CN105900663B - A kind of greening method of south China beach saline land - Google Patents
A kind of greening method of south China beach saline land Download PDFInfo
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- CN105900663B CN105900663B CN201610324454.3A CN201610324454A CN105900663B CN 105900663 B CN105900663 B CN 105900663B CN 201610324454 A CN201610324454 A CN 201610324454A CN 105900663 B CN105900663 B CN 105900663B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of greening methods in South China's beach saline land, it forms stable no disease and pests harm phytobiocoenose according to Indian beech and the saline land biological characteristics of purple Indian dropseed herb, combination plantation.The raw Indian beech sapling of 1.5-2 is screened, saline land purple Indian dropseed herb seed passes through 0.1% KNO3The processing of vernalization in 24 hours is impregnated, is put into the matrix soil for remarkably promoting 2 plant growths and cultivates.Kind of a plant hole is excavated again, plants Indian beech bag containing soilless substrate seedling, broadcasts sowing the matrix soil for being mixed with saline land purple Indian dropseed herb seed, watering maintenance.Purple Indian dropseed herb seed germination is taken root with completing 2 weeks inner salts for plantation, 90% or more germination rate.Indian beech can be colonized after one month, and saline land purple Indian dropseed herb leaf color is bud green, and growth begins to extend, and extraordinary afforestation effect, and extensive management are obtained after 1 year.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to beach saline land ecological recovery fields, and in particular to a kind of in the green of South China's beach saline land
Change method.
Background technique
South China includes Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and the South China Sea Islands, and coastline is very long, littoral area's phreatic table
Shallowly, salinity is high, the earth's surface easily accumulation of salt in the surface soil, and the ecosystem is fragile.The oceanfronts such as port and pier, holiday village construction are constantly opened
Hair, usually face check winds and fix drifting sand, the work of revegetation.But the low littoral environment that becomes of the salinization of soil, vegetation coverage is built
Bottleneck.Studies have shown that biological control measure is the optimal path for developing and using salt-soda soil.However, south China strand bank plantation at present
Shelter-forest be mostly the plants such as horse-tail, acacia confusa, type is single, and pest and disease damage is serious, and degenerate problem is prominent.Therefore scientifically
Strand green plants resource is developed, reasonable phytobiocoenose is constructed, explores greening technique, is to solve seashore greening problem, realizes scape
See the key promoted.
Local plant resources are adaptable, acquisition is easy, unique region feature, cause the extensive concern of people, utilize township
Native landscape tree seeds seashore has become trend.2 kinds of indigenous plants being recommended to use be Indian beech (Pongamia pinnata) and salt
Ground purple Indian dropseed herb (Sporobolus virginicus).Indian beech is that pulse family is evergreen or half deciduous tree, high 8 ~ 15m, pinniform are multiple
Leaf is 20-25 centimetres long；Raceme axillary, corolla white or pink；Pod, seed kidney shape；The month at florescence 5-6, fruiting period 8-10
Month；Natural disposition is strong, and rudiment power is strong, and salt tolerance, anti-high wind resist cold that drought-enduring, shade tolerance is good.Saline land purple Indian dropseed herb, perennial herb,
Stalk is thin, and matter is harder, 15-60 centimetres high；Panicle tightens spike；The flowering fruit bearing stage 6-9 month；Rhizome is wooden and very flourishing, in sea
It can be grown in the various environment of bank, sprawling is rapid.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of greening method of south China beach saline land, Indian beech and saline land purple Indian dropseed herb are utilized
Saline-alkali tolerant, growth rapidly, breeding the features such as being easy, in conjunction with plant culture reproduction technique, rebuild south China beach saline land vegetation,
Stable structure of community is formed, extensive management, pest and disease damage is few, achievees the purpose that improve the soil and fix the sand, while obtaining beautiful greening effect
Fruit.The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of greening method of south China beach saline land, by Indian beech sapling and saline land purple Indian dropseed herb seed, mixed planting
On salt-soda soil, include the following steps:
One) it, transplants Indian beech sapling: loading onto matrix soil in planting bag, Indian beech sapling is transplanted to planting bag
As Indian beech bag seedling；
Two), cultivate saline land purple Indian dropseed herb seed: will saline land purple Indian dropseed herb seed disinfection rinse after dry, then will saline land rat-tail
Grain seed KNO3It impregnates, then mixes it with matrix soil；
Three) it, digs the kind plant hole of Indian beech sapling, saline land purple Indian dropseed herb: excavating Indian beech sapling on the supratidal zone soil of strand
Kind plant hole；Then the supratidal zone soil other than Indian beech sapling kind plant hole excavates saline land purple Indian dropseed herb kind plant hole；
Four), plant Indian beech sapling: by Indian beech bag seedling it is soaked after, be put into Indian beech sapling kind plant hole, cut bag, return
Matrix soil or sand are filled out, is sprinkled profoundly water；
Five) it, sows saline land purple Indian dropseed herb: being filled with the substrate soil for being mixed with saline land purple Indian dropseed herb seed in saline land purple Indian dropseed herb kind plant hole
Earth, then coco bran is covered, then watering to saturation.
It is described described Step 1: in two in the improvement project of the greening method to above-mentioned south China beach saline land
Matrix soil includes loess, thin river sand and farmyard manure, based on mass fraction 100%, including loess 50-60%, thin river sand 30-40%,
Farmyard manure 5-10%.
In the improvement project of the greening method to above-mentioned south China beach saline land, in the step 2, it is described saline land
Purple Indian dropseed herb seed is mixed with matrix soil 1:75-150 in mass ratio.
In the improvement project of the greening method to above-mentioned south China beach saline land, in the step 2, it is described saline land
Purple Indian dropseed herb seed is in KNO3In soaking time be 18 to 30 hours；The KNO3Concentration be 0.1-0.2%.
In the improvement project of the greening method to above-mentioned south China beach saline land, in the step 3, the water is yellow
The specification 40-50cm*40-50cm*40-50cm of skin sapling kind plant hole, the spacing of adjacent Indian beech sapling kind plant hole are 0.8-
1.5m；The specification 8-12cm*8-12cm*8-12cm of the saline land purple Indian dropseed herb kind plant hole, the spacing of adjacent purple Indian dropseed herb kind plant hole are
0.5-1m；Spacing between adjacent wampee seed plant hole and saline land purple Indian dropseed herb kind plant hole is 0.5-1m.
In the improvement project of the greening method to above-mentioned south China beach saline land, in the step 5, the coco bran
With a thickness of 1-3cm.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: the present invention using Indian beech, saline land purple Indian dropseed herb as native soil plant
Object, first in the matrix soil in kind of plant hole growth a period of time to avoid in the seedling regular period to salinity sensitive periods；And
Indian beech sapling have growth basis, after providing microenvironment as transition, can with spontaneous Adaptable growth, realization from artificial environment to
The transition of natural environment, greatly improves survival rate, to realize the greening at beach, therefore Indian beech, saline land purple Indian dropseed herb are native soil
Plant is used for saline land greening ecoscape excellent, forms healthy and stable phytobiocoenose；Easy to learn, labor of the invention
Fatigue resistance is low, in addition, the procurement cost of indigenous plant is low, growth is fast, the not danger of biotic intrusion, therefore the present invention is in south China
Regional beach saline land has extraordinary application prospect.
The invention will be further described below:
[specific embodiment]
Technical solution of the present invention is further elaborated below with reference to embodiment.
In Zhuhai, coastal saline-alkali on the ground, harvests mature saline land purple Indian dropseed herb seed, air-dries and saves.At the beginning of 3 months next years, salt suslik
Tail grain (Sporobolus virginicus(Linnaeus) Kunth) seed with 0.5% liquor potassic permanganate impregnate seed disappear
Poison 15 minutes, clear water is rinsed well, is dried.Enough matrix soils are prepared, including loess 60%, thin based on mass fraction 100%
River sand 30%, farmyard manure 10%.Then 0.1% KNO3 of the seed of saline land purple Indian dropseed herb is impregnated 24 hours, presses matter with matrix soil
Amount is mixed than 1:100.Select nursery in 1.5 years Indian beech (Pongamia pinnata(Linnaeus) Merrill) it is raw
100 plants of seedling (average height of seedling 0.8m, average ground diameter 1.2cm), is transplanted respectively to planting bag (specification 40cm*40cm*40cm).
In Guangzhou Nansha District beach saline land, strand supratidal zone excavates big kind plant hole (i.e. Indian beech sapling kind plant hole)
4 rows, big kind of plant hole specification (long X wide X high) are 45cm*45cm*45cm, spacing 1m*1m.Then on the tide in big kind of plant hole outside it
Band soil excavates microspecies plant hole (i.e. saline land purple Indian dropseed herb kind plant hole), microspecies plant hole 10cm*10cm*10cm, spacing 1m*1m；And make
Spacing between adjacent wampee seed plant hole and saline land purple Indian dropseed herb kind plant hole is 0.8m.The transplantation of seedlings of Indian beech bag is being planted greatly
In cave, material planting bag, backfill part soil are cut；The matrix soil for being mixed with saline land purple Indian dropseed herb seed is put into microspecies plant hole, on
Layer plus the covering of 1cm coco bran.After the completion of plantation, to being saturated, conventional garden management simultaneously keeps liquid manure to supply for watering.
Saline land purple Indian dropseed herb seed is sprouted after two weeks, and 85% or more microspecies plant hole has rudiment and just aobvious peak green, saline land rat-tail
90% or more grain seed germination rate.Indian beech is colonized normal growth after one month, and saline land purple Indian dropseed herb leaf color is bud green, and growth starts climing
Prolong.The busy season is grown by the 4-6 month, saline land purple Indian dropseed herb lawn basically forms, and extraordinary afforestation effect, no disease pest are obtained after 1 year
Evil.Second year Indian beech well-grown after field planting, plant height are more than 1.5m, hat width 0.8m*1m, spring and summer green coverage 120m2.With
Saline land purple Indian dropseed herb growth and sprawling, Indian beech growth, beach saline land gradually afforested, and extensive management, no disease and pests harm reaches
Extraordinary effect.
Preferably, Indian beech selects 1.5 to 2 years raw saplings in nursery, at this time the high 0.8-1.0m of seedling, average ground diameter
1.0-1.5cm, it is observed that the time, raw Indian beech delivery in 1.5 to 2 years is easy, wind resistance salt tolerant, without covering shading net, the most
It is suitable for that transplanting to coastal region is planted.
After excavating big kind of plant hole, microspecies plant hole is distributed near it.The specification and spacing of large and small kind of plant hole are as before stated
It is bright, but its arrangement mode can flexibly arrange according to aesthetic effect.
The present invention all has that beautiful, growth is rapid, salt tolerant is solid using Indian beech and saline land two kinds of indigenous plants of purple Indian dropseed herb
Biological characteristics husky, growth adaptation ability is strong, combination plantation can form stable community and pest and disease damage is few, then is preferably planted
Matrix is trained, a kind of greening method of south China beach saline land is integrated.
Experiments have shown that the formula of matrix soil includes loess, thin river sand and farmyard manure, including Huang based on mass fraction 100%
Native 50-60%, thin river sand 30-40%, farmyard manure 5-10% are that the cost of Indian beech and saline land purple Indian dropseed herb is low, the optimal cultivation of effect
Matrix.Yellow soil is wide in southern area distribution, and water retention property is good, in acidity；Because gas permeability is poor, so appropriate thin river is added
Sand keeps its loose ventilative.
Through Experimental Research, with 0.1% KNO324 hours seeds for handling saline land purple Indian dropseed herb are impregnated, its germination is promoted
Effect is best, soaks seed better than gibberellin.
Microspecies plant hole sowing saline land purple Indian dropseed herb is excavated, is broadcasted sowing better than conventional, prevents sea wind from brushing and rain drop erosion, radix saposhnikoviae,
Fixed and protection plant.1 coco bran after planting is added as surface covering on microspecies plant hole upper layer, avoids salt fog to seed
Injury.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of greening method of south China beach saline land, which is characterized in that by Indian beech sapling and saline land purple Indian dropseed herb seed, mix
Conjunction is planted on salt-soda soil, is included the following steps:
One) it, transplants Indian beech sapling: loading onto matrix soil in planting bag, Indian beech sapling is transplanted to becoming in planting bag
Indian beech bag seedling；
Two), cultivate saline land purple Indian dropseed herb seed: will saline land purple Indian dropseed herb seed disinfection rinse after dry, then will saline land purple Indian dropseed herb kind
Son KNO3It impregnates, then mixes it with matrix soil；
Three) it, digs the kind plant hole of Indian beech sapling, saline land purple Indian dropseed herb: excavating the plantation of Indian beech sapling on the supratidal zone soil of strand
Cave；Then the supratidal zone soil other than Indian beech sapling kind plant hole excavates saline land purple Indian dropseed herb kind plant hole；
Four), plant Indian beech sapling: by Indian beech bag seedling it is soaked after, be put into Indian beech sapling kind plant hole, cut bag, backfill base
Matter soil or sand, sprinkle profoundly water；
Five) it, sows saline land purple Indian dropseed herb: being filled with the matrix soil for being mixed with saline land purple Indian dropseed herb seed in saline land purple Indian dropseed herb kind plant hole,
Coco bran is covered again, then watering to saturation.
2. the greening method of south China beach saline land according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described Step 1: two
In, the matrix soil includes loess, thin river sand and farmyard manure, based on mass fraction 100%, including loess 50-60%, thin river
Husky 30-40%, farmyard manure 5-10%.
3. the greening method of south China beach saline land according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that in the step 2
In, the saline land purple Indian dropseed herb seed is mixed with matrix soil 1:75-150 in mass ratio.
4. the greening method of south China beach saline land according to claim 3, which is characterized in that in the step 2,
The saline land purple Indian dropseed herb seed is in KNO3In soaking time be 18 to 30 hours；The KNO3Concentration be 0.1-0.2%.
5. the greening method of south China beach saline land according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 3,
The specification 40-50cm*40-50cm*40-50cm of the Indian beech sapling kind plant hole, the spacing of adjacent Indian beech sapling kind plant hole
For 0.8-1.5m；The specification 8-12cm*8-12cm*8-12cm of the saline land purple Indian dropseed herb kind plant hole, adjacent purple Indian dropseed herb kind plant hole
Spacing is 0.5-1m；Spacing between adjacent wampee seed plant hole and saline land purple Indian dropseed herb kind plant hole is 0.5-1m.
6. the greening method of south China beach saline land according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 5,
The coco bran with a thickness of 1-3cm.
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| CN201610324454.3A CN105900663B (en) | 2016-05-17 | 2016-05-17 | A kind of greening method of south China beach saline land |
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| CN201610324454.3A CN105900663B (en) | 2016-05-17 | 2016-05-17 | A kind of greening method of south China beach saline land |
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| CN107509405B (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2020-03-13 | 中国科学院华南植物园 | Method for building near-natural vegetation on tropical coral island |
| CN109168860A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2019-01-11 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of implantation methods of northern Suzhou Huanghai Sea salt-soda soil tree |
| CN114946303A (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2022-08-30 | 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 | Ecological barrier for blocking salt fog in sea island |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU843866A1 (en) * | 1979-07-09 | 1981-07-07 | Ленинградский Ордена Трудового Красногознамени Сельскохозяйственный Институт | Method of soil desalinization and desolonetzization |
| CN102172157A (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2011-09-07 | 中国科学院华南植物园 | Method for ecologically greening coastal saline and alkaline land |
-
2016
- 2016-05-17 CN CN201610324454.3A patent/CN105900663B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU843866A1 (en) * | 1979-07-09 | 1981-07-07 | Ленинградский Ордена Трудового Красногознамени Сельскохозяйственный Институт | Method of soil desalinization and desolonetzization |
| CN102172157A (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2011-09-07 | 中国科学院华南植物园 | Method for ecologically greening coastal saline and alkaline land |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 半红树植物水黄皮(Pongamia pinnata)的生态及经济效益浅析;钟玥茜;《生态科学》;20130331;第32卷(第2期);第246-252页 |
| 广州南沙区耐盐碱绿化植物筛选及应用;何志芳 等;《中国城市林业》;20111031;第9卷(第5期);第5-8页 |
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