CN1221556A

CN1221556A - Cuttage for fast breeding flowers and nursery stock

Info

Publication number: CN1221556A
Application number: CN 97108386
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李子南
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1997-12-30
Filing date: 1997-12-30
Publication date: 1999-07-07

Abstract

A cutting method for quick propagation of flower and plant seedlings includes cutting in aged yellow soil from may to September in the condition of shilding sunlight and full-enclosed covering by thin plastic film for natural growing and developing in constant temp and moisture environment. Its advantages are easy operation, simple process, high survival rate and high growing speed.

Description

The cottage method of a kind of fast breeding flowers nursery stock

The present invention relates to a kind of cuttage breeding method of flower plants and nursery stock.

China uses more general a kind of method to be in flowers and ornamental plant cottage propagation at present: adopt common cutting bed, and the brick one-tenth of wall,, must there be many osculums at the bed end.Draining things such as cobble that 20 centimetres of left and right sides, shop, cutting bed bottom are thick or queen closer are the river sand or the sawdust of about 20 centimetres of shop one bed thickness above.Bow-shaped support is made with bamboo chip in the cutting bed top, covered with plastic film insulation again on the support.When needing, shelter from heat or light with straw screen or mat or bamboo curtain splint in the top.The defective of the method for this cottage propagation flowers is: high temperature season, and transplant a cutting and to rot easily, note ventilation, spray water and shelter from heat or light, to reduce a temperature in the bed, when arid, need water spray for several times every day, to increase humidity in the bed, management is difficult, the careful treatment when costing expenses of labour; It is slow to take root, and experiment shows that flowers that have such as cdear, camellia, cypress need 1 year even 2 years; Survival rate is low, only reaches 5～40%.

At the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of simple, saving of labor, material saving, manageability, survival rate height, flower plants and nursery stock cuttage breeding method that growth is fast.

For achieving the above object, technical solution of the present invention is: under full sunshade condition, make cutting medium with strong yellow soil, after high temperature season cuttage in 5～September, use membrane sealed, be allowed to condition at self-sow growth in the environment of constant temperature and humidity.Concrete steps are as follows:

(1) selects the place, build cutting bed.Cutting bed should be chosen in place leeward, shady and cool, Li Shui.1～1.2 meter of cuttage bedside, length is decided as required, and is high 45～50 centimetres, uses brick one-tenth all around.Erect a sunshade with batten again, cover straw screen or mat or other cover from suns on the canopy.

(2) lay cutting bed matrix.At the cobble of cutting bed lower floor shop 15～20 cm thicks, the fresh strong yellow soil of shop, upper strata 20～30 cm thicks with the loess leveling, sprays 0.5% carbendazim solution matrix is sterilized then.

(3) cuttage and film cover sealing.Plugged ear is cut into long about 15 centimetres branch, spigot is imposed uniformity without examining individual cases into the shape of a hoof, do not make any drug treating, after having inserted, spray permeablely again, make bow-shaped support with bamboo chip at the slotting machine top, cover film on the support is pressed in the matrix around the film, forms the totally enclosed type film and covers.

(4) cultivating and managing.Closed film will arrive cuttage rooting and survive Shi Caineng and take off film, generally needs 2～3 months time.In case of there not being carbonated drink on the film, matrix is drying and resembles during this period, and available 0.5% carbendazim solution sprays, make matrix see wet till, to note the epiphragma sealing after the sprinkling.To strengthen rich water quality management after taking off film.

(5) transfer in good time.

The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment.

In early April, 1997, the inventor has selected the hillside fields of leeward, shady and cool a, Li Shui in Anhua one in the campus, will leveling at the bottom of the bed, and four limits are built into long 13.5 meters, wide 1.2 meters, high 0.45 meter cutting bed with cement brick.Erect a high sunshade of 1.75 meters with batten again, spread Bamboo strip plate on the canopy,, spread one deck Chinese fir branches and leaves on the plate again, built up a simple and easy cutting bed that shelters from heat or light than 1.4 meters of bedsides.Then in late April, spread the cobble of 15 cm thicks in cutting bed lower floor, the upper strata is paved with the fresh strong yellow soil of 30 cm thicks, with the loess leveling, sprays 0.5% carbendazim solution matrix is sterilized.In May 2 and September 1, in two batches with cdear, camellia, day fragrant osmanthus, araucaria, cypress, red maple, ball cypress, podocarpus nagi, plum blossom, Milan, with a smile, tens flower varieties such as red trifoliate orange wood have carried out cutting propagation.Earlier plugged ear is cut into the branch of 15 centimeter length, all is with blade, cypress, cdear must be with terminal bud.Spigot is imposed uniformity without examining individual cases into the shape of a hoof, do not make any drug treating.The branch of different cultivars is inserted in the zones of different.After having inserted, spray permeablely again, insert good arc bamboo bar then, cover film with being pressed in the matrix 15 centimetres around the film, forms the totally enclosed type film and covers.Be closed to May 15, finding does not have carbonated drink on the film, and matrix is weak dried shape, so open film, spray with 0.5% carbendazim solution, and increase matrix, plugged ear humidity, and prevent that plugged ear from catching an illness, continue epiphragma then and seal.To August 28, take off film and observe, except that cdear, cypress still were in root point sprouting period, all the other were all taken root, and wherein the osmanthus seedling has grown surplus the root ten of 12 centimeter length, at this moment can take off film, need not seal again.The flower plants and nursery stock that to take root, germinate, give birth to branch is at last transplanted in good time.

The cottage propagation method for culturing seedlings that the totally enclosed type film that the present invention adopts covers has Advantage: (1) has preferably infiltration, water retention property with the strong yellow soil of sand, and contains plant The required multiple element of growing is not with virus, slightly is acid (pH value is 4.5), does with it Cutting bed matrix is conducive to cuttage rooting and germinates. This point mainly is to educate from a parents of student The enlightenment that obtains in the vegetable seedling process, he finds to cover seed with strong yellow soil, and is more fertile than using The effect that soil, burnt dust-ashes cover is far better, does numerous so the inventor has sprouted with strong yellow soil Grow the imagination of flower plants and nursery stock cutting medium. (2) the totally enclosed type film covers, and can not only keep The relative humidity in cutting bed matrix and space can also keep temperature in the shed relatively stable, can protect Hold the relative equilibrium of the interior oxygen of film and carbon dioxide, be conducive to growth, growth and the light of plugged ear Cooperation is used. Take full advantage of the high temperature season that is suitable for the cuttage rooting germination 5～September, at this Formed one in the airtight space and done long root, wet sprouting, heat is taken root, cold sprouting, aerobic The desirable ecological environment that long root, anoxic sprout. These mainly have benefited from an incident Enlightenment, the flue-cured tobacco seedbed that student family has a film to cover is located at all day sun and shines Less than cool place place, sometimes forgotten to take off film fine high noon and ventilated, the cigarette of burning did not always appear The phenomenon of seedling, and brought out strong sprout every year. The inventor arrives breeding with this principle " grafting " Obtained success on the flower plants and nursery stock. Scientifically solved prior art sunshade sand insert take root slow, Survival rate low (general survival rate only 40% among the contrast experiment, cdear, have a smile on one's face etc. less than 5%), the difficult drawback of management. Connect the flower plants and nursery stock that to breed with cottage method, also can use Cottage method has been bred. In order to specify the effect of breeding flowers nursery stock of the present invention, existing choosing Get several data lists of recording in seedbed observation, the management process as follows:

Date	Outdoor temperature	Temperature in the shed changes	Humidity in the film	The plugged ear growing state
Date	Outdoor temperature	Temperature in the shed changes	Humidity in the film	The plugged ear growing state	Noon May 10	22℃	Be higher than temperature	Inner membrance is stained with the globule	Well-grown, Ye Qing
Noon July 28	34℃	Suitable with the outside	Inner membrance is stained with the globule	Red trifoliate orange wood, sweet osmanthus, cuckoo etc. have all given birth to the root of more than 10 15 centimeter length	Noon May 10	22℃	Be higher than temperature	Inner membrance is stained with the globule	Well-grown, Ye Qing
Noon July 28	34℃	Suitable with the outside	Inner membrance is stained with the globule		Noon September 25	28℃	Be lower than temperature	Inner membrance is stained with the globule	Well-grown, branches and leaves green grass or young crops
Noon October 30	24℃	Suitable with the outside	Inner membrance is stained with the globule	Sweet osmanthus blooms, and most of branch is taken root and sprouted	Noon September 25	28℃	Be lower than temperature	Inner membrance is stained with the globule	Well-grown, branches and leaves green grass or young crops
Noon October 30	24℃	Suitable with the outside	Inner membrance is stained with the globule		Noon November 2	24℃	23℃	Inner membrance speckles with carbonated drink	Spring inserts and transplants, and the autumn sowing major part is taken root and sprouted

By observing, six, the extraneous temperature in sky in July is up to 34 ℃, under the condition of entirely sheltering from heat or light, the moon Liang Chu is lower 1～2 ℃ than ambient temperature, and maintains the relative humidity about 75% in the film, Plugged ear not only can not burnt, and just is fit to the temperature and humidity of cuttage rooting, is conducive to insert Fringe is taken root, is come into leaves; Autumn, ambient temperature descended gradually, totally-enclosedly can be incubated again, kept film Interior heat does not loose, and is higher 1～2 ℃ than outside air temperature. Experiment shows the preference temperature of cuttage rooting Be 25～34 ℃, suitable relative humidity is 60～80%. By observing and management, the spring is inserted into Motility rate reaches more than 92%, and transplants November 2, and growth is fast, from May 2 The day cuttage was transplanted only 6 months to November 2; The autumn sowing survival rate reaches more than 98%, All take root, germinate, give birth to branch, also can transplant in good time. (3) full sunshade can avoid strong The sun burns nursery stock need not taken off film and be ventilated, and has reduced operation link. (4) flowers and gardens Plant, market is in great shortage, the economic benefit height, this experiment seedbed is 16.2m only², grow seedlings 7,000 Surplus strain can be made a profit 3.5 ten thousand yuan.

Claims

1, the cottage method of a kind of fast breeding flowers nursery stock under full sunshade condition, is made cutting medium with strong yellow soil, after high temperature season cuttage in 5～September, uses membrane sealed, is allowed to condition at self-sow growth in the environment of constant temperature constant temperature, and concrete steps are as follows:

(1) select the place, build cutting bed: cutting bed should be chosen in place leeward, shady and cool, Li Shui; 1～1.20 meter of cuttage bedside, length is decided as required, and is high 0.45～0.50 meter, uses brick one-tenth all around; Erect a high sunshade of 1.75 meters with batten again, cover straw screen or mat or other cover from suns on the canopy;

(2) lay cutting bed matrix: at the cobble of cutting bed lower floor shop 15～20 cm thicks, the fresh strong yellow soil of shop, upper strata 20～30 cm thicks with the loess leveling, sprays 0.5% carbendazim solution matrix is sterilized then;

(3) cuttage and film cover: plugged ear is cut into branch about 15 centimetres, spigot is imposed uniformity without examining individual cases into the shape of a hoof, do not make any drug treating, after having inserted, spray permeablely again, make bow-shaped support at the slotting machine top with bamboo chip, cover film on the support, be pressed in the matrix around the film, form the totally enclosed type film and cover;

(4) cultivating and managing: closed film will arrive when cuttage rooting survives and just take off film, generally needs 2～3 months.

2, the cottage method of fast breeding flowers nursery stock according to claim 1 during (4) cultivating and managing, does not have carbonated drink if find on the film, matrix is weak dried shape, can take off film, sprays with 0.5% carbendazim solution, make matrix see wet till, continue the epiphragma sealing then.

3, the cottage method of fast breeding flowers nursery stock according to claim 1 and 2 when (3) film covers sealing, with being pressed in the matrix 15 centimetres around the film, forms the totally enclosed type film and covers.

4, the cottage method of fast breeding flowers nursery stock according to claim 1 when laying cutting bed matrix in (2), is spread the cobble of 15 cm thicks in cutting bed lower floor, and the fresh strong yellow soil of 30 cm thicks is spread on the upper strata.