CN112602520A

CN112602520A - Cultivation method of non-flocculent poplar

Info

Publication number: CN112602520A
Application number: CN202011454546.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴佳奇; 邹彪; 邓连友; 刘善华; 吴兴亚
Original assignee: Anhui Shangyuan Household Materials Co Ltd
Current assignee: Anhui Shangyuan Household Materials Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-10
Filing date: 2020-12-10
Publication date: 2021-04-06

Abstract

The invention aims to provide a cultivation method of a non-flocculent poplar, which comprises the following steps: A. selecting strips, picking and cutting the seed strips in winter, burying the seed strips in a temporary planting ditch, and digging out the cutting slips before seedling raising in spring of the next year; B. cutting the cutting slips, wherein the length of the cutting slips is about 15 cm, and a bud is arranged at the position 1 cm away from the top end; C. soaking the cutting slips in water, placing the cut cutting slips into a soil pit with the depth of 1 meter, soaking the cutting slips after filling water, and discharging water after water leakage from the soil pit, wherein the soaking time is 24 hours; D. selecting seedlings, namely selecting first-class seedlings with the height of more than 3.0cm and the height of more than 3m in a seedling area, wherein the length of a main root reaches more than 20cm, and the seedlings can be used at any time; E. soil preparation is needed when the field is lifted for afforestation, the soil is required to be completely and deeply turned by 30-40 cm before afforestation, and the afforestation ditches are matched with each other to be capable of draining energy and irrigating. The seedlings planted by the cultivation method of the non-flocculent poplar grow vigorously, grow fast and have no flocculent discharge, thereby providing rich wood resources for the society and beautifying the environment.

Description

Cultivation method of non-flocculent poplar

Technical Field

The invention relates to a cultivation method of a non-flocculent poplar.

Background

The poplar has fast growth speed, strong vitality and wide planting range, and is a source for obtaining materials in the modern paper-making industry and the furniture industry. However, when the poplar reaches the boll opening period, the poplar bolls fly over the sky, and the poplar bolls are damaged by haze. The improved non-flocculent poplar solves the problem of flocculent flying, but the existing non-flocculent poplar cultivation method easily causes low survival rate of poplar, poor growth and development of grown poplar and slow growth speed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a cultivation method of a non-flocculent poplar, which ensures that seedlings after being inserted and planted grow well, have high growth speed and no flocculent discharge, provides rich wood resources for the society and beautifies the environment. To solve the problems set forth in the background art described above.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a cultivation method of non-flocculent poplar trees comprises the following steps:

A. selection bar

Harvesting and cutting the seed strips in winter, burying the seed strips in a temporary planting ditch, and digging out the front cutting cuttings when seedlings are grown in the spring of the next year;

B. cutting and shearing of cutting slips

The length of the cutting is about 15 cm, and a bud is arranged at the position 1 cm away from the top end;

C. soaking cutting slips

Placing the cut cutting slips into a soil pit with the depth of 1 meter, immersing the cutting slips after filling water, draining water after water leakage of the soil pit, wherein the immersion time is 24 hours;

D. and (4) selecting seedlings.

Selecting primary seedlings with the height of more than 3.0cm and the height of more than 3m in a seedling area, wherein the length of a main root reaches more than 20cm, and the seedlings can be used at any time;

E. soil preparation

Soil preparation is needed when the fields are lifted for afforestation, the soil is required to be fully and deeply ploughed by 30-40 cm before afforestation, and a trench system for afforestation is matched with the trench system and can be drained and irrigated;

F. fertilizing

F1. Firstly, selecting farmyard manure, and applying the farmyard manure at the bottom of each pit;

F2. secondly, enough base fertilizer is laid before inserting the stems, 50 kilograms of low-nitrogen compound fertilizer and 2-3 cubic meters of soil and miscellaneous fertilizer are used per mu, after the base fertilizer is applied, soil is crushed by about 10cm firstly, and then the seedlings are put in;

G. and (4) planting.

Planting mode: covering soil on the root of the seedling, lifting the seedling when the soil covering exceeds 1/2, treading tightly with feet, covering soil again, and watering after covering the soil;

as a further scheme of the invention: in the step of selecting the strips in the step A, annual stems are selected as seedlings for the cutting slips, and the depth of the temporary planting groove is 100 cm, and the width is 60 cm.

As a further scheme of the invention: in the step D, the seedling selection step, the temporary planting is carried out on the seedlings which cannot be planted immediately, and the moisture preservation treatment is required from the seedling lifting to the planting.

As a further scheme of the invention: in the planting step of the step G, the row spacing of the plants is 5m, and the plant spacing is 4m.

As a further scheme of the invention: and D, a tending and managing step H is further included after the step G, a forest land is formed, agriculture and forestry intercropping can be adopted in the first 3 years to carry out ploughing and fostering, young forests after 3 years are nursed for not less than 2 times per year, poplar trees enter a fast growing period for 3 years, at least 1 time is fertilized per year, annular pits are dug, and 0.5kg of urea or 50kg of human manure is applied to each plant.

As a further scheme of the invention: and G, a foliar fertilization step I is further included after the step G, foliar fertilizers are applied to the non-flocculent poplar trees in 3 months and 10 months every year, 10 days are separated for the first fertilization in 10 months, and then 2-3 times of foliar fertilization are continuously performed.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the cultivation method of the non-cotton-seed poplar can not only ensure that the cutting slips absorb enough moisture, but also can dissolve the rooting inhibitor in the cutting slips, and has obvious effect on improving the survival rate of the cutting slips.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a cultivation method of a non-flocculent poplar.

Detailed Description

To explain technical contents, structural features, and objects and effects of the technical solutions in detail, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, a cultivation method of a non-flocculent poplar includes the following steps:

A. selection bar

The quality of the seed strips is an important internal factor influencing the survival rate, the cutting slips are selected from annual seedling stems as seedlings, and the seedlings need to grow robustly and have no plant diseases and insect pests; and (4) harvesting and cutting the seed strips in winter, and burying the seed strips in a temporary planting ditch, wherein the depth of the temporary planting ditch is 100 cm, and the width of the temporary planting ditch is 60 cm. And when seedlings are raised in the spring of the next year, cutting the cutting slips before digging.

B. Cutting and shearing of cutting slips

The length of the cutting is about 15 cm, and a bud is arranged at the position 1 cm from the top end.

C. Time selection for cuttage

And (5) after the soil is unfrozen in spring, cuttage can be carried out. Timely early insertion is beneficial to improving survival rate.

D. Soaking cutting slips

And putting the cut cutting slips into a soil pit with the depth of 1 meter, immersing the cutting slips after filling water, and draining water after water leakage from the soil pit. The soaking of the cutting shoot can not only ensure that the cutting shoot absorbs enough water, but also can dissolve the rooting inhibitor in the cutting shoot, and has obvious effect on improving the survival rate of the cutting shoot. Soaking of seed strips purchased from foreign sources is particularly important. The soaking time is preferably 24 hours.

E. Seedling selection

The first-class nursery stock with the height of more than 3.0cm and the height of more than 3m is selected in the nursery stock area, the nursery stock is required to be well developed, the dry shape is straight, the root system is relatively complete, and the length of the main root reaches more than 20 cm. The seedlings infected with diseases and insect pests, splitting, breaking of main tips, over-short root systems, water loss, withering and rotten are forbidden. The nursery stock should be used at any time, and the temporary planting should be carried out when the nursery stock cannot be planted immediately, but the time is not suitable to be too long. The moisture treatment of the nursery stocks which are transported in other places from seedling lifting to planting is required.

F. Soil preparation

The method is carried out when the field is lifted for afforestation, the soil is required to be fully and deeply ploughed by 30-40 cm before afforestation so as to improve the water and fertilizer retention capability of the soil, improve the permeability of the soil and enhance the utilization rate of the root system of the poplar to the deep soil.

The afforestation trench is matched with the energy drainage and irrigation system. The method can accurately, carefully and timely carry out afforestation and soil preparation, and has important effects on improving the survival rate of afforestation, promoting the growth of young forests and realizing the fast growth and high yield of artificial forests.

G. Fertilizing

G1. First, a farmyard manure is selected and applied to the bottom of each pit (about 20 jin per plant).

G2. And secondly, enough base fertilizer is laid before inserting the stems according to a plan, 50 kilograms of low-nitrogen compound fertilizer and 2-3 cubic meters of soil and miscellaneous fertilizer are generally used per mu, and the nutrient components necessary for the growth of the poplar at the middle and later stages are ensured. After the base fertilizer is applied, soil with the depth of about 10cm must be padded, and then the seedlings are placed in the soil, so that the fertilizer is prevented from contacting root systems and seedling stems.

G3. And secondly, fertilizing once in six, seven and august every year, applying high-nitrogen compound fertilizer in six and seventeen months to promote the poplar seedling to grow fast and applying low-nitrogen compound fertilizer in august month to make the seedling grow thick in the same length of growing height. The low-nitrogen compound fertilizer can promote the rapid generation of lignification and avoid the phenomenon of easy breaking.

G4. Finally, the high-phosphorus potassium fertilizer is applied once as early as possible in early autumn, so that the root of the poplar seedling can be promoted to grow rapidly, and the trunk is thickened.

H. Planting

(1) And (5) proper plant row spacing. More than 2 rows, 5m row spacing and 4m plant spacing are adopted, so that the interplanting and intercropping are facilitated, the growth of trees can be promoted, the wood grade can be improved, and the sales income of the trees can be increased.

(2) Planting in big holes. Adopting 'three big and one deep' afforestation method, namely digging big holes, big planting and row spacing, and selecting big seedlings. The size of the pond of the poplar needs to meet the basic requirements of afforestation, for example, the pond of the poplar needs to reach a square of 50cm and a depth of more than 50 cm.

(3) Planting mode. When the soil covering exceeds 1/2, the seedlings are lifted, the seedlings are treaded firmly by feet, then the soil is covered, watering is carried out after the soil covering is finished, enough water and root fixing water are poured thoroughly, namely 'one lifting, two treading and three watering'.

(4) Strengthening body resistance and whitening. In areas with tall seedlings or high wind speed, the seedlings are easy to be askew by wind due to the aphids of the poplar and the measures, so that the roots of the seedlings are unstable, the roots and the soil are separated, the water in the soil around the roots is lost, and the seedlings are withered and die. In order to avoid the above situation, the newly planted seedlings need to be supported and fixed. The lower half part of the seedling stem can be wound by a straw rope to protect the bark, and then the tree is supported by 3 wood rods in a triangular shape to ensure that the seedling is in a vertical state. Meanwhile, the nursery stock used as the street tree is whitewashed, and the whitewashing position is positioned on the part of more than 1m of the root neck of the nursery stock, and the main functions are as follows: firstly, the compound is used as a traffic marker; secondly, the environment is beautified; thirdly, the harmful organisms are killed.

I. Managing

Tending and managing. In the forest land, the farming and forestry intercropping (i.e. interplanting of crops in the forest) can be adopted in the first 3 years for cultivation and substitution; the young forest after 3 years is nurtured for not less than 2 times per year; the nutrient plate and the nutrient band are dug every year in the forest net, the forest belt and the trees beside. The poplar enters the fast growing period in 3 years, at least 1 time of topdressing is carried out every year, annular pits are dug, 0.5kg of urea or 50kg. human manure is applied to each tree, irrigation is carried out in time in dry seasons, pipe trees such as pipe cotton and seed trees such as seed fields are realized, and reasonable pruning is carried out. The poplar should not be pruned within 3 years of growth. Later, trimming is carried out in late autumn, early winter and early spring when the growth of the forest is stopped. Lateral branches below the trunk height 1/4 and big branches competing with the trunk can be pruned, and the lateral branches below the tree height 1/3 are reserved after pruning year by year. The pruning tool is sharp, and the pruning wound is smooth without pile so as to avoid dead knots and cavities after the trees are formed. And the wound is timely smeared with an antifreeze and a preservative which are mixed with the insecticide, so that the diseases and insect pests such as ulcer, longicorn and the like are prevented.

J. Foliar fertilization

And applying foliar fertilizer to the non-flocculent poplar trees in 3 months and 10 months every year, continuously applying foliar fertilizer for 2-3 times at the interval of 10 days after the first fertilization in 10 months without blindly increasing the concentration so as to avoid fertilizer damage (the components of the foliar fertilizer are mixed according to the specification).

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or terminal. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising … …" or "comprising … …" does not exclude the presence of additional elements in a process, method, article, or terminal that comprises the element. Further, herein, "greater than," "less than," "more than," and the like are understood to exclude the present numbers; the terms "above", "below", "within" and the like are to be understood as including the number.

Although the embodiments have been described, once the basic inventive concept is obtained, other variations and modifications of these embodiments can be made by those skilled in the art, so that the above embodiments are only examples of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes using the contents of the present specification and drawings, or any other related technical fields, which are directly or indirectly applied thereto, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cultivation method of a non-flocculent poplar is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

A. selection bar

B. cutting and shearing of cutting slips

C. soaking cutting slips

D. seedling selection

E. soil preparation

F. fertilizing

G. planting

Planting mode: covering soil on the root of the seedling, lifting the seedling when the soil covering exceeds 1/2, treading tightly with feet, covering soil again, and watering after covering soil.

2. The cultivation method of the cotton-free poplar according to claim 1, wherein the cultivation method comprises the following steps: in the step of selecting the strips in the step A, annual stems are selected as seedlings for the cutting slips, and the depth of the temporary planting groove is 100 cm, and the width is 60 cm.

3. The cultivation method of the cotton-free poplar according to claim 1, wherein the cultivation method comprises the following steps: in the step D, the seedling selection step, the temporary planting is carried out on the seedlings which cannot be planted immediately, and the moisture preservation treatment is required from the seedling lifting to the planting.

4. The cultivation method of the cotton-free poplar according to claim 1, wherein the cultivation method comprises the following steps: in the planting step of the step G, the row spacing of the plants is 5m, and the plant spacing is 4m.

5. The cultivation method of the cotton-free poplar according to claim 1, wherein the cultivation method comprises the following steps: and D, a tending and managing step H is further included after the step G, a forest land is formed, agriculture and forestry intercropping can be adopted in the first 3 years to carry out ploughing and fostering, young forests after 3 years are nursed for not less than 2 times per year, poplar trees enter a fast growing period for 3 years, at least 1 time is fertilized per year, annular pits are dug, and 0.5kg of urea or 50kg of human manure is applied to each plant.

6. The cultivation method of the cotton-free poplar according to claim 1, wherein the cultivation method comprises the following steps: and G, a foliar fertilization step I is further included after the step G, foliar fertilizers are applied to the non-flocculent poplar trees in 3 months and 10 months every year, 10 days are separated for the first fertilization in 10 months, and then 2-3 times of foliar fertilization are continuously performed.