CN109042217A - A kind of Moringa tissue-cultured seedling rapidly and efficiently method for transplanting - Google Patents
A kind of Moringa tissue-cultured seedling rapidly and efficiently method for transplanting Download PDFInfo
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- CN109042217A CN109042217A CN201811094823.XA CN201811094823A CN109042217A CN 109042217 A CN109042217 A CN 109042217A CN 201811094823 A CN201811094823 A CN 201811094823A CN 109042217 A CN109042217 A CN 109042217A
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/04—Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种辣木组培苗快速高效移栽方法，包括以下步骤：（a）炼苗：先将生根已达到移栽标准的辣木无菌苗瓶盖旋开松动1‑2天；然后用瓶盖遮掩瓶口，留出一个小缝隙，继续炼苗2‑3天；（b）洗根：加入超过培养基1‑2cm的清水浸泡培养基10分钟，再将根部的培养基清洗干净；（c）移栽基质的筛选：用预处理后的纯蛭石作为移栽基质；（d）移栽：用牙签辅助移栽；（e）移栽后精细化管理。本发明的移栽方法使辣木组培苗的移栽成活率达到86%以上。该方法操作简单，比较其他移栽技术辣木组培苗生长更加快速，成本更加低廉。The invention relates to a method for fast and efficient transplanting of Moringa oleifera tissue-cultured seedlings, comprising the following steps: (a) Seedling hardening: first unscrew and loosen the bottle caps of Moringa oleifera sterile seedlings whose roots have reached the transplanting standard for 1-2 days; Then cover the mouth of the bottle with a bottle cap, leave a small gap, and continue to harden the seedlings for 2-3 days; (b) Wash the roots: add water 1-2cm above the medium to soak the medium for 10 minutes, and then wash the root medium clean; (c) screening of transplanting substrate: use pretreated pure vermiculite as transplanting substrate; (d) transplanting: use toothpicks to assist transplanting; (e) fine management after transplanting. The transplanting method of the present invention makes the transplanting survival rate of the Moringa oleifera tissue culture seedlings reach more than 86%. The method is simple to operate, and compared with other transplanting techniques, the tissue-cultured seedlings of Moringa oleifera grow faster and have lower cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to gardening plant cultivation field, in particular to the quick efficient method for transplanting of a kind of Moringa tissue-cultured seedling.
Background technique
Moringa is most nutritious tree in the world, it includes about 20 kinds of amino acid, 46 kinds of antioxidants, anti-inflammatory compound,
Rich in trace elements K abundant, manganese, chromium and arginine, lysine, leucine, phenylalanine etc., vitamin A is provided, is tieed up
Raw element B, B1, B2, B3, B6, vitamin C (ascorbic acid), vitamin E and macroscopical minerals, microelement provide high-quality protein
Matter and dietary fiber.Calcareous contained by leaf of Moringa is 4 times of milk, and protein is 2 times of milk, and potassium is 3 times of banana, and iron is
3 times of spinach, vitamin C are 7 times of citrus, and vitamin A (bata-carotene) is 4 times of carrot, and vitamin E is spiral respectively
70 times and 40 times of algae and soybean powder.Moringa has the title of " miracle tree ", " mother's ace buddy " and " medical treasure case ".Non-
Continent is referred to as the milk of the poor；It is the food materials medicinal material of people's longevity in India, Moringa tree is all treasured from head to foot, has there is more than one thousand years
Edible history, be one of the tree species of the more ancient dietotherapeutic of the mankind.
Existing Moringa breeding mostly uses sowing and tissue culture.Moringa tissue culture technology can greatly shorten seedling raise period, break
Spatio-temporal limitation keeps seedling growing way close, and the cultivation management after being easy to transplant meets the requirement of large area production.And this hair
Bright improvement and the specific matrix of selection by Moringa tissue-cultured seedling transplantation technique is transplanted, and surviving for transplanting is substantially increased
Rate.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of Moringa tissue-cultured seedling quickly efficient transplanting side
Method.Method for transplanting of the invention is compared than other method for transplanting, and the high survival rate of transplanted seedling, the speed of growth is fast, and cost is more
It is cheap.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The quick efficient method for transplanting of Moringa tissue-cultured seedling, comprising the following steps:
(a) hardening: the Moringa aseptic seedling bottle cap unscrewing for having reached transplanting standard that will first take root loosens 1-2 days；Then it is hidden with bottle cap
Cover bottleneck, reserve a small gap (be sure not opening it is too big, Moringa aseptic seedling children is tender, and water requirement is big, and humidity is once too low in bottle,
Wilting is easily caused, be open excessive also easy quickening microbiological contamination), continue hardening 2-3 days；
(b) wash root: the clear water for being added beyond culture medium 1-2cm impregnates culture medium 10 minutes, then the culture medium of root is cleaned and is done
Only；；
(c) transplanting medium uses pretreated pure vermiculite, K, Mg, Ca, Fe and micro Mn, Cu, Zn that vermiculite contains etc.
Element and fertilizer conservation, water conservation, ventilative feature, it is big to can satisfy Moringa aseptic seedling water requirement, and the feature that root absorbability is weak, has
Conducive to raising survival rate；The pretreatment are as follows: pure vermiculite is passed through into high-temperature sterilization, 1000 times of carbendazim solution stirrings are added,
Humid control is 75%；
(d) transplant: process is simple, does not dig planting pit, and assists being colonized with toothpick；Reduce transplanting process pair to the greatest extent
The injury of root system, while improving transplanting efficiency；
(e) carry out fine-grained management to the Moringa seedling after transplanting: first overlay film one week after transplanting, temperature control is 25-30 DEG C, is kept
80% or more air humidity；If being first placed in culturing room one week after summer transplanting, its root system is made sufficiently to adapt to new cultivation base
Then matter then moves to outdoor appropriate shading；Winter transplanting answers whole process to carry out in culturing room or temperature control green house with frost damage prevention to peppery
Wood growth impacts.
Preferably, transplanting medium vermiculite can both be provided to crop K, Mg, Ca, Fe itself contained and micro Mn,
The elements such as Cu, Zn, while its water imbibition, cationic exchangeability and properties of chemical composition, also play fertilizer conservation, water conservation, water storage,
The multiple actions such as ventilative and mineral fertilizer.
Step (d) specifically: be first put into the matrix of one third in cultivating container, then be inserted into toothpick by the spacing of 3*3cm；
Moringa tissue-cultured seedling is gently leaned against on toothpick, and remaining matrix is added, finally touches cultivating container, makes matrix consolidation, and take out tooth
Label.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The present invention uses pure vermiculite for transplanting medium by improving to hardening, cleaning, method for transplanting etc., can
Moringa tissue-cultured seedling transplanting survival rate is effectively ensured, method for transplanting of the invention makes the transplanting survival rate of Moringa tissue-cultured seedling reach 86%
More than；The method for transplanting is easy to operate, and compared with existing method for transplanting, high survival rate, transplanted seedling fast growing is at low cost
It is honest and clean.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that four kinds of matrix transplant effect contrast figure；
Fig. 2 is the nursery stock that left side is traditional technology transplant survival of transplanting seedlings, and right side is the nursery stock for improving technology transplant survival of transplanting seedlings.
Specific embodiment
Further to disclose rather than the present invention is limited, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with example.
A kind of quick efficient method for transplanting of Moringa tissue-cultured seedling, specific steps are as follows:
(1) hardening
The Moringa aseptic seedling bottle cap unscrewing for having reached transplanting standard that will take root loosens 1-2 days；Bottle cap covers bottleneck after 1-2 days, stays
A small gap (is sure not to be open too big, Moringa aseptic seedling children is tender, and water requirement is big, and humidity is once too low in bottle, it is easy to cause out
Wilt, be open excessive also easy quickening microbiological contamination), continue hardening 2-3 days；
(2) root is washed
Moringa root system is tender and crisp, and cleaning culture medium process easily breaks root system, with common hairbrush is easy to that root system is made to be damaged,
Manually cleaning is difficult to clean up again, and efficiency is very low；Through experiments, it was found that the clear water for being added beyond culture medium 1-2cm impregnates culture
Base 10 minutes, be conducive to the culture medium of cleaning attachment without damaging root system；
(3) transplanting medium
Transplanting medium uses pure vermiculite.Moringa aseptic seedling water requirement is big, and root absorbability is weak, therefore, fabulous using water-retaining property
Vermiculite carry out transplanting be conducive to improve survival rate.Vermiculite can also provide K, Mg, Ca, Fe itself contained and micro to crop
The elements such as Mn, Cu, Zn.The water imbibition of vermiculite, cationic exchangeability and properties of chemical composition, make it play fertilizer conservation, water conservation, storage
The multiple actions such as water, ventilative and mineral fertilizer, while vermiculite can effectively promote the growth of root system of plant and the stabilization of seedling
Development.
In order to screen optimum substrate, four kinds of transplanting mediums of initial design of the present invention, are vermiculite, perlite, peat respectively
Soil+perlite (volume ratio 3:1), coco bran+perlite (volume ratio 3:1).By high-temperature sterilization, 1000 times of carbendazim solutions are added
Stirring, humid control is 75%.By analyzing the survival rate after transplanting one month, height of seedling, show that pure vermiculite is Moringa group
Train the most suitable transplanting medium of seedling；
(4) it transplants
The present invention improves existing method for transplanting, is first put into the matrix of one third in cultivating container, then press 3*3cm
Spacing be inserted into toothpick；Moringa tissue-cultured seedling is gently leaned against on toothpick, and remaining matrix is added, cultivating container is finally touched, makes base
Matter consolidation, and take out toothpick；
(5) it is managed after planting
It needs one week temperature of overlay film to control 25-30 DEG C after transplanting, keeps 80% or more air humidity.Culturing room is first placed in after transplanting
One week, so that its root system is sufficiently adapted to new cultivation matrix, then then move to outdoor.Moringa is pyrophilous, but Moringa seedling is feared by force again
Light direct beam, so should suitably be shaded.Winter transplanting answers whole process to carry out in culturing room or temperature control green house with frost damage prevention to peppery
Wood growth impacts.
Influence of 4 kinds of transplanting mediums to survival rate is compared using improved transplantation technique in June.30 plants are transplanted respectively
Tissue-cultured seedling 1 month laggard line number is according to statistics.The survival rate of four kinds of transplanting mediums, total height of seedling, average height of seedling data are as shown in table 1:
Table 1
Embodiment 2
A kind of quick efficient method for transplanting of Moringa tissue-cultured seedling, specific steps are as follows:
(a) hardening: in June, being carried out in three steps hardening treatment, first by the Moringa aseptic seedling bottle cap for having reached transplanting standard of taking root
Unscrewing loosens 1 day；Then bottleneck is covered with bottle cap, reserves a small gap, continued hardening 2 days；Bottle cap is fully opened again, is added
More than the clear water of culture medium 2cm, continue hardening 2 hours；
(b) it washes root: root is washed as cleaning means using chalina；
(c) screening of transplanting medium: use pretreated pure vermiculite as transplanting medium；
(d) it transplants: being first put into the matrix of one third in cultivating container, then be inserted into toothpick by the spacing of 3*3cm；By Moringa tissue culture
Seedling gently leans against on toothpick, and remaining matrix is added, and finally touches cultivating container, makes matrix consolidation, and take out toothpick；
(e) fine-grained management after transplanting.
In June.Common peat is as the transplanting medium in traditional transplantation technique, comparing embodiment 2 in selection nursery
Improve the influence of transplantation technique and traditional transplantation technique to Moringa tissue-cultured seedling transplanting survival rate.30 plants of Moringa seedlings of transplanting respectively, one
Height of seedling and rooting rate and plant are observed after a month and the growing state of root system is as shown in table 2:
Table 2
It should be noted that being not intended to limit this hair although the various embodiments described above have been described herein
Bright scope of patent protection.Therefore, based on innovative idea of the invention, to the change and modification that embodiment described herein carries out,
Or the equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the present specification, directly or indirectly by above technical scheme
It is used in his relevant technical field, is included within scope of patent protection of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. the quick efficient method for transplanting of Moringa tissue-cultured seedling, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
(a) hardening: the Moringa aseptic seedling bottle cap unscrewing for having reached transplanting standard that will first take root loosens 1-2 days；Then it is hidden with bottle cap
Bottleneck is covered, a small gap is reserved, is continued hardening 2-3 days；
(b) wash root: the clear water for being added beyond culture medium 1-2cm impregnates culture medium 10 minutes, then the culture medium of root is cleaned and is done
Only；
(c) screening of transplanting medium: use pretreated pure vermiculite as transplanting medium；
(d) it transplants: assisting transplanting with toothpick；
(e) fine-grained management after transplanting.
2. the quick efficient method for transplanting of Moringa tissue-cultured seedling according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute in step (c)
The pretreatment stated are as follows: pure vermiculite is passed through into high-temperature sterilization, 1000 times of carbendazim solution stirrings are added, humid control is 75%.
3. the quick efficient method for transplanting of Moringa tissue-cultured seedling according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: moved in step (d)
Cultivation process assists transplanting with toothpick, does not dig planting pit.
4. the quick efficient method for transplanting of Moringa tissue-cultured seedling according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (d) is specific
Are as follows: it first is put into the matrix of one third in cultivating container, then is inserted into toothpick by the spacing of 3*3cm；Moringa tissue-cultured seedling is gently leaned against
On toothpick, and remaining matrix is added, finally touches cultivating container, makes matrix consolidation, and take out toothpick.
5. the quick efficient method for transplanting of Moringa tissue-cultured seedling according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute in step (e)
The fine-grained management stated specifically: first overlay film one week after transplanting, temperature is controlled at 25-30 DEG C, keeps 80% or more air humidity.
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