CN113277840A - 一种高频高工作磁密低损耗锰锌铁氧体及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种高频高工作磁密低损耗锰锌铁氧体及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910001289 Manganese-zinc ferrite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- JIYIUPFAJUGHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Mn++].[Mn++].[Mn++].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Zn++].[Zn++] Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Mn++].[Mn++].[Mn++].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Zn++].[Zn++] JIYIUPFAJUGHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- UPWOEMHINGJHOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxocobaltiooxy)cobalt Chemical compound O=[Co]O[Co]=O UPWOEMHINGJHOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum trioxide Chemical compound O=[Mo](=O)=O JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011361 granulated particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- 101000623895 Bos taurus Mucin-15 Proteins 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical group [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- ZKATWMILCYLAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium pentoxide Chemical compound O=[Nb](=O)O[Nb](=O)=O ZKATWMILCYLAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 7
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- 238000009766 low-temperature sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高频高工作磁密低损耗锰锌铁氧体及其制备方法,所述软磁铁氧体由主成分和副成分组成,其特征在于主成份以氧化物计算由Fe2O3:54.55~55.20mol%,ZnO:4.0~5.0mol%,MnO余量组成;按主成分重量计的副成分I包括Nb2O5:0.01~0.06wt%、Co2O3:0.15~0.30wt%,CaCO3:0.05~0.15wt%、V2O5:0.01~0.04wt%,副成分Ⅱ由NiO:0.01~0.05wt%,SiO2:0.005~0.015wt%、MoO3:0.01~0.05wt%其中的至少两种组成。所述软磁铁氧体的制备方法采用的工艺步骤是:配料、砂磨、气氛预烧、两次粉碎、造粒、成型、烧结。通过配方设计、改进预烧工艺、粉碎工艺和优化烧结,最终可以使软磁铁氧体材料实现高频高工作磁密下低损耗特性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及锰锌铁氧体材料领域,具体涉及一种高频高工作磁密低损耗锰锌铁氧体材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前开关电源被广泛应用在工业、民用和军事等各个领域,电子产品的小型化、集成化发展,整机密度越来越大,特别是第三代半导体的应用,提高了开关电源的使用频率,开关管的频率从原来的100kHz提升到500kHz~1MHz,甚至MHz级以上,并且功率密度越来越大,即需求较高频率和磁通密度,通常有两种解决方式,一种是即工作频率提高到MHz以上,工作磁通密度Bm可以降低,但是受限于线圈的影响,开关频率目前主要集中在500kHz~1MHz,因此工作磁通密度Bm也较高,而磁性元件其体积和重量一般占到整个电路的20至30%,损耗占总损耗的约30%,因此这对应用于变压器中作为功率转换的锰锌铁氧体材料而言,应具有高的截止频率,并且在高频高工作磁密下具有较低的损耗,即高频工作磁密低损耗。
目前公布的高频低损耗材料工作频率可以做到1MHz~5MHz,但是是在较低的工作磁通密度下工作,比如专利号CN106830913 B(工作频率1MHz~5MHz)、专利号CN103396111 B(工作频率1MH~3MHz),专利号CN112456994A公布了一种低温烧结高频低损耗MnZn软磁铁氧体及其制造方法,通过纳米掺杂降低烧结温度,珠磨机研磨降低D90-D50,该专利实现了3MHz 80mT、5MHz 50mT低损耗特性,不足之处在于该材料在低温保持稳定,高温损耗上升较快,对于高频锰锌铁氧体来说,功率损耗可以转化为Pcv=kfαBmβ,α一般在1~2之间,β在2~3之间(Bm在50mT以下),工作频率和工作磁通密度对β影响很大,随着频率增加,工作磁通密度增加,β增长较快,导致功耗上升较快。日立金属公布了ML95S材料,在1MHz 75mT 23℃和100℃典型损耗分别为700kW/m3和1000kW/m3,而在100mT下,23℃和100℃损耗都在2000 kW/m3以上,较高的损耗影响开关电源的转换效率。相比于ML95S材料,本发明材料在1MHz100mT下25℃~100℃功耗都小于800 kW/m3,损耗降低一半以上,在一定程度上提升了开关电源的转换效率,满足现代电子技术发展的需求。
发明内容
本发明正是为了克服现有技术的不足而提供一种高频高工作磁密低损耗锰锌铁氧体材料,通过配方精选优化,辅以低熔点物质掺杂,降低烧结温度,再对预烧工艺进行改进提升,通过加入气氛保持良好的粉料活性,以及两次粉碎,降低粉碎粒径,最后匹配低温烧结,并且在致密化段根据材料烧结过程特点进行曲线优化,所制备的锰锌铁氧体材料在1MHz 100mT下25℃和100℃功耗小于800kW/m3,并且100℃下的饱和磁通密度达到430mT以上,使锰锌铁氧体材料适应高频变压器和服务器电感的需求。
本发明解决技术问题所采用的技术方案是:制备一种高频高工作磁密低损耗锰锌铁氧体材料,由主成分和副成分组成,其特征在于:主成份以氧化物计算由Fe2O3 :54.55~55.20mol%,ZnO:4.0~5.0mol%,MnO余量组成;按主成分重量计的副成分I包括Nb2O5 :0.01~0.06wt%、Co2O3:0.15~0.30wt%,CaCO3 :0.05~0.15wt%、V2O5 :0.01~0.04wt%,副成分Ⅱ由NiO:0.01~0.05wt%,、SiO2 :0.005~0.015wt%、MoO3:0.01~0.05wt%其中的至少两种组成。
一种如上所述的高频高工作磁密低损耗锰锌铁氧体材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1) 配料:按照主配方Fe2O3、ZnO 和MnO的比例进行称量并混合砂磨,砂磨时间15min~30min;
2)预烧:将混合后的粉料进行带有气氛的窑炉预烧,预烧温度800℃~1000℃,保温气氛5%~15%,其中较优的是预烧温度为840℃~950℃,从开始升温到降温结束氧含量保持恒定,氧含量6%~10%;
3)粉碎:将添加剂加入预烧料进行两次粉碎,第一次粉碎时间为40~70min,二次粉碎时间10~20min。第一次粉碎介质是钢球,第二次粉碎介质是锆球,粉碎粒径0.4~0.8μm;
4)造粒:将砂磨后的料浆烘干后进行造粒;
5)成型:将造粒好的颗粒进行压制;
6)烧结:将毛坯在窑炉中烧结,烧结温度1060~1100℃,其中升温段800~1000℃,升温速率2.0~3.5℃/min,从1000℃升温至保温温度,升温速率≤1.5℃/min。其中较优的升温段800~1000℃,升温速率2.5~3.0℃/min,从1000℃升温至保温温度,升温速率≤1℃/min。
本发明的有益效果是: 通过控制主成分、副成分的组成及含量,改进预烧、砂磨工艺、优化烧结,所制备的锰锌铁氧体材料在1MHz 100mT下25℃和100℃功耗小于800kW/m3,并且100℃下的饱和磁通密度达到430mT以上,使锰锌铁氧体材料适应高频变压器和服务器电感的需求。
具体实施方式
实施例1:一种高频高工作磁密低损耗锰锌铁氧体材料,由主成分和副成分组成,主成分由Fe2O3 :54.55mol%,ZnO:5mol%,MnO余量组成;副成分I由Nb2O5 :0.02wt%、Co2O3:0.30wt%,CaCO3 :0.08wt%、V2O5 :0.03wt%组成,副成分Ⅱ由NiO:0.02wt%, SiO2 :0.05wt%组成。以上副成分按Fe2O3、ZnO、MnO总重量百分比进行计算。
一种制作实施例1所述的高频高工作磁密低损耗锰锌铁氧体材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1) 配料:按照主配方Fe2O3、MnO、ZnO的比例进行称量并混合砂磨,砂磨时间为15min;
2)预烧:将混合后的粉料进行预烧,预烧920℃,从升温开始到降温结束氧含量为10%;
3)粉碎:将添加剂加入预烧料进行两次粉碎,第一次粉碎时间为70min,二次粉碎时间20min,粒径0.6um;
4)造粒:将砂磨后的料浆烘干后进行造粒;
5)成型:将造粒好的颗粒进行压制;
6)烧结:将毛坯在窑炉中烧结,烧结温度1080℃,其中升温段800~1000℃、升温速率2.5℃/min,1000℃~1080℃升温速率0.8℃/min。
实施例2:一种高频高工作磁密低损耗锰锌铁氧体材料,由主成分和副成分组成,主成分由Fe2O3 :55.0mol%,ZnO:4.3mol%,MnO余量组成;副成分I由Nb2O5 :0.03wt%、Co2O3:0.25wt%,CaCO3 :0.10wt%、V2O5 :0.02wt%组成,副成分Ⅱ由NiO:0.03wt%, SiO2 :0.04wt%组成。以上副成分按Fe2O3、ZnO、MnO总重量百分比进行计算。
一种制作实施例2所述的高频高工作磁密低损耗锰锌铁氧体材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1) 配料:按照主配方Fe2O3、MnO、ZnO的比例进行称量并混合砂磨,砂磨时间为15min;
2)预烧:将混合后的粉料进行预烧,预烧880℃,从升温开始到降温结束氧含量为9%;
3)粉碎:将添加剂加入预烧料进行两次粉碎,第一次粉碎时间为60min,二次粉碎时间10min,粒径0.7um;
4)造粒:将砂磨后的料浆烘干后进行造粒;
5)成型:将造粒好的颗粒进行压制;
6)烧结:将毛坯在窑炉中烧结,烧结温度1090℃,其中升温段800~1000℃升温速率2.5℃/min,1000℃~1090℃升温速率0.8℃/min。
实施例3:一种高频高工作磁密低损耗锰锌铁氧体材料,由主成分和副成分组成,主成分由Fe2O3 :55.2mol%,ZnO:4.0mol%,MnO余量组成;副成分I由Nb2O5 :0.02wt%、Co2O3:0.2200wt%,CaCO3 :0.15wt%、V2O5 :0.02wt%组成,副成分Ⅱ由NiO:0.02wt%, MoO3 :0.02wt%组成。以上副成分按Fe2O3、ZnO、MnO总重量百分比进行计算。
一种制作实施例3所述的高频高工作磁密低损耗锰锌铁氧体材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1) 配料:按照主配方Fe2O3、MnO、ZnO的比例进行称量并混合砂磨,砂磨时间为20min;
2)预烧:将混合后的粉料进行预烧,预烧860℃,从升温开始到降温结束氧含量为8%;
3)粉碎:将添加剂加入预烧料进行两次粉碎,第一次粉碎时间为40min,二次粉碎时间20min;粒径0.7um;
4)造粒:将砂磨后的料浆烘干后进行造粒;
5)成型:将造粒好的颗粒进行压制;
6)烧结:将毛坯在窑炉中烧结,烧结温度1080℃,其中升温段800~1000℃升温速率3℃/min,1000℃~1080℃升温速率0.9℃/min。
实施例4:一种高频高工作磁密低损耗锰锌铁氧体材料,由主成分和副成分组成,主成分由Fe2O3 :55.2mol%,ZnO:4.5mol%,MnO余量组成;副成分I由Nb2O5 :0.03wt%、Co2O3:0.18wt%,CaCO3 :0.15wt%、V2O5 :0.01wt%组成,副成分Ⅱ由NiO:0.05wt%, SiO2 :0.1wt%组成。以上副成分按Fe2O3、ZnO、MnO总重量百分比进行计算。
一种制作实施例4所述的高频高工作磁密低损耗锰锌铁氧体材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1) 配料:按照主配方Fe2O3、MnO、ZnO的比例进行称量并混合砂磨,砂磨时间为20min;
2)预烧:将混合后的粉料进行预烧,预烧840℃,从升温开始到降温结束氧含量为6%;
3)粉碎:将添加剂加入预烧料进行两次粉碎,第一次粉碎时间为50min,二次粉碎时间20min,粒径0.4um;
4)造粒:将砂磨后的料浆烘干后进行造粒;
5)成型:将造粒好的颗粒进行压制;
6)烧结:将毛坯在窑炉中烧结,烧结温度1060℃,其中升温段800~1000℃升温速率3℃/min,1000℃~1060℃升温速率0.9℃/min。
实施例5:一种高频高工作磁密低损耗锰锌铁氧体材料,由主成分和副成分组成,主成分由Fe2O3 :54.9mol%,ZnO:4.2mol%,MnO余量组成;副成分I由Nb2O5 :0.05wt%、Co2O3:0.30wt%,CaCO3 :0.10wt%、V2O5 :0.01wt%组成,副成分Ⅱ由NiO:0.01wt%, MoO3:0.02wt%、SiO2 :0.04wt%组成。以上副成分按Fe2O3、ZnO、MnO总重量百分比进行计算。
一种制作实施例5所述的高频高工作磁密低损耗锰锌铁氧体材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1) 配料:按照主配方Fe2O3、MnO、ZnO的比例进行称量并混合砂磨,砂磨时间为15min;
2)预烧:将混合后的粉料进行预烧,预烧850℃,从升温开始到降温结束氧含量为8.5%;
3)粉碎:将添加剂加入预烧料进行两次粉碎,第一次粉碎时间为60min,二次粉碎时间10min;粒径0.6um;
4)造粒:将砂磨后的料浆烘干后进行造粒;
5)成型:将造粒好的颗粒进行压制;
6)烧结:将毛坯在窑炉中烧结,烧结温度1080℃,其中升温段800~1000℃升温速率3℃/min,1000℃~1080℃升温速率0.9℃/min。
实施例6:一种高频高工作磁密低损耗锰锌铁氧体材料,由主成分和副成分组成,主成分由Fe2O3 :54.7mol%,ZnO:4.3mol%,MnO余量组成;副成分I由Nb2O5 :0.04wt%、Co2O3:0.25wt%,CaCO3 :0.10wt%、V2O5 :0.02wt%组成,副成分Ⅱ由NiO:0.02wt%, MoO3:0.02wt%、SiO2 :0.03wt%组成。以上副成分按Fe2O3、ZnO、MnO总重量百分比进行计算。
一种制作实施例6所述的高频高工作磁密低损耗锰锌铁氧体材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1) 配料:按照主配方Fe2O3、MnO、ZnO的比例进行称量并混合砂磨,砂磨时间为15min;
2)预烧:将混合后的粉料进行预烧,预烧870℃,从升温开始到降温结束氧含量为8.5%;
3)粉碎:将添加剂加入预烧料进行两次粉碎,第一次粉碎时间为70min,二次粉碎时间10min粒径0.5um;
4)造粒:将砂磨后的料浆烘干后进行造粒;
5)成型:将造粒好的颗粒进行压制;
6)烧结:将毛坯在窑炉中烧结,烧结温度1080℃,其中升温段800~1000℃升温速率2.5℃/min,1000℃~1080℃升温速率0.8℃/min。
实施例7:一种高频高工作磁密低损耗锰锌铁氧体材料,由主成分和副成分组成,主成分由Fe2O3 :54.8mol%,ZnO:4.2mol%,MnO余量组成;副成分I由Nb2O5 :0.04wt%、Co2O3:0.25wt%,CaCO3 :0.09wt%、V2O5 :0.01wt%组成,副成分Ⅱ由NiO:0.01wt%, MoO3:0.02wt%、SiO2 :0.03wt%组成。以上副成分按Fe2O3、ZnO、MnO总重量百分比进行计算。
一种制作实施例7所述的高频高工作磁密低损耗锰锌铁氧体材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1) 配料:按照主配方Fe2O3、MnO、ZnO的比例进行称量并混合砂磨,砂磨时间为15min;
2)预烧:将混合后的粉料进行预烧,预烧980℃,从升温开始到降温结束氧含量为15%;
3)粉碎:将添加剂加入预烧料进行两次粉碎,第一次粉碎时间为70min,二次粉碎时间10min,粒径0.8um;
4)造粒:将砂磨后的料浆烘干后进行造粒;
5)成型:将造粒好的颗粒进行压制;
6)烧结:将毛坯在窑炉中烧结,烧结温度1100℃,其中升温段800~1000℃升温速率2.0℃/min,1000℃~1100℃升温速率1.5℃/min。
对比例1
对比实施例1的步骤和方法,主成分选择Fe2O3:55.3mol%,ZnO:5.26mol% ,其余为MnO;副成分选择Nb2O5:0.04wt%、Co2O3:0.25wt%、CaCO3:0.15wt%、V2O5:0.02wt%,以上副成分按Fe2O3、ZnO、MnO的总重量百分比进行计算。按照以下步骤进行试验。
1) 配料:按照主配方Fe2O3、ZnO、Co2O3、MnO的比例进行称量并混合砂磨,砂磨时间为15min;
2)预烧:将混合后的粉料进行预烧,预烧温度为950℃,空气中保温2h;
3)砂磨:将添加剂加入预烧料中进行砂磨,砂磨时间为80min,粒径1.5um
4)造粒:将砂磨后的料浆烘干后进行造粒;
5)成型:将造粒好的颗粒进行压制;
6)烧结:将毛坯在窑炉中采用平衡氧分压进行烧结,烧结温度为1220℃,中升温段800~1220℃升温速率2℃/min。
以上七个实施例和对比例制备的标准样环性能测试结果如下:
本发明的锰锌铁氧体材料可以应用于变压器的高的工作频率,适应电子器件小型化集成化需求。
Claims (5)
1.一种高频高工作磁密低损耗锰锌铁氧体材料,由主成分和副成分组成,其特征在于:主成份以氧化物计算,由Fe2O3 :54.55~55.20mol%,ZnO:4.0~5.0mol%,MnO余量组成;按主成分重量计的副成分I包括Nb2O5 :0.01~0.06wt%、Co2O3:0.15~0.30wt%,CaCO3 :0.05~0.15wt%、V2O5 :0.01~0.04wt%,副成分Ⅱ由NiO:0.01~0.05wt%、SiO2 :0.005~0.015wt%、MoO3:0.01~0.05wt%其中的至少两种组成。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的高频高工作磁密低损耗锰锌铁氧体材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
1) 配料:按照主配方Fe2O3、ZnO和MnO的比例进行称量并混合砂磨,砂磨时间15min~30min;
2)预烧:将混合后的粉料进行带有气氛的窑炉预烧,预烧温度800℃~1000℃,保温气氛5%~15%;
3)粉碎:将添加剂加入预烧料进行两次粉碎,第一次粉碎时间为40~70min,二次粉碎时间10~20min;
4)造粒:将砂磨后的料浆烘干后进行造粒;
5)成型:将造粒好的颗粒进行压制;
6)烧结:将毛坯在窑炉中烧结,烧结温度1060~1100℃,其中升温段800~1000℃,升温速率2.0~3.5℃/min,从1000℃升温至保温温度,升温速率≤1.5℃/min。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种高频高工作磁密低损耗锰锌铁氧体材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤2)中所述的预烧温度为840~950℃,从开始升温到降温结束氧含量保持恒定,氧含量6%~10%。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种高频高工作磁密低损耗锰锌铁氧体材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤3)中第一次粉碎介质是钢球,第二次粉碎介质是锆球,粉碎粒径0.4~0.8μm。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种高频高工作磁密低损耗锰锌铁氧体材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤6)中所述的升温段800~1000℃,升温速率2.5~3.0℃/min,从1000℃升温至保温温度的升温速率≤1℃/min。
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