲击作用下,拥有更好的稳定性。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种压敏电阻器,以重量份数计,压敏电阻器的瓷料体系的原料组成包括:氧化锌93份、三氧化二铋6份、三氧化二锑6份、三氧化二铬2份、二氧化锰0.7份、二氧化钛0.5份、三氧化二钴0.5份、二氧化硅0.5份、氧化镍0.4份、硝酸铝0.05份、氧化铟0.825份和三氧化二钇0.1份。
其中,三氧化二锑颗粒的粒径小于50纳米,以含有三氧化二锑颗粒的水溶胶的形式掺入混合粉体中,水溶胶的固含量为10%;二氧化钛颗粒的粒径小于20纳米,以含有二氧化钛颗粒的水溶胶的形式掺入混合粉体中,水溶胶的固含量为10%;三氧化二钇颗粒的粒径小于50纳米,以含有三氧化二钇颗粒的水溶胶的形式掺入混合粉体中,水溶胶的固含量为10%。
其制备工艺,包括如下步骤:
步骤一、按压敏电阻器的瓷料体系配方称取各原料组分,混合粉体,然后球磨2小时,制备浆料;
步骤二、采用喷雾干燥机,对浆料进行喷雾造粒,获得造粒粉料;
步骤三、将造粒粉料经干压成型,制成陶瓷生坯体;
步骤四、将成型后的陶瓷生坯体在550℃温度下进行排胶后送至煅烧设备,在1150℃的高温下烧制,烧结22小时后取出冷却;
步骤五、将烧结冷却后的产物由室温以1℃/min的升温速率升温至600℃,保温1小时,再以1℃/min的降温速率降至室温得到电阻器坯体;
步骤六、将电阻器坯体的两个端面清洗并烘干;
步骤七、将电阻器坯体的两个端面覆银电极,侧面涂覆绝缘层。
所得的压敏电阻器经性能测试,电压梯度为200V/mm,非线性系数为55,漏电流为1.2μA。
实施例2
一种压敏电阻器,以重量份数计,压敏电阻器的瓷料体系的原料组成包括:氧化锌80份、三氧化二铋2份、三氧化二锑1份、二氧化锰0.5份、二氧化钛2.5份、三氧化二钴1份、二氧化硅3份、氧化高0.6份、硝酸铝0.05份、氧化铟0.05份和三氧化二钇0.05份。
其中,三氧化二锑颗粒的粒径小于50纳米,以含有三氧化二锑颗粒的水溶胶的形式掺入混合粉体中,水溶胶的固含量为19%;二氧化钛颗粒的粒径小于20纳米,以含有二氧化钛颗粒的水溶胶的形式掺入混合粉体中,水溶胶的固含量为18%;三氧化二钇颗粒的粒径小于50纳米,以含有三氧化二钇颗粒的水溶胶的形式掺入混合粉体中,水溶胶的固含量为18%。
其制备工艺,包括如下步骤:
步骤一、按压敏电阻器的瓷料体系配方称取各原料组分,混合粉体,然后球磨2小时,制备浆料;
步骤二、采用喷雾干燥机,对浆料进行喷雾造粒,获得造粒粉料;
步骤三、将造粒粉料经干压成型,制成陶瓷生坯体;
步骤四、将成型后的陶瓷生坯体在550℃温度下进行排胶后送至煅烧设备,在1150℃的高温下烧制,烧结22小时后取出冷却;
步骤五、将烧结冷却后的产物由室温以1.5℃/min的升温速率升温至650℃,保温1.5小时,再以1.5℃/min的降温速率降至室温得到电阻器坯体;
步骤六、将电阻器坯体的两个端面清洗并烘干;
步骤七、将电阻器坯体的两个端面覆银电极,侧面涂覆绝缘层。
所得的压敏电阻器经性能测试,电压梯度为205V/mm,非线性系数为75,漏电流为2.2μA。
实施例3
一种压敏电阻器,以重量份数计,压敏电阻器的瓷料体系的原料组成包括:氧化锌88份、三氧化二铋4份、三氧化二锑4份、三氧化二铬1.5份、二氧化锰0.6份、二氧化钛1.5份、三氧化二钴0.8份、二氧化硅2份、氧化镍0.5份、硝酸铝0.07份、氧化铟0.45份和三氧化二钇0.08份。
其中,三氧化二锑颗粒的粒径小于50纳米,以含有三氧化二锑颗粒的水溶胶的形式掺入混合粉体中,水溶胶的固含量为25%;二氧化钛颗粒的粒径小于20纳米,以含有二氧化钛颗粒的水溶胶的形式掺入混合粉体中,水溶胶的固含量为25%;三氧化二钇颗粒的粒径小于50纳米,以含有三氧化二钇颗粒的水溶胶的形式掺入混合粉体中,水溶胶的固含量为25%。
其制备工艺,包括如下步骤:
步骤一、按压敏电阻器的瓷料体系配方称取各原料组分,混合粉体,然后球磨2小时,制备浆料;
步骤二、采用喷雾干燥机,对浆料进行喷雾造粒,获得造粒粉料;
步骤三、将造粒粉料经干压成型,制成陶瓷生坯体;
步骤四、将成型后的陶瓷生坯体在600℃温度下进行排胶后送至煅烧设备,在1150℃的高温下烧制,烧结22小时后取出冷却;
步骤五、将烧结冷却后的产物由室温以2℃/min的升温速率升温至700℃,保温2小时,再以2℃/min的降温速率降至室温得到电阻器坯体;
步骤六、将电阻器坯体的两个端面清洗并烘干;
步骤七、将电阻器坯体的两个端面覆银电极,侧面涂覆绝缘层。
所得的压敏电阻器经性能测试,电压梯度为210V/mm,非线性系数为45,漏电流为4.2μA。
对比例1
一种压敏电阻器,以重量份数计,压敏电阻器的瓷料体系的原料组成包括:氧化锌93份、三氧化二铋6份、三氧化二锑6份、三氧化二铬2份、二氧化锰0.7份、二氧化钛0.5份、三氧化二钴0.5份、二氧化硅0.5份、氧化镍0.4份和三氧化二钇0.1份。
其中,三氧化二锑颗粒的粒径小于50纳米,以含有三氧化二锑颗粒的水溶胶的形式掺入混合粉体中,水溶胶的固含量为10%;二氧化钛颗粒的粒径小于20纳米,以含有二氧化钛颗粒的水溶胶的形式掺入混合粉体中,水溶胶的固含量为10%;三氧化二钇颗粒的粒径小于50纳米,以含有三氧化二钇颗粒的水溶胶的形式掺入混合粉体中,水溶胶的固含量为10%。
其制备工艺,包括如下步骤:
步骤一、按压敏电阻器的瓷料体系配方称取各原料组分,混合粉体,然后球磨2小时,制备浆料;
步骤二、采用喷雾干燥机,对浆料进行喷雾造粒,获得造粒粉料;
步骤三、将造粒粉料经干压成型,制成陶瓷生坯体;
步骤四、将成型后的陶瓷生坯体在500℃温度下进行排胶后送至煅烧设备,在1150℃的高温下烧制,烧结22小时后取出冷却;
步骤五、将烧结冷却后的产物由室温以1℃/min的升温速率升温至600℃,保温1小时,再以1℃/min的降温速率降至室温得到电阻器坯体;
步骤六、将电阻器坯体的两个端面洗并烘干;
步骤七、将电阻器坯体的两个端面覆银电极,侧面涂覆绝缘层。
所得的压敏电阻器经性能测试,电压梯度为200V/mm,非线性系数为45,漏电流为5.2μA。
对比例2
一种压敏电阻器,以重量份数计,压敏电阻器的瓷料体系的原料组成包括:氧化锌93份、三氧化二铋6份、三氧化二锑6份、三氧化二铬2份、二氧化锰0.7份、二氧化钛0.5份、三氧化二钴0.5份、二氧化硅0.5份、氧化镍0.4份、硝酸铝0.05份、氧化铟0.825份和三氧化二钇0.1份。
其中,三氧化二锑颗粒的粒径小于50纳米,以含有三氧化二锑颗粒的水溶胶的形式掺入混合粉体中,水溶胶的固含量为10%;二氧化钛颗粒的粒径小于20纳米,以含有二氧化钛颗粒的水溶胶的形式掺入混合粉体中,水溶胶的固含量为10%;三氧化二钇颗粒的粒径小于50纳米,以含有三氧化二钇颗粒的水溶胶的形式掺入混合粉体中,水溶胶的固含量为10%。
其制备工艺,包括如下步骤:
步骤一、按压敏电阻器的瓷料体系配方称取各原料组分,混合粉体,然后球磨2小时,制备浆料;
步骤二、采用喷雾干燥机,对浆料进行喷雾造粒,获得造粒粉料;
步骤三、将造粒粉料经干压成型,制成陶瓷生坯体;
步骤四、将成型后的陶瓷生坯体在550℃温度下进行排胶后送至煅烧设备,在1150℃的高温下烧制,烧结22小时后取出冷却;
步骤五、将电阻器坯体的两个端面清洗并烘干;
步骤六、将电阻器坯体的两个端面覆银电极,侧面涂覆绝缘层。
所得的压敏电阻器经性能测试,电压梯度为185V/mm,非线性系数为35,漏电流为6.4μA。
对比例1相较于实施例,其原料组分中不含铝元素和铟元素;对比例2相较于实施例,其制备工艺在烧结后无热处理工序;通过两个对比例获得的压敏电阻器性能测试可知,本发明实施例的压敏电阻器性能优于对比例。
最后应说明的是:以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种压敏电阻器,其特征在于,以重量份数计,所述压敏电阻器的瓷料体系的原料组成包括:氧化锌80-93份、三氧化二铋2-6份、三氧化二锑1-6份、三氧化二铬0-2份、二氧化锰0.5-0.7份、二氧化钛0.5-2.5份、三氧化二钴0.5-1份、二氧化硅0.5-3份、氧化镍0.4-0.6份、硝酸铝0.05-0.08份、氧化铟0.05-0.825份和三氧化二钇0.05-0.1份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的压敏电阻器,其特征在于,所述三氧化二锑颗粒的粒径小于50纳米,以含有三氧化二锑颗粒的水溶胶的形式掺入混合粉体中,水溶胶的固含量为10%-25%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的压敏电阻器,其特征在于,所述二氧化钛颗粒的粒径小于20纳米,以含有二氧化钛颗粒的水溶胶的形式掺入混合粉体中,水溶胶的固含量为10%-25%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的压敏电阻器,其特征在于,所述三氧化二钇颗粒的粒径小于50纳米,以含有三氧化二钇颗粒的水溶胶的形式掺入混合粉体中,水溶胶的固含量为10%-25%。
5.一种如权利要求1~4任意一项所述的压敏电阻器的制备工艺,其特征在于,步骤包括:
步骤一、按压敏电阻器的瓷料体系配方称取各原料组分,混合粉体,然后球磨,制备浆料;
步骤二、采用喷雾干燥机,对浆料进行喷雾造粒,获得造粒粉料;
步骤三、将造粒粉料经干压成型,制成陶瓷生坯体;
步骤四、将成型后的陶瓷生坯体进行排胶,烧结,冷却至室温;
步骤五、对烧结冷却后所得产物进行热处理,先升温至600-700℃,保温1-2小时,再降温至室温得到电阻器坯体;
步骤六、将电阻器坯体进行清洗;
步骤七、对清洗后的电阻器坯体进行覆银电极、侧面绝缘涂覆。
6.根据权利要求5所述的压敏电阻器的制备工艺,其特征在于,步骤一中球磨1.5-2小时。
7.根据权利要求5所述的压敏电阻器的制备工艺,其特征在于,步骤四中排胶和烧结的具体工序为:将陶瓷生坯体在300-600℃温度下进行排胶后送至煅烧设备,在1000-1150℃的高温下烧制,烧结15-25小时后取出冷却。
8.根据权利要求5所述的压敏电阻器的制备工艺,其特征在于,步骤五中热处理的具体工序为:将烧结冷却后的产物由室温以1-2°C/min的升温速率升温至600-700℃,保温1-2小时,再以1-2°C/min的降温速率降至室温得到电阻器坯体。
9.根据权利要求5所述的压敏电阻器的制备工艺,其特征在于,步骤六中清洗的具体工序为:将电阻器坯体清洗并烘干。
10.根据权利要求5所述的压敏电阻器的制备工艺,其特征在于,步骤七中覆银电极和侧面绝缘涂覆的具体工序为:将电阻器坯体的两个端面覆银电极,侧面涂覆绝缘层。
CN202310501325.7A 2023-05-06 2023-05-06 一种压敏电阻器及其制备工艺 Pending CN116525228A (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310501325.7A CN116525228A (zh) 2023-05-06 2023-05-06 一种压敏电阻器及其制备工艺

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310501325.7A CN116525228A (zh) 2023-05-06 2023-05-06 一种压敏电阻器及其制备工艺

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN116525228A true CN116525228A (zh) 2023-08-01

Family

ID=87400747

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202310501325.7A Pending CN116525228A (zh) 2023-05-06 2023-05-06 一种压敏电阻器及其制备工艺

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN116525228A (zh)

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JPH04100201A (ja) ギャップ付避雷器用電圧非直線抵抗体とその製造方法
JPH05502333A (ja) 金属酸化物バリスタとその製造法
CN116525228A (zh) 一种压敏电阻器及其制备工艺
CN110078494B (zh) 一种氧化锌电阻片及其制备方法
CN114031395B (zh) BNT-BKT-BT-AlN复合压电材料及其制备和应用
EP0937692B1 (en) Barium titanate-base semiconductor ceramic
CN102674813B (zh) 一种制作固态储能电容器的材料
JP3323701B2 (ja) 酸化亜鉛系磁器組成物の製造方法
JPS6046802B2 (ja) 非直線抵抗体の製造方法
JPH01289206A (ja) 電圧依存性非直線抵抗体素子及びその製造方法
JP2692210B2 (ja) 酸化亜鉛形バリスタ
JP2000086336A (ja) 正特性サーミスタの製造方法
JP3313533B2 (ja) 酸化亜鉛系磁器組成物及びその製造方法
JPH0552642B2 (zh)
JPH0822773B2 (ja) チタン酸バリウム磁器半導体の製造方法
CN117497267A (zh) 一种氧化锌高梯度非线性电阻片及其制备方法
CN113716952A (zh) 低梯度大通流冲击稳定性的电阻片材料及其制备方法
JPH01189901A (ja) 電圧非直線抵抗体及びその製造方法
JPS6410086B2 (zh)
JPH0465356A (ja) チタバリ系半導体磁器組成物用の原料粉末および磁器組成物
JP2725405B2 (ja) 電圧依存性非直線抵抗体磁器及びその製造方法
JPH02283665A (ja) チタン酸バリウム磁器半導体の製造方法
JPS6019643B2 (ja) 電圧非直線抵抗器の製造方法
JPH01289218A (ja) バリスタの製造方法
JPH04167502A (ja) 電圧非直線抵抗体の製造方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination