CN111166858B - 和胃颗粒的制备方法 - Google Patents
和胃颗粒的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111166858B CN111166858B CN201911232798.1A CN201911232798A CN111166858B CN 111166858 B CN111166858 B CN 111166858B CN 201911232798 A CN201911232798 A CN 201911232798A CN 111166858 B CN111166858 B CN 111166858B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- ginger
- coptis chinensis
- extracting
- extraction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
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- 235000008397 ginger Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 241000037740 Coptis chinensis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
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- WHGYBXFWUBPSRW-FOUAGVGXSA-N beta-cyclodextrin Chemical compound OC[C@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1O)O)O[C@H]2O[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O3)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]3O[C@@H]1CO WHGYBXFWUBPSRW-FOUAGVGXSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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- 244000273928 Zingiber officinale Species 0.000 abstract description 5
- NLDDIKRKFXEWBK-AWEZNQCLSA-N gingerol Chemical compound CCCCC[C@H](O)CC(=O)CCC1=CC=C(O)C(OC)=C1 NLDDIKRKFXEWBK-AWEZNQCLSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- JZLXEKNVCWMYHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gingerol Natural products CCCCC(O)CC(=O)CCC1=CC=C(O)C(OC)=C1 JZLXEKNVCWMYHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
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- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- YBHILYKTIRIUTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N berberine Chemical compound C1=C2CC[N+]3=CC4=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=C4C=C3C2=CC2=C1OCO2 YBHILYKTIRIUTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 235000008216 herbs Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- FUKUFMFMCZIRNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron;methanol;chloride Chemical compound Cl.OC FUKUFMFMCZIRNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 208000007882 Gastritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000207929 Scutellaria Species 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical class [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A61K36/48—Fabaceae or Leguminosae (Pea or Legume family); Caesalpiniaceae; Mimosaceae; Papilionaceae
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- A61K47/6949—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit inclusion complexes, e.g. clathrates, cavitates or fullerenes
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- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
- A61K2236/331—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones using water, e.g. cold water, infusion, tea, steam distillation or decoction
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- A61K2236/50—Methods involving additional extraction steps
- A61K2236/51—Concentration or drying of the extract, e.g. Lyophilisation, freeze-drying or spray-drying
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Alternative & Traditional Medicine (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
本发明属于医药技术领域,涉及和胃颗粒的制备方法,包括:A.生姜汁的β‑环糊精包合;B.黄连单独加入水,加热回流提取,得到黄连提取液;C.法半夏、人参、炙甘草、大枣与生姜渣混合,加入水加热回流提取,加热至快沸腾时,加入黄芩,提取,得到其余药材提取液;D.将黄连提取液和其余药材提取液混合浓缩至密度1~1.3g/mL(40℃),喷雾干燥得到浸膏粉;E.将生姜包合物、适量糊精和浸膏粉混合均匀,干法制粒即得;所述的和胃颗粒由以下重量份数的原料制备而成:法半夏9~27份,生姜6~20份,黄连1~5份,黄芩3~10份,人参5~15份,甘草3~15份,大枣5~18份。与共煎法相比,本方法在保持6‑姜酚、甘草酸铵含量的基础上,能明显提高盐酸小檗碱、黄芩苷的含量。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中药领域,尤其涉及一种复方中成药颗粒剂和胃颗粒的制备方法。
背景技术
中药复方颗粒和胃颗粒是6类新药中药复方制剂,由法半夏、生姜、人参、黄芩、黄连、炙甘草和大枣所组成,具有益气和胃,寒热并用,消痞散结,升降协调之功效,广泛应用于溃疡病、慢性胃炎、肠炎等疾病。
中药复方制剂制备的一大问题是其成分复杂,不同药材在一同提取时可能造成相互反应、有效成分降低的问题。例如黄芩常温水浸泡过久,黄芩苷可能由于内源酶降解而含量下降。同时,为保证提取效率而采用过长的提取时间、过量的提取溶剂,又存在耗时耗力、资源浪费等弊端。本发明针对组成药材的有效部位及有效活性成分采用不同提取方法,同时通过正交试验筛选因素水平,使得生产工艺在保证提取效率的同时节省大量资源,适合大规模的工业生产。最后,本发明将最优工艺与质量控制步骤相结合,保证了和胃颗粒的疗效,减少了药品的批间差异。
发明内容
本发明提供一种和胃颗粒的制备方法,按照该方法制得的和胃颗粒有效成分含量较好,质量稳定。
本复方和胃颗粒由以下重量份数的原料制备而成:法半夏9~27份,生姜6~20份,黄连1~5份,黄芩3~10份,人参5~15份,甘草3~15份,大枣5~18份。其制备方法包括以下步骤:
A.生姜榨汁,过滤,并将生姜汁用β-环糊精包合(β-环糊精:生姜汁比例为2:100~15:100,g:mL),在40~60℃下搅拌包合0.5~2h后静置,过滤,干燥,得到生姜包合物和生姜渣(阴干)备用;
B.黄连单独加入8~24倍量的水(g:mL),加热回流提取1~3次,每次0.5~2h,得到黄连提取液;
C.法半夏、人参、炙甘草、大枣与生姜渣混合,加入8~16倍量的水(g:mL)加热回流提取,加热至快沸腾时,加入黄芩,共提取1~3次,每次0.5~2h,得到其余药材提取液;
D.将黄连提取液和其余药材提取液混合浓缩至密度1~1.3g/mL(40℃),喷雾干燥得到浸膏粉,进风口温度130-150℃,泵流速为300~500mL/h;
E.将生姜包合物和浸膏粉混合(以生姜6~12份计),并加适量糊精混合均匀,浸膏粉-生姜包合物混合物:糊精重量比为3:1~8:1,干法制粒即得。
具体实施方式
本发明的制备方法能够在下面通过实施例进一步说明,且以下实例仅用于说明本发明,而不是对本发明的限制。实验所使用药材均符合国家药典标准。
其中,下述实施例中,和胃颗粒及姜汁包合物中6-姜酚的含量测定方法是:取本品1g,精密称定,置具塞锥形瓶中,加水5mL,振摇后至分液漏斗中,用乙醚提取3次,每次5mL,弃去;取水层,用三氯甲烷提取4次,每次5mL,合并三氯甲烷液,蒸干后上样于硅胶柱中(100~200目),正己烷-乙醚(4:1)洗脱10mL,弃去;取5mL正己烷-乙醚(3:2)洗脱,收集洗脱液,蒸干定容至2.5mL容量瓶中;摇匀,滤过,取续滤液作为供试品溶液;以高效液相色谱法进行检测,流动相条件为:乙腈-水(37:63),等度洗脱,检测波长为280nm,室温,流速为0.9mL/min。
下述实施例中,和胃颗粒中甘草酸铵的含量测定方法是:取本品1g,精密称定,置具塞锥形瓶中,精密加入稀乙醇(49.5%~50.5%,v:v))16mL,密塞,超声处理45分钟,放冷,再称定重量,用稀乙醇补足减失的重量,定容至10mL容量瓶中,摇匀,滤过,取续滤液作为供试品溶液;以高效液相色谱法进行检测,流动相条件为:流动相条件为:乙腈-水-冰乙酸(35:65:3),检测波长254nm,室温,流速为1.0mL/min。
下述实施例中,和胃颗粒中盐酸小檗碱的含量测定方法是:取本品约1.0g,置具塞锥形瓶中,精密加入甲醇-盐酸(100:1)的混合溶液50mL,密塞,称定重量,超声处理45分钟,放冷,再称定重量,用甲醇-盐酸(100:1)补足减失的重量,摇匀,滤过,取续滤液作为供试品溶液;以高效液相色谱法进行检测,流动相条件为:乙腈-0.05mol/L磷酸二氢钾溶液(用磷酸调节pH值至3.0)作为流动相,梯度洗脱(乙腈:磷酸二氢钾溶液=0~25min,25:75,25~40min,40:60,40~45min,25:75),检测波长为345nm,室温,流速为1.0mL/min。
下述实施例中,和胃颗粒中黄芩苷的测定方法是:取本品约0.3g,置具塞锥形瓶中,精密加入70%乙醇溶液50mL,密塞,称定重量,超声处理45分钟,放冷,再称定重量,用70%乙醇补足减失的重量,摇匀,滤过,取续滤液作为供试品溶液;以高效液相色谱法进行检测,流动相条件为:甲醇:水:磷酸(43:57:0.2),流速为1.0mL/min,室温,检测波长为315nm。
下列实施例中,提取液总多糖的含量测定方法是:取提取液20mL,用无水乙醇调至乙醇浓度为80%,静置12h后,离心(3000r,10min),倾去上清液,沉淀用水转移至50mL量瓶中,加水至刻度,取0.5mL至10mL量瓶中,加水至刻度,作为供试品溶液,并参照2015版《药典》一部灵芝多糖的测定方法进行测定。
下列实施例中,提取液人参总皂苷(Rb1,Rg1,Re)的含量测定方法是:取适量提取液,减压蒸干后,精密加入50ml 70%乙醇,称重,超声提取30min;放至室温,称重,用70%乙醇补足重量,滤过,取续滤液25mL,滤液蒸干,残渣加20mL水溶解,用乙醚振摇萃取三次,每次20mL,弃去醚液;水液用水饱和正丁醇萃取4次,每次20mL,合并正丁醇液,用氨试液洗涤4次,每次20mL,弃去氨试液;用正丁醇饱和的水洗涤2次,每次20mL,弃去水液;正丁醇层减压回收溶剂至干,残渣加甲醇溶解,定容至5mL;临用前摇匀,滤过,取续滤液作为供试品溶液;以高效液相色谱法进行检测,流动相条件为:以乙腈-水梯度洗脱--乙腈比例:0~35min,19%;35~55min,19%~29%;55~70min,29%;70~100min,29%~40%。流速为1mL/min,室温,检测波长为203nm。
实施例1:和胃颗粒中有效成分含量测定——共煎煮制备工艺及分步煎煮制备工艺(本发明)对比
(一)实验方法
共制备两份和胃颗粒,分别以共煎煮及分步煎煮(本发明)的方式制备,每份含有72g法半夏,80g生姜,4g黄连,40g黄芩,20g人参,20g甘草,及60g大枣。
1.1药材提取:共煎煮工艺
将所有药材混合,并加入10倍量的水(g:mL),共进行加热回流提取1次,每次1h。合并提取液,在50℃下减压浓缩至1.3g/mL并干燥为浸膏粉。将浸膏粉与糊精以8:1比例混合,干法制粒即得。
1.2药材提取:分步煎煮(本发明)
(A)生姜榨汁,过滤,并将生姜汁以β-环糊精包合(10:100,g:mL),在50℃下搅拌包合1h后静置,过滤,干燥,得到生姜包合物和生姜渣(阴干)备用。
(B)黄连单独加入10倍量的水(g:mL),加热回流提取1次,每次1h,得到黄连提取液。
(C)法半夏、人参、炙甘草、大枣与生姜渣混合,加入10倍量的水(g:mL)加热回流提取,加热至快沸腾时,加入黄芩,共提取1次,每次1h,得到其余药材提取液。
(D)合并(B)(C)提取液,在50℃下减压浓缩至1.3g/mL并干燥为浸膏粉。
(E)将生姜包合物和浸膏粉和适量糊精混合,使浸膏粉与糊精重量比为8:1,干法制粒即得。
1.3有效成分的含量测定
取1.1、1.2中制剂适量,并分别测定其中6-姜酚、甘草酸铵、黄芩苷、盐酸小檗碱的含量。
(二)实验结果
通过检测共煎煮工艺及分步煎煮工艺(本发明)所制备和胃颗粒制剂中6-姜酚、甘草酸铵、盐酸小檗碱的含量发现,两种工艺所得和胃颗粒的6-姜酚、甘草酸铵含量基本相同,但共煎煮所得和胃颗粒的盐酸小檗碱、黄芩苷含量明显较低(附表1-1)。这可能是由于黄连、黄芩在共煎煮时,两种成分混合并形成沉淀导致的,而经过优化后分步提取的新工艺能够显著提高这两种成分的含量。附表1-1和胃颗粒的有效成分含量测定结果:共煎煮工艺及分步煎煮工艺(新)
(三)结论
与传统的共煎煮工艺相比,分步煎煮工艺能够显著提高和胃颗粒中黄芩苷和盐酸小檗碱的含量。
实施例2:步骤A——生姜汁包合的工艺筛选
(一)实验方法
1.1生姜汁与β-环糊精的包合比例筛选
取生姜10kg,采用小型实验用榨汁机榨取生姜汁,将所得到的生姜汁抽滤,滤去生姜残屑及生姜淀粉得到生姜汁,搅匀后备用。取5份生姜汁,每份500mL,并分别以1:100、2:100、7.5:100、15:100、20:100的比例(β-环糊精g:生姜汁mL)与β-环糊精进行包合,在50℃下搅拌包合1h后静置,过滤,干燥,得到生姜包合物用于计算包合物收率。其中,包合物的收率的测定方法参考《药典》四部通则2204挥发油测定法甲法。
包合物收率=[干包合物重量/(环糊精重量+挥发油重量)]*100%
1.2生姜汁包和的最佳温度筛选
对上述包合物进行测定,并得到最佳包和比例范围(见附表1-1)。取生姜汁5份,每份500mL并以X姜汁:100的比例与β-环糊精混合(X姜汁:100为姜汁最佳包合比例范围的中间值),将5份混合物分别在30℃、40℃、50℃、60℃及70℃下搅拌包合1h后静置,过滤,干燥,得到生姜包合物用于计算包合物收率。
1.3生姜汁包和的最佳时间筛选
对上述包合物进行测定,并得到最佳包和温度范围(见附表2-2)。取生姜汁5份,每份500mL并以X姜汁:100的比例与β-环糊精混合(X姜汁:100为姜汁最佳包合比例范围的中间值),将5份混合物分别在T姜汁℃下搅拌包合0.25h、0.5h、1.25h、2h、2.5h后静置,过滤,干燥,得到生姜包合物用于计算包合物收率(T姜汁℃为姜汁包合最佳温度范围的中间值)。
(二)实验结果
由附表2-1可见,在相同包合温度、时间条件下,当包合比例为2:100~15:100时,包合物收率在55%以上,因此判断β-环糊精(g)与生姜汁比例为2:100~15:100时包合效果较好,并取最优比例范围的中间值8:100进行包合温度、时间的筛选。
附表2-1.生姜汁与β-环糊精的最佳包和比例筛选结果
由附表2-2可见,在相同包合比例、时间条件下,当包合温度为40℃~60℃时,包合物收率在60%以上,因此判断包合温度为40℃~60℃时包合效果较好,并取最优比例范围的中间值50℃进行包合时间的筛选。
附表2-2.生姜汁与β-环糊精的最佳包和温度筛选结果
由附表2-3可见,在相同包合比例、温度条件下,当包合时间为0.5h~2.0h时,包合物收率在65%以上,因此判断包合时间为0.5h~2.0h时包合效果较好。
附表2-3.生姜汁与β-环糊精的最佳包和时间筛选结果
(三)结论
通过工艺筛选,确定A步骤生姜汁包合的最佳工艺为:生姜汁用β-环糊精包合(β-环糊精:生姜汁比例为2:100~15:100,g:mL),在40~60℃下搅拌包合0.5~2h后静置,过滤,干燥,得到生姜包合物和生姜渣(阴干)备用。
实施例3:步骤B——黄连以水加热回流提取的工艺筛选
(一)实验方法
1.1黄连提取的最佳溶剂(水)倍量筛选
称取黄连5份,每份100g,分别加入4倍、8倍、16倍、24倍、32倍体积的水(g:mL),加热回流提取1h,共提取1次,并以提取液测定黄连中盐酸小檗碱的含量。
1.2黄连提取的最佳提取时间筛选
对上述提取液进行测定,并得到最佳水倍量范围(见附表3-1)。称取黄连5份,每份100g,并加入X黄连倍量的水(X黄连为黄连提取最佳溶剂倍量范围的中间值),分别提取0.25h、0.5h、1.25h、2h、2.5h后,共提取1次,并以提取液测定黄连中盐酸小檗碱的含量。
1.3黄连提取的最佳提取次数筛选
对上述提取进行测定,并得到最佳提取时间范围(见附表3-2)。称取黄连5份,每份100g,并加入X黄连倍量的水(X黄连为黄连提取最佳溶剂倍量范围的中间值),加热回流提取t黄连h(t黄连h为黄连最佳提取时间范围的中间值),并分别提取1次、2次、3次、4次及5次,分别合并提取液并测定黄连中盐酸小檗碱的含量。
(二)实验结果
由附表3-1可见,提取相同时间及次数时,当溶剂倍量为黄连重量的8~24倍(g:mL)时,小檗碱含量在25mg/g以上,因此判断加入8~24倍量的水较利于黄连中盐酸小檗碱的提取,并取最优范围的中间值16倍量进行提取时间、次数的筛选。
附表3-1.黄连提取的最佳溶剂(水)倍量筛选结果
由附表3-2可见,当加水倍量及提取次数相同时,当提取时间为0.5h~2.0h时,小檗碱含量在27mg/g以上,因此判断取时间为0.5h~2.0h时提取效果较好,并取最优提取时间范围的中间值1.25h进行提取次数的筛选。
附表3-2.黄连提取的最佳时间筛选结果
由附表3-3可见,在相同加水倍量、提取时间条件下,提取1~3次小檗碱含量无明显差异,而当提取次数超过3次时,小檗碱含量无升高趋势,因此判断提取次数为1~3次较为适宜。
附表3-3.黄连提取的最佳次数筛选结果
(三)结论
通过工艺筛选,确定B步骤黄连水提取的最佳工艺为:黄连单独加入8~24倍量的水(g:mL),加热回流提取1~3次,每次0.5~2h,得到黄连提取液。
实施例4:步骤C——其余药材的提取工艺筛选
(一)实验方法
1.1其余药材的最佳提取溶剂(水)倍量筛选
称取5份药材,每份包括每份含有72g法半夏,40g黄芩,20g人参,20g甘草,60g大枣及生姜渣。生姜渣按照80g生姜当量称量,出汁率以70%计。将药材混合,并分别加入4、8、16、24及32倍量水(g:mL),加热回流提取0.5h(加热至快沸腾时加入黄芩),共提取1次,并测定提取液中人参总皂苷(Rb1,Rg1,Re)及总多糖的含量。
1.2其余药材的最佳提取时间筛选
对上述提取液进行测定,并得到最佳提取溶剂倍量范围(见附表4-1)。称取5份药材,每份包括72g法半夏,40g黄芩,20g人参,20g甘草,60g大枣及生姜渣。生姜渣按照80g生姜当量称量,出汁率以70%计。将5份药材分别与X其他药材倍量的水混合(X其他药材为其他药材最佳提取溶剂倍量范围的中间值,加热至快沸腾时加入黄芩),共提取1次,每次分别提取0.25h、0.5h、1.25h、2h、2.5h,得到其余药材提取液,并测定提取液中人参总皂苷(Rb1,Rg1,Re)及总多糖的含量。
1.3其余药材的最佳提取次数筛选
对上述提取进行测定,并得到最佳提取时间范围(见附表4-2)。称取5份药材,每份包括72g法半夏,40g黄芩,20g人参,20g甘草,60g大枣及生姜渣。生姜渣按照80g生姜当量称量,出汁率以70%计。将每份药材与入X其他药材倍量的水(X其他药材为其他药材最佳提取溶剂倍量范围的中间值,加热至快沸腾时加入黄芩),加热回流提取t其他药材h(t其他药材为其他药材最佳提取时间范围的中间值),并分别提取1次、2次、3次、4次及5次,分别合并提取液并测定提取液中人参总皂苷(Rb1,Rg1,Re)及总多糖的含量。
(二)实验结果
由附表4-1可见,提取相同时间及次数时,当溶剂倍量为其他药材总重量的8倍以上(g:mL)时,人参总皂苷含量在110mg以上,总多糖含量在15mg以上,结合实验耗时及成本考虑,判断加入8~16倍量的水较利于其他药材的提取,并取最优范围的中间值12倍量进行提取时间、次数的筛选。
附表4-1.其他药材提取的最佳溶剂(水)倍量筛选结果
由附表4-2可见,当加水倍量及提取次数相同时,当提取时间为0.5h以上时,人参总皂苷含量在115mg以上,总多糖含量在20g以上,结合实验耗时及成本考虑,判断提取时间为0.5h~2.0h时提取效果较好,并取最优提取时间范围的中间值1.25h进行提取次数的筛选。
附表4-2.其他药材提取的最佳时间筛选结果
由附表4-3可见,在相同加水倍量、提取时间条件下,提取1~3次时人参总皂苷及总多糖含量无明显差异,而当提取次数超过3次时,人参总皂苷、总多糖含量无升高趋势,因此判断提取次数为1~3次较为适宜。
附表4-3.其他药材提取的最佳次数筛选结果
(三)结论
通过工艺筛选,确定C步骤其他药材水提取的最佳工艺为:法半夏、人参、炙甘草、大枣与生姜渣混合,加入8~16倍量的水(g:mL)加热回流提取,加热至快沸腾时,加入黄芩,共提取1~3次,每次0.5~2h,得到其余药材提取液。
实施例5:步骤E——制剂工艺筛选
(一)实验方法:辅料(糊精)的最佳用量考察
将实例3~实例4中所得黄连提取液、其他药材提取液按照份数比例混合并并浓缩至1.1g/mL,喷雾干燥得到浸膏粉,并按照份数与实例1中的生姜包合物混合均匀(按照72g法半夏,80g生姜,4g黄连,40g黄芩,20g人参,20g甘草,及60g大枣的份数比例混合)。取5份混合物,每份500g,并将其分别与2:1、3:1、6:1、8:1、10:1的比例(混合物:糊精,g:g)混合均匀,并测定成品的成型率和吸湿率。
其中,成型率的测定的方法是:成型率测定:取制得的颗粒,称重,依次通过一号筛和五号筛,并按照下述公式(成型率)进行计算即得。
其中,吸湿性测定的方法是:取制得的颗粒,干燥至恒重备用。取干燥器,加入饱和氯化钠溶液,使相对湿度(RH)为75%。在已恒重的称量瓶中放入2g样品,精确称定,置干燥器内,恒温25℃,24h后称重,按照下述公式(吸湿率)计算即得。
成型率=通过一号筛但不能通过五号筛的颗粒重量/颗粒重量×100%
吸湿率=(吸湿后重量—吸湿前重量)/吸湿前重量×100%
(二)实验结果
由附表5-1可见,浸膏粉与糊精重量比为3:1~8:1时,成型率在96%以上,吸湿率在21%以下,因此判断浸膏粉与糊精重量比为3:1~8:1时得到和胃颗粒质量较好。
附表5-1.其他药材提取的最佳次数筛选结果
(三)结论
通过工艺筛选,确定E步骤和胃颗粒干法制粒工艺为:将生姜包合物、适量糊精和浸膏粉混合均匀,浸膏粉:糊精重量比为3:1~8:1,干法制粒即得。
Claims (2)
1.和胃颗粒的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
所述的和胃颗粒由以下重量份数的原料制备而成:法半夏9~27份,生姜6~20份,黄连1~5份,黄芩3~10份,人参5~15份,甘草3~15份,大枣5~18份;
A.生姜榨汁,过滤,并将生姜汁用β-环糊精包合,β-环糊精:生姜汁以g:mL计,比例为2:100~15:100,包合温度为40~60℃,包合时间0.5~2h,得到生姜包合物和生姜渣备用;
B.黄连单独加入水,加水量为黄连重量的8~24倍量,以g:mL计,加热回流提取1~3次,每次0.5~2h得到黄连提取液;
C.法半夏、人参、炙甘草、大枣与生姜渣混合,加入水加热回流提取,加热至快沸腾时,加入黄芩,提取,加水量为法半夏、人参、炙甘草、大枣与生姜渣总和的8~16倍量的水,以g:mL计;提取次数为1~3次,每次提取0.5~2h,得到其余药材提取液;
D.将黄连提取液和其余药材提取液混合浓缩至密度1~1.3g/mL,40℃,喷雾干燥得到浸膏粉;
E.将生姜包合物和浸膏粉、混合,并加糊精和浸膏粉混合均匀,以生姜6~12份计,浸膏粉-生姜包合物混合物:糊精重量比为3:1~8:1,即得所述和胃颗粒。
2.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤D中喷雾干燥的进风口温度130-150℃,泵流速为300~500mL/h。
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