CN105900663A - Method for greening coast saline and alkaline land in South China - Google Patents
Method for greening coast saline and alkaline land in South China Download PDFInfo
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- CN105900663A CN105900663A CN201610324454.3A CN201610324454A CN105900663A CN 105900663 A CN105900663 A CN 105900663A CN 201610324454 A CN201610324454 A CN 201610324454A CN 105900663 A CN105900663 A CN 105900663A
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- Prior art keywords
- saline land
- plant hole
- sporoboli purpureasuffusi
- herba sporoboli
- seedling
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for greening coast saline and alkaline land in South China. According to the method, combining planting is carried out according to the biological characteristics of pongamia pinnata and sporobolus virginicus to form stable phytocoenosium free of plant diseases and insect pests. Pongamia pinnata seedlings of 1.5 to 2 years old are screened out, sporobolus virginicus seeds are soaked with 0.1% KNO3 for 24 hours for bud forcing treatment, and the seedlings are placed in matrix soil for remarkably promoting growth of the two kinds of plants to be cultivated. Then, planting holes are dug, pongamia pinnata matrix bag seedlings are planted, matrix soil mixed with the sporobolus virginicus seeds is spread, and watering and maintenance are carried out. The sporobolus virginicus seeds sprout and root within 2 weeks after planting, and the germination rate is 90% or above. After one month, the pongamia pinnata can be planted, the leaves of the sporobolus virginicus are bright green, growth starts to spread, a very good greening effect is achieved one year later, and management is extensive.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to beach saline land ecological recovery field, be specifically related to a kind of green at South China's beach saline land
Change method.
Background technology
South China includes Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and the South China Sea Islands, and coastline is very long, littoral area's phreatic table
Shallow, salinity is high, the earth's surface easily accumulation of salt in the surface soil, ecosystem is fragile.The oceanfronts such as port and pier, holiday village construction are constantly opened
Send out, usually face check winds and fix drifting sand, the work of revegetation.But the salinization of soil, vegetation coverage are low becomes littoral environment construction
Bottleneck.Research shows, biological control measure is the optimal path developing salt-soda soil.But, strand, current south China bank is planted
Shelter-forest mostly be the plant such as Casuarina equisetifolia L., acacia confusa, kind is single, and pest and disease damage is serious, and degenerate problem highlights.The most scientifically
Exploitation strand green plants resource, builds reasonable phytobiocoenose, explores greening technique, is to solve a seashore greening difficult problem, it is achieved scape
See the key promoted.
Local plant resources strong adaptability, obtain region feature easy, unique, cause the extensive concern of people, utilize township
Soil landscape tree seeds seashore has become trend.The 2 kinds of indigenous plants recommended are Indian beech (Pongamia pinnata) and salt
Ground Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi (Sporobolus virginicus).Indian beech, or half deciduous tree, high 8 ~ 15m evergreen for pulse family, pinniform is multiple
Leaf is long 20-25 centimetre；Raceme axil is raw, and corolla is white or pink；Pod, seed kidney shape；The month at florescence 5-6, really phase 8-10
Month；Natural disposition is strong, and rudiment power is strong, salt tolerance, anti-high wind, cold-resistant drought-enduring, shade tolerance is the best.Saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi, perennial herb,
Stalk is thin, and matter is harder, high 15-60 centimetre；Panicle tightens spike；The flowering fruit bearing stage 6-9 month；Rhizome is wooden and the most flourishing, in sea
The various environment of bank can grow, spread rapidly.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the greening method of a kind of south China beach saline land, utilize Indian beech and saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi
Salt And Alkali Tolerance, growth rapidly, the breeding feature such as easily, in conjunction with plant culture reproduction technique, rebuild south China beach saline land vegetation,
Forming stable structure of community, extensive management, pest and disease damage is few, the purpose that reaching improves the soil fixes the sand, and obtains greening effect attractive in appearance simultaneously
Really.The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The greening method of a kind of south China beach saline land, it is by Indian beech seedling and saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi seed, and mixed planting is at salt
Alkali on the ground, comprises the steps:
One), transplanting Indian beech seedling: load onto matrix soil in planting bag, being transplanted by Indian beech seedling becomes to planting bag
Rheum alexandrae Batal. sack made by leather Seedling；
Two), saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi seed is cultivated: dry after the seed disinfection of saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi being rinsed, then by saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi kind
Son KNO3Soak, then it is mixed with matrix soil；
Three) the kind plant hole of Indian beech seedling, saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi, is dug: on supratidal zone soil, strand, excavate the plantation of Indian beech seedling
Cave；Then the supratidal zone soil beyond Indian beech seedling kind plant hole excavates saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi kind plant hole；
Four), plantation Indian beech seedling: after soaked for Rheum alexandrae Batal. sack made by leather Seedling, put in Indian beech seedling kind plant hole, cut bag, backfill base
Matter soil or sand, water permeable；
Five), saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi is sowed: fill out in saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi kind plant hole and put the matrix soil being mixed with saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi seed,
Cover coconut palm bran again, then water to saturated.
In the improvement project of the greening method to above-mentioned south China beach saline land, in described step one, in two, described
Matrix soil includes loess, thin river sand and farm manure, based on mass fraction 100%, including loess 50-60%, thin river sand 30-40%,
Farm manure 5-10%.
In the improvement project of the greening method to above-mentioned south China beach saline land, in described step 2, described saline land
Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi seed mixes with matrix soil 1:75-150 in mass ratio.
In the improvement project of the greening method to above-mentioned south China beach saline land, in described step 2, described saline land
Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi seed is at KNO3In soak time be 18 to 30 hours；Described KNO3Concentration be 0. 1-0.2%.
In the improvement project of the greening method to above-mentioned south China beach saline land, in described step 3, described Rheum alexandrae Batal.
Specification 40-50cm*40-50cm*40-50cm of skin seedling kind plant hole, the spacing of adjacent Indian beech seedling kind plant hole is 0.8-
1.5m；Specification 8-12cm*8-12cm*8-12cm of described saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi kind plant hole, the spacing of adjacent Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi kind plant hole is
0.5-1m；Spacing between adjacent wampee seed plant hole and saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi kind plant hole is 0.5-1m.
In the improvement project of the greening method to above-mentioned south China beach saline land, in described step 5, described coconut palm bran
Thickness be 1-3cm.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: the present invention utilizes Indian beech, saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi to plant as native soil
Thing, first grows a period of time to avoid in the seedling regular period salinity sensitive period in the matrix soil in kind of plant hole；And
Indian beech seedling has grown basis, it is provided that after microenvironment is as transition, can be with spontaneous Adaptable growth, it is achieved from artificial environment to
The transition of natural environment, is greatly improved survival rate, thus realizes the greening at beach, and therefore Indian beech, saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi are native soil
Plant, for saline land greening ecoscape excellent, forms healthy and stable phytobiocoenose；The present invention is easy to learn, labor
Fatigue resistance is low, additionally, the procurement cost of indigenous plant is low, growth is fast, does not has the danger of biotic intrusion, and therefore the present invention is in south China
Area beach saline land has extraordinary application prospect.
The invention will be further described below:
[detailed description of the invention]
Below in conjunction with embodiment, technical scheme is further elaborated.
At Zhuhai coastal saline-alkali on the ground, the saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi seed of maturation of gathering, air-dry and preserve.At the beginning of 3 months next years, salt suslik
Tail foxtail millet (Sporobolus virginicus (Linnaeus) Kunth) seed soaks seed with 0.5% potassium permanganate solution and disappears
Poison 15 minutes, clear water is rinsed well, dries.Prepare enough matrix soils, based on mass fraction 100%, include loess 60%, thin
River sand 30%, farm manure 10%.Then the seed of saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi is soaked 24 hours with 0. 1% KNO3, with matrix soil by matter
Measure and mix than 1:100.Select the Indian beech (Pongamia pinnata (Linnaeus) Merrill) of 1.5 years in nursery raw
Seedling 100 strain (average height of seedling 0.8m, fifty-fifty footpath 1.2cm), transplants respectively to planting bag (specification 40cm*40cm*40cm).
At Nansha District, Guangzhou beach saline land, the kind plant hole (i.e. Indian beech seedling kind plant hole) that supratidal zone excavation in strand is big
4 row, macrospecies plant hole specification (long X width X is high) is 45cm*45cm*45cm, spacing 1m*1m.Then on its outer tide of macrospecies plant hole
Band soil excavation microspecies plant hole (the most saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi kind plant hole), microspecies plant hole 10cm*10cm*10cm, spacing 1m*1m；And make
Spacing between adjacent wampee seed plant hole and saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi kind plant hole is 0.8m.By Rheum alexandrae Batal. sack made by leather transplantation of seedlings in big plantation
In cave, cut material planting bag, backfill part soil；The matrix soil being mixed with saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi seed is put in microspecies plant hole, on
Layer adds 1cm coconut palm bran and covers.After having planted, watering to saturated, conventional garden management also keeps liquid manure supply.
Saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi seed germination after two weeks, microspecies plant hole more than 85% has rudiment the most aobvious peak green, saline land rat-tail
Foxtail millet seed germination rate more than 90%.Indian beech field planting normal growth after one month, saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi leaf color is bud green, and growth starts climing
Prolong.Through growing the busy season 4-6 month, saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi lawn basically forms, and obtains extraordinary afforestation effect, without disease pest after 1 year
Evil.Second Year Indian beech well-grown after field planting, plant height more than 1.5m, is preced with width 0.8m*1m, spring and summer green coverage 120m2.With
Saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi growth and spread, Indian beech grows, and beach saline land is gradually afforested, and extensive management, without pest and disease damage, reaches
Extraordinary effect.
Preferably, Indian beech selects the seedling of life in 1.5 to 2 years, the now the highest 0.8-1.0m of Seedling, fifty-fifty footpath in nursery
1.0-1.5cm, it be observed that the time, and the Indian beech delivery of life in 1.5 to 2 years is easy, wind resistance salt tolerant, it is not necessary to add a cover shade net, the most
Suitable transplanting is planted to coastal region.
After excavation macrospecies plant hole, microspecies plant hole is distributed near it.Specification and the spacing of large and small kind of plant hole are the most front stated
Bright, but its arrangement mode can be arranged flexibly according to aesthetic.
The present invention utilizes Indian beech and saline land two kinds of indigenous plants of Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi, be respectively provided with attractive in appearance, growth rapidly, salt tolerant solid
The biological characteristics husky, growth adaptation ability is strong, combination plantation can form stable community and pest and disease damage is few, is more preferably planted
Training substrate, the greening method of integrated a kind of south China beach saline land.
Test shows, the formula of matrix soil includes loess, thin river sand and farm manure, includes Huang based on mass fraction 100%
Soil 50-60%, thin river sand 30-40%, farm manure 5-10%, be the cultivation of Indian beech and the saline land low cost of Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi, best results
Substrate.Yellow soil is wide in southern area distribution, and water retention property is good, in acidity；Because breathability is poor, so adding appropriate thin river
Husky so that it is loose ventilative.
Through Experimental Research, with 0. 1% KNO3Soak the seed processing saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi for 24 hours, promote its germination
Effect best, be better than gibberellins seed soaking.
Excavation microspecies plant hole sows saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi, is better than routine and broadcasts sowing, prevents Caulis Piperis Kadsurae from brushing and rain drop erosion, Radix Saposhnikoviae,
Fix and protection plant.After planting add 1 coconut palm bran as surface covering on microspecies plant hole upper strata, it is to avoid salt fog is to seed
Injury.
Claims (6)
1. the greening method of a south China beach saline land, it is characterised in that by Indian beech seedling and saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi seed, mixed
Conjunction is planted on salt-soda soil, comprises the steps:
One), transplanting Indian beech seedling: load onto matrix soil in planting bag, being transplanted by Indian beech seedling becomes to planting bag
Rheum alexandrae Batal. sack made by leather Seedling；
Two), saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi seed is cultivated: dry after the seed disinfection of saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi being rinsed, then by saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi kind
Son KNO3Soak, then it is mixed with matrix soil；
Three) the kind plant hole of Indian beech seedling, saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi, is dug: on supratidal zone soil, strand, excavate the plantation of Indian beech seedling
Cave；Then the supratidal zone soil beyond Indian beech seedling kind plant hole excavates saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi kind plant hole；
Four), plantation Indian beech seedling: after soaked for Rheum alexandrae Batal. sack made by leather Seedling, put in Indian beech seedling kind plant hole, cut bag, backfill base
Matter soil or sand, water permeable；
Five), saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi is sowed: fill out in saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi kind plant hole and put the matrix soil being mixed with saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi seed,
Cover coconut palm bran again, then water to saturated.
The greening method of south China the most according to claim 1 beach saline land, it is characterised in that described step one, two
In, described matrix soil includes loess, thin river sand and farm manure, based on mass fraction 100%, including loess 50-60%, thin river
Husky 30-40%, farm manure 5-10%.
The greening method of south China the most according to claim 1 and 2 beach saline land, it is characterised in that in described step 2
In, described saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi seed mixes with matrix soil 1:75-150 in mass ratio.
The greening method of south China the most according to claim 3 beach saline land, it is characterised in that in described step 2,
Described saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi seed is at KNO3In soak time be 18 to 30 hours；Described KNO3Concentration be 0. 1-0.2%.
The greening method of south China the most according to claim 1 beach saline land, it is characterised in that in described step 3,
Specification 40-50cm*40-50cm*40-50cm of described Indian beech seedling kind plant hole, the spacing of adjacent Indian beech seedling kind plant hole
For 0.8-1.5m；Specification 8-12cm*8-12cm*8-12cm of described saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi kind plant hole, adjacent Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi kind plant hole
Spacing is 0.5-1m；Spacing between adjacent wampee seed plant hole and saline land Herba sporoboli purpureasuffusi kind plant hole is 0.5-1m.
The greening method of south China the most according to claim 1 beach saline land, it is characterised in that in described step 5,
The thickness of described coconut palm bran is 1-3cm.
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| CN201610324454.3A CN105900663B (en) | 2016-05-17 | 2016-05-17 | A kind of greening method of south China beach saline land |
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| CN201610324454.3A CN105900663B (en) | 2016-05-17 | 2016-05-17 | A kind of greening method of south China beach saline land |
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| CN105900663B CN105900663B (en) | 2019-01-04 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107509405A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-12-26 | 中国科学院华南植物园 | A kind of method in tropical forest insect islands and reefs construction near-nature forest vegetation |
| CN109168860A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2019-01-11 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of implantation methods of northern Suzhou Huanghai Sea salt-soda soil tree |
| CN114946303A (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2022-08-30 | 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 | Ecological barrier for blocking salt fog in sea island |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| SU843866A1 (en) * | 1979-07-09 | 1981-07-07 | Ленинградский Ордена Трудового Красногознамени Сельскохозяйственный Институт | Method of soil desalinization and desolonetzization |
| CN102172157A (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2011-09-07 | 中国科学院华南植物园 | Method for ecologically greening coastal saline and alkaline land |
-
2016
- 2016-05-17 CN CN201610324454.3A patent/CN105900663B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU843866A1 (en) * | 1979-07-09 | 1981-07-07 | Ленинградский Ордена Трудового Красногознамени Сельскохозяйственный Институт | Method of soil desalinization and desolonetzization |
| CN102172157A (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2011-09-07 | 中国科学院华南植物园 | Method for ecologically greening coastal saline and alkaline land |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 何志芳 等: "广州南沙区耐盐碱绿化植物筛选及应用", 《中国城市林业》 * |
| 王文卿 等著: "《南方滨海耐盐植物资源（一）》", 30 September 2013, 厦门大学出版社 * |
| 钟玥茜: "半红树植物水黄皮(Pongamia pinnata)的生态及经济效益浅析", 《生态科学》 * |
| 陈火英 等主编: "《种子种苗学》", 31 July 2011, 上海交通大学出版社 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107509405A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-12-26 | 中国科学院华南植物园 | A kind of method in tropical forest insect islands and reefs construction near-nature forest vegetation |
| CN109168860A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2019-01-11 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of implantation methods of northern Suzhou Huanghai Sea salt-soda soil tree |
| CN114946303A (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2022-08-30 | 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 | Ecological barrier for blocking salt fog in sea island |
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Address after: Room 305, No. 136, Zhengkai Avenue, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province Patentee after: PALM ECO-TOWN DEVELOPMENT Co.,Ltd. Address before: 528400 Xiang Ming building, No. 120 Xinhua Road, Xiaolan Town, Guangdong, Zhongshan province 11C Patentee before: PALM ECO-TOWN DEVELOPMENT Co.,Ltd. |