CN117902891B - 一种单畴结构高频高工作磁密锰锌软磁铁氧体及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种单畴结构高频高工作磁密锰锌软磁铁氧体及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN117902891B
CN117902891B CN202410294637.XA CN202410294637A CN117902891B CN 117902891 B CN117902891 B CN 117902891B CN 202410294637 A CN202410294637 A CN 202410294637A CN 117902891 B CN117902891 B CN 117902891B
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张志新
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Abstract

本发明属于磁性材料技术领域,公开了一种单畴结构高频高工作磁密锰锌软磁铁氧体及制备方法。本发明的一种单畴结构高频高工作磁密锰锌软磁铁氧体材料包含主成分和辅助成分,主成分包括Fe2O3、ZnO、Mn3O4,辅助成分包括CaCO3、Nb2O5、Bi2O5、CuO、Co2O3、Ta2O5。本发明的MnZn铁氧体,采用掺杂低熔点物质Bi2O5及CuO,实现液相烧结,抑制晶粒长大;为了使晶粒进一步细化均匀,将粉料按平衡氧分压进行预烧,最大程度生成尖晶石相,降低粉料活性。通过上述配方和工艺,成功制作出晶粒尺寸3~5μm的单畴结构满足在3MHz,50mT和5MHz,30mT高频高工作磁密锰锌软磁铁氧体。

Description

一种单畴结构高频高工作磁密锰锌软磁铁氧体及制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于磁性材料技术领域,具体涉及一种单畴结构高频高工作磁密锰锌软磁铁氧体及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着电子产品的小型化发展,要求开关电源体积小、重量轻,要缩小体积和重量就要提高开关电源工作频率,而制约这一目标实现的关键技术之一就是高频低损耗铁氧体材料技术。未来几年,第三代半导体材料的工作频率会更高,尤其是GaN电源的发展对高频低损耗锰锌功率铁氧体材料提出了新的需求。目前,国内大多数企业生产的功率铁氧体材料少数能够生产工作频率在1MHz~3MHz的高频铁氧体材料。随着磁通密度Bm和频率f的提高,现有材料均呈现出功耗急剧增大的趋势,因此目前的材料在3MHz~5MHz频率段几乎都只能在10mT等较低的磁通密度下工作,仍不能满足电源行业通过高频化实现小体积、大容量、高能效的要求。所以,应该着眼于在控制功耗的前提下提高材料性能因数,以有效地提高器件的功率密度,实现小型化和高能效化,性能因数为在规定软磁材料的最大功耗限度下,能应用的磁通密度与最大工作频率乘积的最大值,或能应用的最大磁通密度与工作频率乘积的最大值,性能因数越大,表明材料的工作磁通密度或频率越高,表明其传输效率越高,性能越优,更有利于适应高频率、小型化器件应用,因此3MHz~5MHz、工作磁密在30mT~50mT的高频高工作磁密低损耗MnZn功率铁氧体材料研究具有重要意义。
公开号为CN110517840A的中国专利公开了宽温高频低损耗材料,但其在25℃、3MHz、10mT条件下损耗有570mW/cm3,公开号为CN107082634A的中国专利技术方案在25℃、3MHz、10mT条件下损耗有336mW/cm3,由于应用的磁通密度越高,损耗越大,表明这些材料在3MHz~5MHz,工作磁密在30mT~50mT下的损耗性能较差。
公开号为CN112456994A的中国专利公开了一种低温烧结高频低损耗MnZn软磁铁氧体及其制备方法,其主成分中Fe2O3含量较低,ZnO含量较高,在空气中预烧,且对预烧工艺没有进行精细控制,该发明主要是通过纳米掺杂实现低温烧结,使用珠磨机得到适当范围的D90-D50,实现3MHz~5MHz、工作磁密在50mT~80mT场景下的低损耗性能。
公告号为CN113277840B的中国专利授权了一种高频高工作磁密低损耗猛锌铁氧体及制备方法,其主成分中Fe2O3含量较低,ZnO含量较高,且预烧氧含量较高,没有进行预烧温度与氧含量相匹配的技术设计,该发明的应用条件是1MHz,100mT,其应用频率远低于3MHz~5MHz。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种单畴结构高频高工作磁密锰锌软磁铁氧体及其制备方法。本发明的MnZn铁氧体材料:1.通过掺杂高价物质Nb2O5和Ta2O5,使晶粒得到细化,提高材料截止频率。2.掺杂低熔点物质Bi2O5和CuO,实现液相烧结,降低烧结温度,减小晶粒尺寸,降低涡流损耗。3.对预烧粉料以平衡氧分压的方式进行预烧,通过实验得到合理的升温速率、预烧温度、降温速率及平衡氧分压等相关烧结参数,使粉料很大程度生成尖晶石相,降低粉料活性,使晶粒大小均匀,防止烧结时出现异常长大晶粒。4.通过上述高价离子掺杂及低熔点物质掺杂,并配合优化预烧工艺,使晶粒细化,形成晶粒尺寸为3~5μm的单畴结构。根据预烧工艺并辅助合理的配方体系,成功实现在3MHz~5MHz、工作磁密在30mT~50mT条件下材料高频低损耗性能。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案如下:
一种单畴结构高频高工作磁密锰锌软磁铁氧体,包含主成分和辅助成分,其中,主成分包括Fe2O3:71.5~75.5wt%,ZnO:1.2~2.5wt%,其余为Mn3O4,按主成分总重量计,所述辅助成分包括CaCO3:800~1500ppm、Bi2O5:50~300ppm、Co2O3:2000~3000ppm、Nb2O5:100~400ppm、Ta2O5:600~1500ppm、CuO:500~1000ppm;
其中,主成分砂磨混合后需以平衡氧分压方式预烧:第一阶段预烧温度为800~900℃,保温4~6h,平衡氧含量为0.8~1.2%;第二阶段降温至600~700℃,保温1~2h,平衡氧含量为0.3~0.5%,最后降温至室温。
优选的,主成分包括Fe2O3:72.0~73.5wt%,ZnO:1.2~1.8wt%,其余为Mn3O4
优选的,辅助成分为CaCO3:900~1200ppm、Bi2O5:100~200ppm、Co2O3:2200~2800ppm 、Nb2O5:150~300ppm、Ta2O5:800~1200ppm、CuO:600~900ppm;
优选的,主成分砂磨混合后需以平衡氧分压方式预烧:第一阶段预烧温度为850~900℃,保温4~6h,平衡氧含量为1.0~1.2%;第二阶段降温至650~700℃,保温1~2h,平衡氧含量为0.35~0.45%,最后降温至室温。
一种单畴结构高频高工作磁密锰锌软磁铁氧体的制备方法,主要包括以下步骤:
步骤1:配料,按照比例称重Fe2O3、ZnO和Mn3O4,然后进行砂磨混合;
步骤2:预烧,对步骤1中所得混合料以平衡氧分压方式预烧;
步骤3:砂磨,对步骤2所得预烧料振磨,然后按照比例加入辅助成分,再进行砂磨;
步骤4:造粒,对砂磨后的料浆烘干并造粒;
步骤5:压制成型;
步骤6:烧结。
其中,步骤1中进行湿法砂磨混合,混合时间为10~20min。
其中,步骤2中,以平衡氧分压方式预烧:先以2~5℃/min升温至400~600℃,然后以1~3℃/min升温至800~900℃,保温4~6h,平衡氧含量为0.8~1.2%,然后以1~2℃/min降温至600~700℃,保温1~2h,平衡氧含量为0.3~0.5%,最后,2~4℃/min降温至室温;
优选的,所述步骤2中,以平衡氧分压方式预烧:先以2~5℃/min升温至500~600℃,然后以1~3℃/min升温至850~900℃,保温4~6h,平衡氧含量为1.0~1.2%;然后以1~2℃/min降温至650~700℃,保温1~2h,平衡氧含量为0.35~0.45%,最后以2~4℃/min降温至室温。
其中,步骤3中,砂磨时间是50~90min。
其中,步骤6中的烧结温度为800~1100℃,烧结保温时间为4~8h,平衡氧含量为1.5~3.0%。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:
(1)该高频材料适用于3MHz~5MHz的场景,满足电源行业通过高频化实现小体积、大容量、高能效的要求;
(2)本材料在低功耗的前提下提高材料性能因数,有效地提高器件的功率密度,实现小型化和高能效化;
(3)本发明的锰锌软磁铁氧体,在3MHz~5MHz条件下具有高工作磁密低损耗等特点,达到技术性能、指标和参数如下:
磁损耗 Pcv≤370kW/m3(T=25℃,f=3MHz,B=50mT);
Pcv≤400kW/m3(T=100℃,f=3MHz,B=50mT);
Pcv≤490kW/m3(T=25℃,f=5MHz,B=30mT);
Pcv≤590kW/m3(T=100℃,f=5MHz,B=30mT)。
本发明的一种单畴结构高频高工作磁密锰锌软磁铁氧体具有高频化、高工作磁通密度和低损耗等优良磁性特点,满足电源行业通过高频化实现小体积、大容量、高能效的要求,有效地提高器件的功率密度,实现小型化,可应用电源开关等领域。
附图说明
图1为实施例1材料的SEM图。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体的实施案例,对本发明所制备的一种单畴结构高频高工作磁密锰锌软磁铁氧体及制备工艺进一步具体说明。根据以下制备方法制备出实施例1、实施例2、实施例3、实施例4和实施例5五种MnZn铁氧体材料。
实施例1:一种单畴结构高频高工作磁密锰锌软磁铁氧体,包含主成分和辅助成分,其中,主成分包括Fe2O3:72.0wt%,ZnO:1.2wt%,其余为Mn3O4,按主成分总重量计,所述辅助成分包括CaCO3:1200ppm、Bi2O5:100ppm、Nb2O5:100ppm、Co2O3:2500ppm、Ta2O5:1000ppm、CuO:1000ppm;
其中,主成分砂磨混合后需以平衡氧分压方式预烧:第一阶段预烧温度为850℃,保温4h,平衡氧含量为1.0%;第二阶段降温至650℃,保温1h,平衡氧含量为0.4%,最后降温至室温。
一种单畴结构高频高工作磁密锰锌软磁铁氧体的制备方法如下:
步骤1:配料,按照比例称重主成分,然后进行湿法砂磨混合,混合时间为15min;
步骤2:预烧,对步骤1的混合粉料烘干后在钟罩炉以平衡氧分压方式预烧:先以4℃/min升温至500℃,然后以1.5℃/min升温至850℃,保温4h,平衡氧含量为1.0%,然后以1.5℃/min降温至650℃,保温1h,平衡氧含量为0.4%,最后3℃/min降温至室温;
步骤3:砂磨,对步骤2所得预烧料振磨,然后按照比例加入辅助成分,且砂磨时间是70min;
步骤4:造粒,对砂磨后的料浆烘干并造粒;
步骤5:压制成型,压制成尺寸为环形生坯;
步骤6:烧结,烧结温度为1090℃,保温时间为5h,平衡氧含量为1.6%。
实施例2:一种单畴结构高频高工作磁密锰锌软磁铁氧体,由主成分和辅助成分组成,与实施例1相比,不同之处在于,步骤1的配料中主成分Fe2O3:73.5wt%,ZnO:1.5wt%,其余为Mn3O4
实施例3:一种单畴结构高频高工作磁密锰锌软磁铁氧体,由主成分和辅助成分组成,与实施例1相比,不同之处在于,步骤2的预烧温度是900℃。
实施例4:一种单畴结构高频高工作磁密锰锌软磁铁氧体,由主成分和辅助成分组成,与实施例1相比,不同之处在于,步骤2的预烧温度为850℃,保温6h,平衡氧含量为1.2%。
实施例5:一种单畴结构高频高工作磁密锰锌软磁铁氧体,由主成分和辅助成分组成,与实施例1相比,不同之处在于,步骤3按照比例加入辅助成分:CaCO3:1200ppm、Bi2O5:150ppm、Nb2O5:100ppm、Co2O3:2500ppm、Ta2O5:1000ppm、CuO:800ppm,砂磨且砂磨时间是70min。
将经上述步骤制得的样环进行功耗Pcv测试。测试条件分别为:在3MHz,50mT和5MHz,30mT的条件下测试Pcv,性能记录于下表1。
表1 实施例材料的功耗性能
通过表1发现:通过低熔点物质掺杂、平衡氧分压预烧并设定适当烧结曲线,可以成功制作出晶粒尺寸3~5μm的单畴结构铁氧体(实施例1材料的SEM图见图1),使材料高频高工作磁密下,尤其是3 MHz~5MHz,30-50mT条件下的损耗明显降低。
以上所述仅为本发明的一些实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此。

Claims (9)

1.一种单畴结构高频高工作磁密锰锌软磁铁氧体,包含主成分和辅助成分,其特征在于,主成分包括Fe2O3:71.5~75.5wt%,ZnO:1.2~2.5wt%,其余为Mn3O4,按主成分总重量计,辅助成分包括CaCO3:800~1500ppm、Bi2O5:50~300ppm、Co2O3:2000~3000ppm、Nb2O5:100~400ppm、Ta2O5:600~1500ppm、CuO:500~1000ppm;
其中,主成分砂磨混合后需以平衡氧分压方式预烧:第一阶段,先以2~5℃/min升温至400~600℃,然后以1~3℃/min升温至800~900℃,保温4~6h,平衡氧含量为0.8~1.2%;第二阶段以1~2℃/min降温至600~700℃,保温1~2h,平衡氧含量为0.3~0.5%,最后以2~4℃/min降温至室温。
2.根据权利要求1所述的单畴结构高频高工作磁密锰锌软磁铁氧体,其特征在于,所述主成分包括Fe2O3:72.0~73.5wt%,ZnO:1.2~1.8wt%,其余为Mn3O4
3.根据权利要求1所述的单畴结构高频高工作磁密锰锌软磁铁氧体,其特征在于,所述辅助成分为CaCO3:900~1200ppm、Bi2O5:100~200ppm、Co2O3:2200~2800ppm、Nb2O5:150~300ppm、Ta2O5:800~1200ppm、CuO:600~900ppm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的单畴结构高频高工作磁密锰锌软磁铁氧体,其特征在于,所述主成分砂磨混合后需以平衡氧分压方式预烧:第一阶段预烧温度为850~900℃,保温4~6h,平衡氧含量为1.0~1.2%;第二阶段降温至650~700℃,保温1~2h,平衡氧含量为0.35~0.45%,最后降温至室温。
5.权利要求1-3任一所述软磁铁氧体的制备方法,其特征在于,主要包括以下步骤:
步骤1:配料,按照比例称重Fe2O3、ZnO和Mn3O4,然后进行砂磨混合;
步骤2:预烧,对步骤1中所得混合料以平衡氧分压方式预烧;
步骤3:砂磨,对步骤2所得预烧料振磨,然后按照比例加入辅助成分,再进行砂磨;
步骤4:造粒,对砂磨后的料浆烘干并造粒;
步骤5:压制成型;
步骤6:烧结。
6.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤1中,进行湿法砂磨混合,混合时间为10~20min。
7.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤2中,以平衡氧分压方式预烧:先以2~5℃/min升温至500~600℃,然后以1~3℃/min升温至850~900℃,保温4~6h,平衡氧含量为1.0~1.2%;然后以1~2℃/min降温至650~700℃,保温1~2h,平衡氧含量为0.35~0.45%,最后以2~4℃/min降温至室温。
8.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤3中,砂磨时间是50~90min。
9.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤6中,烧结温度为800~1100℃,烧结保温时间为4~8h,平衡氧含量为1.5~3.0%。
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