CN1158910C - Winter blooming cultivation method for pansy and daisy - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a winter blooming cultivation method for pansy and daisy. Currently collected fresh high-quality varieties are adopted to sow in neutral humic soil of which the pH value is from 6.0 to 7.5, the sowing period is from 7 to 10 months, and the sowing temperature is from 12 to 22 DEG C; the temperature of the seedling stage is controlled at about 8 to 18 DEG C by adopting the measures, such as sunshading, watering, refrigeration, ventilation, cooling by atomization, etc. Meanwhile, a protective ground facility is added for preventing rain and protecting seedlings; morning and evening skew sunlight is utilized to directly irradiate the seedlings, and noon sunlight with the highest quality is utilized to carry out scan irradiation to the seedlings. After six euphyllas grow out, the seedlings are moved into a pot or planted in a field; the seedlings are moved into a room to prevent from being frozen before the first frost comes, and are trained at low temperature before being sold in the market. The winter blooming cultivation method can cultivate spring and summer flowers 'pansy' and 'daisy' into winter flowers, increase the economic income of farmers cultivating flowers and beautify the environment; the winter blooming cultivation method has good economic benefit and social benefit.

Description

" pansy " reaches " daisy " Winter blooming cultivation method

The present invention relates to a kind of " pansy " and reach " daisy " Winter blooming cultivation method.

" pansy " (Viola tricolor) and " daisy " (Bellis Perennis L.) are circle woods ornamental plants, comprise northwest, northeast and North China in northern China, such flowers product that existing production technology of utilization and cultivation method production are cultivated is the flower of spring and summer, and the viewing period of promptly blooming is 4～June." landscape flower " section that people such as China ornamental plant circle senior Chen Jun is pleased, Liu Shihan write teaches, and gardening circle expert teaches China Agricultural University that Huang Lingyan, Ji Junzhao etc. write and spells out " pansy " reach " daisy " and be the flower of spring and summer, 4～June of florescence in the monographs of publishing in 1999 such as " biennial showy flowers of herbaceous plants ".This is that such flower plant growth rhythm and flowering habit determine, existing culture technique is difficult to view and admire for people and beautify the environment at such flowers product that northern area is produced Winter blooming.

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of " pansy " to reach " daisy " Winter blooming cultivation method, the flower " pansy " of spring and summer is reached the flowers product that " daisy " cultivates into Winter blooming, for having increased new flower variety in winter in the north, increased flower-grower's income, beautify environment, had favorable economic benefit and social benefit.

Technical solution of the present invention:

1. seed selection: select the fresh seeds of gathering then for use, the shady dry doubling sterilization of impurity elimination;

2. soil: pH value is that matter soil and sterilization are planted in 6.0～7.5 neutral corruption;

3. sowing: be 7～October sowing time, and the sowing temperature is 12～22 ℃;

4. cover the shading of preserving moisture on the seedbed with straw screen or mat, reed mat or plastic film, adopt measures such as sunshade, watering, refrigeration, ventilation and atomizing cooling seedling stage temperature be controlled at about 8～20 ℃ facility, rainproof keeping a full stand of seedings with setting up protection;

5. ventilate: when emergence rate reaches 50～75%, in time open the covering at two ends, seedbed, Miao Qihou establishes ventilating opening in the both sides, seedbed, and strengthens ventilation gradually;

6. printing opacity: begin printing opacity after seedling is neat, utilize each transmission of sun skew ray 30～60 minutes every day sooner or later before flower seedling grows second true leaf, and when flower seedling grew second true leaf, every day, each transmission sooner or later was 60～65 minutes.

7. scanning irradiation: after flower seedling grows the 3rd true leaf, in protection ground facility, about the every day 12 noon, when solar irradiation and seedbed are rectangular, open top, seedbed covering, be as the criterion from the speed of moving with sunshine with 70% light transmittance, to from left to right scanning property irradiation one time of flower seedling in the whole seedbed, shift out the seedbed naturally with the solar irradiation projection till;

8. flower seedling can go up basin at any time after growing six true leaves;

9. seedling is practiced in winter protection: be as the criterion with local meteorology, can falling frost winter protection of entering the room in preceding 5～7 days for the first time, preceding 5～8 days low temperature exercises under-2 ℃～12 ℃ temperature go on the market.

The present invention has broken through existing seedling raising manners, adopt unique cultivation method, regulate soil scientifically and rationally, fertile, water, temperature, light, wind, envirment factors such as the time difference, solve northern area " pansy " and reached the technical problem that to bloom " daisy " winter, " pansy " reached the flowers product that " daisy " cultivates into Winter blooming, for north of china in winter has increased new flowers product, be once per year grand New Year's Day, increased celebrating atmosphere the Spring Festival, also can increase simultaneously flower-grower's income, beautify the environment, improve the room climate, promote people's physical and mental health, have good social benefit and economic benefit.

Embodiments of the invention:

1, preferred seed: must be the fresh seeds of gathering then, full grains, maturity is good, the shady dry doubling sterilization of impurity elimination.

2, soil requires: pH value 6.0～7.5, it is ventilative that the soil is porous, contains corruption more and plant matter.

1. preparation rationally: by leaf mould, river sand, farmyard manure, composite fertilizer, chicken manure 1: 1: 2: prepare at 0.5: 0.5.

2. strict sterilization: during preparation with high temperature, steam and fry, tan by the sun or use the potassium permanganate spray disinfectant, spray with series bactericidal agent with general gram bacterium or other at bed surface before sowing, in case seed and seedling suffer from eqpidemic disease.

3, temperature requirement: 12～22 ℃ of temperature of sowing, seedling stage, temperature was 8～18 ℃, practiced seedling temperature-2 ℃～12 ℃.Wherein sow temperature and be controlled at the best about 18 ℃, seedling stage, temperature was controlled at the best about 13 ℃, practiced the seedling temperature and was controlled at about 5 ℃ best.

4,7～October of sowing time.View and admire flower the Spring Festival to be advisable for 8～September.Christmas Day, New Year's Day and Valentine's Day, F-of Lanterns are seen flower and can suitably be shifted to an earlier date or delay.

5, type of seeding: with program request, drilling, broadcast sowing and " nutritive cube " grown seedlings and all can.More weak the growing seedlings with bunch planting and " nutritive cube " of " pansy " fibrous root is advisable, and " daisy " well developed root system is transplanted easily, but optional approach is grown seedlings and all can.

1., whole bed: select that physical features is smooth, the local easily trimming of irrigation and drainage seedbed.Foreign material are harrowed carefully, flattened, choose to bed soil.

2., moisture: irritate foot and irrigate.Use seedbed of broad irrigation prior to seeding, guarantee that bed surface has the dark ponding of 2～5cm.

3., broadcast seed: after treating to ooze under an interior open fire all, seed is sowed at the center of seedbed or " nutritive cube " gently, forbids to depart from " nutritive cube " center or put the edge of " nutritive cube ".

4., earth backing: use the lightweight fine earth, uniform topped one deck on bed surface, thickness are 1.5～2 times of seed diameter, and thinnest part is advisable cannot see seed.

6, preserve moisture, shading: must keep certain humidity in order to improve germination rate, and not need illumination, available straw screen or mat, reed mat and plastic film etc. to cover on the seedbed shading to preserve moisture.

7, rainproof keeping a full stand of seedings: between sowing time, duration rainy season,, can set up " protection ground " facility, effectively rainproof keeping a full stand of seedings for fear of the seedbed that drenches with rain with growing seedlings.

8, cooling: grow seedlings the initial stage, temperature is higher, and general temperature is all more than 30 ℃, and sowing time, thermophilic was about 18 ℃, seedling stage, thermophilic was about 13 ℃, can make full use of cool canopy, adopted measures such as sunshade, watering, refrigeration, ventilation and atomizing cooling that temperature is controlled at suitable degree.

9, ventilate: by being seeded into seedling-growing time " pansy " 7～12 days, " daisy " 6～10 days.

The first step: when emergence rate reaches 70%, in time open the topped thing in two ends, seedbed.

Second step:, between the both sides, seedbed, establish ventilating opening, and strengthen ventilation gradually when emergence rate reaches 90% when above.

10, printing opacity: begin printing opacity after seedling is neat.

Behind first day, sunrise in morning, open east side, seedbed covering, allow morning twilight transmission 30 minutes,

Batches two days, increase sunset before, open west side, seedbed covering, allow setting sun light transmission 30 minutes,

The 3rd day, utilize early, 35 fens kinds of each transmission of late sun skew ray, prolong 2～5 minutes printing opacity time later every day, when second true leaf of flower seedling growth, keep 60～65 fens kinds of each transmission every day.

11, scanning irradiation: behind three true leaves of flower seedling growth regulation; in protection ground facility; about the every day 12 noon; when solar irradiation and seedbed are rectangular, open top, seedbed covering; be as the criterion from the speed of moving with illumination with 70% light transmittance; to from left to right scanning property irradiation one time of flower seedling in the whole seedbed, shift out the seedbed naturally with the solar irradiation projection till.The method is strengthened photosynthesis to cultivating high-quality strong sprout, improves that flower seedling is disease-resistant, heat resistanceheat resistant, tolerance to cold have remarkable effect.

12, a transplantation of seedlings: overstocked seedling in the seedbed, thinning as early as possible after emerging 10 days is transplanted when growing 1～2 true leaf, and the area that has additional nutrients is strictly on guard against excessive growth.Flower seedling can go up basin at any time after growing six true leaves.

13, seedling is practiced in winter protection: be as the criterion with local meteorology.Can frost winter protection of entering the room in preceding 5～7 days fallen for the first time.Go on the market and carried out low temperature exercise at-2 ℃～12 ℃ in preceding 5～8 days, in order to the new environment that can suit after the listing.

Claims (1)

1, a kind of " pansy " reaches " daisy " Winter blooming cultivation method, it is characterized in that:

1. seed selection: select the fresh seeds of gathering then for use, the shady dry doubling sterilization of impurity elimination;

2. soil: pH value is that matter soil and sterilization are planted in 6.0～7.5 neutral corruption;

3. sowing: be 7～October sowing time, and the sowing temperature is 12～22 ℃;

4. cover the shading of preserving moisture on the seedbed with straw screen or mat, reed mat or plastic film, adopt measures such as sunshade, watering, refrigeration, ventilation and atomizing cooling seedling stage temperature be controlled at about 8～20 ℃ facility, rainproof keeping a full stand of seedings with setting up protection;

5. ventilate: when emergence rate reaches 50～75%, in time open the covering at two ends, seedbed, Miao Qihou establishes ventilating opening in the both sides, seedbed, and strengthens ventilation gradually;

6. printing opacity: begin printing opacity after seedling is neat, utilize 30～60 fens kinds of each transmission of the sun skew ray every day sooner or later before flower seedling grows second true leaf, and when flower seedling grew second true leaf, every day, each transmission sooner or later was 60～65 minutes;

7. scanning irradiation: after flower seedling grows the 3rd true leaf, in protection ground facility, about the every day 12 noon, when solar irradiation and seedbed are rectangular, open top, seedbed covering, be as the criterion from the speed of moving with sunshine with 70% light transmittance, align in the seedbed from left to right scanning property irradiation one time of flower seedling, shift out the seedbed naturally with the solar irradiation projection till;

8. flower seedling can go up basin at any time after growing six true leaves;

9. seedling is practiced in winter protection: be as the criterion with local meteorology, can falling frost winter protection of entering the room in preceding 5～7 days for the first time, preceding 5～8 days low temperature exercises under-2 ℃～12 ℃ temperature go on the market.