CN112314306A - Forestation method for premature high yield of phyllostachys sinica - Google Patents
Forestation method for premature high yield of phyllostachys sinica Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 title claims description 5
- 241000745988 Phyllostachys Species 0.000 title description 4
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzopyrrole Natural products C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole Natural products CC1=CC=CC2=C1C=CN2 PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolenine Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=NC2=C1 RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CJUUXVFWKYRHAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid sodium salt Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)[O-])=CC=CC2=C1 CJUUXVFWKYRHAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000003127 knee Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000006399 Premature Obstetric Labor Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 206010036600 Premature labour Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 208000026440 premature labor Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 241000209128 Bambusa Species 0.000 description 6
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000144725 Amygdalus communis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011437 Amygdalus communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001330024 Bambusoideae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000219099 Parthenocissus quinquefolia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009388 Parthenocissus quinquefolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000002629 Pelargonium odoratissimum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006151 Pelargonium odoratissimum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000001999 Transcription Factor Pit-1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010040742 Transcription Factor Pit-1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000020224 almond Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a forestation method for preterm high yield of yellow bamboo as an imagination, which adopts a bamboo seedling double-head stump-buried stalk forestation method and comprises the following steps: (1) before planting, removing bamboo shoot shells at the heads of the bamboo seeds, and dipping the bamboo shoots in the slurry mixed with the rooting powder to achieve the purposes of promoting rooting and improving the survival rate; (2) planting, namely filling surface soil with uniform thickness at the bottom of a hole with prepared base fertilizer, then obliquely placing bamboo seeds into the hole, wherein bamboo stalks and the ground form an inclined angle of 5-10 degrees, side buds face to two sides, and horse ear-shaped cuts face upwards so as to receive rainwater, and pouring slurry into the cuts to prevent the bamboo stalks from drying up; (3) and (3) covering soil, wherein the bamboo stump part is covered with the soil in a tight manner, after the seedling is properly lifted, the second surface soil compaction is carried out, then the core soil is covered until the cave surface is in an arc shape so as to avoid water accumulation in the cave, the arc height is only 3-5 cm higher than that of the bamboo culm base, and the thickness of the covered soil is 10-12 cm. The invention can improve the survival rate, shorten the time of forest establishment and realize the purpose of high yield of premature labor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of yellow-skinned bamboo planting, and particularly relates to a forestation method for early high yield of yellow-skinned bamboo.
Background
Pseudo-yellow bamboo (academic name: bambusa changiningsis Yi et B.X.Li ] is a new species of Bambusa ampelopsis of Bambusoideae of Gramineae, and belongs to underground sympodial subtype of sympodial stalk. The height of the stalk is 10-16(19.5) m, the diameter is 6-8(10) cm, and the tip end is upright; the whole stalk is 41-53 sections, the internode length is 35-45(60) cm, the stalk is cylindrical, sometimes has a very short groove at the bud or branch position, is dark green, unhairing and smooth, is thick white powder when young, has the stalk wall thickness of 1.0cm-1.2(1.5) cm and is in the shape of marrow chips; the sheath ring is raised, green or purple at first time and glossy. No hair is left; the stalks are annularly flat; the inner part of the node is 1cm-1.5cm long, and the node is unhairing and has no white powder when young. 1 stalk bud, almond shape, brightness, upper edge with fringe hair. The 15 th to 20 th sections (height 6m to 8m) of the stalk start to branch, each section has a plurality of branches, the branches are obliquely spread, the length is 80cm to 160(300) cm, and the diameter is 0.2 cm to 1.5 cm. The bamboo shoot period is 7-9 months. The bamboo shoots are sweet in taste, relatively tender, can be eaten fresh or dried, are high-quality bamboo shoot and wood dual-purpose bamboo seeds, and are also excellent fiber bamboo seeds for forests.
Since the yellow bamboo is the high-quality bamboo shoot and wood dual-purpose bamboo and the excellent fiber bamboo, the yellow bamboo is required to be used for forest industry engineering in a large quantity. The currently accepted bamboo forest afforestation method is a sympodial bamboo planting method, which specifically comprises the following steps: generally, in 2-3 months before and after the rain day, the length of the mother bamboos is 60-80 cm, the mother bamboos are dug and transported along with the mother bamboos, and then the bamboo stalks are dug into yellow mud at the base parts before planting, the planting can not be too deep, and 20-25 cm is generally preferred. When the bamboo stalks are planted in the mountainous region, the bamboo stalks are inclined towards the hillside direction, the bamboo stalks and the ground form an inclined angle of 45 degrees, the stalk elbows face upwards, the bamboo shoots are horizontally placed towards two sides, bamboo stalk splitting openings face upwards, root systems stretch, then layering, earthing and compacting are carried out, enough root fixing water is poured, and a layer of weeds is laid around the bamboo roots for heat preservation.
However, for the pelargonium odoratissimum, the survival rate of the conventional afforestation method is low and is basically 70% -85%, so that great loss of people, property and materials is caused, meanwhile, the afforestation time of common sympodial bamboos is 4-5 years, the afforestation time is long, and the current yield requirement is difficult to meet quickly.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a forestation method for realizing the high yield of early-term yellow bamboo by adopting the hypothesis, so as to solve the problems of low survival rate and long forestation time in the forestation.
The invention provides a forestation method for premature high yield of phyllostachys sinica, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a forestation method for premature high yield of yellow bamboo as a dummy adopts a bamboo seedling double-head stump-burying stalk forestation method, and comprises the following steps:
(1) before planting, removing bamboo shoot shells at the heads of the bamboo seeds, and dipping the bamboo shoots in the slurry mixed with the rooting powder to achieve the purposes of promoting rooting and improving the survival rate;
(2) planting, namely filling surface soil which is uniform in knee promoting on the bottom of a hole which is provided with base fertilizer, then obliquely putting bamboo seeds into the hole, wherein bamboo stalks and the ground form an inclined angle of 5-10 degrees, side buds face to two sides, and horse ear-shaped cuts face upwards so as to receive rainwater, and pouring slurry into the cuts to prevent the bamboo stalks from drying up;
(3) and (3) covering soil, wherein the bamboo stump part is covered with the soil in a tight manner, after the seedling is properly lifted, the second surface soil compaction is carried out, then the core soil is covered until the cave surface is in an arc shape so as to avoid water accumulation in the cave, the arc height is only 3-5 cm higher than that of the bamboo culm base, and the thickness of the covered soil is 10-12 cm.
Preferably, the selection criteria of the bamboo species are: the bamboo canes grow for 1-2 years, the ground diameter of the bamboo canes is more than 1.5cm, the length of the bamboo canes is 60 cm, the bamboo canes are provided with pockets, the bud eyes of the bamboo canes are large, and no obvious water loss, damage or pest damage occurs.
Preferably, the selection criteria for the forestation are: the land is convenient for traffic, has the elevation of 1000 meters, the gradient of less than 35 degrees, the soil layer thickness of more than 40 centimeters, is fertile for transportation, and has good water-wet condition.
Preferably, before planting, the selected forestation land is cleaned completely to remove impurities on the ground, and is prepared in a block or strip mode, and the soil preparation depth is 20-30 cm.
Preferably, before planting, after land preparation, the plants are arranged in a shape like Chinese character pin according to the row spacing of 3.0 multiplied by 4.0 meters, and then the plants are laid out and subjected to pit digging, wherein the specifications are that the pit bottom is 80 centimeters long, 60 centimeters wide and 40 centimeters deep.
Preferably, after the pit digging, base fertilizer is applied to the bottom of the pit 2 weeks before planting, 0.25 kg of compound fertilizer is applied to the bottom of the pit per pit, and fine soil is backfilled to prevent the fertilizer from directly contacting bamboo roots to burn out root buds.
Preferably, in the step (1), the rooting powder is indole and sodium naphthaleneacetate compounded rooting powder.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the rooting powder to the mud is 1: 10.
Preferably, after planting, each hole is watered with a proper amount of root fixing water, and the surfaces of the holes are covered with a proper amount of weeds for heat preservation and moisture preservation.
Preferably, the planting time is 2-3 months per year.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
1. the method can achieve the forest establishment time in 3 years, and the yellow bamboo forest establishment time is considered as 1-2 years in advance, so that the purpose of early-term high yield is achieved;
2. the invention also obviously improves the survival rate of afforestation and the rate of bamboo shoot. The planting survival rate of the planting method reaches more than 95 percent, and the bamboo shoot growing rate is improved by more than 50 percent.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a forestation method for preterm high-yield cultivation of yellow bamboo as a dummy, namely a forestation method for burying bamboo stalks by double head bands and roots of bamboo seedlings of yellow bamboo as a dummy, which comprises the following steps:
seedling selection: the quality standard of the I-grade seedlings is achieved, namely the seedlings are grown for 1-2 years, the ground diameter of the bamboo poles is more than 1.5cm, the length of the stalks is 60 cm, the seedlings with the bags are large in bud eyes of the stalk bases, and the seedlings have no obvious water loss, no damage and no plant diseases and insect pests.
Planting requirements are as follows: step one, selecting a forestation land: selecting flat ground, hilly slope ground and valley terrace ground which are convenient to traffic, have elevation of 1000 meters, gradient of below 35 degrees, thick soil layer (thickness of more than 40 centimeters), fertile and loose, and have good water-wet condition as bamboo-making ground; step two, clearing forest and preparing land: removing sundries on the ground in a comprehensive cleaning mode; preparing land by adopting a block shape or a belt shape, wherein the land preparation depth is 20-30 cm; step three, planting point configuration: after the soil is finished, arranging the soil in a mode of Chinese character pin according to the plant-row spacing of 3.0 multiplied by 4.0 meters, and paying off and nesting the soil after arranging the soil, wherein the specification is that the pit bottom is 80cm long, 60 cm wide and 40 cm deep; step four, base fertilizer preparation: after the planting holes are dug, applying base fertilizer to the bottom of the holes 2 weeks before planting, applying 0.25 kg of compound fertilizer to the bottom of each hole, and backfilling fine soil to prevent the fertilizer from directly contacting bamboo roots to burn out root buds; step five, planting and afforesting: planting time: spring for 2-3 months; ② afforestation density: 56 hole (double ends)/mu; the double-head straw burying planting method comprises the following steps: firstly, removing bamboo shoot shells of bamboo seed heads before planting, and dipping roots in slurry (indole @ sodium naphthalene acetate rooting powder, rooting powder: slurry is 1: 10) with rooting powder, so as to achieve the purposes of promoting rooting and improving the survival rate; secondly, surface soil with uniform thickness is filled at the bottom of the hole with the base fertilizer, then the bamboo seedlings are obliquely placed in the hole, the bamboo stalks and the ground form an inclined angle of 5-10 degrees, the lateral buds face to two sides, the horse ear-shaped cuts face upwards so as to receive rainwater, or the bamboo stalks are poured into the cuts by mud to prevent the bamboo stalks from drying up. Finally, the bamboo stump part is covered with soil tightly, after the seedling is lifted properly, the bamboo stump part is covered with surface soil for the second time and is compacted, then core soil is covered until the cave surface is arc-shaped so as to avoid water accumulation in the cave, the arc-shaped height is only 3-5 cm higher than the bamboo stalk base, and the thickness of the soil covering is 10-12 cm. After planting, each hole is watered with proper amount of root fixing water and covered with proper amount of weed for heat preservation and moisture preservation.
The management and protection requirements are as follows: after forestation, the management and protection are enhanced, and people and livestock are prevented from trampling. And (4) paying attention to drought and waterlogging, draining waterlogging in time in rainy days, and watering to protect seedlings in sunny days and rainless days. And finding that the seedlings lack should be replanted in the spring of the next year. Weeding and loosening soil: weeding is carried out in 6-7 months of the 1 st year of the young forest, and attention is paid not to damage new shoots. Weeding is carried out again before the seeds of the weed are ripe in 10 months. In the 2 nd and 3 rd years, soil loosening and hole expanding are preferably carried out in 3 and 10 months, and bamboo stands are guided to expand outwards. Secondly, fertilizing with proper amount: and (5) weeding and loosening the soil to fertilize. In the 1 st year and the 2 nd year, the compound fertilizer is applied thinly according to the fertilizing amount of 0.2 kg/bundle each time. The amount of compound fertilizer is increased properly in 6 and 9 months from year 3. Protecting and culturing bamboo shoots: the newly-built bamboo forest is mainly used for protecting and culturing bamboo shoots, weak bamboo shoots, small bamboo shoots and bamboo shoots are removed in time, and good quality and bad quality are remained until the forest is grown.
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which include, but are not limited to, the following examples.
Example 1
According to the afforestation method provided by the invention, a central financial forestry science and technology popularization demonstration project is completed in 2019: the high-yield cultivation technology of the phyllostachys sinica is popularized and demonstrated, an implementation area is drawn by adopting a resource treasure data acquisition system, the construction area is 300 mu, and 2 demonstration points (Zhangwo village and Hippocampus village in Yangtze river town of Yibin city) are respectively used for constructing demonstration forests of 200 mu and 100 mu.
After 4 months of afforestation (7 months in 2019), whether the bamboo seedlings planted in the demonstration area are alive or not is judged, the survival condition is self-checked by sampling according to the proportion of 5 percent of the area (20 sample plots are set, and each sample plot is 100 square meters), and the survival rate of the yellow bamboo based on the hypothesis is 100 percent.
After 6 months of afforestation (namely, 9 months in 2019), whether survival bamboo seedlings planted in a demonstration area are damaged or not is judged to be stored, the storage condition is self-checked by sampling according to the proportion of 5 percent of the area (20 sample plots are set, and each sample plot is 100 square meters), and the storage rate of yellow bamboo afforestation is assumed to reach 93 percent.
The investigation conditions of survival rate and preservation rate are shown in tables 1 and 2.
TABLE 1 survey of survival rate
TABLE 2 retention rate survey table
After 8 months of forestation (namely, 11 months in 2019), the condition of the shoot of the demonstration forest is investigated. The quantity of the bamboo shoots per burst of the demonstration forest is improved by 66 percent compared with that of the bamboo shoots per burst of the conventional afforestation. The details of the examination of the amount of shoot are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 Table for investigating the amount of bamboo shoot
Table 4 for the conventional afforestation index pair:
TABLE 4 comparison of high yield cultivation demonstration with conventional afforestation index summary
The following data are easily obtained: the survival rate of the high-yield cultivation demonstration land is improved compared with the conventional afforestation, the preservation rate is improved, the average number of the bamboo shoots per shoot in the afforestation is improved by 66%, and the quality (ground diameter) of the early shoot is improved by 37% compared with the quality of the bamboo shoots in the conventional afforestation. By implementing the high-yield cultivation technology of the yellow bamboo as an illusion, the demonstration area is driven to 4000 mu by radiation, and the technical effect is obvious. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the invention has outstanding substantive features and remarkable progress.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but all changes that can be made by applying the principles of the present invention and performing non-inventive work on the basis of the principles shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A forestation method for realizing premature high yield of yellow bamboo as a dummy adopts a bamboo seedling double-head stump-burying stalk forestation method, and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) before planting, removing bamboo shoot shells at the heads of the bamboo seeds, and dipping the bamboo shoots in the slurry mixed with the rooting powder to achieve the purposes of promoting rooting and improving the survival rate;
(2) planting, namely filling surface soil which is uniform in knee promoting on the bottom of a hole which is provided with base fertilizer, then obliquely putting bamboo seeds into the hole, wherein bamboo stalks and the ground form an inclined angle of 5-10 degrees, side buds face to two sides, and horse ear-shaped cuts face upwards so as to receive rainwater, and pouring slurry into the cuts to prevent the bamboo stalks from drying up;
(3) and (3) covering soil, wherein the bamboo stump part is covered with the soil in a tight manner, after the seedling is properly lifted, the second surface soil compaction is carried out, then the core soil is covered until the cave surface is in an arc shape so as to avoid water accumulation in the cave, the arc height is only 3-5 cm higher than that of the bamboo culm base, and the thickness of the covered soil is 10-12 cm.
2. The afforestation method according to claim 1, wherein the selection criteria of the bamboo species are: the bamboo canes grow for 1-2 years, the ground diameter of the bamboo canes is more than 1.5cm, the length of the bamboo canes is 60 cm, the bamboo canes are provided with pockets, the bud eyes of the bamboo canes are large, and no obvious water loss, damage or pest damage occurs.
3. The afforestation method according to claim 1, wherein the selection criteria of the afforestation site are: the land is convenient for traffic, has the elevation of 1000 meters, the gradient of less than 35 degrees, the soil layer thickness of more than 40 centimeters, is fertile for transportation, and has good water-wet condition.
4. A afforestation method according to claim 3, wherein, before planting, the selected afforestation land is cleaned in a comprehensive cleaning mode to remove impurities on the ground, and is prepared in a block or strip mode, and the soil preparation depth is 20-30 cm.
5. A method as claimed in claim 4, wherein, before planting, after soil preparation, the plants are arranged in a manner of Chinese character Pin according to a row spacing of 3.0 x 4.0 m, and after arrangement, the plants are laid out in a line-laying and pit-making manner, wherein the specifications are that the pit bottom is 80cm long, the width is 60 cm, and the depth is 40 cm.
6. A afforestation method as defined in claim 5, wherein after the hole digging, base fertilizer is applied to the bottom of the hole 2 weeks before planting, 0.25 kg of compound fertilizer is applied to the bottom of the hole per hole, and fine soil is backfilled to prevent the fertilizer from directly contacting bamboo stumps to burn out root buds.
7. The afforestation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the rooting powder is indole and sodium naphthaleneacetate compounded rooting powder.
8. The afforestation method according to claim 7, wherein a mass ratio of the rooting powder to the mud is 1: 10.
9. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein after planting, a suitable amount of root fixing water is poured into each hole, and a suitable amount of weeds are covered on the hole surfaces to preserve heat and moisture.
10. A method of afforestation according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the planting time is 2 to 3 months per year.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104663187A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2015-06-03 | 毛丽娜 | Artificial cultivation method for green bamboos |
| CN105010068A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-11-04 | 湖南新丰阳光现代农业发展有限公司 | Method for cultivating rapid growing and high-yield fruit trees |
| KR20170052025A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2017-05-12 | 한국과학기술연구원 | Rooftop gardening equipment for ground cover plants |
| CN111802185A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-10-23 | 宜宾林竹产业研究院 | Summer and winter landscape planting method for garcinia mangostana |
-
2020
- 2020-11-06 CN CN202011231057.4A patent/CN112314306A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104663187A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2015-06-03 | 毛丽娜 | Artificial cultivation method for green bamboos |
| CN105010068A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-11-04 | 湖南新丰阳光现代农业发展有限公司 | Method for cultivating rapid growing and high-yield fruit trees |
| KR20170052025A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2017-05-12 | 한국과학기술연구원 | Rooftop gardening equipment for ground cover plants |
| CN111802185A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-10-23 | 宜宾林竹产业研究院 | Summer and winter landscape planting method for garcinia mangostana |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 周国强等: "佯黄竹种苗繁育技术研究", no. 5, pages 288 - 24 * |
| 莫时仁: "竹子栽培与利用", 贵州科技出版社, pages: 123 - 124 * |
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