CN1128758A - 哒嗪酮及其作为杀真菌剂的应用 - Google Patents

哒嗪酮及其作为杀真菌剂的应用 Download PDF

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CN1128758A
CN1128758A CN95119256A CN95119256A CN1128758A CN 1128758 A CN1128758 A CN 1128758A CN 95119256 A CN95119256 A CN 95119256A CN 95119256 A CN95119256 A CN 95119256A CN 1128758 A CN1128758 A CN 1128758A
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S·H·沙博
R·劳思
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Abstract

具有式I的杀真菌活性化合物,式(I)中W是CH3-O-X=C-CO(V)CH3;X是N或CH;V是O或NH;R4和R5独立地选自氢和取代或未取代的烷基和芳基,Q是取代或未取代的芳基。

Description

哒嗪酮及其作为杀真菌剂的应用
本发明涉及哒嗪酮及相关化合物,含有这些化合物的组合物和使用杀真菌毒性量的这些化合物防治真菌的方法。
1991年9月13日公开的题目为“二氢哒嗪酮,哒嗪酮和相关化合物以及它们作为杀真菌剂的应用”的专利申请91—308.404.2公开了作为有效的杀真菌剂的哒嗪酮化合物。本发明是新的组合物,业已发现这些组合物也具有杀真菌特性。
本发明的哒嗪酮具有下式I结构
Figure A9511925600061
其中W是CH3—O—A=C—CO(V)CH3;A是N或CH;V是O或NH;
R4和R5独立地选自氢、(C1—C8)烷基、(C1—C8)烷氧基、氰基、卤(C1—C12)烷基、(C2—C8)炔基、(C3—C10)炔基、芳基和芳烷基,其中上述(C1—C8)烷氧基、卤(C1—C12)烷基、(C2—C8)烷基、(C2—C8)炔基和(C3—C10)炔基可被至多3个选自卤素、硝基和三卤甲基的取代基所取代或不取代;
Q选自具有下式的基因:
其中Y是O或S并与哒嗪环形成一直接键,
R3和R6独立地选自氢、卤素、氰基、硝基、三卤甲基、甲基、苯基、苯氧基、取代或不取代的卤代(C1—C4)烷基、(C1—C4)烷硫基、(C1—C4)烷基亚砜和(C1—C18)烷氧基;
R1和R2独立地选自氢、(C1—C4)烷基、(C1—C4)烷氧基、卤素、氰基、硝基;
X是O、S或被卤素或(C1—C4)烷氧基取代的碳。
术语“芳基”包括苯基或萘基,其可被至多3个选自下列基团的取代基所取代:卤素、氰基、硝基、三卤甲基、甲基、苯基、苯氧基、取代或不取代的卤代(C1—C4)烷基、(C1—C4)烷硫基、(C1—C4)烷基亚砜和(C1—C18)烷氧基。
典型的芳基取代基包括但不限于4—氯苯基、4—氟苯基、4—溴苯基、2—甲氧基苯基、2,4—二溴苯基、3,5—二氟苯基、2,4,6—三氯苯基、4—甲氧基苯基、2—氯萘基、2,4—二甲氧基苯基、4—(三氟甲基)苯基、2,4—二碘萘基、2—碘—4—甲基苯基。
术语“芳烷基”用于描述这样的基团,其中烷基链具有1—5个碳原子,即可以是支链也可以是直链,优选直链,其芳基部分如上所定义。典型的芳烷基取代基包括但不限于2,4—二氯苄基、2,4—二溴苄基、2,4,6—三氯苄基、3,5—二甲氧基苯乙基、2,4,5—三甲基苯丁基、2,4—二溴萘丁基、2,4—二氯苯乙基等等。
卤素是指碘、氟、溴和氯。
由于C=C或C=N双键,通式I的新化合物可以作为E/Z异构体混合物制得。这些异构体可用常规方法分离成单个组分。单个的异构体化合物和它们的混合物这两种形式均构成本发明的主题,它们可用作杀真菌剂。
本发明的优选实施方案是这样的式(I)的化合物,对映体,盐和复合物,其中R4和R5是氢,Q是苯基或优选被2个独立地选自卤素、三卤甲基、氰基、(C1—C4)烷基、(C1—C4)烷硫基、(C1—C4)烷氧基或苯基的取代基所取代的苯基。
本发明的更优选实施方案是这样的式(I)的化合物,对映体,盐和复合物,其中R4和R5是氢,Q是苯基,或在3或4位或3,4位上被卤素取代的苯基且当X是CH时,Y是O;当X是N时,Y是O或NH。当X是CH或N时优选的几何构型是E异构体。
本发明的典型化合物包括下表1所示的化合物:
                      表1EX#    Q            R-4    R-5    A     V1    2CN(AR)        H      H      CH    O2    2NO2(AR)      H      H      CH    O3    2ARO(AR)       H      H      CH    O4    2,3Cl3(AR)   H      H      CH    O5    2CH3(AR)      H      H      CH    O6    4NO2(AR)      H      H      CH    O7    ARCH2         H      H      CH    O8    2Cl(ARCH2)    H      H      CH    O9    3Cl(ARCH2)    H      H      CH    O10   4Cl(ARCH2)    H      H      CH    OEX#       O              R-4      R-5   A    V11    3,4Cl(ARCH2)     H        H    CH    O12    4Br(ARCH2)        H        H    CH    O13    3,5Cl(ARCH2)     H        H    CH    O14    2CN(ARCH2)        H        H    CH    O15    4RCH2CH2          H        H    CH    O16    2Cl(ARCH2CH2)    H        H    CH    O17    3Cl(ARCH2CH2)    H        H    CH    O18    3,4Cl(ARCH2CH2) H        H    CH    O19    2CN(ARCH2CH2)    H        H    CH    O20    2NO2(AR)          H        H    N     O21    2ARO(AR)           H        H    N     O22    2Cl(AR)            H        H    N     O23    3Cl(AR)            H        H    N     O24    4Cl(AR)            H        H    N     O25    2CN(AR)            H        H    N     O26    ARCH2(AR)         H        H    N     O27    2Cl(ARCH2)        H        H    N     O28    3Cl(ARCH2)        H        H    N     O29    4Cl(ARCH2)        H        H    N     O30    2CN(ARCH2)        H        H    N     O31    ARCH2CH2        H        H    N     O32    2Cl(ARCH2CH2)   H        H    N     O33    3Cl(ARCH2CH2)   H        H    N     O34    4Cl(ARCH2CH2)   H        H    N     O35    2CN(ARCH2CH2)   H        H    N     O36    2NO2(AR)           H        H    N     NH37    2ARO(AR)           H        H    N     NH38    2Cl(AR)            H        H    N     NH39    3Cl(AR)            H        H    N     NH40    4Cl(AR)            H        H    N     NHEX#    O               R-4    R-5  A    V41    2CN(AR)          H      H    N    NH42    3CN(AR)          H      H    N    NH43    2Br(AR)          H      H    N    NH44    3Br(AR)          H      H    N    NH45    4Br(AR)          H      H    N    NH46    3CN(AR)          H      H    N    NH47    2F(AR)           H      H    N    NH48    3F(AR)           H      H    N    NH49    4F(AR)           H      H    N    NH50    2Cl(AR)          H      H    N    NH51    3Cl(AR)          H      H    N    NH52    4Cl(ARCH2)      H      H    N    NH53    2CN(ARCH2)      H      H    N    NH54    2Cl(ARCH2CH2)  H      H    N    NH55    3Cl(ARCH2CH2)  H      H    N    NH56    4Cl(ARCH2CH2)  H      H    H    NH
其中AR是苯基。
本发明的哒嗪酮可通过常规合成途径制备。例如当式(I)中X是CH,Y是O时,化合物可如方案A所示制备:
                      方案A
Figure A9511925600111
4,5,6—三取代—3(2H)—哒嗪酮与E—α—(2—溴甲基苯基)—β—甲氧基丙烯酸甲酯的反应在非质子传递溶剂如N,N—二甲基甲酰胺中,在碱如金属氢化物,优选NaH存在下进行。4,5,6—三取代—3(2H)—哒嗪酮可如EP308404所述制备。作为单—E异构体的E—α—(2—溴甲基苯基)—β—甲氧基丙烯酸甲酯可如美国专利4,914,128所述,由2—甲基苯基乙酸酯分两步来制备。另外,如方案B所示,可使4,5,6—三取代—3(2H)—哒嗪酮与2—(溴甲基)苯基乙醛酸甲酯反应,接着如EP348766,EP178826和DE3705389所述与甲氧甲基三苯基正膦进行维悌希缩合反应。
                      方案B当式(I)中X是N,V是O时,化合物可如方案C所示制备:
方                    案C4,5,6—三取代—3(2H)—哒嗪酮与E—2—(溴甲基)苯基乙醛酸甲酯O—甲基肟的反应在非质子传递溶剂如N,N—二甲基甲酰胺中,在碱如金属氢化物,优选NaH存在下进行。2—(溴甲基)苯基乙醛酸甲酯O—甲基肟可如USP4,999,042和5,157,144所述制备。在碱性条件下用亚硝酸烷基酯处理2—甲基苯基乙酸甲酯,在甲基化后得到2—甲基苯基乙醛酸甲酯O—甲基肟,后者也可由2—甲基苯基乙醛酸甲酯径用2—羟胺盐酸盐处理和甲基化或经用甲氧基胺盐酸盐处理制得。另外,如方案D所示,可使4,5,6—三取代—3(2H)—哒嗪酮与2—(溴甲基)—苯基乙醛酸甲酯反应,随后与甲氧基胺盐酸盐反应,或与羟胺盐酸盐反应,接着进行甲基化。
                           方案D
Figure A9511925600131
同样,当式(I)中X是N时,化合物可按方案E制备:
                           方案E
Figure A9511925600132
美国专利5,185,342,5221,691和5,194,662已叙述了肟基乙酸酯氨解为肟基乙酰胺。在方案E中,用40%甲胺甲醇水溶液处理本发明的2—甲氧基亚氨基乙酸酯(IV),得到2—甲氧基亚氨基乙酰胺(V);。另外,在方案F中,非质子传递溶剂如二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)中,在碱如金属氢化物,优选NaH存在下使4,5,6—三取代—3(2H)—哒嗪酮与N—甲基E—2—甲氧基亚氨基—2—[2—(溴甲基)苯基]乙酰胺反应。WO9419331叙述了N—甲基E—2—甲氧基亚氨基—2—[2—(溴甲基)苯基]乙酰胺。
                      方案F
Figure A9511925600141
最后,如EP585571所述和方案G所示,肟基乙酰胺(V)可由酮酯(III)如下制成:用含水甲胺进行氨解,用甲氧基胺盐酸盐处理或用羟胺盐酸盐进行处理,随后进行甲基化。
                      方案G:
Figure A9511925600142
表2中的下列实施例用来说明本发明。
                        表2
EX#    O                    R-4  R-5  A     V
57    4Cl(AR)               H    H    CH    O
58    2CH3(AR)-O           H    H    CH    O
59    3CH3(AR)-O           H    H    CH    O
60    4CH3(AR)-O           H    H    CH    O
61    2Cl(AR)-O             H    H    CH    O
62    3Cl(AR)-O             H    H    CH    O
63    4Cl(AR)-O             H    H    CH    O
64    2CN(AR)-O             H    H    CH    O
65    3CN(AR)-O             H    H    CH    O
66    3Cl,4F(AR)           H    H    CH    O
67    AR                    AR   CN   CH    O
68    4Br(AR)               H    H    CH    O
69    3,5Cl(AR)            H    H    CH    O
70    3,4Cl(AR)            H    H    CH    O
71    4F(AR)                H    H    CH    O
72    4SCH3(AR)            H    H    CH    O
73    4SO2CH3(AR)         H    H    CH    O
74    3Cl(AR)               H    H    CH    O
75    2-萘基                H    H    CH    O
76    3,4Cl(AR)            H    H    N     O
77    AR                    H    H    CH    O
78    3,4Cl(AR)            H    H    N     NH
79    3-噻吩基              H    H    CH    O
80    4-AR(AR)              H    H    CH    O
81    4OCH3(AR)            H    H    CH    O
82    4ARO(AR)              H    H    CH    O
83    1-萘基                H    H    CH    O
84    2OC2H5,5C3H7(AR)H    H    CH    O
85    2CF3(AR)             H    H    CH    O
86    4OCH3-1-萘基         H    H    CH    O
87    2OC18H37,5C3H7AR H    H    CH    OEX#    O              R-4        R-5    A     V88    3CF3(AR)       H          H      CH    O89    3NO2(AR)       H          H      CH    O90    3ARO(AR)        H          H      CH    O91    3CN(AR)         H          H      CH    O92    4CN(AR)         H          H      CH    O93    3CH3(AR)       H          H      CH    O94    AR           CH2(3-噻吩基)H      CH    O95    2-噻吩基     CH2AR(3,4CL)H      CH    O96    2-噻吩基        AR         H      CH    O97    2-噻吩基   CH2AR(3CF3) H      CH    O98    4Cl(AR)         H         C4H9 CH    O99    5Br-2-噻吩基    H          H      CH    O100   2OH(AR)         H          H      CH    O101   2-吡啶基        H          H      CH    O102   3-吡啶基        H          H      CH    O103   2OCH3(AR)      H          H      CH    O
其中AR是苯基。
本发明的化合物可按照下列程序制备:
                     实施例1
α—[2—(6′—(4″—氯苯基)哒嗪—3’—酮—2’—基)—甲基苯基]—β—甲氧基丙烯酸甲酯的制备(表2,Ex.57)
向配备有磁性搅拌器,氮气入口和均压侧臂加料漏斗的干燥的100ml三颈烧瓶中装入0.3g(7.3mmoles)60%氢化钠油悬液和10ml无水的二甲基甲酰胺。在环境温度下滴加1.5g(7.3mmoles)6—(4—氯苯基)—3(2H)—哒嗪酮的20ml二甲基甲酰胺溶液,在氮气、环境温度下搅拌反应共2小时。然后用100ml水中止反应,用乙酸乙酯(3×100ml)进行萃取。有机萃取物用100ml水,100ml饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤,用无水硫酸镁干燥并过滤。经减压蒸发浓缩滤液,得到2.1g标题化合物,为粘稠的黄色油状物。
                         实施例2
2—[2—(6′—(3″,4″—二氯苯基)哒嗪—3’—酮—2’—基)—甲基苯基]—2—甲氧基亚氨基乙酸甲酯的制备(表2,Ex.76)
向配备有磁性搅拌器,氮气入口和均压侧臂加料漏斗的干燥的100ml三颈烧瓶装入0.17g(4.15mmoles)60%氢化钠油悬液和10ml无水的二甲基甲酰胺。在环境温度下滴加1.0g(4.15mmoles)6—(3,4—二氯苯基)—3(2H)—哒嗪酮的20ml二甲基甲酰胺溶液。在室温下搅拌溶液1小时。在室温下滴加1.2g(4.15mmoles)2—溴甲基苯基乙醛酸甲酯O—甲基肟的20ml二甲基甲酰胺溶液,在氮气、环境温度下搅拌反应共3小时。然后用100ml水中止反应,用乙酸乙酯(3×100ml)进行萃取。有机萃取物用100ml水,100ml饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤,用无水硫酸镁干燥并过滤。经减压蒸发浓缩滤液,得到1.6g深色液体,用100%乙酸乙酯作洗脱剂进行硅胶色谱,得到1.2g标题化合物,为粘稠的淡黄色液体。
                      实施例3
N—甲基2—[2—(6′—(3″,4″—二氯苯基)哒嗪—3’—酮—2’—基)—甲基苯基]—2—甲氧基亚氨基乙酰胺的制备(表2,Ex.77)
向50ml配有磁性搅拌器的烧瓶中装入0.5g2—[2—(6′—(3″,4″—二氯苯基)哒嗪—3’—酮—2’—基)—甲基苯基]—2—甲氧基亚氨基乙酸甲酯(1.12mmoles)和20ml无水甲醇。在搅拌下,将0.5ml40%含水甲胺加到甲醇溶液中,在环境温度下搅拌反应共48小时。然后经减压蒸发浓缩溶液,并将残余物溶于100ml乙酸乙酯中。有机萃取物用100ml水和100ml饱和氯化钠深液洗涤,用无水硫酸镁干燥并过滤。经减压蒸发浓缩滤液,得到0.5g产物,为浅褐色固体。
                         实施例4
表2中所列化合物的NMR数据(200MHz)如下:实施例1H NMR(CDCl3).TMS=0ppm:
57    3.6(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),5.3(s,2H),6.9(d,1H),7.1(m,1H),7.2-7.5(m,5H),
      7.55-7.8(m,4H)
58    2.0(s3,H),3.6(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),4.7-5.3.(bs,2H),6.9(m,2H),7.1-
      7.4(m,8H),7.5(s,1H)
59    2.3(s,3H),3.6(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),4.4-5.4.(bd,2H),6.8(m,2H),6.9-
      7.3(m,8H),7.5(s,1H)
60    2.4(s,3H),3.6(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),4.5-5.4(bd,2H),6.8-7.4(m,10H),
      7.5(s,1H)
61    3.6(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),4.6-5.3.(bs,2H),6.9(d,1H),7.0-7.3(m,8H),
      7.4(m,1H),7.5(s,1H)
62    3.6(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),4.5-5.5.(bd,2H),6.9(m,1H),7.0(d,1H),7.1-
      7.4(m,8H),7.5(s,1H)
63    3.6(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),4.5-5.5.(bd,2H),6.8-7.1(m,4H),7.1-7.4(m,6H),
      7.5(s,1H)
64    3.6(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),4.4-5.6.(bd,2H),6.9-7.4(m,8H),7.5(s,1H)7.6-
      7.8(m,2H)
65    3.6(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),4.4-5.6.(bd,2H),7.0(q,2H),7.1-7.4(m,8H)
      7.5(m,1H)
66    3.6(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),5.4(bs,2H),7.0(d,1H),7.2(m,1H)7.35(m,2H),
      7.4-7.5(m,3H),7.5-7.6(m,3H)
67    3.6(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),5.0-5.8(bd,2H),6.9(d,2H),7.1-7.3(m,6H)7.35-
      7.5(m,5H),7.6(s,2H)
68    3.6(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),5.4(bs,2H),7.0(d,1H),7.15(m,1H),7.3(m,2H),
      7.45(m,1H),7.5-7.6(m,6H)
69    3.6(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),5.4(bs,2H),7.0(d,1H),7.2(m,1H),7.3-7.5(m,4H),
      7.55-7.7(m,4H)
70    3.6(5,3H),3.8(s,3H),5.4(bs,2H),7.0(d,1H),7.2(m,1H),7.3-7.7(m,7H),
      7.8(s,1H)
71    3.6(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),5.4(bs,2H),7.0-7.25(m,4H),7.3-7.5(m,3H),7.6-
      7.8(m,4H)
72    2.5(s,3H),3.6(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),5.4(bs,2H),7.0(d,1H),7.1-7.5(m,6H),
      7.55-7.8(m,4H)实施例 1H NMR(CDCl3),TMS=0ppm:73    3.1(s,3H),3.6(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),5.3(bs,2H),7.0(d,1H),7.1-7.5(m,4H),
    7.6(s,1H),7.7(d,1h),7.8-8.1(m,4H)74    3.6(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),5.4(bs,2H),7.0(d,1H),7.1(m,1H),7.3-7.5(m,6H),
    7.55-7.9(m,3H)75    3.6(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),5.4(bs,2H),7.0(d,1H),7.1(m,1H),7.35(m,2H),
    7.5(m,3H),7.6(s,1H),7.8(d,1H),7.9(m,4H),8.1(s,1H)76    3.8(s,3H),4.1(s,3H),5.3(s,2H),7.0(d,1H),7.2(m,1H),7.4(m,2H),
    7.6(m,5H),7.9(s,1H)77    3.6(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),5.4(bs,2H),7.0(d,1H),7.2(m,1H),7.3-7.4(m,2H),
    7.45-7.6(m,5H),7.6(s,1H),7.7-7.85(m,2H)78    2.9(d,3H),3.9(s,3H),5.3(s,2H),7.0(m,2H),7.2(m,1H),7.4(m,2H),
    7.5-7.7(m,4H),7.9(s,1H)79    3.6(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),5.3(s,2H),7.0(d,1H),7.2(m,1H),7.3-7.7(m,8H)80    3.6(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),5.3(s,2H),7.0(d,1H),7.2(m,1H),7.3-7.9(m,14H)81    3.6(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),3.9(s,3H),5.3(s,2H),7.0(m,3H),7.2(m,1H),
    7.3(m,2H),7.4(m,1H),7.5-7.7(m,4H)82    3.6(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),5.3(s,2H),7.0-7.2(m,6H),7.3-7.5(m,5H),7.6-
    7.8(m,5H)83    3.5(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),4.9-5.8(bd,2H),7.0(d,1H),7.2-7.6(m,11H),7.8-
    7.95(m,2H)84    0.9(t,3H),1.4(t,3H),1.6(q,3H),2.5(t,2H),3.6(s,3H),3.9(s,3H),
    4.0(q,2H),5.3(s,2H),6.9(m,2H),7.1-7.5(m,6H),7.6(s,1H),7.7(d,1H)85    3.6(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),5.4(s,2H),7.0(d,1H),7.2(m,1H),7.3(m,2H),7.4-
    7.7(m,5H),7.9(d,1H),8.0(s,1H)86    3.5(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),4.0(s,3H),4.9-5.8(bd,2H),7.0(d,1H),7.2-
    7.7(m,10H),7.8(d,1H),8.2(d,1H)87    0.9-1.0(m,8H),1.1-1.5(m,28H),1.6-1.8(m,8H),2.5(t,2H),3.6(s,3H),
    3.9(s,3H),4.0(q,2H),5.3(s,2H),6.9(m,2H),7.1-7.5(m,6H),7.6(s,1H),
    7.7(d,1H)88    3.6(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),5.4(s,2H),7.0(d,1H),7.2(m,1 H),7.3(m,2H),
    7.4(m,1H),7.5-7.7(m,4H),7.9(d,1H),8.0(s,1H)89    3.6(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),5.4(s,2H),7.0(d,1H),7.2(m,1H),7.3(m,2H),
    7.45(m,1H),7.5-7.7(m,3H),8.0(d,1H),8.2(d,1H),8.6(s,1H)90    3.6(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),5.4(s,2H),6.9-7.7(m,16H)91    3.6(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),5.4(s,2H),7.0(d,1H),7.2(m,1H),7.3(m,2H),
    7.4(m,1H),7.5-7.7(m,4H),7.95(d,1H),8.1(s,1H)92    3.6(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),5.3(s,2H),7.0(d,1H),7.2(m,1H),7.3(m,2H),
    7.4(m,1H),7.5-7.9(m,6H)93    2.45(s,3H),3.6(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),5.4(s,2H),7.0(d,1H),7.1-7.8(m,10H)实施例 1H NMR(CDCl3).TMS=0ppm:94    3.5(s,3H),3.7(s,3H),4.0(s,2H),5.35(s,2H),7.0(m,1H),7.1-
    7.5(m,10H),7.6(m,3H)95    3.6(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),3.9(s,2H),5.35(s,2H),7.0(m,1H),7.1-
    7.5(m,10H),7.6(s,1H)96    3.6(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),3.9(s,2H),5.4(s,2H),7.0-7.2(m,2H),7.2-
    7.7(m,9H),7.8(m,3H)97    3.6(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),4.0(s,2H),5.35(s,2H),7.0-7.7(m,13H)98    1.0(t,3H),1.4(m,2H),1.6(m,2H),2.5(t,2H),3.6(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),
    5.4(s,2H),7.1(m,1H),7.2-7.5(m,7H),7.6-7.7(m,2H)99    3.7(s,3H),3.9(s,3H),5.35(s,2H),6.9(d,1H),7.1(t,2H),7.2(m,1H),
    7.3(m,3H),7.45(d,1H),7.6(s,1H)100   3.7(s,3H),3.9(s,3H),4.8-5.8(bs,2H),6.9(m,2H),7.1(d,1H),7.2-
    7.7(m,7H),7.8(d,1H),10.0(s,1H)101   3.6(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),5.4(s,2H),6.9(d,1H),7.1-7.55(m,5H),7.6(s,1H),
    7.7(t,1H),8.0(d,1H),8.3(d,1H),8.6(s,1H)102   3.6(s,3H),3.8(s,3H),5.3(s,2H),6.9(d,1H),7.15(m,1H),7.3(m,4H),
    7.4(m,1H)7.6(s,1H),8.0(d,1H),8.6(s,1H),9.0(s,1H)103   3.6(s,3H),3.75(s,3H),3.85(s,3H),5.3(bs,2H),6.8-7.1(m,4H),
    7.2(m,1H),7.25-7.5(m,4H),7.6(s,1H),7.7(d,1H)
                      实施例5
测试了本发明的许多化合物对下述病害的体内杀真菌活性。在对谷物(除用于测试稻瘟病的水稻植株之外)的试验中,在施用杀真菌化合物之前大约24小时修剪植株以提供相同的植株高度和便于均匀施用化合物及接种真菌。将化合物溶于水、丙酮和甲醇的2∶1∶1混合物中,喷施到植株上,使之干燥(4~6小时),然后用真菌接种植株。每个试验都使用对照植株,其上喷有水、丙酮和甲醇混合物并接种有真菌。每个试验技术的其余部分在下面给出,其结果以病害控制百分率(用本发明化合物处理的没有病害征兆或症状的植株与未处理的对照植株相比的百分数)列于表3中,100被认为病害全部得到控制,0被认为病害未得到控制。真菌如下引接到试验植株上:
                    小麦白粉病(WPM)
在65°~70°F的调温室内,在麦苗上培养禾白粉菌(f.sp.tritici)。将霉病孢子从培养植株上摇到麦苗上,麦苗已预先喷施过杀真菌化合物。将接种的麦苗置于65°~75°F的调温室内并用地下水灌溉。接种后的8~10天评定病害控制百分率。
                   小麦秆锈病(WSR)
在温室中,在Wanzer麦苗上培养禾秆锈菌(f.sp.tritici Race1513—2)14天。从染病植株上获取孢子的水悬液并将孢子浓度调节到每ml去离子水含大约2×105孢子。用Devilbiss喷雾器,以每平方吋5磅的气压给预先用杀真菌化合物处理过的Wanzer小麦植株喷施禾秆锈菌孢子悬液直至径流来进行接种。接种后,将植株置于大约75°F的潮湿环境中,在此植株暴露于12小时的持续黑暗中,随后最少接受3~4小时强度为大约500呎烛光的光照。室内温度不超过85°F。光照期结束时,将植物置于温室中,使它们生长2周,然后测定病害控制百分率。
                      稻瘟(RB)
用喷漆器将稻瘟病菌(Piricularia oryzae)喷施于Nato水稻植株的叶和茎上(大约每ml20,000个分生孢子)直到观察到叶上有一层/接种物的均匀薄膜。将接种的植株在潮湿环境(75°~85°F)中培育大约24小时,然后置于温室环境(70°~75°F)中。接种后7~8天,测定病害控制百分率。
                   水稻纹枯病(RSB)
在-500ml锥瓶中的碎米粒和马铃薯葡萄糖肉汤的高压灭菌混合物(每30ml马铃薯葡萄糖肉汤中含100g米粒)上培养丝核薄膜革菌(Pellicularia filamentosa f.sp.sasiki)。10天后,在掺合机中调合培养物以产生均匀的接种物。将大约1茶匙接种物撒布于每盒(直径3吋)土壤表面上的Lebonnet稻苗中间。将接种的稻苗在湿润箱(85°~90°F)中培育5天。从箱中移出稻苗后立即测定病害控制百分率。
                   小麦叶锈病(WLR)
在温室中,将小麦叶锈病菌(f.sp.tritici Races PKB和PLD)于7日龄小麦(栽培品种:Fielder)上培养14天。用旋风真空器或用铅箔从叶上收集孢子。用-250μm开孔的筛筛分孢子并储存或新鲜使用,使用密封袋在Ultralow冷冻器中储存。储存时,孢子必须在使用前于40°F热震荡2分钟。由干燥的夏孢子制备孢子悬液,每mlSoltrol油中加入20mg(9.5×106孢子)。将悬浮液置于与喷油器相连的明胶胶囊(0.7ml容量)中。20个栽有7日龄Fielder小麦的2平方时盆的每一平面使用1粒胶囊。待油从麦叶上蒸发至少15分钟后,将植株置于湿气暗室(18°~20℃和100%相对湿度)中24小时。然后将植株放在温室中过潜伏期并在10天后评定病害程度。为了进行保护和治病试验,在用杀真菌化合物喷淋植株之前分别接种植物1天或2天。
                  黄瓜霜霉病(CDM)
使黄瓜霜霉病菌保持在65°~75°F,有潮湿空气和中等光强度恒温室中的活Marketeer黄瓜植株的叶上7~8天。从染病的叶上获取孢子,制成水悬液,将孢子浓度调节到每ml水含大约1×105孢子。用Devilbiss喷雾器喷淋叶的下面接种到Marketeer黄瓜苗上直到看到叶上有小液滴。将接种后的植株在湿气室中于大约70°F培养24小时,然后在调温湿气室内于65°~75°F培养6~7天。接种后7天,测定病害控制百分率。
                  番茄晚疫病(TLB)
将番茄晚疫病菌在V8计加CaCO3琼脂上培养3~4周。用水从琼脂上洗下孢子并用Devilbiss喷雾器分散于已预先用试验杀真菌剂喷淋过的三周龄Pixie番茄植株的叶上。将接种的植物置于20℃湿润箱中24小时进行感染。然后将植株移到20℃调节环境室内,5天后评定植株的病害控制程度。
                  小麦颖枯病(SNW)
在暗处20℃培养箱中使小麦颖病菌在Czapek—Dox V—8汁琼脂平板上保持48—72小时,然后于20℃,12小时光照和12小时黑暗交替条件下培养。在去离子水中振荡具有真菌材料的平板部分并经粗棉布过滤得到孢子水悬液。将含有孢子的水悬液稀释至孢子浓度为每ml 3.0×106孢子。用Devilbiss喷雾器将接种物分散于已预先用杀真菌化合物喷淋过的一周龄Fielder小麦植株上。将接种的植物置于20℃,12小时光照和12小时黑暗交替的湿润箱中96小时。然后将接种的麦苗移到20℃调节环境的室内培育8天。以病害控制百分率记录病害控制值。
                   黄瓜白粉病(CPM)
在温室中使黄瓜白粉病菌保持在栽培品种Bush Champion黄瓜植株上。用每ml含有1滴吐温80的水从叶上洗下孢子制备接种物。振动植株后,将接种物滤过粗棉布并用喷射瓶喷雾器喷到植株上。然后将植株置于温室中进行感染和培育。接种后7天评定植株。以病害控制百分率记录病害控制值。
                    葡萄霜霉病(GDM)
在20℃,有潮湿空气和中等光强度的调温室中使葡萄霜霉病菌在载培品种Delaware活葡萄植株的叶上保持7—8天。从染病的叶上获取孢子制成水悬液,将孢子浓度调节到每ml水含大约3×105孢子。用Devilbiss喷雾器喷淋叶的下面接种到组织培养的Delaware葡萄植株上直到观察到叶上有小液滴。将接种后的植株在湿气室中于20℃培育24小时。接种后7天以病害控制百分率记录病害控制值。
                      灰霉病(BOT)
将几株灰葡萄孢保持在PDA上并储存于环境温度和室内光线下的封闭塑料箱中2—3周。用100ml自来水中含1.9g葡萄糖的溶液洗涤培养平板的形成真菌孢子的表面。用橡胶淀帚摩擦平板后,将溶液滤过2层粗棉布。用Devilbiss喷雾器将每ml含5—6.5×105孢子的孢子悬液喷施于Pixie番茄植物的上表面和下表面上。将植株置于100%RH,20℃,12小时交替光照与黑暗的调温室中。接种后7天以病害控制百分率记录病害控制值。
                   番茄早疫病(TEB)
用干燥的培养平板制备茄早疫病菌培养物。用去离子水覆盖培养平板并刮取孢子。将孢子溶液滤过两层粗棉布。用最终接种浓度为8×104孢子/ml的孢子溶液接种栽培品种San Marzano或Rut-gers番茄植株的上表面和下表面。将植株置于湿润箱中24小时。从湿润箱中取出接种的植株,置于温室中7—8天。以病害控制百分率记录药效值。
                                       表3EX.   剂量     BOT    CDM   GDM   RB   SNW  TLB  WLR  WPM   CPM   TEB(g/ha)57    300    75(75)   95    99    50   80   85   80   0     50    9558    300      0      25    50    0    0         0    0     0     059    300      0      60    50    0    0         0    0     0     060    300      0      0     50    0    0         0    0     5061    300      50     0     75    0    0         0    0     062    300      0      0     50    0    0         0    0     063    300      0      0     95    0    50        80   0     064    300      50     0     0     0    0         0    0     065    300      0      0     0     0    0         0  50(75)  5066    300      50     95    75    0         0               0     067    300    50(75)   95    50    0    0    0    50    0    0     068    300      90     100   75    50   90   75   95    0    90    6069    300      90     100   50    90   90   0    90    0    50    7570    300      90     100   99    90   95   50   90    50 75(75)  8071    300      75     85    90  90(75) 90   50   95    75   85    7572    300      75     90    75    80   90   0    90    0    50    073    300      75     0     0     0    0    0    95    0    0     074    300      95     80    95    90   100  85   99    50   100   6075    300    50(75)         100   50   0    0    90    75   076    300      0            0     0    0    0    0     0    0EX.    剂量      BOT     CDM    GDM    RB   SNW   TLB   WLR   WPM  CPM   TEB(g/ha)77     300       0              95     50   80    0     50    0    7578     300       0              0      0    0     0     0     0    079     300       0              75     0    0     0     0     0    5080     300       50           50(75)   0    80    0     0     0    081     300       0              50     0    50    0     0     0    082     300     75(75)           50     0    0     0     0     5083     300       50             0      0    0     75    75    084     300       50             90     0    0   50(75)  0     085     300       50             90     0    0     0     0     8586     300       50             90     0    0     75    0     5087     300       0              90     0    0     0     0     0    088     300       50             75     50   0     0     75    50   089     300       0              75     0    0     0     75    50   5090     300       0              75     0    0     0     0     0    091     300       0              50     0    0     0     0     0    092     300       0     50(75)          0    0     50    0     0    093     300       50      50            0    0     50    0     0    094     300       50   100(75)          0    0     75    0     0    095     300     50(75)    0             0    0     0     0     0    096     300       0       25            0    50    50    0     0    097     300       50      75            0    0     50    0     0    098     300       0            75(75)   0    0     0     50    0    099     300       0              95     50   90    75    95    0    0100    300       0            75(75)   0    0     0     0     0    0101    300       50             0      0    0     0     0     0    0102    300       50             0      0    0     50    0     0    50103    300     50(75)    95     0      0    0     0     0     0    0
符号(75)表示在75g/公顷下进行测试。
哒嗪酮及其对映体、酸加成盐和金属盐复合物可用作农业杀真菌剂,可将其施用于不同的部位如种子、土壤或叶片上。为此可将这些化合物制成工业或纯净形式使用,也可使用其溶液或制剂。通常将这些化合物溶于载体中或配成适于随后散布的形式。例如,可将这些化学剂配制成可湿性粉末、乳油、粉剂、颗粒制剂、气雾剂或可流动的乳油。在这类制剂中,化合物中搀杂有液体或固体载体,当需要时,加入适宜的表面活性剂。
特别是对于叶喷雾制剂而言,通常需要包括辅助剂如润湿剂、铺展剂、分散剂、粘结剂、粘合剂等,按照农业实践进行。常用于本领域的这类辅助剂和对辅助剂的论述可见于许多参考文献,如JohnW.Mclutcheon,Inc.publication“Detergent and Emulsifiers,Annual”。
一般说来,可将本发明的化合物溶于某些溶剂如丙酮、甲醇、乙醇、二甲基甲酰胺、吡啶或二甲亚砜中并且可用水稀释这样的溶液。溶液浓度变化范围为大约1%—90%,优选范围是大约5%—50%。
为了制备乳油,可将化合物连同乳化剂一起溶于适宜的有机溶剂或溶剂与溶剂的混合物中以提高化合物在水中的分散性。乳油中有效成分的浓度通常为大约10%—90%,而在可流动的乳油中,可高达大约75%。
将化合物与细碎的固体如粘土、无机硅酸盐和碳酸盐以及硅石混合并掺加润湿剂、粘结剂和/或分散剂于这样的混合物中可制得适于喷雾的可湿性粉末。在这类制剂中有效成分的浓度范围通常为大约20%—99%,优选大约40%—75%。将50份哒嗪酮,45份合成沉淀水化二氧化硅如以商品名Hi—SilR销售的产品和5份木素磺酸钠混合制得典型的可湿性粉末。在另一制剂中用高岭土型(Barden)粘土代替上述可湿性粉末中的Hi—Sil,而在另一这样的制剂中用以商品名ZeolexR7销售的合成硅铅酸钠代替25%Hi—Sil。
粉剂的制备方法是将哒嗪酮或其对映体、盐和复合物与性质上可以是有机的或无机的细碎惰性固体混合。可用于这一目的的材料包括植物粉、硅石、硅酸盐、碳酸盐和粘土。制备粉剂的一个便利方法是用细碎的载体稀释可湿性粉末。通常是先制成含有大约20%—80%有效成分的粉末高浓物,然后稀释成大约1%—10%的使用浓度。
可将哒嗪酮及其对映体、盐和复合物制成杀真菌喷雾剂用常用的方法喷施,如常规的高加仑量液压喷雾、低加仑量喷雾、鼓风喷雾、空中喷雾和撒粉。稀释度和施用率应取决于所用设备的类型、施用方法、所处理的植株和欲防治的病害。通常,本发明化合物的施用量为每公顷大约0.05磅到约50磅,优选每公顷大约5—25磅的有效成分。
作为种子保护剂,涂敷于种子上毒物量通常是每100磅种子施用大约0.05—20,优选大约0.05—4,更优选大约0.1—1盎司毒物。作为土壤杀真菌剂,通常可以每公顷大约0.02—20,优选大约0.05—10,更优选大约0.1—5磅的量将化学药品掺入土壤或施于土壤表面。作为叶杀真菌剂,通常将毒物施于生长的植物上,施用率为每公顷大约0.01—10,优选0.02—5,更优选0.28—1磅。
因为哒嗪酮及其对映体、盐和复合物具有杀真菌活性,所以可将这些化合物与其它已知的杀真菌剂合用以提供广谱活性。适宜的杀真菌剂包括但不限于在美国专利5,252,594中所列出的那些化合物(特别是参见第14和15栏)。
哒嗪酮及其对映体、酸加成盐和金属盐复合物能够能各种方式有利地使用。由于这些化合物具有广谱杀真菌活性,它们可用于谷粒储存中。这些复合物也可作为杀真菌剂用于谷物(包括小麦、大麦和燕麦),水稻,花生,豆科植物和葡萄,草皮,果实,坚果和蔬菜果园中,还可施用于高尔夫球场。
可用本发明化合物防治的病害实例包括玉米和大麦的长蠕孢病、小麦和大麦白粉病、小麦叶和茎锈病、番茄早疫病、番茄晚疫病、苹果黑星病、苹果白粉病、黄瓜白粉病、果实褐腐病、灰霉病、豆类白粉病、黄瓜炭疽病、小麦颖枯病、水稻纹枯病和稻瘟病。

Claims (13)

1.一种具有下列结构的哒嗪酮化合物
Figure A9511925600021
其中W是CH3—O—A=C—CO(V)CH3;A是N或CH;V是O或NH;
R4和R5独立地选自氢、(C1—C8)烷基、(C1—C8)烷氧基、氰基、卤(C1—C12烷基、(C2—C8)炔基、(C3—C10)炔基、芳基和芳烷基,其中上述(C1—C8)烷氧基、卤(C1—C12)烷基、(C1—C8)烷基、(C2—C8)炔基和(C3—C10)炔基可被至多3个选自卤素、硝基和三卤甲基的取代基所取代或不取代;
Q进自具有下式的基团:其中Y是O或S并与哒嗪环形成一直接键;
R3和R6独立地选自氢、卤素、氰基、硝基、三卤甲基、甲基、苯基、苯氧基、取代或未取代的卤代(C1—C4)烷基、(C1—C4)烷硫基、(C1—C4)烷基亚砜和(C1—C18)烷氧基;
R1和R2独立地选自氢、(C1—C4)烷基、(C1—C4)烷氧基、卤素、氰基、硝基;及
X是O、S或被卤素或(C1—C4)烷氧基取代的碳。
2.权利要求1的化合物,其中A是CH。
3.权利要求2的化合物,其中V是O。
4.权利要求1的化合物,其中A是N。
5.权利要求4的化合物,其中V是O。
6.权利要求4的化合物,其中V是NH。
7.权利要求3的化合物,其中R4和R5是氢,Q是芳基、卤代芳基或(C1—C4)烷硫基取代的芳基。
8.权利要求7的化合物,其中Q是苯基,3—氯苯基,3,4—二氯苯基或3,5—二氯苯基。
9.权利要求5的化合物,其中R4和R5是氢、Q是芳基、卤代芳基或(C1—C4)烷硫基取代的芳基。
10.权利要求6的化合物,其中R4和R5是氢、Q是芳基、卤代芳基或(C1—C4)烷硫基取代的芳基。
11.一种防治植物病原性真菌的杀真菌组合物,该组合物包括农药上可接受的载体和杀真菌有效量的权利要求1的化合物。
12.一种防治植物病原性真菌的方法,该方法包括将杀真菌有效量的权利要求1的化合物施用于需要防治的场所。
13.权利要求12的方法,其中权利要求1的化合物施用率为每公顷大约0.05~50磅。
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KR960016715A (ko) 1996-06-17
AU3666695A (en) 1996-05-23
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CN1095837C (zh) 2002-12-11
US5763440A (en) 1998-06-09
PL311361A1 (en) 1996-05-27
ATE211736T1 (de) 2002-01-15
NZ280413A (en) 1996-07-26
BR9505160A (pt) 1997-10-21
HU9503250D0 (en) 1996-01-29
AR000119A1 (es) 1997-05-21
TW305837B (zh) 1997-05-21
CZ298995A3 (en) 1996-05-15
US5935961A (en) 1999-08-10
HUT72912A (en) 1996-06-28
ES2166807T3 (es) 2002-05-01
EP0711759B1 (en) 2002-01-09
EP0711759A1 (en) 1996-05-15
TR199501416A2 (tr) 1996-06-21
CA2162775A1 (en) 1996-05-15
DE69524925D1 (de) 2002-02-14
US5958925A (en) 1999-09-28
JPH08225540A (ja) 1996-09-03
DE69524925T2 (de) 2002-08-22

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