CN113597901A - Camphor tree twig cutting seedling method - Google Patents
Camphor tree twig cutting seedling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113597901A CN113597901A CN202111026955.0A CN202111026955A CN113597901A CN 113597901 A CN113597901 A CN 113597901A CN 202111026955 A CN202111026955 A CN 202111026955A CN 113597901 A CN113597901 A CN 113597901A
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- seedling method
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
Abstract
The invention provides a camphor tree twig cutting seedling method, which comprises the following steps of S1, cutting cultivation; s2, preparing cutting slips; s3, cutting a seedbed, treating a substrate and cutting; s4, managing cutting seedlings; through the steps of cutting cultivation, cutting preparation, disinfection and GGR treatment, cutting seedbed and substrate treatment, cutting, post-cutting management and the like, a new cutting cultivation technology and a novel GGR6 formula cutting seedling method are utilized, the problems of difficult formation of cutting callus, difficult organ differentiation, long rooting time, low rooting rate and the like of camphor trees are solved, the method is a means for protectively developing and utilizing camphor tree plant resources, and a powerful technical guarantee can be provided for germplasm resource preservation and reutilization; the camphor tree twig cutting seedling method provided by the invention can shorten the rooting time and improve the rooting rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vegetative propagation of plants, and particularly relates to a camphor tree twig cutting seedling method.
Background
Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl) belongs to evergreen arbor of Lauraceae and is mainly produced in Hunan, Hubei, Guangdong, Guangxi and Jiangxi provinces. The camphor wood is a good and precious material and economic tree species in south China, and branches, roots, leaves and wood of the camphor wood can be used for extracting camphor and camphor oil, so that the camphor wood is a raw material for preparing pesticides, soaps and essences, and has high economic value. In addition, the wood of the cinnamomum camphora has the characteristics of insect pest resistance and water moisture resistance, and can be widely applied to buildings, furniture, plates and shipbuilding. The camphor tree has luxuriant branches and leaves, wide and wide crown and ambitious tree posture, can better adsorb smoke dust, preserve water source and beautify environment, is an important excellent tree species for urban greening, and is applied to shade trees, street trees, protection forests and the like. Therefore, camphor trees have been favored since ancient times and are widely planted.
With the vigorous development of the world clonal forestry, the cuttage propagation is gradually developed into the most common propagation method, which is suitable for large-scale production and small-amount propagation, so the cuttage propagation of camphor trees is expected to become one of the important ways for solving the production problem. However, the rooting time is more than 60 days by using cuttage propagation technology for breeding through literature retrieval, so that the method has great limitation. Therefore, the research on the new cutting seedling raising technology of the camphor trees is developed, and a large number of seedlings are bred in a short period so as to meet the market demand, so that the method has great significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a camphor tree twig cutting seedling method which can shorten the rooting time and improve the rooting rate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows, the camphor tree twig cutting seedling method comprises the following steps:
s1, cutting cultivation: carrying out middle-short pruning to promote germination on the strong lateral branches at the middle upper part of the parent tree body, pruning to remove the weak branches, simultaneously carrying out one-time fertilization on the parent tree, and carrying out foliage (front and back) spraying of a growth regulator on the germination strips at the middle-short pruning and germination promoting positions; carrying out medium-short cutting and germination promotion on the robust lateral branches; the growth regulator is sprayed on the leaf surfaces of the germinated and germinated strips, so that the synthesis of endogenous hormones, endogenous polyamines and phenolic compounds in the germinated strips can be effectively promoted, the activity of related enzymes is remarkably improved, rooting inhibitors are reduced, the generation of adventitious roots is facilitated, and the rooting time is shortened;
s2, preparing cutting slips: cutting the sprout as cutting, cutting the top opening flat (or with top bud), the top end 1cm from the top bud, reserving 1-2 whole leaves or half leaves on the upper part, beveling the lower opening, soaking the cut cutting in the aqueous solution of carbendazim for 10-15 minutes, and then soaking the base of the cutting with the growth regulator solution for 10-15 minutes;
s3, cutting seedbed, matrix treatment and cutting: laying a layer of sieved sterile yellow soil on the surface of a seedbed, watering the seedbed thoroughly with a carbendazim solution for disinfection during cuttage, punching small holes on the seedbed with bamboo sticks, inserting the processed cuttings into the small holes, compressing the cuttings properly, then drenching the carbendazim solution again, finally preserving moisture in a totally-closed way with a transparent agricultural film, erecting a sunshade net for cooling, wherein the sunshade net is black and 1.6-1.8m in height so as to facilitate walking operation of personnel, covering the sunshade net with the agricultural film which is a small arched shed 50cm in height so as to ensure that the humidity in the agricultural film is maintained above 95%.
S4, management of cutting seedlings: and (5) performing conventional management.
Preferably, in the steps S1 and S2, 50mg/kg of growth regulator GGR6 is adopted.
Preferably, the growth regulator is sprayed to the sprout strips which are cut in the middle and short section and promote the sprout to sprout once every 5 days, and the spraying is carried out for three times.
Preferably, in the steps S2 and S3, 500 times of 75% carbendazim solution is used.
Preferably, in step S2, 50 cut cuttings are bundled into a bundle with regular bases, and completely (including leaves) immersed in 500-fold aqueous solution of carbendazim for 10 minutes, and then the bases of the cuttings are immersed in 50mg/kg solution of GGR6 growth regulator for 10 minutes.
Preferably, in step S2, two whole leaves or half leaves are left on the top of the cutting shoot, and the cutting process is vulnerable to moisture stress due to lack of root system, so that only two whole leaves or half leaves are left to reduce transpiration.
Preferably, in step S2, the length of the cutting is 5-7 cm.
Preferably, in step S3, the thickness of the sieved sterile yellow core soil is 5cm, and the depth of the cutting shoot inserted into the small hole is 4 cm.
Preferably, in step S3, the cutting shoots are cut at a plant spacing of 10cm and a row spacing of 20 cm.
Preferably, in step S3, the shading degree of the sunshade net is 60%, and the temperature is maintained at 20-40 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the formation time of the root primordium of the seedling using the cutting seedling method can be effectively shortened, a complete root system can be formed in about 35 days, and the rooting time is doubled compared with that of the traditional cutting seedling method;
2. the seedling cutting rooting number of the cutting seedling raising method is generally more than 5, and the afforestation requirement can be met more quickly;
3. the cuttage rooting rate of the seedlings by using the cuttage seedling raising method is more than 87 percent, and is at least twenty-seven percent higher than the cuttage rooting rate of 50-60 percent of camphor tree seedlings in the prior art.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically described by combining the specific embodiments as follows:
the camphor tree twig cutting seedling method provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
s1, cutting cultivation: in order to obtain excellent cutting slips, strong lateral branches at the middle upper part of a parent tree body are cut for middle and short lengths in 1 month of the year to promote germination, weak branches are cut off, and meanwhile, the parent tree is fertilized once, and organic fertilizer is mainly used. Spraying GGR6 growth regulator 50mg/kg liquid 3 times on the sprout strips (the sprout strips are the cuttings after being cultured) which are cut in the middle and short section in month 4 and promote the sprouting of the sprout parts, and spraying 1 time every 5 days.
S2, preparing cutting slips: in the middle ten days of the last month 5, cutting the carefully cultivated sprout into 5-7cm sections, cutting the top opening flat (or with top bud), cutting the top end 1cm away from the upper bud, and beveling the lower opening 45 degrees to prevent splitting. 2 full leaves or half leaves are remained on the upper part, 50 cutting slips are bundled into a bundle after being cut, the base part is neat, and is completely soaked in 500 times of carbendazim aqueous solution for 10 minutes, and then the GGR6 growth regulator 50mg/kg solution is used for soaking the base part of the cutting slips for 10 minutes.
S3, cutting seedbed, matrix treatment and cutting: a seedling bed is built in a place with high terrain and good drainage, a layer of screened sterile loess with the thickness of about 5cm is paved on the surface of the seedling bed, 500 times of 75% carbendazim solution is used for watering the seedling bed thoroughly for disinfection during cuttage, small holes are inserted into the seedling bed according to the plant spacing of 10cm and the row spacing of 20cm, then the well-treated cutting slips are inserted into the small holes with the depth of about 4cm and are properly pressed, and then 500 times of 75% carbendazim solution is drenched thoroughly. And totally closing and moisturizing by using a transparent agricultural film, and shading and cooling by using a shading net with shading degree of 60%.
S4, management of cutting seedlings: and (5) performing conventional management.
Under the technical condition of the invention, the cutting tender branch starts to root in about 25 days, and a complete root system can be formed in about 35 days. According to 35 days investigation statistics, the average rooting number is more than 5, the rooting rate reaches 87%, and after the root system is complete, the root system can be moved to a container for seedling cultivation according to production requirements, or bare root transplantation and mountain-climbing afforestation are selected according to requirements.
In the invention, the cultivation of the scion of the stock tree is the key, the scion is cut in the middle and short sections to promote sprouting, the sprouting conditioning is carried out by spraying 50mg/kg of GGR6 growth regulator, the problems of difficult formation of camphor tree cutting callus, difficult organ differentiation, long rooting time, low rooting rate and the like are solved, the synthesis of endogenous hormones, endogenous polyamines and phenolic compounds in the sprouting can be effectively promoted, the activity of related enzymes is remarkably improved, the rooting inhibitor is reduced, the generation of adventitious roots is facilitated, the method is a means for protectively developing camphor tree plant resources, and a powerful technical guarantee is provided for the preservation and reutilization of germplasm resources.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the camphor tree twig cutting seedling raising method is used for carrying out camphor tree twig cutting seedling raising in a peach base of Hunan Jinlin forestry Limited company, and specifically comprises the following operation steps:
s1, cutting cultivation: in order to obtain excellent cutting slips, strong lateral branches at the middle upper part of a tree body of a mother tree (4-year-old excellent plants) are cut for middle short to promote germination at 1 month and 6 days in the current year, weak branches are cut off, meanwhile, the mother tree is fertilized once, organic fertilizer is mainly used, and 2kg of fertilizer is applied to each plant. Spraying GGR6 growth regulator 50mg/kg solution 3 times on sprout strips of middle and short cut and sprout promoting positions in 2 days in 4 months, and spraying 1 time every 5 days.
S2, preparing cutting slips: and 5, 8 days after 5 months, cutting the carefully cultivated sprout into 5-7cm sections, cutting the top opening flat, cutting the top end 1cm away from the upper bud, and beveling the lower opening 45 degrees to prevent splitting. Leaving 2 whole leaves on the upper part, bundling 50 cut cutting slips into a bundle, enabling the base part to be neat, soaking the bundle in 500 times of carbendazim aqueous solution for 10 minutes, and then soaking the base part of the cutting slips in 50mg/kg of GGR6 growth regulator for 10 minutes.
S3, cutting seedbed, matrix treatment and cutting: a seedling bed is built in a place with high terrain and good drainage, a layer of screened sterile loess with the thickness of about 5cm is paved on the surface of the seedling bed, during cuttage, 500 times of 75% carbendazim solution is firstly used for watering the seedling bed thoroughly, small holes are inserted into the seedling bed according to the plant spacing of 10cm and the row spacing of 20cm, then the well-treated cutting slips are inserted into the small holes, the depth is about 4cm, the seedling bed is properly compacted, and then 500 times of 75% carbendazim solution is drenched thoroughly. And totally closing with transparent agricultural film for moisture preservation, and shading with shading net with shading degree of 60% (height of shading net is 1.6 m).
S4, management of cutting seedlings: and (5) performing conventional management.
In this embodiment, the cutting shoot after cutting starts to root on day 25, forms a complete root system on day 35, the average number of roots is more than 5, and the cutting rooting rate reaches 88.3%. And (3) carrying out cuttage cultivation on 300 seedlings, wherein the seedlings are divided into 3 groups, and the survival rate of each group of 100 seedlings and the survival rate of the cutting slips are respectively as follows: 84%, 87% and 94%.
Example two:
the camphor tree twig cutting seedling raising method is used for carrying out camphor tree twig cutting seedling raising in the Bingxian county base of New Natural agriculture and forestry science and technology Limited in Hunan, and specifically comprises the following operation steps:
s1, cutting cultivation: in order to obtain excellent twigs, strong lateral branches at the middle upper part of a tree body of a mother tree (5-year-old excellent plants) are cut for a middle part and a short part to promote germination in 1 month and 3 days in the current year, weak branches are cut off, and meanwhile, the mother tree is fertilized once, mainly by organic fertilizer, and 3kg of fertilizer is fertilized to be applied to each plant. Spraying GGR6 growth regulator 50mg/kg solution 3 times on sprout strips of middle and short cut and sprout promoting positions in 6 days in 4 months, and spraying 1 time every 5 days.
S2, preparing cutting slips: and (3) cutting the carefully-cultivated cutting slips after 5 months and 7 days into 5-7cm sections, wherein the top opening with the top bud and without the top bud is cut flat, the distance between the top end and the upper bud is 1cm, the lower opening is obliquely cut by 45 degrees, and the splitting is prevented. Leaving 2 half leaves on the upper part, bundling 50 cut cuttings into a bundle, keeping the base neat, soaking the bundle in 500 times of carbendazim aqueous solution for 10 minutes, and then soaking the base of the cutting with 50mg/kg of GGR6 growth regulator for 10 minutes.
S3, cutting seedbed, matrix treatment and cutting: a seedling bed is built in a place with high terrain and good drainage, a layer of screened sterile loess with the thickness of about 5cm is paved on the surface of the seedling bed, during cuttage, 500 times of 75% carbendazim solution is firstly used for watering the seedling bed thoroughly, small holes are inserted into the seedling bed according to the plant spacing of 10cm and the row spacing of 20cm, then the well-treated cutting slips are inserted into the small holes, the depth is about 4cm, the seedling bed is properly compacted, and then 500 times of 75% carbendazim solution is drenched thoroughly. And totally closing with transparent agricultural film for moisture preservation, and shading with shading net with shading degree of 60% (height of shading net is 1.6 m).
S4, management of cutting seedlings: and (5) performing conventional management.
In this embodiment, the cutting shoot after cutting starts to root on day 30, forms a complete root system on day 40, the average number of roots is more than 5, and the cutting rooting rate reaches 87%. And (3) carrying out cuttage cultivation on 300 seedlings, wherein the seedlings are divided into 3 groups, and the survival rate of each group of 100 seedlings and the survival rate of the cutting slips are respectively as follows: 84%, 87% and 90%.
Comparative example
A conventional cutting breeding method comprises the following steps: collecting the tender branches (semi-lignification) at the middle upper part of the tree body of the camphor tree sapling (5-year-old) as cutting slips, carrying out cuttage by adopting a conventional disinfection and root promotion method and a conventional cuttage matrix, and carrying out conventional management. The cutting slips after cuttage start to root on the 50 th day and form a complete root system in 60 days, the average rooting number is 4, and the cuttage rooting rate is 56.3%. And (3) carrying out cuttage cultivation on 300 seedlings, wherein the seedlings are divided into 3 groups, and the survival rate of each group of 100 seedlings and the survival rate of the cutting slips are respectively as follows: 49%, 57% and 63%.
From the experimental results, the survival rate of the first embodiment and the second embodiment is obviously superior to that of the comparative example, the survival rate of the first embodiment and the second embodiment is equivalent, the number of the rooting roots is large, and the rooting period is obviously shortened.
The above examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A camphor tree twig cutting seedling method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, cutting cultivation: carrying out middle-short pruning to promote germination on the strong lateral branches at the middle upper part of the parent tree body, pruning to remove the weak branches, simultaneously carrying out one-time fertilization on the parent tree, and carrying out leaf surface spraying of a growth regulator on the germination strips at the middle-short pruning germination promoting positions, wherein the germination strips are cutting slips;
s2, preparing cutting slips: cutting the cutting slips, cutting the top opening to be flat, keeping 1-2 full leaves or half leaves at the top part with the distance of the top end being 1cm from the bud at the upper part, beveling the lower opening, soaking the cut cutting slips in a carbendazim aqueous solution for 10-15 minutes, and then soaking the base parts of the cutting slips in a growth regulator solution for 10-15 minutes;
s3, cutting seedbed, matrix treatment and cutting: laying a layer of screened sterile yellow soil on the surface of a seedbed, watering the seedbed thoroughly with a carbendazim solution for disinfection during cuttage, then punching small holes on the seedbed, inserting the well-treated cutting into the small holes, properly pressing, then drenching the carbendazim solution again, finally totally sealing and moisturizing with a transparent agricultural film, and erecting a sunshade net for cooling;
s4, management of cutting seedlings: and (5) performing conventional management.
2. The camphor tree twig cutting seedling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the steps S1 and S2, 50mg/kg of growth regulator GGR6 is adopted.
3. The camphor tree twig cutting seedling method according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the step S1, the growth regulator is sprayed to the leaf surfaces of the sprout branches which are cut off and cut at the sprout promoting positions once every 5 days, and the spraying is carried out three times.
4. The camphor tree twig cutting seedling method according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the steps S2 and S3, 500 times of 75% carbendazim solution is used.
5. The camphor tree twig cutting seedling method according to claim 4, characterized in that: in the step S2, 50 cut cutting slips are bundled into a bundle, the base parts are neat, the cutting slips are completely soaked in 500 times of carbendazim aqueous solution for 10 minutes, and then the base parts of the cutting slips are soaked in 50mg/kg of GGR6 growth regulator for 10 minutes.
6. The camphor tree twig cutting seedling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S2, two whole leaves or half leaves are left on the upper part of the cutting.
7. The camphor tree twig cutting seedling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S2, the length of the cutting is 5-7 cm.
8. The camphor tree twig cutting seedling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S3, the thickness of the screened sterile yellow core soil is 5cm, and the depth of the cutting slips inserted into the small holes is 4 cm.
9. The camphor tree twig cutting seedling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S3, cutting slips are cut according to the plant spacing of 10cm and the row spacing of 20cm during cutting.
10. The camphor tree twig cutting seedling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S3, the shading degree of the sunshade net is 60%.
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