CN110754305A - High-yield pitaya planting method - Google Patents
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- CN110754305A CN110754305A CN201911228843.6A CN201911228843A CN110754305A CN 110754305 A CN110754305 A CN 110754305A CN 201911228843 A CN201911228843 A CN 201911228843A CN 110754305 A CN110754305 A CN 110754305A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0299—Handling or transporting of soil blocks or seedlings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
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- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-yield pitaya planting method, which comprises the following steps of S1, planting field treatment: the method comprises the steps of selecting sandy soil with fertile soil, ventilated and sunny and good drainage performance as a planting field of the dragon fruits, putting 150 kg of lime plus material into each mu, uniformly putting the lime plus material, spraying the lime-sulfur mixture after 2-3 months, uniformly spraying the lime-sulfur mixture according to the proportion of 0.5kg of the lime-sulfur mixture and 100kg of water to play a role in preventing diseases and insects, sterilizing and disinfecting the soil in advance, drying the soil for 2-4 days after leveling and plowing, trimming and dividing ridges, and applying 2800 kg of organic fertilizer plus material into each mu. According to the high-yield pitaya planting method, the cutting seedlings rapidly take roots and germinate, the seedling culture period is shortened, the survival rate and the yield of the pitaya are obviously improved, the method is simple to operate, low in cost and free of pollution, is suitable for large-scale popularization, lime and lime sulfur are put in during land arrangement, the disease prevention and insect prevention effects are achieved, and the organic fertilizer which is rich in organic matters and high in fertilizer efficiency is adopted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of dragon fruit planting, in particular to a high-yield dragon fruit planting method.
Background
The pitaya is a cultivation variety of the cactaceae and the measuring tape of the measuring tape genus, climbs fleshy shrubs with aerial roots and a plurality of branches, extends, has regular wing-shaped edges, wavy or circular teeth-shaped edges, is dark green to light blue green, and has bone; a funnel shape, which is open at night; the scaly ovate shape is coated with needles to needles, the sepal-shaped perianth sheet is yellow-green, the linear shape is coated with needles, the petal-shaped perianth sheet is white, the long circular shape is coated with needles, the filament is yellow-white, the style is yellow-white, the berry is red, the long sphere shape is long, the fruit umbilicus is small, the pulp is white and red, the seed is coated with eggs, the seed is black, the hilum is small, the 7-12 months flowering and fruiting are distributed in central America to south America north, the world is widely cultivated, the air roots are used for climbing on the trunk, the rock or the wall, the altitude is 3-300 meters, the branch cuttage is easy to survive, the branch is often used as the root stock of the grafted crab claw, the Mesona and various Cactus, the flowers can be used as vegetables, the berries, the trade name is 'dragon fruit', the dragon fruit is a perennial fleshy plant, the plant has no main roots, the lateral roots are largely distributed in the shallow surface soil layer, and simultaneously, many, the stem is thick and strong, the stem can grow on other plants, the thickness of the stem can reach 7 meters, the stem is 10-12 centimeters, the stem is provided with 3 edges, the edges of the stem are flat, the edges of the stem are wavy, climbing roots grow at stem nodes and can climb on other plants, the number of ribs is 3, the dent of each segment of the stem node is provided with thorns, the leaves of the stem are degenerated due to long-term growth in tropical desert areas, the photosynthesis function is borne by stems, a large number of parenchyma cells full of viscous liquid are arranged in the stems, the absorption of water as much as possible in rainy seasons is facilitated, a large number of multiple buds and mixed bud primordia are arranged in the buds, the buds can be extracted into leaf buds and flower buds, and the flower buds can be extracted at the early stage of flower bud development under the appropriate temperature condition and can be converted into leaf buds, and the top tissues of branches which grow vigorously.
The dragon fruit is a fruit with relatively high economic value, but the management is troublesome, and not only fertilization and nursing are needed in the period of flowering and fruiting, but also careful care is needed in the period of fruit fallow; in the whole planting process, from the selection, treatment and planting of seedlings, pruning of branches, fertilization, water spraying and insect prevention nursing of fruit trees, particularly, dead seedlings are easily caused when the temperature is low in winter, or rotten problems are caused in long-time rainy days; in addition, if the chemical fertilizer is used in a large amount for a long time, soil hardening is easily caused, the beneficial bacterium amount is rapidly reduced, the growth environment of crops is deteriorated, diseases and insect pests frequently occur, and vicious circle is formed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a high-yield pitaya planting method, which solves the problem of troublesome management, adopts organic chemical fertilizers or compound fertilizers in the existing pitaya planting process, has high cost and difficult control on the using amount, and is easy to cause seedling burning phenomenon; if the chemical fertilizer is not applied in time during planting, the yield is reduced, soil hardening is easily caused by long-term use of a large amount of the chemical fertilizer, the quantity of beneficial bacteria is rapidly reduced, the growth environment of crops is worsened, diseases and insect pests frequently occur, and vicious circle is formed.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a high-yield pitaya planting method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, treatment of the planting field: selecting sandy soil with fertile soil, ventilated and sunny and good drainage performance as a planting field of the dragon fruits, putting 150 kg of lime in each mu, uniformly putting, spraying the lime sulphur mixture after 2-3 months, uniformly spraying according to the proportion of 0.5kg of the lime sulphur mixture mixed with 100kg of water to play a role in preventing diseases and insects, sterilizing and disinfecting the soil in advance, leveling and turning over, drying the soil for 2-4 days, trimming and dividing ridges, and applying 2800 kg of organic fertilizer in each mu;
s2, selection of varieties: selecting dragon fruit branches which are pure in variety, strong in growth, free of diseases and insect pests, and full-aged in the current year as cuttings, selecting the dragon fruit branches with the length of 15-20 cm, soaking in a liquid medicine for disinfection, and drying until wounds are completely healed;
s3, cutting treatment: adopting a cuttage mode to carry out seedling raising, soaking in 800 times of water-diluted carbendazim solution for 1-2 minutes, taking out, airing, cuttage in a loose, breathable and wet sandy loam seedbed for cultivation, spraying water once after cuttage for 6-8 days, applying water and fertilizer once after cuttage for 15-18 days, keeping illumination for 10-12 hours every day, and transplanting after cuttage for 20-25 days;
s4, transplanting root seedlings: preparing soil and making furrows, wherein the furrows of the furrows are 30-40 cm deep, holes with fixed values are dug on the ridges every 25-35 cm along the extending direction of the ridges, nutrient fertilizer is applied to the holes with fixed values, base fertilizer is applied to a soil layer 20-25 cm below the surface of the furrows, the root seedlings of the cut dragon fruits are transplanted into the holes with fixed values, columns with the radius of 3-5 cm and the height of 2.2-2.5 m are uniformly inserted, the distance between the two columns is 20-25 cm, and watering is not needed within three days after the transplanting;
s5, field management: watering once every 3-5 days in sunny days at the temperature of more than 25 ℃, watering once every 2-4 days in sunny days at the temperature of 15-25 ℃, applying fertilizer once every 20-30 days without watering in rainy days, and applying 1000-2000kg of compound fertilizer per mu;
s6, fruit tree management: thinning flowers when the size of a bud thumb is large after the branches bloom, and keeping 2-4 growing, large and non-deformed buds per branch; thinning the fruits when the fruits grow to 4-6 cm, and bagging when the fruit peels turn red from green; the sunshade net is laid on the sunshade frame in 5-9 months during the flower and fruit period;
s7, picking fruits: when the dragon fruits bloom, the fruits are ripe 25-35 days after the flowers are withered, and the fruits can be harvested when 90% -95% of the fruits are changed from cyan to purple red.
Preferably, the organic fertilizer is prepared by mixing and fermenting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of leaves, 20-30 parts of cattle and sheep manure, 20-40 parts of straw powder, 8-15 parts of rapeseed cakes, 3-7 parts of bamboo root mud, 2-6 parts of wormcast, 2-8 parts of bone meal, 5-8 parts of molybdenum mineral powder, 1-4 parts of trace elements, 12-22 parts of carbonized lotus leaves, 8-18 parts of vinasse, 5-15 parts of vermiculite powder and 3-12 parts of borax.
Preferably, the nutrient fertilizer is prepared by crushing and stirring the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-5 parts of sweet potato straw, 5-9 parts of shaddock peel, 4-6 parts of banana peel, 3-9 parts of Chinese honeylocust fruit and 40-50 parts of water.
Advantageous effects
The invention provides a high-yield pitaya planting method. Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects: the high-yield pitaya planting method comprises the following steps of S1, planting field treatment: selecting sandy soil with fertile soil, ventilated and sunny and good drainage performance as a planting field of the dragon fruits, putting 150 kg of lime in each mu, uniformly putting, spraying the lime sulphur mixture after 2-3 months, uniformly spraying according to the proportion of 0.5kg of the lime sulphur mixture mixed with 100kg of water to play a role in preventing diseases and insects, sterilizing and disinfecting the soil in advance, leveling and turning over, drying the soil for 2-4 days, trimming and dividing ridges, and applying 2800 kg of organic fertilizer in each mu; s2, selection of varieties: selecting dragon fruit branches which are pure in variety, strong in growth, free of diseases and insect pests, and full-aged in the current year as cuttings, selecting the dragon fruit branches with the length of 15-20 cm, soaking in a liquid medicine for disinfection, and drying until wounds are completely healed; s3, cutting treatment: adopting a cuttage mode to carry out seedling raising, soaking in 800 times of water-diluted carbendazim solution for 1-2 minutes, taking out, airing, cuttage in a loose, breathable and wet sandy loam seedbed for cultivation, spraying water once after cuttage for 6-8 days, applying water and fertilizer once after cuttage for 15-18 days, keeping illumination for 10-12 hours every day, and transplanting after cuttage for 20-25 days; s4, transplanting root seedlings: preparing soil and making furrows, wherein the furrows of the furrows are 30-40 cm deep, holes with fixed values are dug on the ridges every 25-35 cm along the extending direction of the ridges, nutrient fertilizer is applied to the holes with fixed values, base fertilizer is applied to a soil layer 20-25 cm below the surface of the furrows, the root seedlings of the cut dragon fruits are transplanted into the holes with fixed values, columns with the radius of 3-5 cm and the height of 2.2-2.5 m are uniformly inserted, the distance between the two columns is 20-25 cm, and watering is not needed within three days after the transplanting; s5, field management: watering once every 3-5 days in sunny days at the temperature of more than 25 ℃, watering once every 2-4 days in sunny days at the temperature of 15-25 ℃, applying fertilizer once every 20-30 days without watering in rainy days, and applying 1000-2000kg of compound fertilizer per mu; s6, fruit tree management: thinning flowers when the size of a bud thumb is large after the branches bloom, and keeping 2-4 growing, large and non-deformed buds per branch; thinning the fruits when the fruits grow to 4-6 cm, and bagging when the fruit peels turn red from green; the sunshade net is laid on the sunshade frame in 5-9 months during the flower and fruit period; s7, picking fruits: when the dragon fruit blooms, the fruit is ripe 25-35 days after the flowers are withered, the fruit can be harvested when 90% -95% of the fruit is changed from cyan to magenta, the cutting seedling rapidly takes root and germinates, the seedling culture period is shortened, the survival rate and the yield of the dragon fruit are obviously improved, the method is simple to operate, low in cost, free of pollution and suitable for large-scale popularization, lime and lime sulfur are put in during land arrangement, the disease prevention and insect prevention effects are achieved, the organic fertilizer with rich organic matters and high fertilizer effect is adopted, the organic fertilizer can provide a large number of nutrient elements for the growth of the dragon fruit, the yield of dragon fruit seeds can be improved, the soil structure is improved, the fertilizer effect is obvious and lasting, the physicochemical property of the soil can be improved, the water storage rate of the soil is enhanced, the fertilizer retention capacity of the soil is improved, the normal growth and development of the dragon fruit can be promoted, the, provides comprehensive and suitable nutrients, increases the yield, improves the quality of the pitaya fruits, and is a preferred fertilizer source for producing organic pitaya.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the steps of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides three technical solutions: a high-yield pitaya planting method specifically comprises the following embodiments:
example 1
S1, treatment of the planting field: selecting sandy loam land with fertile soil, ventilation and sunny exposure and good drainage performance as a planting land of the dragon fruits, putting 135 kg of lime into each mu, uniformly putting, spraying the lime-sulfur mixture after 2.5 months, uniformly spraying the lime-sulfur mixture according to the proportion of 0.5kg of lime-sulfur mixture mixed with 100kg of water, playing a role in preventing diseases and insects, sterilizing and disinfecting the soil in advance, leveling and ploughing the soil, drying the land for 3 days, trimming and ridging the soil, and applying 2650 kg of organic fertilizer into each mu;
s2, selection of varieties: selecting dragon fruit branches which are pure in variety, strong in growth, free of diseases and insect pests, and full-aged in the current year as cuttings, selecting the dragon fruit branches with the length of 17 cm, soaking the dragon fruit branches in a liquid medicine for disinfection, and drying until wounds are completely healed;
s3, cutting treatment: adopting a cuttage mode to carry out seedling raising, soaking in 800 times of water-diluted carbendazim solution for 1.5 minutes, taking out, airing, carrying out cuttage in a loose, breathable and wet sandy loam seedbed for cultivation, spraying water once after 7 days of cuttage, applying water and fertilizer once after 17 days of cuttage, keeping illumination for 11 hours every day, and transplanting after 23 days of cuttage;
s4, transplanting root seedlings: preparing soil and making beds, wherein the depth of a furrow in each bed is 35 cm, a fixed value hole is dug on each ridge every 30 cm along the extending direction of each ridge, nutrient fertilizer is applied in the fixed value holes, base fertilizer is applied to a soil layer 22 cm below the surface of each bed, the root seedlings of the cut dragon fruits are transplanted into the fixed value holes, columns with the radius of 4 cm and the height of 2.3 m are uniformly inserted, the distance between the two columns is 22 cm, and watering is not needed within three days after transplanting;
s5, field management: watering once every 4 days in sunny days at the temperature of more than 25 ℃, watering once every 3 days in sunny days at the temperature of 20 ℃, not watering in rainy days, applying fertilizer every 25 days, and applying 1500kg of compound fertilizer per mu;
s6, fruit tree management: after the branches bloom, thinning the flower when the size of the thumb of the flower bud is large, and keeping 3 growing, large and non-deformed flower buds per branch; thinning the fruits when the fruits grow to 5 cm, and bagging when the fruit peels turn red from green; the sunshade net is laid on the sunshade frame in 7 months during the flower and fruit period;
s7, picking fruits: when the dragon fruits blossom, the fruits mature 30 days after the flowers are withered, and the fruits can be harvested when 92 percent of the fruits are changed from cyan to magenta.
Example 2
S1, treatment of the planting field: selecting sandy loam land with fertile soil, ventilation and sunny exposure and good drainage performance as a planting land of the dragon fruits, putting 120 kg of lime into each mu, uniformly putting, spraying lime-sulfur mixture after 2 months, uniformly spraying the lime-sulfur mixture according to the proportion of 0.5kg of lime-sulfur mixture mixed with 100kg of water, playing a role in preventing diseases and insects, sterilizing and disinfecting the soil in advance, leveling and ploughing, drying the land for 2 days, trimming and dividing ridges, and applying 2500 kg of organic fertilizer into each mu;
s2, selection of varieties: selecting dragon fruit branches which are pure in variety, strong in growth, free of diseases and insect pests, and full-aged in the current year as cuttings, selecting the dragon fruit branches with the length of 15 cm, soaking the dragon fruit branches in a liquid medicine for disinfection, and drying until wounds are completely healed;
s3, cutting treatment: adopting a cuttage mode to carry out seedling raising, soaking in 800 times of water-diluted carbendazim solution for 1 minute, taking out and airing, carrying out cuttage in a loose, breathable and moist sandy loam seedbed for cultivation, spraying water once after 6 days of cuttage, applying water and fertilizer once after 15 days of cuttage, keeping illumination for 10 hours every day, and transplanting after 20 days of cuttage;
s4, transplanting root seedlings: preparing soil and making beds, wherein the depth of a ditch in each bed is 30 cm, a fixed value hole is dug on each ridge every 25 cm along the extending direction of each ridge, nutrient fertilizer is applied in the fixed value holes, base fertilizer is applied to a soil layer 20 cm below the surface of each bed, the root seedlings of the cut dragon fruits are transplanted into the fixed value holes, columns with the radius of 3 cm and the height of 2.2 m are uniformly inserted, the distance between the two columns is 20 cm, and watering is not needed within three days after transplanting;
s5, field management: watering once every 3 days in sunny days at the temperature of more than 25 ℃, watering once every 2 days in sunny days at the temperature of 15 ℃, not watering in rainy days, applying fertilizer every 20 days, and applying 1000kg of compound fertilizer per mu;
s6, fruit tree management: after the branches bloom, thinning the flower when the size of the thumb of the flower bud is large, and keeping 2 growing, large and non-deformed flower buds per branch; thinning the fruits when the fruits grow to 4 cm, and bagging when the fruit peels turn red from green; in 5 months of the flower and fruit period, the sunshade net is laid on the sunshade frame;
s7, picking fruits: when the dragon fruits blossom, the fruits mature 25 days after the flowers are withered, and the fruits can be harvested when 90% of the fruits are changed from cyan to magenta.
Example 3
S1, treatment of the planting field: selecting sandy loam land with fertile soil, ventilation and sunny exposure and good drainage performance as a planting land of the dragon fruits, putting 150 kg of lime into each mu, uniformly putting the lime into the sandy loam land, spraying a lime-sulfur mixture after 3 months, uniformly spraying the lime-sulfur mixture according to the proportion of 0.5kg of lime-sulfur mixture and 100kg of water, playing a role in preventing diseases and insects, sterilizing and disinfecting the soil in advance, leveling and ploughing the soil, drying the land for 4 days, trimming and dividing ridges, and applying 2800 kg of organic fertilizer into each mu;
s2, selection of varieties: selecting dragon fruit branches which are pure in variety, strong in growth, free of diseases and insect pests, and full-aged in the current year as cuttings, selecting dragon fruit branches with the length of 20 cm, soaking in a liquid medicine for disinfection, and drying until wounds are completely healed;
s3, cutting treatment: adopting a cuttage mode to carry out seedling raising, soaking in 800 times of water-diluted carbendazim solution for 2 minutes, taking out and airing, carrying out cuttage in a loose, breathable and wet sandy loam seedbed for cultivation, spraying water once after 8 days of cuttage, applying water and fertilizer once after 18 days of cuttage, keeping illumination for 12 hours every day, and transplanting after 25 days of cuttage;
s4, transplanting root seedlings: preparing soil and making beds, wherein the depth of a furrow in each bed is 40 cm, a fixed value hole is dug on each ridge every 35 cm along the extending direction of each ridge, nutrient fertilizer is applied in the fixed value holes, base fertilizer is applied to a soil layer 25 cm below the surface of each bed, the root seedlings of the cut dragon fruits are transplanted into the fixed value holes, columns with the radius of 5 cm and the height of 2.5 m are uniformly inserted, the distance between the two columns is 25 cm, and watering is not needed within three days after transplanting;
s5, field management: watering once every 5 days in sunny days at the temperature higher than 25 ℃, watering once every 4 days in sunny days at the temperature of 25 ℃, not watering in rainy days, applying fertilizer every 30 days, and applying 2000kg of compound fertilizer per mu;
s6, fruit tree management: after the branches bloom, thinning the flower when the size of the thumb of the flower bud is large, and keeping 4 growing, large and non-deformed flower buds per branch; thinning the fruits when the fruits grow to 6 cm, and bagging when the fruit peels turn red from green; the sunshade net is laid on the sunshade frame in 9 months during the flower and fruit period;
s7, picking fruits: when the dragon fruit blooms and the fruit is ripe 35 days after the flower withering, the fruit can be collected when 95 percent of the fruit is changed from cyan to magenta
And those not described in detail in this specification are well within the skill of those in the art.
Effects of the embodiment
In a certain dragon fruit planting base, the dragon fruits are planted according to the embodiments 1-3 of the present invention, 30 workers are randomly selected to test the dragon fruits, wherein 10 workers are selected to test the dragon fruits manufactured by the manufacturing method of the embodiment 1 of the present invention, 10 workers are randomly selected to test the dragon fruits manufactured by the manufacturing method of the embodiment 2 of the present invention, the remaining 10 workers test the dragon fruits manufactured by the manufacturing method of the embodiment 3 of the present invention, and after the 30 workers test, the tested effects are recorded.
Experimental chart
As can be seen from the above table, the test effect of example 1 of the present invention is the best of the three comparative items, the dragon fruit produced in example 1 has an average weight of 420 g per ten dragon fruits, the pest and disease damage rate is 0, the seedling is rapidly rooted and germinated by the cutting seedling, the seedling period is shortened, the survival rate and the yield of the dragon fruit are significantly improved, the method is simple to operate, the cost is low, no pollution is caused, the method is suitable for large-scale popularization, lime and lime sulfur are added during land arrangement, the disease and pest prevention effects are achieved, organic fertilizers with abundant organic matters and high fertilizer effects are adopted, the organic fertilizers can provide a large number of nutrient elements for the growth of the dragon fruit, the yield of the dragon fruit seeds can be improved, the soil structure can be improved, the fertilizer effect is significant and durable, the physicochemical properties of the soil can be improved, the water storage rate of the soil can be enhanced, the fertilizer retention capacity of the soil can, the stress resistance of the dragon fruit is enhanced, the nutrient utilization efficiency is improved, comprehensive suitable nutrients are provided, the yield is increased, the fruit quality of the dragon fruit is improved, and the fertilizer is a preferred fertilizer source for producing organic dragon fruits.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. A high-yield pitaya planting method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, treatment of the planting field: selecting sandy soil with fertile soil, ventilated and sunny and good drainage performance as a planting field of the dragon fruits, putting 150 kg of lime in each mu, uniformly putting, spraying the lime sulphur mixture after 2-3 months, uniformly spraying according to the proportion of 0.5kg of the lime sulphur mixture mixed with 100kg of water to play a role in preventing diseases and insects, sterilizing and disinfecting the soil in advance, leveling and turning over, drying the soil for 2-4 days, trimming and dividing ridges, and applying 2800 kg of organic fertilizer in each mu;
s2, selection of varieties: selecting dragon fruit branches which are pure in variety, strong in growth, free of diseases and insect pests, and full-aged in the current year as cuttings, selecting the dragon fruit branches with the length of 15-20 cm, soaking in a liquid medicine for disinfection, and drying until wounds are completely healed;
s3, cutting treatment: adopting a cuttage mode to carry out seedling raising, soaking in 800 times of water-diluted carbendazim solution for 1-2 minutes, taking out, airing, cuttage in a loose, breathable and wet sandy loam seedbed for cultivation, spraying water once after cuttage for 6-8 days, applying water and fertilizer once after cuttage for 15-18 days, keeping illumination for 10-12 hours every day, and transplanting after cuttage for 20-25 days;
s4, transplanting root seedlings: preparing soil and making furrows, wherein the furrows of the furrows are 30-40 cm deep, holes with fixed values are dug on the ridges every 25-35 cm along the extending direction of the ridges, nutrient fertilizer is applied to the holes with fixed values, base fertilizer is applied to a soil layer 20-25 cm below the surface of the furrows, the root seedlings of the cut dragon fruits are transplanted into the holes with fixed values, columns with the radius of 3-5 cm and the height of 2.2-2.5 m are uniformly inserted, the distance between the two columns is 20-25 cm, and watering is not needed within three days after the transplanting;
s5, field management: watering once every 3-5 days in sunny days at the temperature of more than 25 ℃, watering once every 2-4 days in sunny days at the temperature of 15-25 ℃, applying fertilizer once every 20-30 days without watering in rainy days, and applying 1000-2000kg of compound fertilizer per mu;
s6, fruit tree management: thinning flowers when the size of a bud thumb is large after the branches bloom, and keeping 2-4 growing, large and non-deformed buds per branch; thinning the fruits when the fruits grow to 4-6 cm, and bagging when the fruit peels turn red from green; the sunshade net is laid on the sunshade frame in 5-9 months during the flower and fruit period;
s7, picking fruits: when the dragon fruits bloom, the fruits are ripe 25-35 days after the flowers are withered, and the fruits can be harvested when 90% -95% of the fruits are changed from cyan to purple red.
2. The high-yield pitaya planting method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the organic fertilizer is prepared by mixing and fermenting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of leaves, 20-30 parts of cattle and sheep manure, 20-40 parts of straw powder, 8-15 parts of rapeseed cakes, 3-7 parts of bamboo root mud, 2-6 parts of wormcast, 2-8 parts of bone meal, 5-8 parts of molybdenum mineral powder, 1-4 parts of trace elements, 12-22 parts of carbonized lotus leaves, 8-18 parts of vinasse, 5-15 parts of vermiculite powder and 3-12 parts of borax.
3. The high-yield pitaya planting method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the nutrient fertilizer is prepared by crushing and stirring the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-5 parts of sweet potato straw, 5-9 parts of shaddock peel, 4-6 parts of banana peel, 3-9 parts of Chinese honeylocust fruit and 40-50 parts of water.
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| CN112450007A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2021-03-09 | 广西佳年农业有限公司 | Single-column type double-layer dragon fruit planting method |
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