CN108605572B - Method for constructing coral island shelter forest - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for constructing a coral island reef shelter forest. Through investigation, evaluation and screening 7 kinds of south China coast plants that are fit for planting in coral island reef coastal sandy land, three-dimensional combination and space configuration are carried out, through dig kind of plant hole on coral island reef, applied organic fertilizer, slow-release fertilizer, water-retaining agent, plant arbor seedling, bush seedling, herbaceous and liana seedling in proper order, arbor, irritate, grass, the reasonable collocation of rattan, backfill planting matrix and coral sand, form bush, liana community-arbor, bush community from outside to inside, conventional maintenance, can form more natural plant community at last. The method utilizes coastal island plants in south China to carry out island reef greening on tropical coral in south China, is simple and easy to implement, has low cost, is beneficial to environmental protection, and can effectively and quickly construct island reef shelter belts.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the technical field of afforestation on island rocks which are big in wind waves and are not suitable for forest planting, and particularly relates to a method for constructing a coral island reef protection forest.
Background art:
the tropical coral island is lack of real soil and fertility, the stability and water-retaining property of the matrix condition are poor, the tropical coral island has the characteristics of high salinity, high temperature, multiple typhoons, strong light and other extreme environments, plants are difficult to grow, and certain vegetation and corresponding living environment cannot be formed. In order to construct a coral island reef vegetation ecosystem as soon as possible, exert the corresponding functions of wind prevention, sand fixation, shading, covering, cooling, masking and the like, build a favorable ecological environment, rapidly afforest a newly-built tropical coral island reef and form a matching technology.
When plants are planted on the reef, salt fog can be formed in coastal areas under the power action of strong wind and sea waves, and the salt fog is settled on branches and leaves of trees to cause physiological desalination, so that the plants wither and die when serious. To avoid this, it is the best way to establish a shelter forest. The key technical problems to be solved in the method for constructing and protecting the vegetation of the forest on the coral island are as follows: through scientific species screening, breeding, domesticating, configuring, planting and maintenance management methods, the coral sand near-natural vegetation and an ecological system thereof are built, so that the aims of ecological wind prevention and sand fixation are fulfilled; the selected plant has easy reproduction, strong adaptability and rapid growth. Through extensive investigation on saline-alkali-tolerant, drought-tolerant and wind-resistant plants on the coasts of islands in Guangdong and Hainan provinces, characteristic local soil plants which are suitable for the extreme environmental characteristics of coral islands and reefs are screened out, and related supporting technologies are obtained through systematic research and experiments, so that the method is used for greening the shelter forest of the islands and reefs. And (4) constructing near-natural protective forest vegetation in the coastal sandy land.
Casuarina equisetifolia (Casuarina equisetifolia), also known as Casuarina equisetifolia, genu denuda, cauda equiseti, is evergreen arbor of the genus Musca of the family Muscaidae, as high as 20 m or more; the trunk is straight, and the diameter reaches 70 cm; the crown is long and narrow and conical; the bark of the old tree is coarse, dark brown, irregular longitudinal fissure and deep red with endothelium; red brown branch with dense nodes; the branches separated at the last time are grayish green, fine, and have the diameter of about 0.8mm, the length of 10-25cm, normal softness and droop, 7-8 grooves and ridges, and the internode length of 3-9 mm. The scaly leaves are usually 7 per wheel, less 6 or 8, are in the shape of needles or triangles, are 1-3mm long and are tightly attached. The flower is hermaphrodite or heterozygote; the male inflorescence has no total pedicel, is rod-shaped and cylindrical, and is 1-4 cm long; the female inflorescence usually comes to the tip of a lateral brachypodium near the tip of the branch. The cone-shaped infructescence is elliptical, has a length of 1.5-2.5 cm and a diameter of 1.2-1.5 cm, and two ends are nearly truncated or blunt; the small nuts with the wings are 4-7mm long and 2-3mm wide. The flowering period is 4-5 months, and the fruit period is 7-10 months. The seed grows fast, has strong germination capacity and deep and wide root system, and has the characteristics of drought resistance, sand resistance and saline-alkali resistance. The coastal areas of south China and east China are generally planted, are gradually domesticated and are wild. Australia and pacific islands were native.
Terminalia catappa (Terminalia catappa), also known as Eriobotrya japonica, Terminalia arborescens of Terminalia of Combretaceae, with a height of 15m or more and brownish black bark; the branches are flat and flat, and the part near the top is densely covered by brown yellow villi with dense and obvious leaf marks. Big leaves, alternate growth, often dense in the top of branches, inverted oval shape of leaves, 12-22cm long, 8-15cm wide, blunt tip or short tip at the tip, gradually narrowed below the middle, truncated or stenotic base, hair on both sides or loose and soft hair on the back when young, full margin, sparse and slightly wavy, thick and strong main pulse, 10-12 pairs of side pulses; the petiole is short and thick, 10-15mm long, and is hairy. The panicle-shaped inflorescence is long and slender, axillary, and 15-20cm long, male peanuts are arranged at the upper part, and amphoteric peanuts are arranged at the lower part; small bract and early falling; flower majority, green or white, about 10mm long; the calyx barrel is cup-shaped and 8mm long, and the calyx teeth are 5 triangular and are several equal to the calyx barrel. The fruit is oval, usually slightly flattened, has 2 edges, has wing-shaped narrow edges on the edges, is 3-4.5 cm long, 2.5-3.1 cm wide, and is about 2 boxed meters thick, and the two ends are slightly tapered, and the peel is woody and hard. The flowering period is 3-6 months, and the fruit period is 7-9 months. Produce Guangdong, Hainan, Taiwan and Yunnan provinces. Malaysia, Vietnam, and India and oceania are all distributed. It is usually grown on seaside and sandy beach with damp-heat weather, and has fast growth and wind resistance.
Calophyllum inophyllum (Calophyllum inophyllum): also called as Malus agar, Malus spectabilis fruit, Calophyllum of Guttiferae, tree of Calophyllum of Guttiferae, height 5-12 m or higher, bark thick, grey brown or dark brown, longitudinal crack; the young branches have longitudinal stripes. The leaf is thick leather, wide oval or inverted oval, 8-15cm long, 4-8cm wide, round or slightly deficient at the top end, blunt round at the base or wide wedge-shaped, and has luster on both sides; the medial pulse sinks downwards on the upper surface, the lower surface rises, the lateral pulse is mostly, and the two surfaces rise; the leaf stalks are thick and 1-2.5cm long. The raceme or the panicle is near the top, has 7-11 flowers, and is short and thin more than 10cm long; the flower is amphoteric and white, and the diameter is 2-2.5 cm; the length of the flower stalk is 1.5-4 cm; 4 calyx splits; the petals 4 are inverted and shaped like needles, and the length is about 1 cm. The fruit is spherical, about 2.5cm in diameter, and yellow when ripe. The flowering period is 3-6 months, and the fruit period is 9-11 months. Producing Hainan and Taiwan, and growing in wild or open land on hills and sandy wasteland on seashore. India, srilanca, mediterranean peninsula, malaysia, indonesia, anderman archipelago, philippine archipelago, australia, etc.
Acacia mangium (Acacia auriculiformis), also known as Acacia aurifolia, is an evergreen tree of Acacia of Leguminosae, with drooping branches, smooth bark and grey white color; the small branches have no hair and have obvious skin pores. The petiole is sickle-shaped and long, the length is 10-20cm, the width is 1.5-5cm, the two ends are gradually narrowed, and 3-7 more remarkable main pulses are provided. The panicle-shaped inflorescence is 3.5-8 cm long, and 1 to a plurality of branches cluster on leaf axils or branch tops; orange-yellow flower; the top of the calyx is superficial and fissured; the petals are long round and 1.5-2 mm long. Rolling when the pod is mature, wherein the length is 5-8cm, the width is 0.8-1.2cm, the fruit valve is woody, and each fruit is provided with about 12 seeds; the seeds were black. The seed grows rapidly and has strong germination capacity. Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Fujian and Zhejiang provinces. Native northern australia and new zealand.
The quassia tree (Cleriodendrim inerme), also known as xu tree, false jasmine and halodendron, belongs to the genus Clerodendraceae, climbs shrub, stands upright or lies flat, and can reach 2 meters; the roots, stems and leaves have bitter taste; the twigs are quadrangular, yellow-gray, short and soft. Leafing, pellicular, oval, elliptical or elliptical shape is acicular, the length is 3-7cm, the width is 1.5-4.5cm, the top end is blunt and sharp, the base part is wedge-shaped or wide wedge-shaped, the whole edge is usually slightly curled, the surface is dark green, the back surface is light green, no hair is produced or the back surface is sparse along the pulse to generate short and soft hair, and the side pulse is 4-7 pairs; the petiole is about 1cm long; the polypodium usually consists of 3 flowers, which are branched for 2 times and are born in the axilla of the leaf or the axilla of the branch top leaf; flower fragrance, wherein inflorescence peduncles are 2-4 cm long; the corolla is white, the top is 5 cracks, and the split is oblong; the filaments are purplish red and slender and extend out of the corolla together with the flower column. The drupes are inverted egg-shaped, the diameter is 7-10 mm, 4 seeds are arranged in the drupes, and calyx is reserved. The flower and fruit period is 3-12 months. The coast beach of Fujian, Taiwan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan and the places where tidal energy arrives.
Cowpeas (Vigna marina) belonging to genus Vigna of family Leguminosae, which are perennial creeping or climbing herbs, are rattan-shaped and can grow up to several meters; the stem is hairy when young, and unhaired or fluffy when old. Pinnate compound leaf with 3 small leaves; the leaf supporting egg shape is 3-5 mm long; the leaflets are nearly leathery, oval or inverted egg-shaped, 3.5-9.5cm long, 2.5-9.5cm wide, the tips are rounded, blunt or slightly concave, the bases are wide and wedge-shaped or nearly circular, and the two sides are provided with extremely sparse short seta to be nearly unhairing; the leaf stalk is 1.5-11.5 cm long, and the leaf axis is 0.5-3 cm long. The total inflorescence is 2-4 cm long and is short and soft; the total length of the pedicel is 3-13 cm; the length of the flower stalk is 4.5-6 mm; the length of the calyx tube is 2.5-3 mm, and the calyx tube has no hair; the corolla is yellow, the flag petal is in an inverted egg shape, the length is 1.2-1.3cm, and the width is 1.4 cm; the length of the petal and keel is about 1 cm. The pod is long and round, slightly bent, swollen, 3.5-6cm long, 8-9mm wide, thin and slightly soft when tender, and hairless when old; 2-6 seeds, yellow brown or red brown, long round, 5-7mm long, long round hilum. The tropical region is widely distributed and produces seaside sandy land of Taiwan and Hainan (Xisha Ningpo) in China.
Lei grass (Thuarea involutia), also known as Chang Gong grass, is a perennial herb. The stalks crawl the ground, the joints root downwards, the leaves and inflorescences are extracted upwards, and the vertical parts are 4-10cm high. The length of the leaf sheath is 1-2.5cm, is about 1/2 of internode length, and is used for dredging the quilt and smoothing hair; the leaf tongue is extremely short and has white short cilia; the leaves are needle-shaped, 2-3.5cm long and 3-8mm wide, and usually have fine and soft hair on both sides, and the edges are often partially corrugated. The panicle-shaped inflorescence is 1-2cm long; the length of the spathe is about 2cm, the top end is sharp, the back surface is soft, the base part is dense, and the pulse is large and thick; the spike has a leaf shape, two sides are densely covered and soft, the spike has a plurality of veins, the lower part is provided with 1 amphoteric spikelet, the upper part is provided with 4-5 male spikelets, and the top end extends to form a pointed end; the amphiprotic spikelets are in an egg shape and are in a needle shape, the length of the amphiprotic spikelets is 3.5-4.5mm, 2 florets are contained, and only the second floret is fruited; the male small spike is long and round and is in a shape of a needle, and the length of the male small spike is 3-4 mm; a first glume lack, a second glume grass; after the male spikelet is mature, the leaf-shaped spike shaft is rolled up to surround the fructification spikelet. The flower and fruit period is 4-12 months. On the coast beach of Taiwan, Guangdong, Hainan province, etc. Japan, southeast asia, oceania, and madagascar also have distributions.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a method for constructing a coral island reef shelter forest.
The method for constructing the coral island shelter forest is characterized by comprising the following steps of,
leveling the coral island reef sandy land, planting trees on the coral island reef sandy land, and then maintaining to obtain a protection forest;
the arbor is more than one of a casuarina equisetifolia seedling, an acacia macrophylla seedling, an Terminalia catappa seedling and a Calophyllum inophylla seedling;
the shrub is a taro tree seedling;
the herbaceous liana and herbaceous plants are more than one of cowpea seedlings and thunder grass seedlings.
Preferably, the specific steps are as follows:
A. leveling the coral island reef sandy land, filling the low-lying land to avoid water accumulation, and cleaning sundries and large reef blocks;
B. digging planting pits and filling matrix: excavating planting pits and preparing a drainage facility; then filling a plant planting matrix in the planting pit, wherein the plant planting matrix comprises, by mass, 25-30 parts of sea sand, 20-25 parts of laterite, 20-25 parts of coconut husk, 10-15 parts of slow release fertilizer, 10-15 parts of sheep manure and 5-10 parts of water-retaining agent;
C. planting: planting a quanlang tree belt, a mucuna belt and a coralhead plant belt in sequence from the outermost periphery close to the coast to realize belt-shaped mixed crossing, and then carrying out massive mixed crossing inwards, namely planting casuarina equisetifolia, coralhead plant, terminalia, and calophyllum inophyllum in a triangle shape, planting quanlang trees in the centers of adjacent triangle shapes, planting cowpeas beside the casuarina equisetifolia, the coralhead plant, the terminalia and the calophyllum inophyllum, and planting thunder grass and/or cowpeas beside planting pits of the quanlang trees;
and then curing to obtain the protection forest.
Preferably, the arbor ephedra nursery stock, acacia grandiflorum nursery stock, terminalia tree nursery stock, calophyllum inophyllum nursery stock, shrub quassia nursery stock, herbaceous liana cowpea nursery stock and herbaceous thunder grass nursery stock are cultured by the following method:
respectively planting herba Ephedrae nursery stock, folium abri nursery stock, Terminalia catappa seedling, Calophyllum inophyllum nursery stock, Kulang tree nursery stock, cowpea seedling and Leymus chinensis seedling in a non-imitation cloth bag containing a culture medium, and then planting, wherein the nursery stock is a healthy and strong seedling, and the culture medium is: the soil-improving agent comprises, by mass, 20-30 parts of common soil, 20-30 parts of coconut coir, 30-40 parts of leaf mold, 10 parts of vermiculite and 15 parts of sea sand, wherein a culture medium is added with a compound fertilizer, and each 5kg of the culture medium is added with 15-20 g of the compound fertilizer (potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer);
the height of the casuarina equisetifolia and the acacia seedlings is 0.6-0.8m, the height of the Terminalia catappa and the Crateva seedlings is 1-1.2m, the height of the Alternaria serrata seedlings is 40-60cm, and the length of the cowpea and Lei grass seedlings is 0.2-0.3 m.
Preferably, the excavation of the planting pits in the step B is performed, wherein the length, the width and the height of the casuarina equisetifolia, the acacia grandiflora, the terminalia catappa and the pachyrhizus plantlet planting pits are respectively 0.5m, the length, the width and the height of the planting pits of the kurana alopecuroide are respectively 0.3m, and the length, the width and the height of the planting pits of the cowpeas and thunder grass are respectively 0.1 m.
The planting in the step C is preferably as follows:
planting 2-3 rows of quanlang trees as quanlang tree belts in sequence from the outermost periphery near the coast, wherein the row spacing is 0.4m multiplied by 0.6 m; 3 rows of the casuarina equisetifolia are used as casuarina equisetifolia, and the plant row spacing is 1.5m multiplied by 1.5 m; 2 rows of acacia longissima are used as acacia longissima belts, the row spacing is 1.5m multiplied by 1.5m, strip-shaped mixed crossing is realized, block-shaped mixed crossing is carried out in an area which is 10m away from the acacia longissima belts inwards, namely casuarina equisetifolia, acacia longissima, terminalia, and calophyllum are planted and arranged in a shape like the Chinese character 'pin', the row spacing is 2.0m multiplied by 2.5m, quandas are planted in the centers of adjacent shapes like the Chinese character 'pin', 2 cowpeas are planted beside planting pits of each casuarina equisetifolia, acacia longissima, terminalia, and calophyllum, and 4 plants leys, or 2 cowpeas and 2 plants leys are planted beside the planting pits of each quandae;
the planting of the nursery stocks of the casuarina equisetifolia, the abrus macrophyllus and the terminalia catappa is that 4 cracks are cut at equal intervals on the side surface without a simulated cloth bag for loading the casuarina equisetifolia, the terminalia catappa and the seedlings of the pachysolen, after the cross-shaped cracks are cut at the bottom, the nursery stocks are vertically placed into a planting pit with a plant planting matrix laid, and then the planting pit is filled up and compacted by the plant planting matrix and coral sand; cutting 4 cracks at equal intervals on the side surface without the imitated cloth bag for containing the Kulang tree seedlings, vertically placing the Kulang tree seedlings into a Kulang tree seedling planting pit paved with a plant planting matrix after cutting a cross-shaped crack at the bottom, filling the Kulang tree seedling planting pit with the plant planting matrix and coral sand, and compacting; the planting method of Lei grass and cowpea comprises digging pits with length, width and height of 0.1m with small steel shovel at two sides of planting pit for planting Ephedra sinica Stapf, Bush abra and Terminalia catappa, planting 2 plants in each pit, covering a layer of thin plant planting matrix, compacting, cutting bottom of Lei grass bag seedling with cross-shaped cracks at two sides of planting pit for planting Melandra acuminata, digging pits with length, width and height of 0.1m with small steel shovel, planting 4 plants in each pit, covering a layer of thin plant planting matrix, and compacting.
Preferably, the curing is: watering once every 2-3 days after watering the root, watering thoroughly every time, after one month, watering once when the root system of the seedling grows out, and the growth is stable, and watering once according to the condition of 7-10 days, and then performing conventional maintenance, including pruning branches, preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests and removing weeds.
Preferably, the roots of the nursery stocks of the casuarina equisetifolia and the abrus macrophylla with the height of 0.6-0.8m are placed in a non-imitation cloth bag with the diameter of 10-12 cm and the height of 10cm, the roots of the nursery stocks of the terminalia cataphylla with the height of 1-1.2m are placed in a non-imitation cloth bag with the diameter of 15-20cm and the height of 15cm, and the roots of the nursery stocks of the quanday tree with the height of 0.6-0.8m are placed in a non-imitation cloth bag with the diameter of 10-12 cm.
The compound fertilizer is a potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer, the slow release fertilizer is an organic microbial fertilizer type and granular, the water-retaining agent is super absorbent resin, and the water absorption performance is 1000-3000 times of the self weight of the water-retaining agent.
Preferably, the laterite and the coconut chaff in the plant planting substrate are respectively disinfected before mixing, the laterite is sprayed by using 150-time diluted carbendazim solution and 800-time 50% phoxim per 80g of medicament, 1000kg of mixed laterite and coconut chaff are evenly mixed, and the disinfected laterite and coconut chaff are evenly mixed with sea sand, sheep manure, slow release fertilizer and water retention agent to obtain the plant planting substrate.
Preferably, the dosage of the plant planting substrate is 1.6-2 kg of planting pits for trees and 1.0-1.5 kg of planting pits for shrubs.
Preferably, in the block mixed forest, the casuarina equisetifolia and the acacia longifolia are planted at intervals, the cowpea fruit and the thunder grass are planted at intervals, and the ratio of the quantity of the nursery stocks of the coniferous trees to the broad leaf trees is 1: 1.5.
Preferably, a concave ditch which is 25-30 cm in diameter, low in the middle and arched around is built near the root of the arbor plant, and 4 vertical holes and ditches are drilled in the concave ditch, wherein the diameter of the concave ditch is 4-5cm, so that drainage is facilitated.
Preferably, the planting time of the nursery stock in the step (4) is 5-6 months in summer.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the coral island reef matrix is often provided with a large amount of hard and thick reefs, and a large amount of manpower is saved by excavating planting holes of arbors such as casuarina equisetifolia, acacia longissima, Terminalia sericea and Calophyllum inophyllum by utilizing an excavator (hooking machine);
2. the plant planting matrix of red loam, coconut chaff, sheep manure and water-retaining agent is added into the excavated planting holes, so that a growing microenvironment can be created for the plants, and the organic fertilizer and the slow-release fertilizer can continuously provide nutrition for the early rejuvenation of the plants; reef sand of the coral island reef is short of a soil structure, nutrient and extremely low in water content, and the added coconut coir can play a role in ventilation and moisture preservation; the laterite contains rich native plant seeds, plays a role of a seed bank, and increases the diversity of plant species in a planting area.
3. Since the time required for the nursery stock to be shipped to the reef island is long, the rootstocks of the nursery stock are wrapped by the non-imitation cloth so as to facilitate the water and air permeability of the rootstocks of the plants. When arbor nursery stock was planted, cut 4 cracks at the side equidistance of no imitative sack with the scissors, cut "ten" font crack back in the bottom, put into the kind cave together with root of plant and no imitative sack, compare with in the past with the plastics bag of growing seedlings, the technique of getting rid of when planting can fully remain root matrix, avoids bare root and root damage, improves the nursery stock survival rate, and does not have imitative cloth and can degrade, does not cause the pollution to the environment.
4. Casuarina equisetifolia, acacia grandiflorum, terminalia, calophyllum inophyllum, quanlang trees, cowpeas and thunder grass are common plants in coastal areas of south China, wherein the casuarina equisetifolia is suitable for afforestation in coastal areas of south China, sand lands and coastal areas can be planted, and the coral island reef greening test shows that the casuarina equisetifolia is also suitable for coral island reef greening. The grass vine cowpea and the grass plant thunder grass can creep and grow, and can fix sand quickly. The method adopts a mixed crossing mode of belt shape and block shape to plant arbor species, arbor, shrub, grass and vine are reasonably matched and configured, shrub and vine communities are formed from outside to inside, three-dimensional greening is formed, and a protection forest can be quickly constructed.
According to the invention, 7 plants in the south China coast suitable for the coral island reef coastal sandy land planting are investigated, evaluated and screened, three-dimensional combination and spatial configuration are carried out, planting holes are dug on the coral island reef, organic fertilizer, slow release fertilizer and water retention agent are applied, arbor seedlings, shrub seedlings, herbaceous plants and vine seedlings are sequentially planted, arbor, shrub, herbaceous plants and vine are reasonably matched, planting matrix and coral sand are backfilled, a shrub and vine community-arbor and shrub community is formed from outside to inside, and conventional maintenance is carried out, so that a natural plant community can be formed finally. The method utilizes coastal island plants in south China to carry out island reef greening on tropical coral in south China, is simple and easy to implement, has low cost, is beneficial to environmental protection, and can effectively and quickly construct island reef shelter belts.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the following examples are further illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting thereof.
Example 1:
(1) culturing and selecting nursery stocks: cultivating and screening strong and qualified nursery stocks of casuarina equisetifolia, abrus macrophylla, Terminalia catappa, Calophylla, Aleuropaea, cowpea and Thymus serrulata in nursery foundation land, carrying out root breaking treatment before transplanting arbor seedlings, disinfecting the arbor seedlings, shrub seedlings and herb seedlings together, and then planting the arbor seedlings into a non-imitation cloth bag containing a culture medium. The roots of the nursery stocks of the casuarina equisetifolia and the abrus macrophyllus with the height of 0.6-0.8m are placed in a non-imitation cloth bag with the diameter of 10-12 cm and the height of 10cm, the roots of the seedlings of the Terminalia catappa and the pachyrhizus androsaceus with the height of 1-1.2m are placed in a non-imitation cloth bag with the diameter of 15-20cm and the height of 15cm, the roots of the seedlings of the Kurana melanocarpa with the height of 0.6-0.8m are placed in a non-imitation cloth bag with the diameter of 10-12 cm, and the length of the cowpea and Leptochloe seedlings is.
The cultivation substrate comprises, by mass, 20 parts of common soil, 20 parts of coconut coir, 30 parts of leaf mold, 10 parts of vermiculite and 15 parts of sea sand, wherein a compound fertilizer is added into the cultivation substrate, and 15g of the compound fertilizer (potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer) is added into every 5kg of the cultivation substrate.
The seedling of the arbor casuarina equisetifolia, the Terminalia sericea and the Acacia macrosperma is a seed seedling, the seedling of the herb cowpea is a seed seedling, and the seedling of the Leymus chinensis is a seedling for division propagation. The growth regulator for cultivating the cuttage seedlings of the quassia tree is ABT No. 1 rooting powder with the concentration of 500 mg/L.
(2) Material transportation: in the 5 months, the nursery stock, the culture medium, the tools, etc. were transported by ship from Hainan to a demonstration base, where the nursery stock was placed in the shade.
(3) Leveling the sand of the coral island: the area of a coral island demonstration base in Sansha city, Hainan is 8600m2Leveling the land by machinery such as an excavator (a hook machine) and a forklift according to the designed elevation of the land, filling the low-lying land to avoid water accumulation, and cleaning sundries and large reefs.
(4) Digging a seedling planting pit and filling a matrix: the length, width and height of the planting pit for the casuarina equisetifolia, the acacia grandiflorum, the Terminalia catappa and the Calophyllum inophyllum seedlings are respectively 0.5m, and the length, width and height of the planting pit for the Branchis arborescens seedlings are respectively 0.3 m. And (4) before excavation, avoiding underground buried cables or water pipes, and taking drainage measures. A small wheel type excavator excavates a tree planting pit. Adding a plant planting matrix into the dug seedling planting pits of the casuarina equisetifolia, the acacia grandiflorum, the terminalia catappa, the calophyllum inophyllum and the quassia tree, wherein the thickness of the plant planting matrix is 15-20 cm; the plant planting substrate comprises, by mass, 30 parts of sea sand, 25 parts of laterite, 20 parts of coconut coir, 10 parts of slow release fertilizer, 15 parts of sheep manure and 5 parts of water-retaining agent.
The slow release fertilizer is organic microbial fertilizer type and granular. The water-retaining agent is super absorbent resin, and the water absorption performance is 1000-3000 times of the water absorbed by the water-retaining agent. The components of the plant planting matrix, namely laterite and coconut husk, are respectively disinfected before mixing, the laterite is sprayed by using 150-time diluted carbendazim solution and 800-time 50% phoxim per 80g of pesticide, 1000kg of the mixed laterite and coconut husk are evenly mixed, and the disinfected laterite and coconut husk are evenly mixed with sea sand, sheep manure, slow release fertilizer and water-retaining agent. The dosage of the plant planting matrix is 1.6-2 kg of arbor in each planting hole, and 1.0-1.5 kg of shrub in each planting hole.
(5) Planting space: planting 2-3 rows of quanlang trees as quanlang tree belts in sequence from the outermost periphery near the coast, wherein the row spacing is 0.4m multiplied by 0.6 m; 3 rows of the casuarina equisetifolia are used as casuarina equisetifolia, and the plant row spacing is 1.5m multiplied by 1.5 m; 2 rows of acacia longissima are used as acacia longissima belts, the row spacing is 1.5m multiplied by 1.5m, strip-shaped mixed crossing is realized, block-shaped mixed crossing is carried out in an area which is 10m away from the acacia longissima belts inwards, namely casuarina equisetifolia, acacia longissima, terminalia, and calophyllum are planted and arranged in a shape like the Chinese character 'pin', the row spacing is 2.0m multiplied by 2.5m, quassia trees are planted in the centers of adjacent shapes like the Chinese character 'pin', 2 cowpeas are planted beside planting pits of each casuarina equisetifolia, acacia longissima, terminalia, and calophyllum, and 4 plants leys are planted beside the planting pits of each quassia; the casuarina equisetifolia and the acacia longifolia are planted at intervals, and the cowpea and the thunder grass are planted at intervals. The ratio of the quantity of the seedlings of the coniferous trees to the quantity of the seedlings of the broad-leaved trees is 1: 1.5.
The planting of the nursery stocks of the casuarina equisetifolia, the abrus macrophyllus and the terminalia catappa is that 4 cracks are cut at equal intervals on the side surface without a simulated cloth bag for loading the casuarina equisetifolia, the terminalia catappa and the seedlings of the pachysolen, after the cross-shaped cracks are cut at the bottom, the nursery stocks are vertically placed into a planting pit with a plant planting matrix laid, and then the planting pit is filled up and compacted by the plant planting matrix and coral sand; cutting 4 cracks at equal intervals on the side surface without the imitated cloth bag for containing the Kulang tree seedlings, vertically placing the Kulang tree seedlings into a Kulang tree seedling planting pit paved with a plant planting matrix after cutting a cross-shaped crack at the bottom, filling the Kulang tree seedling planting pit with the plant planting matrix and coral sand, and compacting; planting Lei grass and cowpea comprises digging pits with length, width and height of 0.1m with small steel shovel at two sides of planting pit for planting Ephedra sinica Stapf, Bush abra and Terminalia catappa, planting 2 plants in each pit, covering a layer of thin plant planting matrix, compacting, digging pit with small steel shovel at two sides of planting pit for planting Melandra acuminata, cutting bottom of Lei grass bag seedling with cross crack, digging pit with length, width and height of 0.1m with small steel shovel, planting 4 plants in each pit, covering a layer of thin plant planting matrix, and compacting; a concave groove with the diameter of 25-30 cm, low middle and arched periphery is built near the root of the arbor plant, and 4 vertical hole grooves with the diameter of 4-5cm are chiseled in the concave groove, so that drainage is facilitated. And planting all the seedlings within 10 days.
(6) And (5) maintenance: the fresh sea water and the domestic wastewater are watered once every 2 to 3 days after the root water is poured, and the water is thoroughly poured each time. After one month, when the root system of the seedling grows out and the growth is stable, watering once in 7-10 days according to the condition. Binding hollow stainless steel tube support with height of 1.5m and diameter of 2cm beside Terminalia catappa and Calophylla seedlings. Trimming and shaping at proper time, preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests, and removing alien invasive weeds.
After 12 months, the greening area of the demonstration base reaches 85%, the survival rate of casuarina equisetifolia and acacia longifolia reaches 91%, the survival rate of the Terminalia catappa reaches 98%, the survival rate of the calophyllum inophyllum and the survival rate of the caraway tree reach 90%, the survival rate of the Kurana alopecuroides reaches 92%, and the survival rate of the cowpea and thunder grass reaches 89%. Herbaceous plants such as rhizoma et radix agaves Sisalanae (Dactylococcus aegyptium), herba Portulacae (Portulaca oleracea), herba Eleusines Indicae (Eleusines indica), rhizoma Cyperi (Cyperus rotundus), herba Sesbania cannabinae (Sesbania cannabina), and herba Erysiae Japonicae (Physalis angulata) also grow in the planting area.
Example 2:
(1) culturing and selecting nursery stocks: cultivating and screening strong and qualified nursery stocks of casuarina equisetifolia, abrus macrophylla, Terminalia catappa, quanday trees, cowpeas and Leymus chinensis in nursery base lands, carrying out root breaking treatment before transplanting arbor seedlings, disinfecting the arbor seedlings, shrub seedlings and herb seedlings together, and then planting the arbor seedlings into a non-imitation cloth bag containing a culture medium. The roots of the nursery stocks of the casuarina equisetifolia and the abrus macrophyllus with the height of 0.6-0.8m are placed in a non-imitation cloth bag with the diameter of 10-12 cm and the height of 10cm, the roots of the nursery stocks of the terminalia cataphylla with the height of 1-1.2m are placed in a non-imitation cloth bag with the diameter of 15-20cm and the height of 15cm, the roots of the seedlings of the celangua amara with the height of 0.6-0.8m are placed in a non-imitation cloth bag with the diameter of 10-12 cm, and the length of the cowpeas and thunder grass seedlings is 0.2-0.3m and is.
The cultivation substrate comprises 30 parts of common soil, 30 parts of coconut coir, 40 parts of leaf mold, 10 parts of vermiculite and 15 parts of sea sand by weight, a compound fertilizer is added into the cultivation substrate, and 15-20 g of the compound fertilizer (potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer) is added into every 5kg of the cultivation substrate.
The seedling of the arbor casuarina equisetifolia, the Terminalia sericea and the Acacia macrosperma is a seed seedling, the seedling of the herb cowpea is a seed seedling, and the seedling of the Leymus chinensis is a seedling for division propagation. The growth regulator for cultivating the cuttage seedlings of the quassia tree is ABT No. 1 rooting powder with the concentration of 500 mg/L.
(2) Leveling the sand of the coral island: the area of a coral island demonstration base in Sansha city, Hainan is 7500m2Leveling the ground by machinery such as a hook machine and a forklift according to the designed elevation of the ground, filling the low-lying ground to avoid water accumulation, and cleaning sundries and large reef stones.
(3) Material transportation: in 6 months, the seedlings, the culture medium, the tools and the like were transported by ship from Hainan to a demonstration base, and the seedlings were placed in the shade.
(4) Digging a seedling planting pit and filling a matrix: the length, width and height of the seedling planting pit of the casuarina equisetifolia, the acacia grandiflora and the terminalia catappa are respectively 0.5m, and the length, width and height of the seedling planting pit of the quanday tree are respectively 0.3 m. And (4) before excavation, avoiding underground buried cables or water pipes, and taking drainage measures. Small-size wheeled machine of colluding excavates arbor and plants hole. Adding a plant planting matrix into the dug seedling planting pits of the casuarina equisetifolia, the acacia grandiflorum, the Terminalia catappa and the quassia tree, wherein the thickness of the plant planting matrix is 15-20 cm; the plant planting substrate comprises, by mass, 25 parts of sea sand, 20 parts of laterite, 25 parts of coconut husk, 10 parts of slow release fertilizer, 10 parts of sheep manure and 5 parts of water-retaining agent.
The slow release fertilizer is organic microbial fertilizer type and granular. The water-retaining agent is super absorbent resin, and the water absorption performance is 1000-3000 times of the water absorbed by the water-retaining agent. The components of the plant planting matrix, namely laterite and coconut husk, are respectively disinfected before mixing, the laterite is sprayed by using 150-time diluted carbendazim solution and 800-time 50% phoxim per 80g of pesticide, 1000kg of the mixed laterite and coconut husk are evenly mixed, and the disinfected laterite and coconut husk are evenly mixed with sea sand, sheep manure, slow release fertilizer and water-retaining agent. The dosage of the plant planting matrix is 1.6-2 kg of arbor in each planting hole, and 1.0-1.5 kg of shrub in each planting hole.
(5) Planting space: planting 2-3 rows of quanlang trees as quanlang tree belts in sequence from the outermost periphery near the coast, wherein the row spacing is 0.4m multiplied by 0.6 m; 3 rows of the casuarina equisetifolia are used as casuarina equisetifolia, and the plant row spacing is 1.5m multiplied by 1.5 m; 2 rows of acacia longissima are used as acacia longissima belts, the row spacing is 1.5m multiplied by 1.5m, strip-shaped mixed crossing is realized, block-shaped mixed crossing is carried out in an area which is 10m away from the acacia longissima belts inwards, namely casuarina equisetifolia, acacia longissima and terminalia L trees are planted and arranged in a shape like the Chinese character 'pin', the row spacing is 2m multiplied by 2.5m, quanlang trees are planted in the centers of adjacent shapes like the Chinese character 'pin', 2 cowpeas are planted beside planting pits of each casuarina equisetifolia, acacia longissima and terminalia L trees, and 4 ramus hamiana thunder grass are planted beside each planting pit of quanlang trees; the casuarina equisetifolia and the acacia longifolia are planted at intervals, and the cowpea and the thunder grass are planted at intervals. The ratio of the quantity of the seedlings of the coniferous trees to the quantity of the seedlings of the broad-leaved trees is 1: 1.5.
The planting of the nursery stocks of the casuarina equisetifolia, the abrus macrophyllus and the terminalia catappa is that 4 cracks are cut at equal intervals on the side surface of a non-imitation cloth bag containing the nursery stocks of the casuarina equisetifolia, the crape-shaped cracks are cut at the bottom of the nursery stocks, the nursery stocks are vertically placed into planting pits paved with plant planting matrixes, and then the planting pits are filled up and compacted by the plant planting matrixes and coral sand; cutting 4 cracks at equal intervals on the side surface without the imitated cloth bag for containing the Kulang tree seedlings, vertically placing the Kulang tree seedlings into a Kulang tree seedling planting pit paved with a plant planting matrix after cutting a cross-shaped crack at the bottom, filling the Kulang tree seedling planting pit with the plant planting matrix and coral sand, and compacting; planting Lei grass and cowpea comprises digging pits with length, width and height of 0.1m with small steel shovel at two sides of planting pit for planting Ephedra sinica Stapf, Bush abra and Terminalia catappa, planting 2 plants in each pit, covering a layer of thin plant planting matrix, compacting, digging pit with small steel shovel at two sides of planting pit for planting Melandra acuminata, cutting bottom of Lei grass bag seedling with cross crack, digging pit with length, width and height of 0.1m with small steel shovel, planting 4 plants in each pit, covering a layer of thin plant planting matrix, and compacting; a concave groove with the diameter of 25-30 cm, low middle and arched periphery is built near the root of the arbor plant, and 4 vertical hole grooves with the diameter of 4-5cm are chiseled in the concave groove, so that drainage is facilitated. And planting all the seedlings within 10 days.
(6) And (5) maintenance: the fresh sea water and the domestic wastewater are watered once every 2 to 3 days after the root water is poured, and the water is thoroughly poured each time. After one month, when the root system of the seedling grows out and the growth is stable, watering once in 7-10 days according to the condition. Binding a hollow stainless steel pipe support with the height of 1.5m and the diameter of 2cm beside the seedling of the Terminalia catappa. Trimming and shaping at proper time, preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests, and removing alien invasive weeds.
After 12 months, the greening area of the demonstration base reaches 80%, the survival rate of casuarina equisetifolia and acacia longifolia reaches 89%, the survival rate of the Terminalia catappa reaches 96%, the survival rate of the quassia tree reaches 90%, and the survival rate of cowpeas and rashes reaches 88%. And herbal plants such as rhizoma et radix agaves, herba portulacae, eleusine indica, rhizoma cyperi, sesbania, Desmodium microphyllum and the like are grown in the planting area.
Example 3:
(1) culturing and selecting nursery stocks: cultivating and screening strong and qualified nursery stocks of casuarina equisetifolia, calophyllum inophyllum, quanlang trees, cowpeas and thunder grass in nursery base lands, carrying out root breaking treatment before transplanting arbor seedlings, disinfecting the arbor seedlings, shrub seedlings and herb seedlings together, and then planting the arbor seedlings into a non-imitation cloth bag containing a culture medium. The roots of the nursery stocks of the casuarina equisetifolia with the height of 0.6-0.8m are placed in a non-imitation cloth bag with the diameter of 10-12 cm and the height of 10cm, the roots of the nursery stocks of the calophyllum inophyllum with the height of 1-1.2m are placed in a non-imitation cloth bag with the diameter of 15-20cm and the height of 15cm, the roots of the seedlings of the Kurana arborea with the height of 0.6-0.8m are placed in a non-imitation cloth bag with the diameter of 10-12 cm, and the cowpea seedlings and the thunder grass seedlings are 0.2-0.3m in length and placed in.
The cultivation medium comprises, by mass, 20 parts of common soil, 20 parts of coconut coir, 30 parts of leaf mold, 10 parts of vermiculite and 15 parts of sea sand, wherein a compound fertilizer is added into the cultivation medium, and 15-20 g of the compound fertilizer (potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer) is added into every 5kg of the cultivation medium.
The arbor species ephedra and red thick shell are seed seedlings, and the herb species cowpea seedlings are seed seedlings. The growth regulator for cultivating the cuttage seedlings of the quassia tree is ABT No. 1 rooting powder with the concentration of 500 mg/L.
(2) Leveling the sand of the coral island: the area of a coral island demonstration base in Sansha city, Hainan is 6200m2Leveling the ground by using machines such as an excavator and a forklift according to the designed elevation of the ground, filling the low-lying ground to avoid water accumulation, and cleaning sundries and large reef stones.
(3) Material transportation: in month 4, the nursery stock, the culture medium, the tools, etc. were transported by ship from Hainan to a demonstration base, and the nursery stock was placed in the shade.
(4) Digging a seedling planting pit and filling a matrix: the length, width and height of the casuarina equisetifolia and the pachysolen seedling planting pit are respectively 0.5m, and the length, width and height of the taro tree seedling planting pit are respectively 0.3 m. And (4) before excavation, avoiding underground buried cables or water pipes, and taking drainage measures. Small-size wheeled machine of colluding excavates arbor and plants hole. Adding a plant planting substrate into the dug casuarina equisetifolia, the pachysandra mangostana and the taro tree seedling planting pit, wherein the thickness of the plant planting substrate is 15-20 cm; the plant planting substrate comprises, by mass, 25 parts of sea sand, 25 parts of laterite, 20 parts of coconut coir, 15 parts of slow release fertilizer, 10 parts of sheep manure and 10 parts of water-retaining agent.
The slow release fertilizer is organic microbial fertilizer type and granular. The water-retaining agent is super absorbent resin, and the water absorption performance is 1000-3000 times of the water absorbed by the water-retaining agent. The components of the plant planting matrix, namely laterite and coconut husk, are respectively disinfected before mixing, the laterite is sprayed by using 150-time diluted carbendazim solution and 800-time 50% phoxim per 80g of pesticide, 1000kg of the mixed laterite and coconut husk are evenly mixed, and the disinfected laterite and coconut husk are evenly mixed with sea sand, sheep manure, slow release fertilizer and water-retaining agent. The dosage of the plant planting matrix is 1.6-2 kg of arbor in each planting hole, and 1.0-1.5 kg of shrub in each planting hole.
(5) Planting space: planting 2-3 rows of quanlang trees as quanlang tree belts in sequence from the outermost periphery near the coast, wherein the row spacing is 0.4m multiplied by 0.6 m; 3 rows of the casuarina equisetifolia are used as casuarina equisetifolia, and the plant row spacing is 1.5m multiplied by 1.5 m; realizing banded mixed crossing, and then carrying out blocky mixed crossing in an area which is 10 meters away from the jute belt inwards, namely planting the casuarina equisetifolia and the pachysolen in a delta shape, wherein the row spacing is 2.0m multiplied by 2.5m, planting quanlang trees in the centers of adjacent delta shapes, planting 2 cowpeas beside the planting pits of each casuarina equisetifolia and pachysolen, and planting 2 cowpeas and thunder grass beside the planting pits of each quanlang tree; the cowpeas and Lei grass are planted in a interlaced way.
The planting of the casuarina equisetifolia and the pachysolenia rubra seedlings is that 4 cracks are cut at equal intervals on the side surface of a non-imitation cloth bag containing the casuarina equisetifolia seedlings, the casuarina equisetifolia seedlings are vertically placed into a planting pit paved with a plant planting matrix after being cut at the bottom, and then the planting pit is filled and compacted by the plant planting matrix and coral sand; cutting 4 cracks at equal intervals on the side surface without the imitated cloth bag for containing the Kulang tree seedlings, vertically placing the Kulang tree seedlings into a Kulang tree seedling planting pit paved with a plant planting matrix after cutting a cross-shaped crack at the bottom, filling the Kulang tree seedling planting pit with the plant planting matrix and coral sand, and compacting; the planting of the cowpeas is that small steel shovels are used for digging pits at two sides of a planting pit for planting the horseback and the red thick shell, the length, the width and the height of each pit are respectively 0.1m, after the bottom of cowpeas bagged seedlings is cut into a cross-shaped crack, 2 plants are planted in each pit, a layer of thin plant planting matrix is covered and compacted, after the bottom of cowpeas or thunder grass bagged seedlings is cut into a cross-shaped crack, small steel shovels are used for digging pits at two sides of the planting pit for planting the taro tree, the length, the width and the height of each pit are respectively 0.1m, 2 cowpeas and 2 plants thunder grass are planted in each pit, and a layer of thin plant planting matrix is covered and compacted; and (3) erecting a concave groove which is 25-30 cm in diameter, low in the middle and arched at the periphery near the root of the arbor plant, and chiseling 4 vertical hole grooves with the diameter of 4-5cm in the concave groove. And planting all the seedlings within 8 days.
(6) And (5) maintenance: the fresh sea water and the domestic wastewater are watered once every 2 to 3 days after the root water is poured, and the water is thoroughly poured each time. After one month, when the root system of the seedling grows out and the growth is stable, watering once in 7-10 days according to the condition. Trimming and shaping at proper time, preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests, and removing alien invasive weeds.
After 12 months, the greening area of the demonstration base reaches 76%, the survival rate of casuarina equisetifolia reaches 86%, the survival rate of calophyllum inophyllum reaches 85%, the survival rate of quanlang trees reaches 90%, and the survival rate of cowpeas reaches 85%. Generally, the layering is low, and the windproof effect is weak. And growing the herbaceous plants such as the dragon claw cogongrass, the purslane, the eleusine indica, the Achyranthes aspera and the like in the planting area.
Through the 3 embodiments, the greening and protection forest construction is carried out in summer for about 5 months, the effect is better than that of autumn, the seedling growth is fast, and the survival rate is high; the plant planting matrix comprises the following components in parts by mass: when the ratio is 3: 1, the survival rate of the nursery stock is high, and the effect is good.
Claims (1)
1. A method for constructing a coral island shelter forest is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
A. leveling the coral island reef sandy land, filling the low-lying land to avoid water accumulation, and cleaning sundries and large reef blocks;
B. digging planting pits and filling matrix: the length, the width and the height of a casuarina equisetifolia, abrus macrophylla, an olive kernel tree and a calophyllum inophylla seedling planting pit are respectively 0.5m and 0.3m, cables or water pipes buried underground are avoided before excavation, a drainage measure is made, a small wheel type excavator excavates the planting pit, a plant planting matrix is added into the excavated casuarina equisetifolia, abrus macrophylla, an olive kernel tree, a calophyllum inophylla seedling planting pit and a peruvian tree seedling planting pit, and the thickness of the plant planting matrix is 15-20 cm; the plant planting substrate comprises, by mass, 30 parts of sea sand, 25 parts of laterite, 20 parts of coconut coir, 10 parts of slow release fertilizer, 15 parts of sheep manure and 5 parts of water-retaining agent;
spraying laterite with a medicament, uniformly mixing the sprayed laterite with coconut coir, wherein 80g of the medicament is used for every 1000kg of the laterite and the coconut coir, the medicament is a carbendazim solution diluted by 150 times and 50% of phoxim diluted by 800 times, uniformly mixing the sterilized laterite and coconut coir with sea sand, sheep manure, slow-release fertilizer and a water-retaining agent, and the dosage of a plant planting matrix is 1.6-2 kg for each planting hole of a tree and 1.0-1.5 kg for each planting hole of a shrub;
C. planting: planting 2-3 rows of quanlang trees as quanlang tree belts in sequence from the outermost periphery near the coast, wherein the row spacing is 0.4m multiplied by 0.6 m; 3 rows of the casuarina equisetifolia are used as casuarina equisetifolia, and the plant row spacing is 1.5m multiplied by 1.5 m; 2 rows of acacia longissima are used as acacia longissima belts, the row spacing is 1.5m multiplied by 1.5m, strip-shaped mixed crossing is realized, block-shaped mixed crossing is carried out in an area which is 10m away from the acacia longissima belts inwards, namely casuarina equisetifolia, acacia longissima, terminalia, and calophyllum are planted and arranged in a shape like the Chinese character 'pin', the row spacing is 2.0m multiplied by 2.5m, quassia trees are planted in the centers of adjacent shapes like the Chinese character 'pin', 2 cowpeas are planted beside planting pits of each casuarina equisetifolia, acacia longissima, terminalia, and calophyllum, and 4 plants leys are planted beside the planting pits of each quassia; the casuarina equisetifolia and the acacia longifolia are planted at intervals, the cowpea and the thunder grass are planted at intervals, and the ratio of the quantity of the nursery stocks of the coniferous trees to the broad-leaved trees is 1: 1.5;
the planting of the nursery stocks of the casuarina equisetifolia, the abrus macrophyllus and the terminalia catappa is that 4 cracks are cut at equal intervals on the side surface without a simulated cloth bag for loading the casuarina equisetifolia, the terminalia catappa and the seedlings of the pachysolen, after the cross-shaped cracks are cut at the bottom, the nursery stocks are vertically placed into a planting pit with a plant planting matrix laid, and then the planting pit is filled up and compacted by the plant planting matrix and coral sand; cutting 4 cracks at equal intervals on the side surface without the imitated cloth bag for containing the Kulang tree seedlings, vertically placing the Kulang tree seedlings into a Kulang tree seedling planting pit paved with a plant planting matrix after cutting a cross-shaped crack at the bottom, filling the Kulang tree seedling planting pit with the plant planting matrix and coral sand, and compacting; planting Lei grass and cowpea comprises digging a pit with length, width and height of 0.1m with a small steel shovel at two sides of a planting pit for planting Ephedra sinica, Acacia macrosperma and Terminalia sericea, cutting off a cross-shaped crack at the bottom of cowpea bag seedling, planting 2 plants in each pit, covering a layer of thin plant planting matrix and compacting, cutting off a cross-shaped crack at the bottom of Lei grass bag seedling or cowpea bag seedling at two sides of the planting pit for planting the Alura sericea, digging a pit with length, width and height of 0.1m with a small steel shovel, covering a layer of thin plant planting matrix and compacting, erecting a concave ditch with a diameter of 25-30 cm near the root of arbor plant, low in the middle and arched around, and digging 4 vertical holes in the concave ditch, with a diameter of 4-5cm, and facilitating drainage;
D. and (5) maintenance: watering fresh sea water and domestic wastewater once every 2-3 days after root fixing water is poured, watering thoroughly every time, after one month, when seedling root systems grow out and grow stably, watering once every 7-10 days as the case may be, binding hollow stainless steel pipes with the height of 1.5m and the diameter of 2cm beside the Terminalia catappa and the Calophylla seedlings for supporting, trimming and shaping in due time, performing pest control, and removing foreign invasive weeds to obtain a protection forest;
the arbor ephedra nursery stock, acacia grandiflorum nursery stock, terminalia tree nursery stock, calophyllum rubrum nursery stock, shrub quanlang nursery stock, grass vine cowpea seedling and grass thunder grass seedling are cultured by the following method:
the method comprises the steps of putting roots of casuarina equisetifolia and acacia mahogany seedlings with the height of 0.6-0.8m into a non-imitation cloth bag which is 10-12 cm in diameter and 10cm in height and contains a culture medium, putting roots of Terminalia catappa and Callicarpa reticulata seedlings with the height of 1-1.2m into a non-imitation cloth bag which is 15-20cm in diameter and 15cm in height and contains the culture medium, putting roots of Kurana seedlings with the height of 0.6-0.8m into a non-imitation cloth bag which is 10-12 cm in diameter and contains the culture medium, putting cowpea seedlings and thunder grass seedlings into the non-imitation cloth bag containing the culture medium, wherein the culture medium comprises 20 parts of common soil, 20 parts of coconut coir, 30 parts of saprophyta soil, 10 parts of vermiculite and 15 parts of sea sand by mass, adding a compound fertilizer into the culture medium, and adding 15g of compound fertilizer into every 5kg of the culture medium.
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| CN110959449B (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2021-08-17 | 深圳市高山水生态园林股份有限公司 | Planting method of acacia confusa in coastal rocky zone of south China |
| CN114946303A (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2022-08-30 | 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 | Ecological barrier for blocking salt fog in sea island |
| CN113383680B (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2022-12-13 | 中山大学 | Method for realizing bare land regreening on mountain tops of islands |
| CN114946508A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-08-30 | 海南省农业科学院热带园艺研究所 | Ecological restoration method suitable for Hainan Sansha island |
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