CN112616607A - Chinese rose tide type seedling raising method - Google Patents
Chinese rose tide type seedling raising method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112616607A CN112616607A CN202011501572.XA CN202011501572A CN112616607A CN 112616607 A CN112616607 A CN 112616607A CN 202011501572 A CN202011501572 A CN 202011501572A CN 112616607 A CN112616607 A CN 112616607A
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- 240000008254 Rosa chinensis Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 235000000664 Rosa chinensis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbendazim Natural products C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000006013 carbendazim Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000005648 plant growth regulator Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000005747 Chlorothalonil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005802 Mancozeb Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- CRQQGFGUEAVUIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorothalonil Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(C#N)=C(Cl)C(C#N)=C1Cl CRQQGFGUEAVUIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229930191978 Gibberellin Natural products 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005842 Thiophanate-methyl Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N gibberellic acid GA3 Natural products OC(=O)C1C2(C3)CC(=C)C3(O)CCC2C2(C=CC3O)C1C3(C)C(=O)O2 IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003448 gibberellin Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophanate-methyl Chemical group COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 17
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 abstract description 9
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 9
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 241000227653 Lycopersicon Species 0.000 description 6
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000004789 Rosa xanthina Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000109329 Rosa xanthina Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000000100 Hibiscus rosa sinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016785 Rosa della China Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000220222 Rosaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YFNCATAIYKQPOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophanate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OCC YFNCATAIYKQPOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a Chinese rose tide type seedling raising method, which comprises the following steps: planting Chinese roses in a substrate on a tidal seedbed for water and fertilizer management; the water and fertilizer management comprises the following steps: (1) and (3) sterilization: irrigating for 1-3 times every two weeks for 3-4 months by using a disinfectant; irrigating the carbendazim for 1-3 times every 7-15 days after 5 months; (2) topdressing: irrigating for 1-3 times every 8-20 days for 4-6 months; irrigating for 1-3 times every 20-25 days for 9-10 months; the nutrient solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 200ml/L of retting fertilizer, 160mg/L of magnesium sulfate, 200mg/L of monopotassium phosphate, 500mg/L of potassium nitrate and 40mg/L of calcium chloride. The Chinese rose cultivated by the method has strong, uniform and high-quality growth potential, high seedling strengthening index, less plant diseases and insect pests, short seedling culture period, good expression of excellent characters, high survival rate up to 92 percent and capability of realizing large-scale and standardized production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, in particular to a Chinese rose tide type seedling raising method.
Background
The rose (Rosa chinensis Jacq) is called as queen in flower, is one of ten famous flowers in China, is also called as crescent red, is Rosaceae, is evergreen, is semi-evergreen and short shrub, blooms in four seasons, is red or pink, and is occasionally white and yellow in the general flower market, can be used as an ornamental plant, can be used as a medicinal plant, can be used as a commercial plant, and also has a certain edible value, and is also called as a rose flower. China rose is an ornamental plant blooming in four seasons and has the characteristics of various varieties, wide planting range and the like. The Chinese rose industry as the sunrise industry in the flower and tree world has abundant germplasm resources, is widely applied to landscaping, courtyard cultivation, bonsai manufacture and the like, and is deeply loved by the masses of people. However, certain technical guidance and scientific and systematic management are lacked in the aspects of variety breeding, large-scale seedling production, potted flower production, marketing, cultural atmosphere and the like, so that the requirement of specialized development of Chinese roses cannot be met, and the appearance quality and the internal quality cannot be considered simultaneously in the cultivation process, so that the excellent varieties are fewer and fewer, and stable scale benefits cannot be formed.
Therefore, it is highly desirable to invent a seedling growing method that can balance the external quality and the internal quality of the Chinese rose.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem mainly solved by the invention is to provide a Chinese rose tide type seedling raising method, which can simultaneously improve the external quality and the internal quality of Chinese roses, enhance the growth vigor of the Chinese roses, improve the seedling strengthening index, the survival rate and the rooting rate, reduce plant diseases and insect pests and shorten the seedling raising period.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts a technical scheme that:
a Chinese rose tide type seedling raising method comprises the following steps: planting plants in a substrate on a tidal seedbed for water and fertilizer management;
(1) and (3) sterilization: irrigating for 1 time by using the disinfectant every two weeks for 3-4 months; irrigating the carbendazim for 1 time at intervals of 7-15 days after 5 months;
(2) topdressing: irrigating for 1 time by 4-6 months every 8-20 days; irrigating for 1 time for the plant growth regulator every 20-25 days for 9-10 months;
the nutrient solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 150-300 ml/L of retting fertilizer, 100-200 mg/L of magnesium sulfate, 150-250 mg/L of monopotassium phosphate, 400-600 mg/L of potassium nitrate and 30-50 mg/L of calcium chloride.
After 5 months, 6 months and 10 months, the carbendazim can be irrigated according to the actual growth condition of the Chinese rose.
The tide type seedbed irrigation is a technology for irrigating water, fertilizer and the like from the bottom of a planting container by utilizing the principle of tide rise and fall of natural river water, so that effective and average water and fertilizer supply is provided for the growth of each plant, concentrated nutrient solution is mixed and diluted with water in an irrigation water tank according to a certain proportion to prepare the concentration required by the growth of the plant, the concentrated nutrient solution is pumped to a cultivation bed by a circulating motor and a water pump by utilizing the principle of seawater flood tide, the concentrated nutrient solution is lifted to a proper height on the cultivation bed, and the plant on the seedbed absorbs water and nutrition by capillary action; open back liquid governing valve after a period of time, utilize the sea water to move back the principle of tide, the liquid manure liquid of dilution moves back the tide and retrieves, the waste liquid is discharged to the sedimentation tank, detach impurity such as matrix fiber in the aquatic behind filtration and degassing unit, get back to the irrigation water tank again through motor and water pump again, can be recycled when next needs are used, through such a process, the waste liquid is disinfected through disinfection system, detect its concentration by the concentration monitor simultaneously, can make corresponding concentration ratio change according to the concentration that detects and the actual growth situation of plant, irrigate next time and can set up the concentration at suitable concentration, reach the purpose of the fertile environmental protection of water conservation province.
The inventor finds that the rooting rate, the survival rate and the growth potential of the Chinese rose can be improved by combining the tide type irrigation method with specific management conditions.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the concentration of the disinfecting solution is 800 times of the concentration of the disinfecting solution;
the disinfectant is selected from one or more of mancozeb, chlorothalonil, carbendazim and thiophanate methyl;
further, the disinfectant is irrigated in a mode that 500-800 times of mancozeb, chlorothalonil, carbendazim and thiophanate methyl are used for 1 time each every two weeks, and the irrigation amount is 1-3 cm, preferably 2cm, when the irrigation amount rises to a cultivation seedbed.
The term "used in sequence every two weeks" means that disinfectant is poured in 3-4 months, mancozeb is used in the first week, chlorothalonil is used in the third week, carbendazim is used in the fifth week, thiophanate methyl is used in the seventh week, and so on.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the carbendazim is applied at a concentration of 50% carbendazim 1000 times liquid;
further, the irrigation amount of the carbendazim is 1-3 cm, preferably 2cm, when the irrigation amount rises to a cultivation seedbed.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the irrigation amount of the nutrient solution and the plant growth regulator is increased to 1-3 cm, preferably 2cm, of the cultivation seedbed.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the nutrient solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 200ml/L of retting fertilizer, 160mg/L of magnesium sulfate, 200mg/L of monopotassium phosphate, 500mg/L of potassium nitrate and 40mg/L of calcium chloride.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the retting fertilizer is prepared by fermenting 400-600 parts by weight of tomatoes and 10-20 parts by weight of orange peels together for 1-3 months; further, after the fermentation is finished, the fermented product is diluted into 80-250 times of liquid, and preferably 100-200 times of liquid.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the plant growth regulator comprises 6-BA, gibberellin;
furthermore, the concentration of 6-BA in the plant growth regulator is 0.15-0.03 mg/ml, preferably 0.02mg/ml, and the concentration of gibberellin is 0.04-0.08 mg/ml, preferably 0.06 mg/ml.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the raw materials of the matrix comprise garden soil, pure pine needle humus soil;
further, the mass ratio of the garden soil to the pure pine needle humus soil is 1: 2-4, preferably 1: 3;
further, the pH value of the substrate is 5.8-6.5.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, according to the tidal seedling raising method described above, the roots are soaked with 500 times of carbendazim before planting.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the seedling raising method further comprises seedling stage management;
further, the seedling management conditions comprise that the illumination is 12-18 h/d, the illumination intensity is 3500-4500 lx, the daytime temperature is 23-26 ℃, the nighttime temperature is 12-17 ℃, the soil humidity is 50-60%, and the air humidity is 70-85%;
further, the preferable illumination is 14-16 h/d, the illumination intensity is 4000lx, the daytime temperature is 25 ℃, the nighttime temperature is 15 ℃, the soil humidity is controlled at 55%, and the air humidity is 75% -80%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the Chinese rose cultivated by the method has strong growth potential, high rooting rate and survival rate, the average root length reaches 7cm, few plant diseases and insect pests, short seedling period, 50-day prolongation of flowering phase, good expression of excellent characters and capability of realizing large-scale and standardized production.
(2) The method provided by the invention has the advantages of uniform irrigation, water and fertilizer conservation, reduction of environmental pollution, improvement of fertilizer utilization rate, simplification of manual fertilization management, low labor cost and irrigation time conservation, and can finish irrigation for 300m in only 10-20 minutes2The working efficiency is as high as 95 percent, and the environment-friendly production is realized.
(3) The method is simple and convenient to operate, easy to master, beneficial to popularization and application and capable of meeting the requirement of industrialized development of the Chinese roses.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are described clearly and completely below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
When numerical ranges are given in the examples, it is understood that both endpoints of each of the numerical ranges and any number between the endpoints are optional unless the invention otherwise specified. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
Example 1
(1) Seed selection: selecting the flowering rose which has the advantages of drought resistance, waterlogging resistance, disease resistance, cold resistance, high temperature resistance and strong adaptability to the environment.
(2) Matrix: fully and uniformly mixing garden soil and pure pine needle humus soil according to the proportion of 1:3, and then crushing for later use, wherein the PH value of a matrix is kept at 5.8-6.5.
(3) Preparing a nutrient solution: adding 15g of orange peel into 500g of tomatoes, fermenting for 1-2 months, diluting with 100 times of water to obtain a retted fertilizer, mixing 200ml/L of the retted fertilizer, 160mg/L of magnesium sulfate, 200mg/L of monopotassium phosphate, 500mg/L of potassium nitrate and 40mg/L of calcium chloride, and controlling the pH of the prepared solution to be 5.8-7.0.
(4) And (3) water and fertilizer management: soaking roots with 500 times of carbendazim before burying, planting the roots on a standby matrix hole tray on a tidal seedbed, placing the matrix hole tray in a greenhouse, starting every two weeks for 5 months, alternately using 500 times of 80% mancozeb, 75% chlorothalonil, 50% of carbendazim and 70% of thiophanate methyl for 1 time respectively, wherein the irrigation quantity is 800L, and the liquid level rises to 2cm of the seedbed; 7. the Chinese rose is susceptible to diseases and insect pests in 8 and 9 months, 1000 times of 50% carbendazim is used for sterilizing and killing insects once every 10-12 days after 5 months, the irrigation quantity is 800L, and the liquid level rises to a seedbed for 2 cm; irrigating the nutrient solution once every 10-15 days between 4-6 months, and stopping irrigation when the irrigation amount is 2cm above the seedbed; and irrigating the Chinese roses by using a plant growth regulator containing 6-BA0.02mg/ml and 0.06mg/ml of gibberellin for 9-10 months at intervals of 20-25 days for 1 time, wherein the irrigation amount is 800L, and the liquid level rises to the seedbed for 2 cm.
(5) Seedling stage control management: the illumination is 14-16 h/d, the illumination intensity is 4000lx, the ambient temperature is 25 ℃ in the daytime, the ambient temperature is 15 ℃ at night, the soil humidity is controlled to be 55%, and the air humidity is controlled to be 75% -80%.
Example 2
(1) Seed selection: the large flower perfume rose with strong plants, various and gorgeous colors, elegant and graceful patterns and high ornamental value is selected.
(2) Matrix: fully and uniformly mixing garden soil and pure pine needle humus soil according to the proportion of 1:3, and then crushing for later use, wherein the PH value of a matrix is kept between 5.8 and 6.5.
(3) Preparing a nutrient solution: adding 15g of orange peel into 500g of tomatoes, fermenting for 1-2 months, diluting with 200 times of water to obtain a retted fertilizer, mixing 200ml/L of the retted fertilizer, 160mg/L of magnesium sulfate, 200mg/L of monopotassium phosphate, 500mg/L of potassium nitrate and 40mg/L of calcium chloride, and controlling the pH of the prepared solution to be 5.8-7.0.
(4) And (3) water and fertilizer management: soaking roots with 500 times of carbendazim before burying, planting the roots on a standby matrix hole tray on a tidal seedbed, placing the matrix hole tray in a greenhouse, starting every two weeks for 5 months, alternately using 80% mancozeb, 75% chlorothalonil, 50% carbendazim and 70% thiophanate for 1 time respectively, wherein the irrigation quantity is 800L, and the liquid level rises to 2cm of the seedbed; 7. the Chinese rose is susceptible to diseases and insect pests in 8 and 9 months, 1000 times of 50% carbendazim is used for sterilizing and killing insects once every 10-12 days after 5 months, the irrigation quantity is 800L, and the liquid level rises to a seedbed for 2 cm; irrigating the nutrient solution once every 10-15 days between 4-6 months, and stopping irrigation when the irrigation amount is 2cm above the seedbed; and irrigating the Chinese roses by using a plant growth regulator containing 6-BA0.02mg/ml and 0.06mg/ml of gibberellin for 9-10 months at intervals of 20-25 days for 1 time, wherein the irrigation amount is 800L, and the liquid level rises to the seedbed for 2 cm.
(5) Seedling stage control management: the illumination is 14-16 h/d, the illumination intensity is 4000lx, the ambient temperature is 25 ℃ in the daytime, the ambient temperature is 15 ℃ at night, the soil humidity is controlled to be 55%, and the air humidity is controlled to be 75% -80%.
Comparative example 1
Compared with the example 1, the same variety is also placed in a greenhouse for conventional cultivation, is not cultivated on a tidal seedbed, and other management is kept consistent.
(1) Seed selection: selecting the flowering rose which has the advantages of drought resistance, waterlogging resistance, disease resistance, cold resistance, high temperature resistance and strong adaptability to the environment.
(2) Matrix: fully and uniformly mixing garden soil and pure pine needle humus soil according to the proportion of 1:3, and then crushing for later use, wherein the PH value of a matrix is kept at 5.8-6.5.
(3) Preparing a nutrient solution: after tomatoes are fermented for 1-2 months by adding orange peels, 100 times of water is added to dilute the tomato peels to obtain a retted fertilizer, 200ml/L of the retted fertilizer, 160mg/L of magnesium sulfate, 200mg/L of monopotassium phosphate, 500mg/L of potassium nitrate and 40mg/L of calcium chloride are mixed, and the pH value of a prepared solution is 5.8-7.0.
(4) And (3) water and fertilizer management: soaking roots with 500 times of carbendazim before soil entering, then planting in a matrix of a greenhouse, starting in 5 months, alternately using 500 times of 80% mancozeb, 75% chlorothalonil, 50% of carbendazim and 70% of thiophanate-methyl for 1 time every two weeks, wherein the irrigation quantity is 800L, and the liquid level rises to a seedbed for 2 cm; the Chinese rose is susceptible to diseases and insect pests in 7, 8 and 9 months in summer, 1000 times of 50% carbendazim is used for sterilizing and killing insects once every 10-12 days in the later 5 months, the irrigation quantity is 800L, and the liquid level rises to a seedbed for 2 cm; irrigating the nutrient solution once every 10-15 days between 4-6 months, wherein the irrigation amount is 800L, and the liquid level rises to 2cm of the seedbed; and irrigating the Chinese roses by using a plant growth regulator containing 6-BA0.02mg/ml and 0.06mg/ml of gibberellin for 9-10 months at intervals of 20-25 days for 1 time, wherein the irrigation amount is 800L, and the liquid level rises to the seedbed for 2 cm.
(5) Seedling stage control management: the illumination is 14-16 h/d, the illumination intensity is 4000lx, the ambient temperature is 25 ℃ in the daytime, the ambient temperature is 15 ℃ at night, the soil humidity is controlled to be 55%, and the air humidity is controlled to be 75% -80%.
Comparative example 2
Compared with the example 2, the same variety is also placed in a greenhouse for conventional cultivation, is not cultivated on a tidal seedbed, and other management is kept consistent.
(1) Seed selection: the large flower perfume rose with strong plants, various and gorgeous colors, elegant and graceful patterns and high ornamental value is selected.
(2) Matrix: fully and uniformly mixing garden soil and pure pine needle humus soil according to the proportion of 1:3, and then crushing for later use, wherein the PH value of a matrix is kept between 5.8 and 6.5.
(3) Preparing a nutrient solution: adding 15g of orange peel into 500g of tomatoes, fermenting for 1-2 months, diluting with 200 times of water to obtain a retted fertilizer, mixing 200ml/L of the retted fertilizer, 160mg/L of magnesium sulfate, 200mg/L of monopotassium phosphate, 500mg/L of potassium nitrate and 40mg/L of calcium chloride, and controlling the pH of the prepared solution to be 5.8-7.0.
(4) And (3) water and fertilizer management: soaking roots with 500 times of carbendazim before burying, planting the roots on a standby matrix hole tray on a tidal seedbed, placing the matrix hole tray in a greenhouse, starting every two weeks for 5 months, alternately using 500-800 times of 80% mancozeb, 75% chlorothalonil, 50% carbendazim and 70% thiophanate methyl for 1 time respectively, wherein the irrigation quantity is 800L, and the liquid level rises to 2cm of the seedbed; 7. the Chinese rose is susceptible to diseases and insect pests in 8 and 9 months, 1000 times of 50% carbendazim is used for sterilizing and killing insects once every 10-12 days after 5 months, the irrigation quantity is 800L, and the liquid level rises to a seedbed for 2 cm; irrigating the nutrient solution once every 10-15 days between 4-6 months, wherein the irrigation amount is 800L, and the liquid level rises to 2cm of the seedbed; the Chinese rose is irrigated by using 6-BA0.02mg/ml and gibberellin 0.06mg/ml plant growth regulator in 9-10 months, 1 time of irrigation is carried out every 20-25 days, the irrigation quantity is 800L, and the liquid level rises to the seedbed by 2 cm.
(5) Seedling stage control management: the illumination is 14-16 h/d, the illumination intensity is 4000lx, the ambient temperature is 25 ℃ in the daytime, the ambient temperature is 15 ℃ at night, the soil humidity is controlled to be 55%, and the air humidity is controlled to be 75% -80%.
The rooting condition, survival rate, pest and disease damage condition, plant growth condition and flowering phase of the roses cultivated in the example 1 and the example 2 are respectively compared with the conditions of the comparative example 1 and the comparative example 2, and the test results are respectively shown in the tables 1 and 2:
TABLE 1 growth of roses in example 1 and comparative example 1
TABLE 2 growth of roses in example 2 and comparative example 2
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, when the method is used for cultivating the Chinese roses, the Chinese roses can root in 25 days, the rooting rate reaches 95%, the average root length is 6.6-7.0 cm, the plant diseases and insect pests are few, the root rot condition is few, the plants grow vigorously, the flower type is complete, the wrapping is tight, the flower color is bright, the flower period is shortened by 50 days compared with the comparison ratio, the irrigation time of the comparison examples 1 and 2 is 40min, the irrigation can be completed in only 10-20 min in the examples 1 and 2, the working efficiency is as high as 95%, and the overground and underground parts of the Chinese roses cultivated by the method are uniform and high in quality, the excellent characters are well expressed, the internal quality and the external quality are considered, the working efficiency is high, and the standardized production can be realized.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A Chinese rose tide type seedling raising method is characterized by comprising the following steps: planting Chinese roses in a substrate on a tidal seedbed for water and fertilizer management;
the water and fertilizer management comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) sterilization: irrigating for 1 time by using the disinfectant every two weeks for 3-4 months; irrigating the carbendazim for 1 time at intervals of 7-15 days after 5 months;
(2) topdressing: irrigating for 1 time by 4-6 months every 8-20 days; irrigating for 1 time for the plant growth regulator every 20-25 days for 9-10 months;
the nutrient solution comprises the following raw materials in concentration: 150-300 ml/L of retting fertilizer, 100-200 mg/L of magnesium sulfate, 150-250 mg/L of monopotassium phosphate, 400-600 mg/L of potassium nitrate and 30-50 mg/L of calcium chloride.
2. The tidal seedling method according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the disinfectant is 800 times of the concentration of the disinfectant;
the disinfectant is selected from one or more of mancozeb, chlorothalonil, carbendazim and thiophanate methyl;
further, between 3 and 4 months, the disinfectant is irrigated in a manner that 500 to 800 times of mancozeb, chlorothalonil, carbendazim and thiophanate-methyl are used for 1 time each in turn every two weeks, and the irrigation amount is 1 to 3cm, preferably 2cm, when the irrigation amount rises to a cultivation seedbed.
3. The tidal method for raising seedlings according to claim 1, wherein carbendazim applied at the beginning of 5 months is used at a concentration of 1000 times of 50% carbendazim;
further, the irrigation amount of the carbendazim is increased to 1-3 cm, preferably 2cm, of the cultivation seedbed.
4. The tidal seedling raising method according to claim 1, wherein the irrigation amount of the nutrient solution and the plant growth regulator is 1-3 cm, preferably 2cm, up to the cultivation seedbed.
5. The tidal seedling method according to claim 1, wherein the nutrient solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 200ml/L of retting fertilizer, 160mg/L of magnesium sulfate, 200mg/L of monopotassium phosphate, 500mg/L of potassium nitrate and 40mg/L of calcium chloride.
6. The tidal seedling raising method according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the retted fertilizer is prepared by fermenting 400-600 parts by weight of tomatoes and 10-20 parts by weight of orange peels together for 1-3 months, and is diluted to 80-250 times of liquid for use; further, the solution is diluted to 100-200 times and then used.
7. The tidal seedling method according to claim 1, wherein the plant growth regulator comprises 6-BA, gibberellin;
furthermore, the concentration of 6-BA in the plant growth regulator is 0.15-0.03 mg/ml, preferably 0.02mg/ml, and the concentration of gibberellin is 0.04-0.08 mg/ml, preferably 0.06 mg/ml.
8. A tidal seedling method according to claim 1, wherein the raw material of the substrate comprises garden soil, pure pine needle humus soil;
further, the mass ratio of the garden soil to the pure pine needle humus soil is 1: 2-4, preferably 1: 3;
further, the pH value of the substrate is 5.8-6.5.
9. The tidal seedling method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein roots are soaked with 500 times of carbendazim before planting.
10. The tidal seedling raising method according to claim 1, further comprising seedling stage management;
further, the seedling management conditions comprise illumination for 12-18 h/d, illumination intensity of 3500-4500 lx, daytime temperature of 23-26 ℃, night 12-17 ℃, soil humidity of 50-60% and air humidity of 70-85%;
further, the preferable illumination is 14-16 h/d, the illumination intensity is 4000lx, the daytime temperature is 25 ℃, the nighttime temperature is 15 ℃, the soil humidity is controlled at 55%, and the air humidity is 75% -80%.
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| CN115316245A (en) * | 2022-08-04 | 2022-11-11 | 银川爱必达园艺有限公司 | Method for rapidly propagating Chinese rose seedlings by using rock wool under intelligent greenhouse condition |
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