CN111903487A - Efficient transplanting method for bougainvillea spectabilis tissue culture seedlings and preparation method of matrix and nutrient solution - Google Patents
Efficient transplanting method for bougainvillea spectabilis tissue culture seedlings and preparation method of matrix and nutrient solution Download PDFInfo
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- CN111903487A CN111903487A CN201910687607.4A CN201910687607A CN111903487A CN 111903487 A CN111903487 A CN 111903487A CN 201910687607 A CN201910687607 A CN 201910687607A CN 111903487 A CN111903487 A CN 111903487A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for efficiently transferring tissue culture seedlings of bougainvillea spectabilis, which comprises the steps of seedling exercising, seedbed preparation, seedling washing, field planting, root fixing, film covering and film lifting; a method for preparing a bougainvillea spectabilis efficient transfer matrix comprises the steps of raw material preparation, raw material crushing and raw material composting; a preparation method of a bougainvillea spectabilis high-efficiency transfer nutrient solution comprises preparing raw materials, and adding corresponding water to form a water solution by dissolution. The method has simple steps and reasonable preparation of the matrix and the nutrient solution, and can greatly improve the transplanting survival rate of the bougainvillea spectabilis tissue culture seedlings to 85 percent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tissue culture seedling transplanting, and particularly belongs to a method for efficiently transplanting bougainvillea spectabilis tissue culture seedlings and a transplanting substrate and nutrient solution preparation method thereof.
Background
Bougainvillea spectabilis is a plant of the genus phyllanthus of the family Mirabilis, is native to Brazil, is a famous flowering plant in China, and can blossom with continuous colors in tropical and subtropical areas throughout the year. The flower is very popular with people due to the characteristics of gorgeous colors, multiple varieties, long flower period and the like. With the increasing requirements of urban construction, environmental greening and environmental beautification, bougainvillea spectabilis is one of the most widely used and satisfactory flowering plants, and the market demand is gradually expanded. Bougainvillea speetabilis mainly depends on asexual propagation to produce seedlings, wherein cutting is used as a main mode, and a large amount of semi-lignified branches are needed. The rapid tissue culture of bougainvillea spectabilis has great technical difficulties including underdeveloped and fragile root systems of tissue culture seedlings, easy breakage of the root systems in the transplanting process and extremely low transplanting survival rate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-efficiency transplanting method of bougainvillea spectabilis tissue culture seedlings and a transplanting substrate and nutrient solution configuration method thereof, and aims to solve the technical problems of extremely low survival rate of bougainvillea spectabilis caused by excessive complexity, unreasonable configuration of transplanting substrates and poor nutrient solution configuration effect in the conventional bougainvillea spectabilis planting and transplanting technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme is as follows:
a method for efficiently transferring tissue culture seedlings of bougainvillea spectabilis is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: after 15-30 seedlings are trained, transplanting and planting: transplanting bougainvillea spectabilis tissue culture seedlings to a shade greenhouse;
step two: preparing a seedbed: 1) the method comprises the following steps of (1) paving a black sunshade net with shading degree of 70-85% on the top surface by taking a steel pipe, a bamboo or a cement column as a framework, and building a high flat top or arch simple sunshade Roc; 2) transplanting seedlings: the ridge is 10-15 cm high and 120-150 cm wide, and a mulching film is covered on the ridge surface;
step three: washing seedlings: gently taking out the triangular seedling tissue culture seedlings hardened in the first step, slowly washing the culture medium at the root by using tap water, and soaking in water after cleaning for later use;
step four: planting: digging a small hole with the diameter of 1.5cm and the depth of 3cm in the middle of a hole tray filled with the matrix, and then planting and fixing the cleaned tissue culture seedlings in the holes to ensure that the plants are straightened; root fixing and daily management: and (3) fixing the roots of the planted and fixed plants by adopting the improved amino acid nutrient solution, and ensuring that the matrix is thoroughly irrigated.
Step five: covering a film: and (3) placing the seedling culture tray filled with the seedlings which are planted in the fixed planting mode on the seedbed in order, erecting a small arched shed with the height of about 50cm on the seedbed, covering a transparent plastic film, and sealing to keep high humidity in the arched shed.
Step six: lifting the film: after 45 days, the film is lifted and the survival rate is checked.
Preferably, the sunshade greenhouse comprises a framework and a sunshade net, wherein the top surface of the framework is paved with a black sunshade net with 70-85% of sunshade degree.
Preferably, after the fifth step, daily management is required: the modified amino acid nutrient solution is completely poured by lifting the membrane every 7 days.
Preferably, the moisture preservation shed used in the fifth step comprises a plastic support frame and a transparent film, wherein the plastic support frame is arranged into a shed frame, and the transparent film covers the shed frame.
Preferably, the plastic support frames are 50cm long and 35cm wide, each transfer plate is covered with a support frame, and 5 plastic support frames form a group to form a shed frame; the transparent film is 200cm long and 120cm wide and covers the shed frame.
Preferably, the air humidity in the moisture-keeping shed is kept above 90%.
A method for configuring a transfer substrate, which is used for efficiently transferring the bougainvillea spectabilis tissue culture seedlings according to claims 1 to 6, and comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: preparing raw materials: the coconut husk oil tea meal comprises coconut husk, perlite and oil tea meal, wherein the ratio of the coconut husk to the oil tea meal is 8: 1: 1;
step two: crushing the raw materials; crushing the oil tea meal;
step three: composting: sampling and uniformly mixing the coconut coir, the perlite and the oil tea meal according to the volume proportion, adding water, wherein the water content of the mixed matrix is about 50%, and holding the mixed matrix by hand to form a dough without water exudation. Covering with black plastic film, fermenting for 15 days, turning over every 5 days, and regulating the water content of the mixed matrix to about 50%.
Step four: and (3) respectively loading the substrates prepared according to the steps from the first step to the third step into a seedling raising plug tray for standby, wherein 50 holes are formed in the seedling raising plug tray.
A preparation method of a nutrient solution, which is used for efficiently transferring bougainvillea spectabilis tissue culture seedlings according to claims 1-6, and comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: preparing raw materials: NH (NH)4H2PO4 307.6g，K2SO4113.64 g, urea 48.9 g and naphthylacetic acid 0.5 g.
Step two: dissolving the naphthylacetic acid prepared in the step one in 10ml of 70% ethanol, then dissolving the NH prepared in the step one in 500ml of tap water4H2PO4、K2SO4And urea are added one by one to be fully dissolved, and finally the volume is determined to 1000 ml.
Has the advantages that: 1) according to the invention, the survival rate of the bougainvillea spectabilis tissue culture seedlings after being transplanted for 45 days is up to 85%, the plant height is up to 16.55 cm, the number of leaves is 19.69, and the number of branches is 1.94. The method has simple operation, high survival rate, and rapid growth.
2) The transfer substrate used in the invention is a light substrate, contains disinfection and sterilization components, is ventilated and breathable, has high survival rate and developed root system, and can grow rapidly.
3) The nutrient solution used in the invention has reasonable nutrient component composition, contains rooting components, promotes the rapid growth of the root system, and has high survival rate of transplanting the tissue culture seedlings.
4) Build the canopy of encircleing, with low costs, simple structure, convenient operation for the canopy of moisturizing that bougainvillea spectabilis tissue culture seedling was transplanted guarantees that the air humidity in the canopy is above 90%, and this canopy of moisturizing can increase substantially bougainvillea spectabilis survival rate.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying examples.
A method for efficiently transferring tissue culture seedlings of bougainvillea spectabilis is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: after 15-30 seedlings are trained, transplanting and planting: transplanting bougainvillea spectabilis tissue culture seedlings to a shade greenhouse;
step two: preparing a seedbed: 1) the method comprises the following steps of (1) paving a black sunshade net with shading degree of 70-85% on the top surface by taking a steel pipe, a bamboo or a cement column as a framework, and building a high flat top or arch simple sunshade Roc; 2) transplanting seedlings: the ridge is 10-15 cm high and 120-150 cm wide, and a mulching film is covered on the ridge surface;
step three: washing seedlings: gently taking out the triangular seedling tissue culture seedlings hardened in the first step, slowly washing the culture medium at the root by using tap water, and soaking in water after cleaning for later use;
step four: planting: digging a small hole with the diameter of 1.5cm and the depth of 3cm in the middle of a hole tray filled with the matrix, and then planting and fixing the cleaned tissue culture seedlings in the holes to ensure that the plants are straightened;
step five: covering a film: and (3) placing the seedling culture tray filled with the seedlings which are planted in the fixed planting mode on the seedbed in order, erecting a small arched shed with the height of about 50cm on the seedbed, covering a transparent plastic film, and sealing to keep high humidity in the arched shed.
Step six: lifting the film: after 45 days, the film is lifted and the survival rate is checked.
Preferably, the sunshade greenhouse comprises a framework and a sunshade net, wherein the top surface of the framework is paved with a black sunshade net with 70-85% of sunshade degree.
Preferably, after the fifth step, daily management is required: the modified amino acid nutrient solution is completely poured by lifting the membrane every 7 days.
Preferably, the moisture preservation shed used in the fifth step comprises a plastic support frame and a transparent film, wherein the plastic support frame is arranged into a shed frame, and the transparent film covers the shed frame.
Preferably, the plastic support frames are 50cm long and 35cm wide, each transfer plate is covered with a support frame, and 5 plastic support frames form a group to form a shed frame; the transparent film is 200cm long and 120cm wide and covers the shed frame.
Preferably, the air humidity in the moisture-keeping shed is kept above 90%.
A method for configuring a transfer substrate, which is used for efficiently transferring the bougainvillea spectabilis tissue culture seedlings according to claims 1 to 6, and comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: preparing raw materials: the coconut husk oil tea meal comprises coconut husk, perlite and oil tea meal, wherein the ratio of the coconut husk to the oil tea meal is 8: 1: 1;
step two: crushing the raw materials; crushing the oil tea meal;
step three: composting: sampling and uniformly mixing the coconut coir, the perlite and the oil tea meal according to the volume proportion, adding water, wherein the water content of the mixed matrix is about 50%, and holding the mixed matrix by hand to form a dough without water exudation. Covering with black plastic film, fermenting for 15 days, turning over every 5 days, and regulating the water content of the mixed matrix to about 50%.
Step four: the matrix prepared according to the steps one to three is loaded into a seedling growth hole tray for standby, the seedling growth hole tray is provided with 50 holes, and the hole tray has the main advantages of: each plant has a relatively independent space, so that the rapid spread of diseases is avoided.
A preparation method of a nutrient solution, which is used for efficiently transferring bougainvillea spectabilis tissue culture seedlings according to claims 1-6, and comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: preparing raw materials: NH (NH)4H2PO4 307.6g，K2SO4113.64 g, urea 48.9 g and naphthylacetic acid 0.5 g.
Step two: dissolving the naphthylacetic acid prepared in the step one in 10ml of 70% ethanol, and then500ml of tap water, NH prepared in the first step4H2PO4、K2SO4And urea are added one by one to be fully dissolved, and finally the volume is determined to 1000 ml.
It should be noted that the specific embodiments are only some embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obtain other embodiments without creative efforts, and all embodiments are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for efficiently transferring tissue culture seedlings of bougainvillea spectabilis is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: after 15-30 seedlings are trained, transplanting and planting: transplanting bougainvillea spectabilis tissue culture seedlings to a shade greenhouse;
step two: preparing a seedbed: 1) the method comprises the following steps of (1) paving a black sunshade net with shading degree of 70-85% on the top surface by taking a steel pipe, a bamboo or a cement column as a framework, and building a high flat top or arch simple sunshade Roc; 2) transplanting seedlings: the ridge is 10-15 cm high and 120-150 cm wide, and a mulching film is covered on the ridge surface;
step three: washing seedlings: gently taking out the triangular seedling tissue culture seedlings hardened in the first step, slowly washing the culture medium at the root by using tap water, and soaking in water after cleaning for later use;
step four: planting: digging a small hole with the diameter of 1.5cm and the depth of 3cm in the middle of a hole tray filled with the matrix, and then planting and fixing the cleaned tissue culture seedlings in the holes to ensure that the plants are straightened;
step five: covering a film: placing the seedling raising tray filled with the seedlings which are planted in the planting way on the seedbed according to the second step in order, erecting a small arched shed with the height of about 50cm on the seedbed, covering a transparent plastic film, and sealing to keep high humidity in the arched shed;
step six: lifting the film: after 45 days, the film is lifted and the survival rate is checked.
2. The efficient transplanting method for bougainvillea spectabilis tissue culture seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the sunshade greenhouse comprises a framework and a sunshade net, and a black sunshade net with 70-85% of sunshade degree is paved on the top surface of the framework.
3. The efficient transplanting method for bougainvillea spectabilis tissue culture seedlings according to claim 1, wherein after the fifth step, daily management is required: the modified amino acid nutrient solution is completely poured by lifting the membrane every 7 days.
4. The method for efficiently transferring tissue culture seedlings of bougainvillea spectabilis according to claim 1, wherein the moisture-keeping shed used in the fifth step comprises a plastic support frame and a transparent film, the plastic support frame is arranged as a shed frame, and the transparent film covers the shed frame.
5. The efficient transplanting method for bougainvillea spectabilis tissue culture seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the plastic support frames are 50cm long and 35cm wide, each transplanting tray is covered with a support frame, and a group of 5 plastic support frames form a shed; the transparent film is 200cm long and 120cm wide and covers the shed frame.
6. The method for efficiently transferring tissue culture seedlings of bougainvillea spectabilis according to claim 1, wherein the humidity of the air in the moisturizing shed is maintained at 90% or more.
7. A method for configuring a transfer substrate, which is used for efficiently transferring the bougainvillea spectabilis tissue culture seedlings according to claims 1 to 6, and comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: preparing raw materials: the coconut husk oil tea meal comprises coconut husk, perlite and oil tea meal, wherein the ratio of the coconut husk to the oil tea meal is 8: 1: 1;
step two: crushing the raw materials; crushing the oil tea meal;
step three: composting: sampling and uniformly mixing coconut coir, perlite and oil-tea camellia meal according to a volume ratio, adding water, wherein the water content of a mixed matrix is about 50%, holding the mixed matrix into a mass by hand, and allowing the mixed matrix to seep out without water, covering the mixed matrix with a black plastic film for stack retting fermentation for 15 days, uniformly turning the stack once every 5 days, and adjusting the water content of the mixed matrix to about 50%;
step four: and (3) respectively loading the substrates prepared according to the steps from the first step to the third step into a seedling raising plug tray for standby, wherein 50 holes are formed in the seedling raising plug tray.
8. A preparation method of a nutrient solution, which is used for efficiently transferring bougainvillea spectabilis tissue culture seedlings according to claims 1-6, and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing raw materials: NH (NH)4H2PO4 307.6g，K2SO4113.64 g, urea 48.9 g, naphthylacetic acid 0.5 g;
step two: dissolving the naphthylacetic acid prepared in the step one in 10ml of 70% ethanol, then dissolving the NH prepared in the step one in 500ml of tap water4H2PO4、K2SO4And urea are added one by one to be fully dissolved, and finally the volume is determined to 1000 ml.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113402338A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-09-17 | 海南大学 | Complex microbial inoculant and flower nutrient solution prepared from complex microbial inoculant |
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