CN104488531A - Method for constructing close-to-nature vegetations in southern coastal sandy land - Google Patents
Method for constructing close-to-nature vegetations in southern coastal sandy land Download PDFInfo
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- CN104488531A CN104488531A CN201410834674.1A CN201410834674A CN104488531A CN 104488531 A CN104488531 A CN 104488531A CN 201410834674 A CN201410834674 A CN 201410834674A CN 104488531 A CN104488531 A CN 104488531A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for constructing close-to-nature vegetations in a southern coastal sandy land. The method disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps: firstly, screening six plants, namely lpomoea pes-caprae, scaevola taccada, spinifex, vitex rotundifolia, catharanthus roseus and stachytarpheta jamaicensis, which are suitable for planting in the coastal sandy land, and forming two combinatorial planting; then, digging planting holes, adding family manure as a base fertilizer, adding a water-retaining agent, placing straws on the peripheries of the planting holes to form straw checkboards (which have the function of improving the microenvironment (light shading, wind keepout and the like) for seedling growth, and the straws can be used as a fertilizer after being rotted), soaking bag seedlings with water, adding a compound fertilizer, backfilling sand or foreign soil, and maintaining. After about two months, the six plants are relatively good in growth effect and can form the close-to-nature vegetations; in addition, the vegetations are relatively simple to manage and maintain, and the survival rate reaches over 90 percent respectively.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to Coastal Sandy Land revegetation field, be specifically related to a kind of method in southern Coastal Sandy Land construction near-nature forest vegetation.
Background technology:
Coastal Sandy Land is equivalent to the ecosystem of extreme degradation, its soil or matrix condition extreme difference (lack soil and organic matter, stability and poor water retention property), face simultaneously high temperature, high salt, high light, multiple stage wind and rain drought alternately the extreme climate environment condition such as obvious descend, usual plant is difficult to survival and settles down, and it is extremely difficult to carry out vegetation newly-built (or recover).Along with Coastal Sandy Land exploitation dynamics greatly, many places face carries out the work of fixing the sand, afforest and improving the ecological environment in the newly-built vegetation of Coastal Sandy Land.But on Coastal Sandy Land, carry out revegetation, be equivalent to recover seminatural vegetation on the ecosystem of extreme degradation, to reach the effect fixing the sand and improve microhabitat, need very strong technical support.
The key problem in technology problem that the method that Coastal Sandy Land builds near-nature forest vegetation wants emphasis to solve is: the main limiting factor finding out Coastal Sandy Land vegetation growth, removes these limiting factors by the method for science; Again by the species selection of science, breed, tame, plant, configure and maintenance management method, build sand ground near-nature forest vegetation and the ecosystem thereof, reach ecology and fix the sand object, realize Landscape optimization simultaneously and beautify.In Coastal Sandy Land construction near-nature forest vegetation, 3 kinds of available key plants are as follows.
Thick rattan (Ipomoea pes-caprae): have another name called saddle rattan is Convolvulaceae herbaceous perennial vine plant.Complete stool is smooth; Stem is extremely grown and ground of crawling; Leaf alternate, heavy leather matter, the tip of blade is then significant depressions or splits close to 2, and shape is as saddle, and leaf long 4 ~ 8cm, wide 4 ~ 10cm, tool long handle, reaches 12cm.Florescence is constantly annual, contains most with summer; Cyme, corolla aubergine, diameter is about 8cm.Calyx majority is 5, Su Cun, from life, oval or width egg shape; Corolla radiation symmetric, pink is to light violet magenta, and funnel-form, 5 shallowly split, long 3.0 ~ 6.5mm.Capsule is spherical, Room 2, Glabrous, diameter 9 ~ 16mm, has just started, in yellow green, then to transfer sepia to time ripe.4 pieces, seed, pitchy.Property happiness high temperature, drying and sun-drenched environment, salt resistance is good, and wind resistance, drought resistance are good, and cold resistance and shade tolerance are slightly poor, has and beautifies seashore and fix the sand function.Grow on sandy beach and roadside by the sea more.Be distributed in Zhejiang, Fujian, Taiwan, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi and Pacific Islands.
Scaevola aemula (Scaevola sericea): also claiming goat's horn tree, is Goodeniaceae perennial evergreen semishrub plant (or dungarunga), high 1-3m, branch diameter 0.5-1cm, normal hollow.Leaf helical arrangement, major part concentrates on branch top, stockless or tool short handle, and cochlear is to obovate, and long 10-22cm, wide 4-8cm, base portion wedge shape, nose-circle is blunt, truncate or nick, Quan Yuan, or marginal wavy, slightly meat.Cyme armpit is raw, long 1.5-3cm.Bract and bractlet little; Joint is had between bennet and flower; Calyx without hair, the cylinder portion shape of falling ovum, sliver strip lanceolar, long 2.5mm; Corolla white or faint yellow, is about 2cm.Drupe ossphere shape, white and without hair or have pubescence, diameter 7-10mm.The flowering fruit bearing stage 4-12 month.Be distributed in the coastal sandy beach of south China and Pacific Islands, chad ground.Property happiness high temperature, humidity and sun-drenched environment, salt resistance is good, withstand strong wind, drought-enduring, cold-resistant, resistance to high light; Antipollution and sick worm harm ability strong, fast growth is typical strand plant, often against the coast of coral reef or with other strand plant consor in seashore limit, in face of sea growth, be Coastal Sandy Land (particularly the South China Sea Islands) frequently seen plants.
Mane thorn (Spinifex littoreus): be grass family herbaceos perennial; Leaf is strong as thorn, involute; The different strain of flower unisexuality; Male small ear has 1-2 little Hua, nearly stockless, and be born on the spike of tool long handle, inflorescence multiple junction becomes umbel, for thorn-like bract institute around; Female small ear is combined into a great circle capitulum, has the spike of radial, long aristiform, and each spike only has a small ear at base portion; The grain husk of male and female small ear and the equal film quality of lemma are only female larger.Heat production band asia and ocenia, the Coastal Sandy Land of south China to Taiwan has distribution.
Summary of the invention:
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of method in southern Coastal Sandy Land construction near-nature forest vegetation, utilize the method can build southern Coastal Sandy Land near-nature forest vegetation and the ecosystem thereof, reach ecology and fix the sand object, realize Landscape optimization simultaneously and beautify.
Method in southern Coastal Sandy Land construction near-nature forest vegetation of the present invention, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
A, plant variety: thick rattan (Ipomoea pescaprae), Scaevola aemula (Scaevola sericea), mane thorn (Spinifex littoreus), Vitex rotundifolia (Vitex trifolia Linn.var.simplicifolia Cham.), catharanthus roseus (Catharanthus roseus) and false horsewhip (Verbena officinalis);
B, plantation space: starting first to plant more than thick rattan 2 row by position, seashore, plant Scaevola aemula or mane thorn again, and then Vitex rotundifolia of arranging in pairs or groups, catharanthus roseus and false horsewhip are interspersed wherein toward interior;
The planting patterns of c, plant is all taked first to dig kind of a plant hole, then at kind of a plant hole Nei Fang farmers' base manure, put water-loss reducer again, put one deck straw form careless lattice along planting plant hole periphery, then by after soaked for plant bag seedling, put bag seedling to kind of a plant hole, cut bag, then backfill part is husky, puts composite fertilizer on kind of plant hole both sides, finally backfill sand or soil moved in improve the original, water to saturated;
D, planted after, water first to saturation moisture content, gradually reduce afterwards and water, form near-nature forest vegetation to plant growth.
After general plantation completes, within general about one month, just can form near-nature forest vegetation, survival rate can reach more than 90%.
Preferably, conically, taper seat diameter is 30cm to described kind plant hole, height is 30cm, spacing 30cm × 30cm, height of seedling be 15cm and more than, plant in plant hole and put base manure (farmyard manure) by the nutritious bag volume of the 2/3 plant bag seedling of planting, then put water-loss reducer 5g/ strain; The straw of described careless lattice is thick is 1cm, and ground and underground ratio are 1:2.
The present invention is first according to the ecological and biological characteristic of plant, filter out the thick rattan of applicable Coastal Sandy Land plantation, Scaevola aemula, mane stings, Vitex rotundifolia, catharanthus roseus, 6 Plants such as false horsewhip, again by digging kind of a plant hole, put farmers''s base manure, put water-loss reducer, kind plant hole periphery puts straw formation straw checkerboard barrier, and (its effect is for seedling growth improves subenvironment (shading is kept out the wind), straw makes fertilizer after rotting), bag seedling is soaked, put composite fertilizer, backfill sand or soil moved in improve the original, safeguard, the growth result of about 2 months 6 Plants is better, near-nature forest vegetation can be formed, and manage and protect relatively simple, survival rate all reaches more than 90%.
The planting patterns that utilization bag seedling of the present invention is soaked, straw forms straw checkerboard barrier, more than general simply effective at Coastal Sandy Land kind seedling-growing method, manage and protect that cost is low (to water less, straw shading keeps out the wind, fertilizer can be made) after rotting, survival rate is high, saves time and cost, and can implant mass, have application value, newly-built to the islands and reefs vegetation of bad environments especially or recovery has good reference.
Embodiment:
Following examples further illustrate of the present invention, instead of limitation of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
Place: at certain southern Coastal Sandy Land:
1, plant variety: 6 Plants such as thick rattan, Scaevola aemula, mane thorn, Vitex rotundifolia, catharanthus roseus and false horsewhip.
2, plantation spatially, starts first to plant thick rattan 2 row by position, seashore, and again toward interior plantation Scaevola aemula or mane thorn after the thick rattan of 2 row, and then the plants such as plantation Vitex rotundifolia, catharanthus roseus and false horsewhip of arranging in pairs or groups are interspersed wherein.
3, dig cave and put base manure: the planting patterns of plant is all taked first to dig kind of a plant hole, plant plant hole conically, taper seat diameter is 30cm, height is 30cm, spacing is about 30cm × 30cm, height of seedling be about 15cm and more than, plant plant hole Nei Fang farmers' base manure (its amount is the nutritious bag volume of the 2/3 plant bag seedling of planting), then put water-loss reducer 5g/ strain.
4, spread straw lattice: put one deck along kind plant hole periphery and be about the thick straw formation straw checkerboard barrier of 1cm, above and below ground ratio is about 1:2.Its effect be for seedling growth improve subenvironment (shading is kept out the wind), straw rot after make fertilizer.
5, plantation and fertilising: the soaked (aeration of plant bag seedling, hand pinches not water outlet), put plant bag seedling to kind of a plant hole, bag is cut with scissors, in order to avoid affect the contact between native ball and plant roots, after backfilling sand about 10cm height again, put composite fertilizer (a little away from root, to hinder root in order to avoid fertile) on kind of plant hole both sides more.Finally backfill sand or soil moved in improve the original, water to saturated.
6, safeguard: after having planted, within second day, rewater.According to wind, temperature and growth of cereal crop seedlings condition, then reduce irrigation amount gradually.Within later one week, water once.The growth result of 6 Plants is better, and manages and protects relatively simple, and within about 2 months, can form near-nature forest vegetation, survival rate is about 90%.
Claims (2)
1., in a method for southern Coastal Sandy Land construction near-nature forest vegetation, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
A, plant variety: thick rattan (Ipomoea pescaprae), Scaevola aemula (Scaevola sericea), mane thorn (Spinifex littoreus), Vitex rotundifolia (Vitex trifolia Linn.var.simplicifolia Cham.), catharanthus roseus (Catharanthus roseus) and false horsewhip (Verbena officinalis);
B, plantation space: starting first to plant more than thick rattan 2 row by position, seashore, plant Scaevola aemula or mane thorn again, and then Vitex rotundifolia of arranging in pairs or groups, catharanthus roseus and false horsewhip are interspersed wherein toward interior;
The planting patterns of c, plant is all taked first to dig kind of a plant hole, then at kind of a plant hole Nei Fang farmers' base manure, put water-loss reducer again, put one deck straw form careless lattice along planting plant hole periphery, then by after soaked for plant bag seedling, put bag seedling to kind of a plant hole, cut bag, then backfill part is husky, puts composite fertilizer on kind of plant hole both sides, finally backfill sand or soil moved in improve the original, water to saturated;
D, planted after, water first to saturation moisture content, gradually reduce afterwards and water, form near-nature forest vegetation to plant growth.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described kind plant hole conically, taper seat diameter is 30cm, height is 30cm, spacing 30cm × 30cm, height of seedling be 15cm and more than, plant in plant hole and put farmers''s base manure by the nutritious bag volume of the 2/3 plant bag seedling of planting, then put water-loss reducer 5g/ strain; The straw of described careless lattice is thick is 1cm, and ground and underground ratio are 1:2.
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Cited By (9)
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| CN105309187A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-02-10 | 道真仡佬族苗族自治县华毅中药材专业合作社 | Seedling raising method for paris polyphylla |
| CN105794478A (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2016-07-27 | 杭州市园林绿化股份有限公司 | Method for constructing coastal landscape |
| CN106718602A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-31 | 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 | A kind of transplanted seedling tree method on the coral sand of newly-built tropical hydraulic reclamation islands and reefs |
| CN107509405A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-12-26 | 中国科学院华南植物园 | A kind of method in tropical forest insect islands and reefs construction near-nature forest vegetation |
| CN108605572A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-10-02 | 中国科学院华南植物园 | A method of structure coral island shelter-forest |
| CN109618798A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-04-16 | 郝哲 | A kind of sand ground Zizyphus jujuba Mill rhizosphere soil compounding modification method |
| CN111657066A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-09-15 | 中都工程设计有限公司 | Construction method of plant community for sand stabilization and bank protection |
| CN114097511A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-03-01 | 海南大学 | Method for rapidly greening tropical and subtropical coastal sandy land |
| WO2023087489A1 (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2023-05-25 | 海南大学 | Slope protection method for tropical coastal sandy land |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105309187A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-02-10 | 道真仡佬族苗族自治县华毅中药材专业合作社 | Seedling raising method for paris polyphylla |
| CN105794478A (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2016-07-27 | 杭州市园林绿化股份有限公司 | Method for constructing coastal landscape |
| CN105794478B (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2019-05-14 | 杭州市园林绿化股份有限公司 | A kind of sea shore landscape construction method |
| CN106718602A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-31 | 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 | A kind of transplanted seedling tree method on the coral sand of newly-built tropical hydraulic reclamation islands and reefs |
| CN107509405A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-12-26 | 中国科学院华南植物园 | A kind of method in tropical forest insect islands and reefs construction near-nature forest vegetation |
| CN108605572A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-10-02 | 中国科学院华南植物园 | A method of structure coral island shelter-forest |
| CN108605572B (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2020-04-24 | 中国科学院华南植物园 | Method for constructing coral island shelter forest |
| CN109618798A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-04-16 | 郝哲 | A kind of sand ground Zizyphus jujuba Mill rhizosphere soil compounding modification method |
| CN111657066A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-09-15 | 中都工程设计有限公司 | Construction method of plant community for sand stabilization and bank protection |
| CN114097511A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-03-01 | 海南大学 | Method for rapidly greening tropical and subtropical coastal sandy land |
| WO2023082439A1 (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2023-05-19 | 海南大学 | Method for quickly greening tropical and subtropical coastal sandy land |
| WO2023087489A1 (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2023-05-25 | 海南大学 | Slope protection method for tropical coastal sandy land |
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Application publication date: 20150408 |