CN104012334B - The slotting machine facility construction method that a kind of middle mountain China fir series of products is efficiently bred - Google Patents

The slotting machine facility construction method that a kind of middle mountain China fir series of products is efficiently bred Download PDF

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CN104012334B
CN104012334B CN201310064870.0A CN201310064870A CN104012334B CN 104012334 B CN104012334 B CN 104012334B CN 201310064870 A CN201310064870 A CN 201310064870A CN 104012334 B CN104012334 B CN 104012334B
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brick
slotting machine
china fir
layer
series
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CN104012334A (en
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徐建华
殷云龙
於朝广
华建峰
徐和宝
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Institute of Botany of CAS
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Institute of Botany of CAS
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Abstract

The slotting machine facility construction method that a kind of middle mountain China fir series of products is efficiently bred, it is characterized in that the slotting machine base portion enclosed with brick arranges osculum series and is linked as the entity of synergism with the composite interstitial substance optimizing composition, both possessed effective moisture Control, loose substrate is again the supply source of appropriateness nutrition, creates the condition of taking root that forest cutting is suitable.It is an advantage of the invention that input cost is few and applicable territorial scope is wide.Hybridization ink China fir new varieties cuttage rooting planting percent is up to more than 97%, higher by more than 20% than the planting percent of taking root in peat soil+Vermiculitum (1: 1) that the general brick before the present invention encloses seedbed, higher by about 15% than the planting percent of taking root in peat soil+perlite (1: 1), and can high-efficiency operation, every square metre produce Seedling amount up to 900 strains more than.

Description

The slotting machine facility construction method that a kind of middle mountain China fir series of products is efficiently bred
One, technical field
Achievements in forest-tree seedling reproduction technique field, particular for the seedling asexual propagation of mountain China fir in Taxodium seeds.
Two, background technology
Institute of Botany, works in the intervarietal hybridization breeding research being engaged in Taxodium trees for a long time, phase The hybridization bald cypress new varieties such as mountain China fir 302,301 and 118 that continue in incubation have also obtained spread.Clone cottage propagation skill Art has played key technology effect in the extension process of hybrid.Due to the cuttage root-taking of middle mountain China fir seedling within the some time in past Rate is low and the most unstable, and around the cottage propagation of middle mountain China fir, a lot of scholar carried out numerous studies for this, such as Li Zhaoyu the past Showing Deng the research of (1994), middle mountain China fir 302 is 40.6% at the epicormic branch cuttage rooting rate of plastic film sealing condition, at spray condition Under full light seedling cultivation and rooting rate be 64%;In the substrate such as yellow sand, perlite, Vermiculitum, bran ash and river sand+garden mould (1: 1) In full light Autumn Cutting test, with the rooting rate of river sand+garden mould the highest (30.16%), and perlitic rooting efficiency is worst (19.2%).The research of Lu little Qing etc. (2004) shows, China fir 302 autumn sowing of middle mountain, in garden mould+sand (2: 1), is sealed at plastic film Close and rooting rate under shading condition is 26.5%;Autumn sowing rooting rate in sandy loam and under plastic membrane booth is 52.4%.Dong Bi The research of intelligent (2005) shows, middle mountain China fir 302 spring under " triple insulation " plastic film is closed inserts in plant ash+garden mould (1: 1) In rooting rate (86%) higher than in Vermiculitum+fine sand (1: 1) (38.2%).Vast stretch of wooded country diligent (2007) research shows, in difference In in substrate, the mountain China fir summer inserts in full phototesting, with the rooting rate of Vermiculitum+fine sand (1: 1) the highest (81.3%), taking second place in sandy soil (72.7%), the rooting rate in perlite minimum (20.7%);Under same treatment hormone concentration (1500mg/L), middle mountain China fir The rooting efficiency of epicormic branch cuttage is with the efficiency of taking root the highest (80.7%) of NAA+IAA, and ABT6 takes second place (72.7%), single NAA and The rooting efficiency of IAA is worst (48-52%).Above reproduction test generally uses the method that cement pit builds seedbed, or directly enters The method of ground cuttage, the condition of taking root of cutting is poor.
Institute of Botany centering mountain China fir 405 in recent years, middle mountain China fir 406, middle mountain China fir 407 and middle mountain China fir The neies variety of plant such as 502 strengthen the research of raising technology, breed from traditional garden and change into furrow face, ground, garden and enclose brick facility and add Add artificial substratum, and applying electronic regulates and controls gap spraying system and overhead sunshade net facility.Such as Cutting test summer in 2009, mud In rooting rate in charcoal soil+Vermiculitum (1: 1), mountain China fir 405 is 71.5 ± 5.2%, and middle mountain China fir 501 is 78.7 ± 5.8%, middle mountain China fir 502 is 57.6 ± 4.7%;And mountain China fir 405 is 84.3 ± 7.6% in the rooting rate in peat soil+perlite (1: 1), middle mountain China fir 406 is 84.6 ± 6.8%, and middle mountain China fir 407 is 89.3 ± 8.3%.The root system development survived in above-mentioned two class composite interstitial substances is used to have Defect, i.e. root system taper or growing point have putrefactive phenomenon, especially heavier with the seedling bad root phenomenon in peat soil+Vermiculitum (1: 1). In addition, although cutting plantation is more previously improved largely but still on the low side and unstable, tracing it to its cause, it is slotting to be probably Bed facility structure is unreasonable, therefore this has carried out research and system improvement, and obtains this invention.
Three, summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to the design by improving cutting bed, in conjunction with cutting medium, gap spraying system and overhead sunshade net Application, can significantly improve the condition of taking root of cutting, increase substantially middle mountain China fir cutting plantation, significantly improve clone nursery stock matter Measure, and popularization is come.
The technical solution of the present invention is: on Horizon or vegetable garden, with brick as main material, first one layer of base plate brick 7 of tiling, Arranging one layer of osculum 6 system by horizontal direction with the interval neutral gear (one piece of brick width) of 12cm on it, third layer tiles one again Layer brick i.e. pervious bed 5 also slips through the net 4 brick face upper cover one layer is anti-, and then surrounding is upwards enclosed three layers of slotting machine and enclosed brick 3, the central channel of formation Deposit composite interstitial substance 2, forest cutting is inserted.Lay (or preset) electronic-controlled gap spraying system and overhead separately Sunshade (70%) net.
The principle that the present invention optimizes cuttage rooting condition is as follows:
(1) slotting machine possess rational moisture supply and discharge mechanism: the rainwater in slotting machine space or controlled electron gap spray water part quilt Cutting and blade absorb or evaporation, and first Yu Shui is enclosed brick 3 gap by slotting machine and discharge to around, enter the descending remaining of composite interstitial substance 2 Water through anti-slip through the net 4 and pervious bed 5 flow into osculum 6, excess rainwater flows through base plate brick 7 and is i.e. discharged.
(2) the composite interstitial substance composition optimized: once applied multiple single-matrix and plant ash+garden mould in the China fir seedling-wood breeding of middle mountain The composite interstitial substance Cutting test such as (1: 1), river sand+garden mould (1: 1), Vermiculitum+fine sand (1: 1) and peat soil+Vermiculitum (1: 1) become On the basis of effect, it is preferred to use the composite interstitial substance of peat soil+perlite+sandy loam (3: 3: 1), it is allowed to short texture, draining good Good, it is again long-acting and suitable nutrition supply source, creates the most suitable cuttage rooting condition.
(3) cutting live body holding time under suitable illumination, moisture and nutrition supply is longer, therebetween the photosynthetic of normality and Under Repiration, cutting constantly accumulates nutrition, the callus that just can complete wound in about 20 days, and part start to take root, thereafter by Gradually extracting young sprout out, height of seedling is up to more than 30cm then, and root system development is healthy and does not has bad root phenomenon.
The invention have the advantage that
(1) this method overcomes the defect generally using cement pit slotting machine impeded drainage, solves the moisture in cutting propagation and supplies Row's equilibrium problem, optimizes the condition of taking root, and its design is simple, easy construction, it is not necessary to particular professional talent constructs, low cost Honest and clean, run operation and maintenance management the most easy, and seedling-wood breeding achieve noticeable achievement, it is adaptable to the Yangtze river basin and on the south vast Plain, The both urban and rural area application of low mountains and hills.Promoting during the middle mountain China fir Breeding Base Construction on the ground such as Jiangsu, Yunnan, Chongqing should With, achieve gratifying effect.
(2) high quality tree species breeds efficiency height: Institute of Botany in 2010 is in the application of test nursery originally The slotting machine facility of invention is carried out hybridize ink China fir new varieties Cutting test in summer, show that cuttage rooting seedling is effective.Such as middle mountain China fir The rooting rate of 405 is 98.9 ± 0.8%, middle mountain China fir 406 for 96.9 ± 1.2%, middle mountain China fir 407 for 100%, middle mountain China fir 502 for 98.4 ± 1.1%;Summer in 2011 repeat test, also indicate that rooting percent is high and stable, such as middle mountain China fir 405 Rooting rate be 96.2 ± 0.7%, middle mountain China fir 406 for 96 ± 3.4%, middle mountain China fir 407 for 96.7 ± 1.9%, middle mountain China fir 502 for 95.9 ± 1.9%, peat soil under brick facility is enclosed in general seedbed before creating than slotting machine facility constructing technology of the present invention+ In Vermiculitum (1: 1) composite interstitial substance, rooting percent improves more than 20%, than the rooting rate in peat soil+perlite (1: 1) composite interstitial substance High by about 15%.
(3) this facility can high-efficiency operation: for giving full play to this facility usefulness, uses and finely takes as an elective course cutting (long 12cm, blade 5-7 sheet), cutting density 1.5 × 7cm, carry out rational illumination and moisture management and control measure, every square metre can be produced more than Seedling 900 strain.
Four, accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the slotting machine facility structure schematic diagram that a kind of middle mountain China fir series of products is efficiently bred.In figure, 1 is electron gap fog-spray nozzle, 2 is composite interstitial substance.3 enclose brick for slotting machine, and 4 slip through the net for anti-, and 5 is pervious bed, and 6 is osculum, and 7 is base plate brick.
Fig. 2 is that in Institute of Botany's test nursery, the slotting machine of mountain China fir series of products Fast-propagation sets Execute scene: in slotting machine, Seedling is that the middle mountain China fir 405 inserted the summer in 2012 survives Seedling (December was taken the photograph on the 11st in 2012)
Five, specific implementation method
Exemplary embodiments
Institute of Botany releases a collection of hybridization ink China fir new varieties in recent years, because of a large amount of nursery stock of market in urgent need, In reproductive process, find original slotting machine structure and substrate composition existing defects, existing engineered innovation, make slotting machine structure and substrate It is linked as the entity of synergism.Whole slotting machine constructing system is as depicted in figs. 1 and 2.
1. bottom arranges requirement
By slotting machine external diameter width 1.2m, the requirement of pavement width 35cm, whole garden is planned.First dig at slotting machine centrage Longitudinal ditch, deep 20cm, bury water spray lower tube (thick 6 points) underground, in addition to each reserved 1m in slotting machine two, slotting machine middle part every 2m sets up thick 4 points of 1 water spray tubing string, high 80cm, and tile after smooth bed surface 1 layer of base plate brick 7, and base plate brick therein doubles as Feng Yu Time runoff drainage.
2. osculum 6 sets up requirement
Horizontally set one row's brick on bottom brick, long 1.2m, stays a neutral gear (width of i.e. one brick) to arrange with the spacing of 12cm again Another arranges brick, the most repeatedly arrives slotting machine terminal, and tiling third layer brick, is pervious bed 5 the most thereon, its lower formation Neutral gear is osculum 6.
3. enclose brick and form the structure requirement of slotting machine
Periphery above pervious bed, arranges slotting machine with three layers of brick cross arrangement and encloses brick 3, constitutes the slotting machine of high 15cm, bottom and two Side wall paving layer of non-woven fabric, is and anti-slips through the net 4, insert composite interstitial substance 2 in slotting machine, and thickness is 16cm.

Claims (1)

1. mountain China fir series of products slotting machine mating system in a kind, it is characterised in that: on level land or vegetable garden, with brick as main material, Lower floor's one layer of base plate brick (7) of tiling, arranges one layer of osculum (6) according to horizontal direction with the interval neutral gear of 12cm on base plate brick, Above osculum, one layer of brick of tiling is as pervious bed (5), and covering layer of non-woven fabric prevents slipping through the net (4) on the brick face of pervious bed, Three layers of slotting machine all around above pervious bed enclose brick (3), are formed and deposit composite interstitial substance (2) central channel, for cuttage cutting; After drainage system can make the water on slotting machine upper strata enter slotting machine, in addition to being absorbed or evaporating, first enclose the seam of brick (3) from slotting machine Gap is discharged, and the remaining water through composite interstitial substance (2) penetrates into osculum (6) from the brickwork joint of pervious bed (5) and discharges, from turning during abundance of water The pavement entering base plate brick layer is discharged;Described composite interstitial substance is peat soil: perlite: sandy loam=3: 3: 1.
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CN104396518A (en) * 2014-11-24 2015-03-11 付德明 Method for raising seedlings of tea trees by cuttage through bottom empty seed bed
CN105340597B (en) * 2015-10-10 2018-07-24 甘肃省农业科学院作物研究所 Using the identification method for the crops seedling stage drought resistance for oozing rehydration on bottom
CN111296091B (en) * 2020-03-27 2021-08-24 华南农业大学 Cuttage propagation method for cinnamomum yunnanense and application thereof
CN115104473A (en) * 2022-06-02 2022-09-27 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 Sowing and seedling raising method for hybrid Mexico larch

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