CN114341117A - 用于有机电致发光器件的材料 - Google Patents
用于有机电致发光器件的材料 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114341117A CN114341117A CN202080061509.0A CN202080061509A CN114341117A CN 114341117 A CN114341117 A CN 114341117A CN 202080061509 A CN202080061509 A CN 202080061509A CN 114341117 A CN114341117 A CN 114341117A
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- aromatic
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 30
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 129
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 59
- -1 heteroaliphatic Chemical group 0.000 claims description 49
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 45
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzothiophene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzofuran Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC=CC2=C1 FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazine Chemical compound C1=CN=CC=N1 KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 10
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 9
- JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazine Chemical compound C1=CN=NN=C1 JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrimidine Chemical compound C1=CN=CN=C1 CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001716 carbazoles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000006165 cyclic alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- RMBPEFMHABBEKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=C[CH]C=CC3=CC2=C1 RMBPEFMHABBEKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-biphenylenemethane Natural products C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- JWVCLYRUEFBMGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinazoline Chemical compound N1=CN=CC2=CC=CC=C21 JWVCLYRUEFBMGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- ICPSWZFVWAPUKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1'-spirobi[fluorene] Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C4(C=5C(C6=CC=CC=C6C=5)=CC=C4)C=CC=C3C2=C1 ICPSWZFVWAPUKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenazine Natural products C1=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- RFRXIWQYSOIBDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzarone Chemical compound CCC=1OC2=CC=CC=C2C=1C(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RFRXIWQYSOIBDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- WUNJCKOTXFSWBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N indeno[2,1-a]carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C4=NC5=CC=CC=C5C4=CC=C3C2=C1 WUNJCKOTXFSWBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole Natural products CC1=CC=CC2=C1C=CN2 PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolenine Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=NC2=C1 RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- VVVPGLRKXQSQSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolo[3,2-c]carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC3=C4C5=CC=CC=C5N=C4C=CC3=C21 VVVPGLRKXQSQSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- PBMFSQRYOILNGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridazine Chemical compound C1=CC=NN=C1 PBMFSQRYOILNGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000005259 triarylamine group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004826 dibenzofurans Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003574 free electron Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960005544 indolocarbazole Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- XSXHWVKGUXMUQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Os]=O XSXHWVKGUXMUQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QMNWYGTWTXOQTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-triazin-6-one Chemical group O=C1C=CN=NN1 QMNWYGTWTXOQTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007347 radical substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-benzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=NC2=C1 HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BPMFPOGUJAAYHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-Pyrido[2,3-b]indole Chemical class C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=N1 BPMFPOGUJAAYHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NFWATNMVZVJXMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9h-carbazole;dibenzofuran Chemical class C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1.C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 NFWATNMVZVJXMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000008365 aromatic ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- RCDMUNHSQCVVBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzofuran-1-amine Chemical class O1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=C1C=CC=C2N RCDMUNHSQCVVBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 108091008695 photoreceptors Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003918 triazines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- YATXBNBBTJDTIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1NN[SiH2]OC1 Chemical compound C1NN[SiH2]OC1 YATXBNBBTJDTIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 125000005621 boronate group Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-ALWQSETLSA-N dibenzothiophene Chemical class C1=CC=CC=2[34S]C3=C(C=21)C=CC=C3 IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-ALWQSETLSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 16
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- OIAQMFOKAXHPNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diphenylbenzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 OIAQMFOKAXHPNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- XJKSTNDFUHDPQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=C1 XJKSTNDFUHDPQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QPUYECUOLPXSFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylnaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C)=CC=CC2=C1 QPUYECUOLPXSFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzothiazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC=NC2=C1 IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoquinoline Chemical compound C1=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 4
- GPRIERYVMZVKTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-quaterphenyl Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=C1 GPRIERYVMZVKTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)(C)[O-] MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoranthrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=C22)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetralin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CCCCC2=C1 CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BWHDROKFUHTORW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tritert-butylphosphane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C BWHDROKFUHTORW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CYPYTURSJDMMMP-WVCUSYJESA-N (1e,4e)-1,5-diphenylpenta-1,4-dien-3-one;palladium Chemical compound [Pd].[Pd].C=1C=CC=CC=1\C=C\C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1.C=1C=CC=CC=1\C=C\C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1.C=1C=CC=CC=1\C=C\C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 CYPYTURSJDMMMP-WVCUSYJESA-N 0.000 description 2
- BFIMMTCNYPIMRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,5-tetramethylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=C(C)C(C)=C1 BFIMMTCNYPIMRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CHLICZRVGGXEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Methoxy-4-methylbenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1 CHLICZRVGGXEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LBNXAWYDQUGHGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Phenylheptane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 LBNXAWYDQUGHGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NPDIDUXTRAITDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-3-phenylbenzene Chemical group CC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 NPDIDUXTRAITDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DXYYSGDWQCSKKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbenzothiazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(C)=NC2=C1 DXYYSGDWQCSKKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VQGHOUODWALEFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylpyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 VQGHOUODWALEFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BCHZICNRHXRCHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-oxazine Chemical class N1OC=CC=C1 BCHZICNRHXRCHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7H-purine Chemical compound N1=CNC2=NC=NC2=C1 KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bipyridyl Chemical group N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LTEQMZWBSYACLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hexylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 LTEQMZWBSYACLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PCLIMKBDDGJMGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-bromosuccinimide Chemical compound BrN1C(=O)CCC1=O PCLIMKBDDGJMGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- PWATWSYOIIXYMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 PWATWSYOIIXYMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1 RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001556 benzimidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000005605 benzo group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- XSIFPSYPOVKYCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl benzoate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XSIFPSYPOVKYCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cumene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N decalin Chemical compound C1CCCC2CCCCC21 NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHDVGSVTJDSBDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1COCC1=CC=CC=C1 MHDVGSVTJDSBDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- SQNZJJAZBFDUTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N durene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=C(C)C=C1C SQNZJJAZBFDUTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001194 electroluminescence spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- MTZQAGJQAFMTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl benzoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MTZQAGJQAFMTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YYZUSRORWSJGET-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl octanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC YYZUSRORWSJGET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 description 2
- PQNFLJBBNBOBRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indane Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CCCC2=C1 PQNFLJBBNBOBRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- IVSZLXZYQVIEFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N m-xylene Chemical group CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1 IVSZLXZYQVIEFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- QPJVMBTYPHYUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl benzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QPJVMBTYPHYUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- IFLREYGFSNHWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3C=C21 IFLREYGFSNHWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004001 thioalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007738 vacuum evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002061 vacuum sublimation Methods 0.000 description 1
- PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N vertaline Natural products C1C2C=3C=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=3OC(C=C3)=CC=C3CCC(=O)OC1CC1N2CCCC1 PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
- C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
- C07D403/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D251/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings
- C07D251/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D251/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D251/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to at least one ring carbon atom
- C07D251/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to at least one ring carbon atom to only one ring carbon atom
- C07D251/20—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to at least one ring carbon atom to only one ring carbon atom with no nitrogen atoms directly attached to a ring carbon atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D251/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings
- C07D251/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D251/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D251/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to at least one ring carbon atom
- C07D251/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to at least one ring carbon atom to two ring carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D251/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings
- C07D251/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D251/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D251/26—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hetero atoms directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D251/30—Only oxygen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
- C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
- C07D403/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
- C07D403/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing three or more hetero rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D405/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D405/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D405/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing three or more hetero rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D413/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
- C07D413/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
- C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D471/04—Ortho-condensed systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
- C07D471/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains three hetero rings
- C07D471/14—Ortho-condensed systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
- C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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Abstract
本发明涉及适用于电子器件的化合物,以及含有所述化合物的电子器件、特别是有机电致发光器件。
Description
本发明涉及包含三嗪酮衍生物的电子器件,尤其是有机电致发光器件。
有机电致发光器件(OLED)中使用的发光材料通常是磷光有机金属络合物。一般而言,仍然需要改进OLED,尤其是显示三重态发光(磷光)的OLED,例如在效率、工作电压和寿命方面需要改进。磷光OLED的性能不仅仅取决于所使用的三重态发光体。更特别地是,所使用的其它材料,例如基质材料或电荷传输材料,在此也特别重要。因此,对这些材料的改进也可导致OLED性能的改进。适用于OLED的基质材料是例如芳族内酰胺,如在例如WO 2011/116865、WO 2011/137951或WO 2013/064206中所公开的。
本发明解决的问题是提供适用于OLED中,尤其是在磷光发光体中作为基质材料或作为电子传输材料并导致其中的性能改善的化合物。本发明的另一个目的是提供用于有机电致发光器件的其它有机半导体,从而使本领域技术人员能够对用于生产OLED的材料进行更多可能的选择。
已经发现,令人惊讶的是,该目的通过下文详细描述的非常适合用于OLED中的特定化合物来实现。这些OLED尤其具有长寿命、高效率和低工作电压。因此,本发明提供了这些化合物和包含这些化合物的电子器件,尤其是有机电致发光器件。
本发明提供一种包含至少一种式(1)的化合物的电子器件,
其中所用的符号如下:
Z在每种情况下相同或不同并且是O或S;
A是R或Z;
Rb是Ar或自由电子对;
其中,当A=Z时,由Z表示的氧或硫原子经由双键与碳原子键合,并且Rb是Ar;
此外,当A=R时,Rb是自由电子对,并且A所键合的碳原子与Rb所键合的氮原子之间存在双键;
Ra相同或不同并且是R,或者两个Ra基团与它们结合的氮原子和碳原子一起形成下列式(2)、(3)和(4)之一的基团:
其中虚线键在每种情况下指示式(1)内的键联;
X在每种情况下相同或不同并且是CR或N;或者两个相邻的X基团是下列式(5)或(6)的基团:
其中虚线键指示这种基团在式(2)、式(3)或式(4)中的键联;
Y在每种情况下相同或不同并且是CR或N;
W在每种情况下相同或不同并且是NAr、O、S或C(R)2;
Ar在每种情况下相同或不同并且是具有5至40个芳族环原子并且可被一个或多个R基团取代的芳族或杂芳族环系;
R在每种情况下相同或不同并且是H,D,F,Cl,Br,I,N(Ar')2,N(R1)2,OAr',SAr',CN,NO2,OR1,SR1,COOR1,C(=O)N(R1)2,Si(R1)3,B(OR1)2,C(=O)R1,P(=O)(R1)2,S(=O)R1,S(=O)2R1,OSO2R1,具有1至20个碳原子的直链烷基基团,或具有2至20个碳原子的烯基或炔基基团,或具有3至20个碳原子的支链或环状的烷基基团,其中所述烷基、烯基或炔基基团在每种情况下可被一个或多个R1基团取代,其中一个或多个非相邻的CH2基团可被Si(R1)2、C=O、NR1、O、S或CONR1代替,或具有5至60个芳族环原子、优选5至40个芳族环原子并且在每种情况下可被一个或多个R1基团取代的芳族或杂芳族环系;同时,两个R基团一起也可形成脂族、杂脂族、芳族或杂芳族的环系;
Ar'在每种情况下相同或不同并且是具有5至40个芳族环原子并且可被一个或多个R1基团取代的芳族或杂芳族环系;
R1在每种情况下相同或不同并且是H,D,F,Cl,Br,I,N(R2)2,CN,NO2,OR2,SR2,Si(R2)3,B(OR2)2,C(=O)R2,P(=O)(R2)2,S(=O)R2,S(=O)2R2,OSO2R2,具有1至20个碳原子的直链烷基基团,或具有2至20个碳原子的烯基或炔基基团,或具有3至20个碳原子的支链或环状的烷基基团,其中所述烷基、烯基或炔基基团可各自被一个或多个R2基团取代,其中一个或多个非相邻的CH2基团可被Si(R2)2、C=O、NR2、O、S或CONR2代替,并且其中所述烷基、烯基或炔基基团中的一个或多个氢原子可被D、F、Cl、Br、I或CN代替,或具有5至40个芳族环原子并且在每种情况下可被一个或多个R2基团取代的芳族或杂芳族环系;同时,两个或更多个R1基团一起可形成脂族环系;
R2在每种情况下相同或不同并且是H,D,F,CN,或具有1至20个碳原子的脂族、芳族或杂芳族有机基团,尤其是烃基基团,其中一个或多个氢原子也可被F代替。
如果两个相邻的X基团是式(5)和(6)之一,则式(2)和(4)中的其余X基团相同或不同并且是CR或N。另外,在式(2)或(4)中可行的是,两个相邻对X中的每一者是式(5)或(6)的基团,使得式(2)或(4)的基团在每种情况下也可含有两个式(5)或(6)的基团。
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中,式(1)的化合物含有至少一个取代基Ar,或者它含有至少一个是芳族或杂芳族环系的取代基R。
在本发明上下文中的芳基基团含有6至40个碳原子;在本发明上下文中的杂芳基基团含有2至40个碳原子和至少一个杂原子,条件是碳原子和杂原子的总和为至少5个。所述杂原子优选选自N、O和/或S。此处,芳基基团或杂芳基基团应理解为是指简单的芳族环,即苯,或简单的杂芳族环,例如吡啶、嘧啶、噻吩等,或缩合的(稠合的)芳基或杂芳基基团,例如萘、蒽、菲、喹啉、异喹啉等。相比之下,通过单键彼此连接的芳族体系例如联苯不被称为芳基或杂芳基基团,而是被称为芳族环系。
在本发明上下文中的芳族环系在环系中含有6至60个碳原子、优选6至40个碳原子。在本发明上下文中的杂芳族环系在环系中含有2至60个碳原子、优选2至40个碳原子和至少一个杂原子,条件是碳原子和杂原子的总和为至少5个。所述杂原子优选选自N、O和/或S。在本发明上下文中的芳族或杂芳族环系应理解为是指以下体系:不必仅含有芳基或杂芳基基团,而是其中两个或更多个芳基或杂芳基基团还可以通过非芳族单元例如碳、氮或氧原子连接。这些同样应理解为是指其中两个或更多个芳基或杂芳基基团直接彼此连接的体系,例如联苯、三联苯、联吡啶或苯基吡啶。例如,诸如芴、9,9'-螺二芴、9,9-二芳基芴、三芳基胺、二芳基醚、茋等的体系也应被视为在本发明上下文中的芳族环系,以及其中两个或更多个芳基基团例如通过短的烷基基团连接的体系同样如此。优选的芳族或杂芳族环系是简单的芳基或杂芳基基团以及其中两个或更多个芳基或杂芳基基团直接彼此连接的基团,例如联苯或联吡啶,以及芴或螺二芴。
在本发明的上下文中,术语“烷基基团”用作直链和支链的烷基基团和环状的烷基基团的总括性术语。类似地,术语“烯基基团”和“炔基基团”用作直链或支链的烯基或炔基基团和环状的烯基或炔基基团的总括性术语。
在本发明的上下文中,可以含有1至40个碳原子并且其中个别氢原子或CH2基团还可被上述基团取代的脂族烃基或烷基基团或烯基或炔基基团优选应理解为是指例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、2-甲基丁基、正戊基、仲戊基、新戊基、环戊基、正己基、新己基、环己基、正庚基、环庚基、正辛基、环辛基、2-乙基己基、三氟甲基、五氟乙基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、乙烯基、丙烯基、丁烯基、戊烯基、环戊烯基、己烯基、环己烯基、庚烯基、环庚烯基、辛烯基、环辛烯基、乙炔基、丙炔基、丁炔基、戊炔基、己炔基、庚炔基或辛炔基基团。具有1至40个碳原子的烷氧基基团OR1优选应理解为是指甲氧基、三氟甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、异丙氧基、正丁氧基、异丁氧基、仲丁氧基、叔丁氧基、正戊氧基、仲戊氧基、2-甲基丁氧基、正己氧基、环己氧基、正庚氧基、环庚氧基、正辛氧基、环辛氧基、2-乙基己氧基、五氟乙氧基和2,2,2-三氟乙氧基。具有1至40个碳原子的硫代烷基基团SR1应理解为尤其是指甲硫基、乙硫基、正丙硫基、异丙硫基、正丁硫基、异丁硫基、仲丁硫基、叔丁硫基、正戊硫基、仲戊硫基、正己硫基、环己硫基、正庚硫基、环庚硫基、正辛硫基、环辛硫基、2-乙基己硫基、三氟甲硫基、五氟乙硫基、2,2,2-三氟乙硫基、乙烯硫基、丙烯硫基、丁烯硫基、戊烯硫基、环戊烯硫基、己烯硫基、环己烯硫基、庚烯硫基、环庚烯硫基、辛烯硫基、环辛烯硫基、乙炔硫基、丙炔硫基、丁炔硫基、戊炔硫基、己炔硫基、庚炔硫基或辛炔硫基。一般来说,根据本发明的烷基、烷氧基或硫代烷基基团可以是直链、支链或环状的,其中一个或多个非相邻的CH2基团可被上述基团代替;此外,一个或多个氢原子也可被D、F、Cl、Br、I、CN或NO2代替,优选被F、Cl或CN代替,更优选被F或CN代替。
具有5-60个芳族环原子并且在每种情况下还可被上述R2基团或烃基基团取代并且可经由任何希望的位置与所述芳族或杂芳族体系连接的芳族或杂芳族环系应理解为尤其是指衍生自如下物质的基团:苯、萘、蒽、苯并蒽、菲、芘、苣、苝、荧蒽、并四苯、并五苯、苯并芘、联苯、联二苯叉、三联苯、联三苯叉、芴、螺二芴、二氢菲、二氢芘、四氢芘、顺式或反式茚并芴、顺式或反式茚并咔唑、顺式或反式吲哚并咔唑、三聚茚、异三聚茚、螺三聚茚、螺异三聚茚、呋喃、苯并呋喃、异苯并呋喃、二苯并呋喃、噻吩、苯并噻吩、异苯并噻吩、二苯并噻吩、吡咯、吲哚、异吲哚、咔唑、吡啶、喹啉、异喹啉、吖啶、菲啶、苯并-5,6-喹啉、苯并-6,7-喹啉、苯并-7,8-喹啉、吩噻嗪、吩嗪、吡唑、吲唑、咪唑、苯并咪唑、萘并咪唑、菲并咪唑、吡啶并咪唑、吡嗪并咪唑、喹喔啉并咪唑、唑、苯并唑、萘并唑、蒽并唑、菲并唑、异唑、1,2-噻唑、1,3-噻唑、苯并噻唑、哒嗪、六氮杂联三苯叉、苯并哒嗪、嘧啶、苯并嘧啶、喹喔啉、1,5-二氮杂蒽、2,7-二氮杂芘、2,3-二氮杂芘、1,6-二氮杂芘、1,8-二氮杂芘、4,5-二氮杂芘、4,5,9,10-四氮杂苝、吡嗪、吩嗪、吩嗪、吩噻嗪、荧红环、萘啶、氮杂咔唑、苯并咔啉、菲咯啉、1,2,3-三唑、1,2,4-三唑、苯并三唑、1,2,3-二唑、1,2,4-二唑、1,2,5-二唑、1,3,4-二唑、1,2,3-噻二唑、1,2,4-噻二唑、1,2,5-噻二唑、1,3,4-噻二唑、1,3,5-三嗪、1,2,4-三嗪、1,2,3-三嗪、四唑、1,2,4,5-四嗪、1,2,3,4-四嗪、1,2,3,5-四嗪、嘌呤、蝶啶、吲哚嗪和苯并噻二唑,或衍生自这些体系的组合的基团。
在本说明书的上下文中,两个或更多个基团一起可形成脂族环的措词应理解为尤其是指,所述两个基团通过化学键彼此连接并在形式上消除两个氢原子。这通过以下方案说明:
然而,此外,上述措词也应理解为是指,如果两个基团之一是氢,则第二个基团结合至氢原子的键合位置,从而成环。这将通过以下方案说明:
A和Rb基团的选择产生下列式(7)和(8)的化合物:
其中使用的符号具有上文给出的定义。
在上文和下文详述的化合物的一个优选实施方式中,Z是O,因此优选的式(7)化合物是下式(7a)的化合物并且优选的式(8)化合物是下式(8a)的化合物:
其中使用的符号具有上文给出的定义。
在一个实施方式中,两个Ra基团与它们结合的氮原子和碳原子一起形成式(2)、(3)或(4)的基团。在此,对于式(2),优选不超过一个X基团是N。更优选地,所有X相同或不同并且是CR,或者两个相邻的X是式(5)或(6)的基团并且其余的X在每种情况下相同或不同并且是CR。对于式(3),另外优选两个X相同或不同并且是CR,或者两个X一起是式(5)的基团。对于式(4),另外优选不超过一个X基团是N并且其余的X相同或不同并且是CR或式(5)或(6)的基团。在式(4)中,当X基团是N时,其优选为五元环中的X基团。另外优选的是,在式(4)中,六元环中的两个X基团一起是式(5)或(6)的基团。
在这种情况下,在式(5)和(6)中,优选不超过一个Y基团是N。更优选地,所有Y基团在每种情况下相同或不同并且是CR。
式(2)的优选实施方式是下列式(2a)至(2m)的基团:
其中使用的符号具有上文给出的定义,并且虚线键在每种情况下指示式(1)内的键联。
式(2a)、(2b)和(2g)的优选实施方式是下列式(2a-1)、(2b-1)和(2g-1)的结构:
其中使用的符号具有上文给出的定义。
式(3)的优选实施方式是下列式(3a)和(3b)的基团:
其中使用的符号具有上文给出的定义,并且虚线键在每种情况下指示式(1)内的键联。
式(3b)的优选实施方式是下式(3b-1)的结构:
其中使用的符号具有上文给出的定义。
式(4)的优选实施方式是下列式(4a)至(4k)的结构:
其中使用的符号具有上文给出的定义,并且虚线键在每种情况下指示式(1)内的键联。
式(4a)、(4b)、(4c)、(4d)和(4e)的优选实施方式是下列式(4a-1)、(4b-1)、(4c-1)、(4d-1)和(4e-1)的结构:
其中使用的符号具有上文给出的定义。
在本发明的另一个优选实施方式中,W在每种情况下相同或不同并且是NAr、O或S。
在此,式(7)和(8)的结构可以根据需要与式(2a)至(2m)、(3a)、(3b)和(4a)至(4k)的结构组合。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,两个Ra基团在每种情况下相同或不同并且是R,使得所述化合物是下列式(7-1)和(8-1)的化合物:
其中使用的符号具有上文给出的定义,其中Z优选是O。
在本发明的另一个实施方式中,Ra基团是式(2)、(3)或(4)的基团,并且式(7)的化合物是下列式(7-2)至(7-9)的化合物:
其中符号具有上文给出的定义。
式(7-1)至(7-9)的结构的优选实施方式是下列式(7-1a)至(7-9a)的结构:
其中符号具有上文给出的定义。
如果Ra基团是式(2)、(3)或(4)的基团,则式(8)的优选实施方式是下列式(8-2)至(8-11)的化合物:
其中符号具有上文给出的定义。
式(8-1)至(8-11)的结构的优选实施方式是下列式(8-1a)至(8-11a)的结构:
其中符号具有上文给出的定义。
这里特别优选式(7-1a)、(7-2a)、(7-4a)、(7-5a)、(7-7a)、(7-9a)、(8-1a)、(8-2a)、(8-7a)、(8-8a)和(8-9a)的结构。
下面描述本发明化合物中优选的取代基Ar、R、Ar'、R1和R2。在本发明的一个特别优选的实施方式中,下文对Ar、R、Ar'、R1和R2指定的优选特征同时出现并且适用于式(1)的结构和以上详述的所有优选实施方式。
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中,在式(1)中,当A=R时,该R基团是具有5至40个芳族环原子并且可被一个或多个R1基团取代的芳族或杂芳族环系。相应地,优选地,式(8)和(8-1)至(8-11)中明确示出的与三嗪酮键合的R基团是具有5至40个芳族环原子并且可被一个或多个R1基团取代的芳族或杂芳族环系。
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中,Ar在每种情况下相同或不同并且是具有6至30个芳族环原子并且可被一个或多个R基团取代的芳族或杂芳族环系。更优选地,Ar在每种情况下相同或不同并且是具有6至24个芳族环原子、尤其是6至13个芳族环原子并且可被一个或多个优选非芳族的R基团取代的芳族或杂芳族环系。当Ar是杂芳基基团,尤其是三嗪、嘧啶、喹唑啉或咔唑时,还可以优选该杂芳基基团上的芳族或杂芳族取代基R。还优选的是Ar被N(Ar')2基团取代,使得Ar取代基总体上构成三芳基胺或三杂芳基胺基团。
合适的芳族或杂芳族环系Ar在每种情况下相同或不同并且选自苯基,联苯基,尤其是邻位、间位或对位联苯基,三联苯基,尤其是邻位、间位或对位三联苯基或支链三联苯基,四联苯基,尤其是邻位、间位或对位四联苯基或支链四联苯基,可经由1位、2位、3位或4位连接的芴,可经由1位、2位、3位或4位连接的螺二芴,可经由1位或2位连接的萘,吲哚,苯并呋喃,苯并噻吩,可经由1位、2位、3位或4位连接的咔唑,可经由1位、2位、3位或4位连接的二苯并呋喃,可经由1位、2位、3位或4位连接的二苯并噻吩,茚并咔唑,吲哚并咔唑,吡啶,嘧啶,吡嗪,哒嗪,三嗪,喹啉,喹唑啉,苯并咪唑,菲,联三苯叉,或这些基团中的两个或三个的组合,所述基团中的每个可被一个或多个R基团、优选非芳族R基团取代。当Ar是杂芳基基团,尤其是三嗪、嘧啶、喹唑啉或咔唑时,还可以优选该杂芳基基团上的芳族或杂芳族R基团。
此处Ar优选在每种情况下相同或不同并且选自下列式Ar-1至Ar-83的基团:
其中R具有上文给出的定义,虚线键表示与氮原子连接的键,并且此外:
Ar1在每种情况下相同或不同并且是具有6至18个芳族环原子并且在每种情况下可被一个或多个R基团取代的二价芳族或杂芳族环系;
A1在每种情况下相同或不同并且是NR、O、S或C(R)2;
n是0或1,其中n=0表示没有A1基团键合在该位置,而R基团键合到相应的碳原子;
m是0或1,其中m=0表示Ar4基团不存在并且相应的芳族或杂芳族基团直接与氮原子键合。
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中,R在每种情况下相同或不同并且选自H,D,F,N(Ar')2,CN,OR1,具有1至10个碳原子的直链烷基基团,或具有2至10个碳原子的烯基基团,或具有3至10个碳原子的支链或环状的烷基基团,其中所述烷基或烯基基团可各自被一个或多个R1基团取代,但优选未被取代,并且其中一个或多个非相邻的CH2基团可被O代替,或具有6至30个芳族环原子并且在每种情况下可被一个或多个R1基团取代的芳族或杂芳族环系;同时,两个R基团一起也可形成脂族、芳族或杂芳族的环系。更优选地,R在每种情况下相同或不同并且选自H,N(Ar')2,具有1至6个碳原子,尤其是具有1、2、3或4个碳原子的直链烷基基团,或具有3至6个碳原子的支链或环状的烷基基团,其中所述烷基基团在每种情况下可被一个或多个R1基团取代,但优选未被取代,或具有6至24个芳族环原子并且在每种情况下可被一个或多个R1基团、优选非芳族R1基团取代的芳族或杂芳族环系。最优选地,R在每种情况下相同或不同并且选自H或具有6至24个芳族环原子并且在每种情况下可被一个或多个R1基团、优选非芳族R1基团取代的芳族或杂芳族环系。另外可以优选的是,R是可被一个或多个R1基团取代的三芳基-或-杂芳基胺基团。该基团是芳族或杂芳族环系的一个实施方式,在这种情况下两个或更多个芳基或杂芳基基团通过氮原子彼此连接。当R是三芳基-或-杂芳基胺基团时,该基团优选具有18至30个芳族环原子并且可被一个或多个R1基团、优选非芳族R1基团取代。
在本发明的另一个优选实施方式中,Ar'是具有6至30个芳族环原子并且可被一个或多个R1基团取代的芳族或杂芳族环系。在本发明的一个特别优选的实施方式中,Ar'是具有6至24个芳族环原子、尤其是6至13个芳族环原子并且可被一个或多个优选非芳族的R1基团取代的芳族或杂芳族环系。
合适的芳族或杂芳族环系R或Ar'选自苯基,联苯基,尤其是邻位、间位或对位联苯基,三联苯基,尤其是邻位、间位或对位三联苯基或支链三联苯基,四联苯基,尤其是邻位、间位或对位四联苯基或支链四联苯基,可经由1位、2位、3位或4位连接的芴,可经由1位、2位、3位或4位连接的螺二芴,可经由1位或2位连接的萘,吲哚,苯并呋喃,苯并噻吩,可经由1位、2位、3位或4位连接的咔唑,可经由1位、2位、3位或4位连接的二苯并呋喃,可经由1位、2位、3位或4位连接的二苯并噻吩,茚并咔唑,吲哚并咔唑,吡啶,嘧啶,吡嗪,哒嗪,三嗪,喹啉,喹唑啉,苯并咪唑,菲,联三苯叉,或这些基团中的两个或三个的组合,所述基团中的每个可被一个或多个R1基团取代。当R或Ar'是杂芳基基团,尤其是三嗪、嘧啶、喹唑啉或咔唑时,也可优选该杂芳基基团上的芳族或杂芳族R1基团。
此处R基团(当它们是芳族或杂芳族环系时)或Ar'优选选自下列式R-1至R-83的基团:
其中R1具有上文给出的定义,虚线键表示与式(1)、(2)和(3)中或优选实施方式中的基础骨架的碳原子连接的键,或者与N(Ar')2基团中的氮原子连接的键,并且此外:
Ar1在每种情况下相同或不同并且是具有6至18个芳族环原子并且在每种情况下可被一个或多个R1基团取代的二价芳族或杂芳族环系;
A1在每种情况下相同或不同并且是C(R1)2、NR1、O或S;
n是0或1,其中n=0表示没有A1基团键合在该位置,而R1基团键合到相应的碳原子;
m是0或1,其中m=0表示Ar4基团不存在并且相应的芳族或杂芳族基团直接键合到式(1)中或优选实施方式中的基础骨架的碳原子,或键合到N(Ar')2基团中的氮原子;条件是当这些基团是Ar'的实施方式时,对于结构(R-12)、(R-17)、(R-21)、(R-25)、(R-26)、(R-30)、(R-34)、(R-38)和(R-39),m=1。
当上述用于Ar的Ar-1至Ar-83基团和用于R或Ar'的R-1至R-83基团具有两个或更多个A1基团时,这些的可能选择包括来自A1定义的所有组合。在这种情况下,优选的实施方式是其中一个A1基团是NR或NR1并且另一个A1基团是C(R)2或C(R1)2或者其中两个A1基团都是NR或NR1或者其中两个A1基团都是O的实施方式。在本发明的一个特别优选的实施方式中,在具有两个或更多个A1基团的Ar、R或Ar'基团中,至少一个A1基团是C(R)2或C(R1)2或者是NR或NR1。
当A1是NR或NR1时,与氮原子键合的取代基R或R1优选是具有5至24个芳族环原子并且也可被一个或多个R1或R2基团取代的芳族或杂芳族环系。在一个特别优选的实施方式中,该R或R1取代基在每种情况下相同或不同,并且是芳族或杂芳族环系,所述芳族或杂芳族环系具有6至24个芳族环原子、优选6至12个芳族环原子并且不具有其中两个或更多个芳族或杂芳族6元环基团直接彼此稠合的任何稠合芳基基团或杂芳基基团,并且其在每种情况下也可被一个或多个R1或R2基团取代。特别优选具有如上文针对Ar-1至Ar-11或R-1至R-11所列的键合模式的苯基、联苯基、三联苯基和四联苯基,其中这些结构可被一个或多个R1或R2基团取代,但优选未被取代。
当A1是C(R)2或C(R1)2时,与该碳原子键合的取代基R或R1优选在每种情况下相同或不同,并且是具有1至10个碳原子的直链烷基基团,或具有3至10个碳原子的支链或环状的烷基基团,或具有5至24个芳族环原子并且也可被一个或多个R1或R2基团取代的芳族或杂芳族环系。最优选地,R或R1是甲基基团或苯基基团。在这种情况下,R或R1基团一起也可形成环系,从而产生螺环系。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,至少一个R基团是富电子杂芳族环系。该富电子杂芳族环系优选选自上述R-13至R-42基团,其中,在R-13至R-16、R-18至R-20、R-22至R-24、R-27至R-29、R-31至R-33和R-35至R-37基团中,至少一个A1基团是NR1,其中R1优选是芳族或杂芳族环系,尤其是芳族环系。特别优选R-15基团,其中m=0并且A1=NR1。
在本发明的另一个实施方式中,至少一个R基团是缺电子杂芳族环系。该缺电子杂芳族环系优选选自上述R-47至R-50、R-57、R-58和R-76至R-83基团。
在本发明的另一个实施方式中,Ar是缺电子杂芳族环系。该缺电子杂芳族环系优选选自上述Ar-47至Ar-50、Ar-57、Ar-58和Ar-76至Ar-83基团。
在本发明的另一个优选实施方式中,R1在每种情况下相同或不同并且选自H,D,F,CN,OR2,具有1至10个碳原子的直链烷基基团,或具有2至10个碳原子的烯基基团,或具有3至10个碳原子的支链或环状的烷基基团,其中所述烷基或烯基基团在每种情况下可被一个或多个R2基团取代,并且其中一个或多个非相邻的CH2基团可被O代替,或具有6至30个芳族环原子并且在每种情况下可被一个或多个R2基团取代的芳族或杂芳族环系;同时,两个或更多个R1基团一起可形成脂族环系。在本发明的一个特别优选的实施方式中,R1在每种情况下相同或不同并且选自H,具有1至6个碳原子,尤其是具有1、2、3或4个碳原子的直链烷基基团,或具有3至6个碳原子的支链或环状的烷基基团,其中所述烷基基团可被一个或多个R2基团取代,但优选未被取代,或具有6至24个芳族环原子并且在每种情况下可被一个或多个R2基团取代但优选未被取代的芳族或杂芳族环系。
在本发明的另一个优选实施方式中,R2在每种情况下相同或不同并且是H,F,具有1至4个碳原子的烷基基团或具有6至10个碳原子的芳基基团,所述基团可被具有1至4个碳原子的烷基基团取代,但优选未被取代。
其它合适的Ar、R或Ar'基团是式-Ar4-N(Ar2)(Ar3)的基团,其中Ar2、Ar3和Ar4在每种情况下相同或不同并且是5至24个芳族环原子并且在每种情况下可被一个或多个R或R1基团取代的芳族或杂芳族环系。当Ar基团被N(Ar')2基团取代时,Ar产生这样的基团。此处Ar2、Ar3和Ar4中的芳族环原子总数不超过60个并且优选不超过40个。
在这种情况下,Ar4和Ar2也可彼此键合和/或Ar2和Ar3经由选自C(R1)2、NR1、O或S的基团彼此键合。优选地,Ar4和Ar2彼此连接并且Ar2和Ar3在与氮原子的键合的相应邻位上彼此连接。在本发明的另一个实施方式中,Ar2、Ar3和Ar4基团中没有一个基团彼此键合。
优选地,Ar4是具有6至24个芳族环原子,尤其是6至12个芳族环原子并且在每种情况下可被一个或多个R1基团取代的芳族或杂芳族环系。更优选地,Ar4选自邻位、间位或对位苯亚基或者邻位、间位或对位联苯基,所述基团中的每个可被一个或多个R1基团取代,但优选未被取代。最优选地,Ar4是未被取代的苯亚基基团。当Ar4经由单键与Ar2键合时尤其如此。
优选地,Ar2和Ar3在每种情况下相同或不同并且是具有6至24个芳族环原子并且在每种情况下可被一个或多个R1基团取代的芳族或杂芳族环系。特别优选的Ar2和Ar3基团在每种情况下相同或不同并且选自苯,邻位、间位或对位联苯基,邻位、间位或对位三联苯基或支链的三联苯基,邻位、间位或对位四联苯基或支链的四联苯基,1-芴基、2-芴基、3-芴基或4-芴基,1-螺二芴基、2-螺二芴基、3-螺二芴基或4-螺二芴基,1-萘基或2-萘基,吲哚,苯并呋喃,苯并噻吩,1-咔唑、2-咔唑、3-咔唑或4-咔唑,1-二苯并呋喃、2-二苯并呋喃、3-二苯并呋喃或4-二苯并呋喃,1-二苯并噻吩、2-二苯并噻吩、3-二苯并噻吩或4-二苯并噻吩,茚并咔唑,吲哚并咔唑,2-吡啶、3-吡啶或4-吡啶,2-嘧啶、4-嘧啶或5-嘧啶,吡嗪,哒嗪,三嗪,菲,三联苯叉,或这些基团中的两个、三个或四个的组合,所述基团中的每个可被一个或多个R1基团取代。更优选地,Ar2和Ar3在每种情况下相同或不同并且是具有6至24个芳族环原子并且可被一个或多个R1基团取代的芳族环系,尤其是选自苯,联苯基,尤其是邻位、间位或对位联苯基,三联苯基,尤其是邻位、间位或对位三联苯基或支链的三联苯基,四联苯基,尤其是邻位、间位或对位四联苯基或支链的四联苯基,芴,尤其是1-芴、2-芴、3-芴或4-芴,或螺二芴,尤其是1-螺二芴、2-螺二芴、3-螺二芴或4-螺二芴。
同时,通过真空蒸发加工的本发明化合物中的烷基基团优选具有不超过五个碳原子,更优选不超过4个碳原子,最优选不超过1个碳原子。对于从溶液加工的化合物,合适的化合物也是被具有至多10个碳原子的烷基基团、特别是支链的烷基基团取代的化合物,或者被低聚芳亚基基团例如邻位、间位或对位三联苯基或支链的三联苯基或四联苯基基团取代的化合物。
当式(1)或优选实施方式的化合物用作磷光发光体的基质材料或用于与磷光层直接邻接的层中时,还优选的是所述化合物不含其中超过两个的六元环直接彼此稠合的任何稠合芳基或杂芳基基团。特别优选Ar、R、Ar'、R1和R2基团不含其中两个或更多个六元环直接彼此稠合的任何稠合芳基或杂芳基基团。其中一个例外是由菲、联三苯叉和喹唑啉形成,由于它们的高三重态能量,尽管存在稠合芳族六元环,但它们可以是优选的。
在权利要求1中限定的限制范围内,上述优选实施方式可以根据需要彼此组合。在本发明的一个特别优选实施方式中,上述优选特征同时出现。
根据上述详细实施方式的合适化合物的实例是下表中详述的化合物:
本发明化合物的基本结构在文献中是已知的。这些可以通过以下方案中概述的路线进行制备和官能化。
方案1
方案2
方案3
方案4
方案5
方案6
方案7
方案8
为了从液相加工式(1)或优选实施方式的化合物,例如通过旋涂或通过印刷方法加工,需要本发明的化合物的制剂。这些制剂可以是例如溶液、分散体或乳液。为此目的,可优选使用两种或更多种溶剂的混合物。合适且优选的溶剂例如是甲苯,苯甲醚,邻二甲苯、间二甲苯或对二甲苯,苯甲酸甲酯,均三甲苯,萘满,邻二甲氧基苯,THF,甲基-THF,THP,氯苯,二烷,苯氧基甲苯,尤其是3-苯氧基甲苯,(-)-葑酮,1,2,3,5-四甲基苯,1,2,4,5-四甲基苯,1-甲基萘,2-甲基苯并噻唑,2-苯氧基乙醇,2-吡咯烷酮,3-甲基苯甲醚,4-甲基苯甲醚,3,4-二甲基苯甲醚,3,5-二甲基苯甲醚,苯乙酮,α-萜品醇,苯并噻唑,苯甲酸丁酯,异丙苯,环己醇,环己酮,环己基苯,萘烷,十二烷基苯,苯甲酸乙酯,茚满,NMP,对伞花烃,苯乙醚,1,4-二异丙基苯,二苄醚,二乙二醇丁基甲基醚,三乙二醇丁基甲基醚,二乙二醇二丁基醚,三乙二醇二甲基醚,二乙二醇单丁基醚,三丙二醇二甲基醚,四乙二醇二甲基醚,2-异丙基萘,戊基苯,己基苯,庚基苯,辛基苯,1,1-双(3,4-二甲基苯基)乙烷,2-甲基联苯,3-甲基联苯,1-甲基萘,1-乙基萘,辛酸乙酯,癸二酸二乙酯,辛酸辛酯,庚基苯,异戊酸薄荷酯,己酸环己酯,或这些溶剂的混合物。
根据本发明,式(1)或上述优选实施方式的化合物用于电子器件,尤其是用于有机电致发光器件中。
在本发明上下文中的电子器件是包括至少一个层的器件,所述层包含至少一种有机化合物。该组件还可以包括无机材料或者完全由无机材料形成的层。
所述电子器件优选选自有机电致发光器件(OLED)、有机集成电路(O-IC)、有机场效应晶体管(O-FET)、有机薄膜晶体管(O-TFT)、有机发光晶体管(O-LET)、有机太阳能电池(O-SC)、有机染料敏化太阳能电池(DSSC)、有机光学检测器、有机光感受器、有机场猝熄器件(O-FQD)、发光电化学电池(LEC)、有机激光二极管(O-激光器)和有机等离子体发光器件,但优选有机电致发光器件(OLED),更优选磷光OLED。
所述有机电致发光器件包括阴极、阳极和至少一个发光层。除了这些层之外,它还可以包括另外的层,例如在每种情况下一个或多个空穴注入层、空穴传输层、空穴阻挡层、电子传输层、电子注入层、激子阻挡层、电子阻挡层和/或电荷产生层。同样可以在两个发光层之间引入具有例如激子阻挡功能的中间层。然而,应该指出的是,这些层中的每一个都不一定必须存在。在这种情况下,有机电致发光器件可以含有发光层,或者其可以含有多个发光层。如果存在多个发光层,则这些发光层优选地总共具有多个在380nm与750nm之间的发光最大值,使得总体结果是白色发光;换句话说,可以发荧光或发磷光的各种发光化合物被用于发光层。尤其优选具有三个发光层的体系,其中三个层显示蓝色、绿色和橙色或红色发光。本发明的有机电致发光器件也可是串联OLED,尤其是发白光的OLED。
根据确切结构,根据上述实施方式的化合物可以用于不同的层中。优选如下的有机电致发光器件,其在发光层中包含式(1)或上述优选实施方式的化合物作为磷光发光体或显示TADF(热激活延迟荧光)的发光体、尤其是磷光发光体的基质材料。在这种情况下,有机电致发光器件可含有发光层,或者其可含有多个发光层,其中至少一个发光层含有至少一种本发明化合物作为基质材料。另外,本发明化合物也可用于电子传输层中和/或空穴阻挡层中和/或空穴传输层中和/或激子阻挡层中。
当所述化合物在发光层中用作磷光化合物的基质材料时,其优选与一种或多种磷光材料(三重态发光体)组合使用。在本发明的上下文中,磷光应理解为是指从具有较高自旋多重性的激发态即自旋态>1的发光,尤其是从激发三重态发光。在本申请的上下文中,所有具有过渡金属或镧系元素的发光络合物,尤其是所有铱、铂和铜络合物,都应视为磷光化合物。
基于发光体和基质材料的总混合物,式(1)或优选实施方式的化合物和发光化合物的混合物含有介于99体积%与1体积%之间、优选介于98体积%与10体积%之间、更优选介于97体积%与60体积%之间并且尤其介于95体积%与80体积%之间的式(1)或优选实施方式的化合物。相应地,基于发光体和基质材料的总混合物,所述混合物含有介于1体积%与99体积%之间、优选介于2体积%与90体积%之间、更优选介于3体积%与40体积%之间并且尤其介于5体积%与20体积%之间的发光体。
本发明的另一个优选的实施方式是式(1)或优选实施方式的化合物与另一种基质材料组合用作磷光发光体的基质材料的用途。可以与本发明化合物组合使用的合适的基质材料是例如根据WO 2004/013080、WO 2004/093207、WO 2006/005627或WO 2010/006680的芳族酮,芳族氧化膦或芳族亚砜或砜;三芳基胺,咔唑衍生物,例如CBP(N,N-双咔唑基联苯)或公开于WO 2005/039246、US 2005/0069729、JP2004/288381、EP 1205527、WO 2008/086851或WO 2013/041176中的咔唑衍生物;例如根据WO 2007/063754或WO 2008/056746的吲哚并咔唑衍生物;例如根据WO 2010/136109、WO 2011/000455、WO 2013/041176或WO2013/056776的茚并咔唑衍生物;例如根据EP1617710、EP 1617711、EP 1731584、JP 2005/347160的氮杂咔唑衍生物;例如根据WO 2007/137725的双极性基质材料;例如根据WO2005/111172的硅烷;例如根据WO 2006/117052的氮杂硼杂环戊二烯或硼酸酯;例如根据WO2007/063754、WO 2008/056746、WO 2010/015306、WO 2011/057706、WO 2011/060859或WO2011/060877的三嗪衍生物;例如根据EP 652273或WO 2009/062578的锌络合物;例如根据WO 2010/054729的二氮杂硅杂环戊二烯或四氮杂硅杂环戊二烯衍生物;例如根据WO 2010/054730的二氮杂磷杂环戊二烯衍生物;例如根据WO 2011/042107、WO 2011/060867、WO2011/088877和WO 2012/143080的桥接咔唑衍生物;例如根据WO 2012/048781的联三苯叉衍生物;或例如根据WO 2015/169412、WO 2016/015810、WO2016/023608、WO 2017/148564或WO 2017/148565的二苯并呋喃衍生物。同样,在混合物中还可存在另一种发射波长比实际发光体短的磷光发光体作为共主体,或者不在显著程度上(如果有的话)参与电荷传输的化合物,如在例如WO 2010/108579中所述。
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中,所述材料与另一种基质材料组合使用。式(1)或优选实施方式的化合物是缺电子化合物。因此,优选的共基质材料选自联咔唑、桥接咔唑、三芳基胺、二苯并呋喃-咔唑衍生物或二苯并呋喃-胺衍生物和咔唑胺。
优选的联咔唑是下列式(9)和(10)的结构:
其中R、Ar1和A1具有上文给出的定义。在本发明的一个优选实施方式中,A1是CR2。
式(9)和(10)的化合物的优选实施方式是下列式(9a)和(10a)的化合物:
其中使用的符号具有上文给出的定义。
合适的式(9)和(10)的化合物的实例是下面描绘的化合物:
优选的桥接咔唑是下式(11)的结构:
其中A1和R具有上文给出的定义并且A1优选在每种情况下相同或不同并且选自NAr1和CR2。
优选的二苯并呋喃衍生物是下式(12)的化合物:
其中氧也可被硫代替以形成二苯并噻吩,L是单键或具有5至30个芳族环原子并且也可被一个或多个R基团取代的芳族或杂芳族环系,并且R和Ar1具有上文给出的定义。在此,结合至相同氮原子的两个Ar1基团,或者结合至相同氮原子的一个Ar1基团和一个L基团,可以彼此键合,例如产生咔唑。
合适的二苯并呋喃衍生物的实例是下面描绘的化合物。
优选的咔唑胺是下式(13)、(14)和(15)的结构:
其中L是具有5至30个芳族环原子并且可被一个或多个R基团取代的芳族或杂芳族环系,并且R和Ar1具有上文给出的定义。
合适的咔唑胺衍生物的实例是下面描绘的化合物。
合适的磷光化合物(=三重态发光体)尤其是如下的化合物,其在适当激发时发光,优选在可见区发光并且还含有至少一种原子序数大于20、优选大于38且小于84、更优选大于56且小于80的原子,尤其是具有该原子序数的金属。所用的优选磷光发光体是含有铜、钼、钨、铼、钌、锇、铑、铱、钯、铂、银、金或铕的化合物,尤其是含有铱或铂的化合物。
上述发光体的实例可见于申请WO 00/70655、WO 2001/41512、WO 2002/02714、WO2002/15645、EP 1191613、EP 1191612、EP 1191614、WO 05/033244、WO 05/019373、US2005/0258742、WO 2009/146770、WO 2010/015307、WO 2010/031485、WO 2010/054731、WO2010/054728、WO 2010/086089、WO 2010/099852、WO 2010/102709、WO 2011/032626、WO2011/066898、WO 2011/157339、WO 2012/007086、WO 2014/008982、WO 2014/023377、WO2014/094961、WO 2014/094960、WO 2015/036074、WO 2015/104045、WO 2015/117718、WO2016/015815、WO 2016/124304、WO 2017/032439、WO 2018/011186和WO 2018/041769、WO2019/020538、WO 2018/178001、WO 2019/115423,以及尚未公布的专利申请EP 18156388.3中。一般来说,根据现有技术用于磷光OLED的和在有机电致发光领域中的技术人员所知的所有磷光络合物都是合适的,并且本领域技术人员将能够在不付出创造性劳动的情况下使用另外的磷光络合物。
下文列出磷光掺杂剂的实例。
在本发明的有机电致发光器件的另外的层中,可以使用根据现有技术通常使用的任何材料。因此,本领域技术人员将能够在不付出创造性劳动的情况下,将用于有机电致发光器件的已知的任何材料与式(1)或上述优选实施方式的化合物组合使用。
另外优选的是一种有机电致发光器件,其特征在于通过升华工艺涂覆一个或多个层。在这种情况下,在真空升华系统中在小于10-5毫巴、优选小于10-6毫巴的初始压力下,通过气相沉积施加所述材料。然而,所述初始压力也可能更低,例如小于10-7毫巴。
同样优选的是一种有机电致发光器件,其特征在于通过OVPD(有机气相沉积)方法或借助于载气升华来涂覆一个或多个层。在这种情况下,在介于10-5毫巴与1巴之间的压力下施加所述材料。这种方法的特例是OVJP(有机蒸气喷印)方法,其中所述材料通过喷嘴直接施加并且因此是结构化的。
另外优选的是一种有机电致发光器件,其特征在于从溶液中例如通过旋涂,或通过任何印刷方法例如丝网印刷、柔性版印刷、平版印刷、LITI(光引发热成像、热转印)、喷墨印刷或喷嘴印刷,来产生一个或多个层。对于这个目的,需要可溶性的化合物,其例如通过合适的取代获得。
此外,混合方法也是可以的,其中例如从溶液施加一个或多个层,并且通过气相沉积施加一个或多个另外的层。
这些方法是本领域技术人员一般已知的,并且可以由本领域技术人员在不付出创造性劳动的情况下应用于包含式(1)的化合物的有机电致发光器件。
在所述取代基之一中含有至少一个二苯并呋喃、二苯并噻吩或咔唑基基团的式(1)的化合物是新颖的。
因此,本发明还提供式(1')的化合物,
其中使用的符号具有上文给出的定义,其特征在于所述化合物在取代基Ar或R中的至少一者中含有杂芳基基团或杂芳族环系。此处的杂芳基基团优选选自二苯并呋喃、二苯并噻吩和咔唑。
上文详述的式(1)的化合物的优选实施方式在此同样也适用于式(1')。
此处优选的杂芳基基团是上文所示的Ar-12至Ar-42、Ar-47至Ar-68、Ar-76至Ar-83、R-12至R-42、R-47至R-68和R-76至R-83基团。
本发明的材料和本发明的有机电致发光器件相比于现有技术的突出之处在于以下令人惊讶的优点中的一个或多个:
1.含有式(1)或(1')的化合物作为磷光发光体的基质材料的OLED导致长寿命。
2.含有式(1)或(1')的化合物的OLED导致高效率。当所述化合物用作磷光发光体的基质材料时尤其如此。
3.含有式(1)或(1')的化合物的OLED导致低工作电压。当所述化合物用作磷光发光体的基质材料时尤其如此。
通过以下实施例更详细地说明本发明,而无意于限制本发明。本领域技术人员将能够在所公开的整个范围内使用给出的信息来实施本发明以及在不付出创造性劳动的情况下生产另外的本发明电子器件。
实施例:
除非另有说明,否则随后的合成在保护性气体气氛下在干燥溶剂中进行。溶剂和试剂可以购自例如Sigma-ALDRICH或ABCR。对于从文献已知的化合物,在每种情况下也报告了相应的CAS编号。
合成例
a)1-(4-溴苯基)-4,6-二苯基-1,3,5-三嗪-2-酮
在0℃下在避光下向48.8g(150mmol)的1,4,6-三苯基-1,3,5-三嗪-2-酮于氯仿(900ml)中的溶液中以多份加入N-溴代琥珀酰亚胺(26.6g,150mmol),并且将混合物在该温度下搅拌2小时。通过加入亚硫酸钠溶液终止反应并将混合物在室温下再搅拌30分钟。相分离后,用水洗涤有机相并且用二氯甲烷萃取水相。合并的有机相经硫酸钠干燥并减压浓缩。将残余物溶解在甲苯中并通过硅胶过滤。随后,使粗产物从甲苯/庚烷中重结晶。产率:45g(112mmol),理论值的75%,无色固体。
可以类似地获得下列化合物:
b)1-[4-(9,9-二甲基芴-2-基)苯基]-4,6-二苯基-1,3,5-三嗪-2-酮
将62.8g(155mmol)的1-(4-溴苯基)-4,6-二苯基-1,3,5-三嗪-2-酮、41g(172mmol)的9,9-二甲基-9H-芴-2-硼酸和36g(340mmol)的碳酸钠悬浮在1000ml乙二醇二甲醚和280ml水中。向该悬浮液中加入1.8g(1.5mmol)的四(三苯基膦)钯(0),并且将反应混合物加热回流16小时。冷却后,除去有机相,通过硅胶过滤,然后浓缩至干。产物经由硅胶柱色谱法用甲苯/庚烷(1:2)纯化,最后在高真空(p=5×10-7毫巴)下升华(99.9%纯度)。产率为57g(112mmol),相当于理论值的72%。
以类似方式制备下列化合物:
c)7,9-双(4-二苯并呋喃-4-基苯基)-3-苯基吡啶并[1,2-a][1,3,5]三嗪-2,4-二酮
将25.8g(40mmol)的6-苯基-1H-喹唑啉-2,4-二酮、61.2g(85mmol)的4-碘苯、44.7g(320mmol)的碳酸钾、3g(16mmol)的碘化铜(I)和3.6g(16mmol)的1,3-二(吡啶-2-基)丙烷-1,3-二酮在150℃下在100ml DMF中搅拌30小时。溶液用水稀释并用乙酸乙酯萃取两次。合并的有机相经Na2SO4干燥并通过旋转蒸发浓缩。残余物通过色谱法纯化(EtOAc/己烷:2/3)。使残余物从甲苯中重结晶,最后在高真空下升华(p=5×10-5毫巴)。纯度为99.9%。产率为20.8g(28.8mmol);理论值的72%。
以类似方式制备下列化合物:
e)2-苯基-7-[3-(9-苯基咔唑-3-基)咔唑-9-基]吡啶并[1,2-a][1,3,5]三嗪-4-酮
在氩气气氛下将20.4g(50mmol)的9-苯基-3,3'-联-9H-咔唑和17.1g(50mmol)的7-溴-2-苯基吡啶并[1,2-a][1,3,5]三嗪-4-酮溶解在400ml甲苯中。在氩气气氛下加入1.0g(5mmol)的三叔丁基膦并搅拌混合物。在氩气气氛下加入0.6g(2mmol)的Pd(OAc)2并搅拌混合物,然后加入9.5g(99mmol)的叔丁醇钠。将反应混合物在回流下搅拌24小时。冷却后,分离有机相,用200ml水洗涤三次,经MgSO4干燥并过滤,并且减压除去溶剂。残余物通过使用硅胶的柱色谱法纯化(洗脱液:DCM/庚烷(1:3))。残余物经受甲苯热萃取并且从甲苯/正庚烷中重结晶,最后在高真空下升华。产率为28.4g(42mmol),相当于理论值的85%。
可以类似地制备下列化合物:
向20g(50mmol)的3-溴-4-(2-溴苯基)二苯并呋喃中加入500ml甲苯、2.3g(2.5mmol)的三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0)、10ml的1M t-Bu3P的甲苯溶液和11.5g(120mmol)的叔丁醇钠。随后,加入8.8g(40mmol)的2-氨基-[1,3,5]三嗪并[2,1-b][1,3]苯并唑-4-酮。将混合物加热至110℃保持20小时,然后冷却至室温,并且加入400ml水。用乙酸乙酯萃取混合物,然后合并的有机相经硫酸钠干燥并减压浓缩。使残余物从甲苯和二氯甲烷/异丙醇中重结晶,最后在高真空下升华。纯度为99.9%。产率为10.6g(24.5mmol),相当于理论值的49%。
可以类似地制备下列化合物:
OLED的生产
下面的实施例E1至E27(参见表1)呈现了本发明的材料在OLED中的用途。
实施例E1至E27的预处理:涂有厚度为50nm的结构化ITO(氧化锡铟)的玻璃板在涂布之前先用氧等离子体处理,接着用氩等离子体处理。这些等离子体处理过的玻璃板形成了施加OLED的基底。
所述OLED基本上具有以下层结构:基底/空穴注入层(HIL)/空穴传输层(HTL)/电子阻挡层(EBL)/发光层(EML)/任选的空穴阻挡层(HBL)/电子传输层(ETL)/任选的电子注入层(EIL),最后是阴极。所述阴极由厚度为100nm的铝层形成。OLED的确切结构可见于表1。生产OLED所需的材料示于表2中。
所有材料都是在真空室中通过热气相沉积施加的。在这种情况下,发光层总是由至少一种基质材料(主体材料)和通过共蒸发以特定体积比例添加到基质材料中的发光掺杂剂(发光体)组成。以例如EG1:IC2:TEG1(49%:44%:7%)的形式给出的细节在此意味着材料EG1以49%的体积比例存在于层中,IC2以44%的体积比例存在于层中,而TEG1以7%的体积比例存在于层中。类似地,电子传输层也可由两种材料的混合物组成。
所述OLED以标准方式表征。为此目的,测定电致发光谱,从呈现朗伯发光特性的电流-电压-发光密度特性线计算的作为发光密度函数的电流效率(CE,以cd/A计量)和外量子效率(EQE,以%计量)。在1000cd/m2的发光密度下测定电致发光谱,并将这些用于计算CIE1931x和y颜色坐标。由此获得的结果可见于表3中。
化合物EG1至EG11和EG17至EG25在实施例E1至E20中用作磷光绿色OLED的发光层中的基质材料。化合物EG12至EG16在实施例E21至E25中用作磷光红色OLED的发光层中的基质材料。化合物EG5至EG7在实施例E26至E27中用作磷光绿色OLED的ETM层中的电子传输体。
表1:OLED的结构
表2:用于OLED的材料的结构式
表3:OLED的数据
Claims (14)
1.一种电子器件,所述电子器件包含至少一种式(1)的化合物,
其中使用的符号如下:
Z在每种情况下相同或不同并且是O或S;
A是R或Z;
Rb是Ar或自由电子对;
其中,当A=Z时,由Z表示的氧或硫原子经由双键键合至碳原子,并且Rb是Ar;
此外,当A=R时,Rb是自由电子对,并且A所键合的碳原子与Rb所键合的氮原子之间存在双键;
Ra相同或不同并且是R,或者两个Ra基团与它们结合的氮原子和碳原子一起形成式(2)、(3)和(4)之一的基团,
其中虚线键在每种情况下指示式(1)内的键联;
X在每种情况下相同或不同并且是CR或N;或者两个相邻的X基团是式(5)或(6)的基团,
其中虚线键指示这种基团在式(2)、式(3)或式(4)中的键联;
Y在每种情况下相同或不同并且是CR或N;
W在每种情况下相同或不同并且是NAr、O、S或C(R)2;
Ar在每种情况下相同或不同并且是具有5至40个芳族环原子并且可被一个或多个R基团取代的芳族或杂芳族环系;
R在每种情况下相同或不同并且是H,D,F,Cl,Br,I,N(Ar')2,N(R1)2,OAr',SAr',CN,NO2,OR1,SR1,COOR1,C(=O)N(R1)2,Si(R1)3,B(OR1)2,C(=O)R1,P(=O)(R1)2,S(=O)R1,S(=O)2R1,OSO2R1,具有1至20个碳原子的直链烷基基团,或具有2至20个碳原子的烯基或炔基基团,或具有3至20个碳原子的支链或环状的烷基基团,其中所述烷基、烯基或炔基基团在每种情况下可被一个或多个R1基团取代,其中一个或多个非相邻的CH2基团可被Si(R1)2、C=O、NR1、O、S或CONR1代替,或具有5至60个芳族环原子、优选5至40个芳族环原子并且在每种情况下可被一个或多个R1基团取代的芳族或杂芳族环系;同时,两个R基团一起也可形成脂族、杂脂族、芳族或杂芳族的环系;
Ar'在每种情况下相同或不同并且是具有5至40个芳族环原子并且可被一个或多个R1基团取代的芳族或杂芳族环系;
R1在每种情况下相同或不同并且是H,D,F,Cl,Br,I,N(R2)2,CN,NO2,OR2,SR2,Si(R2)3,B(OR2)2,C(=O)R2,P(=O)(R2)2,S(=O)R2,S(=O)2R2,OSO2R2,具有1至20个碳原子的直链烷基基团,或具有2至20个碳原子的烯基或炔基基团,或具有3至20个碳原子的支链或环状的烷基基团,其中所述烷基、烯基或炔基基团可各自被一个或多个R2基团取代,其中一个或多个非相邻的CH2基团可被Si(R2)2、C=O、NR2、O、S或CONR2代替,并且其中所述烷基、烯基或炔基基团中的一个或多个氢原子可被D、F、Cl、Br、I或CN代替,或具有5至40个芳族环原子并且在每种情况下可被一个或多个R2基团取代的芳族或杂芳族环系;同时,两个或更多个R1基团一起可形成脂族环系;
R2在每种情况下相同或不同并且是H,D,F,CN,或具有1至20个碳原子的脂族、芳族或杂芳族有机基团,尤其是烃基基团,其中一个或多个氢原子也可被F代替。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电子器件,其特征在于所述式(1)的化合物含有至少一个取代基Ar,和/或特征在于所述式(1)的化合物含有至少一个是芳族或杂芳族环系的取代基R。
6.根据权利要求1至5中的一项或多项所述的电子器件,其特征在于,当A=R时,这种R基团是具有5至40个芳族环原子并且可被一个或多个R1基团取代的芳族或杂芳族环系,以及特征在于,式(8)和(8-1)至(8-11)中明确示出的与三嗪酮骨架键合的R基团是具有5至40个芳族环原子并且可被一个或多个R1基团取代的芳族或杂芳族环系。
7.根据权利要求1至6中的一项或多项所述的电子器件,其特征在于Ar在每种情况下相同或不同并且表示具有6至30个芳族环原子并且可被一个或多个R基团取代的芳族或杂芳族环系。
8.根据权利要求1至7中的一项或多项所述的电子器件,其特征在于R在每种情况下相同或不同并且选自H,D,F,N(Ar')2,CN,OR1,具有1至10个碳原子的直链烷基基团,或具有2至10个碳原子的烯基基团,或具有3至10个碳原子的支链或环状的烷基基团,其中所述烷基或烯基基团可各自被一个或多个R1基团取代,但优选未被取代,并且其中一个或多个非相邻的CH2基团可被O代替,或具有6至30个芳族环原子并且在每种情况下可被一个或多个R1基团取代的芳族或杂芳族环系;同时,两个R基团一起也可形成脂族、芳族或杂芳族的环系。
9.根据权利要求1至8中的一项或多项所述的电子器件,其特征在于如果R是芳族或杂芳族环系,则Ar和R在每种情况下相同或不同并且选自苯基、联苯基、三联苯基、四联苯基、芴、螺二芴、萘、吲哚、苯并呋喃、苯并噻吩、咔唑、二苯并呋喃、二苯并噻吩、茚并咔唑、吲哚并咔唑、吡啶、嘧啶、吡嗪、哒嗪、三嗪、喹啉、喹唑啉、苯并咪唑、菲、联三苯叉或这些基团中的两个或三个的组合,所述基团中的每个可被一个或多个R基团取代。
10.根据权利要求1至9中的一项或多项所述的电子器件,所述电子器件选自有机电致发光器件、有机集成电路、有机场效应晶体管、有机薄膜晶体管、有机发光晶体管、有机太阳能电池、有机染料敏化太阳能电池、有机光学检测器、有机光感受器、有机场猝熄器件、发光电化学电池、有机激光二极管和有机等离子体发光器件。
11.根据权利要求1至10中的一项或多项所述的电子器件,所述电子器件是有机电致发光器件,其特征在于所述式(1)的化合物用于发光层中作为磷光发光体的基质材料或作为显示TADF的发光体的基质材料,和/或用于电子传输层中,和/或用于空穴阻挡层中。
12.根据权利要求1至11中的一项或多项所述的电子器件,所述电子器件是有机电致发光器件,其特征在于所述式(1)的化合物与另外的基质材料组合用作磷光发光体的基质材料,并且特征在于所述另外的基质材料选自芳族酮、芳族氧化膦、芳族亚砜、芳族砜、三芳基胺、咔唑衍生物、联咔唑、吲哚并咔唑衍生物、茚并咔唑衍生物、氮杂咔唑衍生物、双极性基质材料、氮杂硼杂环戊二烯、硼酸酯、三嗪衍生物、锌络合物、二氮杂硅杂环戊二烯或四氮杂硅杂环戊二烯衍生物、二氮杂磷杂环戊二烯衍生物、桥接咔唑衍生物、联三苯叉衍生物、二苯并呋喃衍生物、二苯并噻吩衍生物、二苯并呋喃-咔唑衍生物、二苯并呋喃-胺衍生物或咔唑胺。
14.根据权利要求13所述的化合物,其特征在于所述杂芳基基团选自二苯并呋喃、二苯并噻吩和咔唑。
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US12108665B2 (en) | 2024-10-01 |
US20220310932A1 (en) | 2022-09-29 |
KR20220056223A (ko) | 2022-05-04 |
EP4025566A1 (de) | 2022-07-13 |
WO2021043703A1 (de) | 2021-03-11 |
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