CN110996663A - 包含l-固杀草或其盐和至少一种原卟啉原-ix氧化酶抑制剂的除草混合物 - Google Patents
包含l-固杀草或其盐和至少一种原卟啉原-ix氧化酶抑制剂的除草混合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明是关于包含L‑固杀草或其盐及至少一种原卟啉原‑IX氧化酶抑制剂的除草混合物。本发明另外是关于一种用于在灭生计划中、工业植被管理及林业中、蔬菜及多年生作物中以及草皮及草坪中控制不合需要的植被的方法。
Description
本发明是关于包含L-固杀草或其盐及至少一种原卟啉原-IX氧化酶抑制剂(protoporphyrinogen-IX oxidase inhibitor)的除草混合物。本发明另外是关于一种用于在灭生计划中、工业植被管理及林业中、蔬菜及多年生作物中以及草皮及草坪中控制不合需要的植被的方法。
灭生,即在作物种植或出苗之前通过施用除草剂完全移除土壤中的杂草,是现代杂草管理的重要手段。在种植处存在的杂草一般要比作物植物生长快得多,且因此在生长季极早期产生竞争,由此损害作物植物并降低作物产量。因此,希望在无杂草的苗床中种植作物或在作物出苗时确保基本上无杂草存在。灭生亦可能需要对休闲耕地进行杂草控制。
在工业杂草管理及林业中,需要控制大量杂草一段较长时间。亦可能需要控制大型杂草,或较高物种如灌木或树木。工业杂草管理包括例如铁路及路权管理、栅栏线及非农耕地如工业及建筑用地、砾石区域、道路或人行道。林业包括例如现有森林或灌木丛的清理、机械森林采伐之后再生长的移除或林业种植园下的杂草管理。在后一情况下,可能需要防护所需树木接触含有根据本发明的除草混合物的喷雾溶液。
蔬菜作物包括例如茄、菜豆类、甜椒、甘蓝菜、红辣椒、胡瓜、茄子、莴苣、瓜、洋葱、马铃薯、甘薯、菠菜及西红柿。对于蔬菜作物中的杂草控制,可能需要防护作物接触含有根据本发明的除草混合物的喷雾溶液。
多年生作物包括树木、坚果及藤本作物,如杏仁、苹果、杏、鳄梨、腰果、樱桃、圣诞树、榴莲、橙、火龙果、葡萄、番石榴、龙眼、芒果、橄榄、番木瓜、桃、梨及其他仁果类水果、开心果、李树、石榴、柚及温桲,以及柑橘类作物,包括例如克莱门式小柑橘(clementine)、葡萄柚、柠檬、酸橙、蜜柑及油桃;以及坚果作物,包括例如榛子、澳洲坚果及胡桃;及种植园作物,如香蕉、可可、椰子、咖啡、油棕、胡椒及其他香辛料、车前草、橡胶、甘蔗及茶叶。亦包括观赏性植物,如杜鹃花、高山杜鹃(rhododendron)、玫瑰及苗圃。对于多年生作物中的杂草控制,可能需要防护作物接触含有根据本发明的除草混合物的喷雾溶液。
根据本发明的组合物亦可用于草皮及草坪中的杂草控制,只要所需禾草物种耐受除草混合物。详言的,此类混合物可以用于通过突变诱发或基因工程改造而对固杀草呈现耐受性的所需禾草中。
固杀草及其盐是针对多种杂草具有良好出苗后活性的非选择性内吸性除草剂且因此可以用于灭生计划中、工业植被管理及林业中、蔬菜及多年生作物中以及草皮及草坪中。然而,仅施用固杀草通常得到不能令人满意的杂草控制,且通常需要若干次施用和/或高剂量率。另外,固杀草针对一些杂草的有效性不够充分。
因此,常常推荐施用固杀草与至少一种其他除草剂的组合。不过,此类组合的有效性通常不能令人满意且实现可接受的杂草控制仍需要高施用量。另外,此类组合的可靠性及持久性在很大程度上取决于气候条件且可以避开控制杂草物种的某些困难。此外,这些混合物的除草活性仅持续较短时间,使得仅在种植作物之前的较短时间范围内实现有效灭生。
因此,本发明的目的是提供一种除草混合物,其允许在灭生计划中、工业植被管理及林业中、蔬菜及多年生作物中以及草皮及草坪中高效且可靠地控制禾草及阔叶杂草。另外,该混合物的除草活性的持久性应当足够长,以便在足够长的时间段内实现杂草控制,由此允许更灵活地施用。该混合物亦应对人类或其他哺乳动物具有较低毒性。该混合物亦应对有害植物显示加速的作用,即,相较于施用个别除草剂,其应更迅速地实现有害植物的损害。
固杀草是两种对映异构体的外消旋物,其中仅一种显示出足够除草活性(参见例如US 4265654及JP92448/83)。尽管已知制备L-固杀草(及相应盐)的各种方法,但此项技术中已知的混合物并不指向该立体化学,意味着存在外消旋物(例如WO 2003024221、WO2011104213、WO 2016113334、WO 2009141367)。
意外地是,已发现相较于单独L-固杀草,L-固杀草或其盐与至少一种原卟啉原-IX氧化酶抑制剂的混合物在灭生计划中、工业植被管理及林业中、蔬菜及多年生作物中以及草皮及草坪中显示出较高活性。
意外地是,已发现相较于外消旋固杀草与至少一种原卟啉原-IX氧化酶抑制剂的混合物,L-固杀草或其盐与至少一种原卟啉原-IX氧化酶抑制剂的混合物在灭生计划中、工业植被管理及林业中、蔬菜及多年生作物中以及草皮及草坪中显示出较高活性。
因此,本发明是关于以下各物的除草混合物:
1)作为化合物I的L-固杀草或其盐及
2)作为化合物II的至少一种原卟啉原-IX氧化酶抑制剂,其优选选自:三氟羧草醚(acifluorfen)、三氟羧草醚钠、草芬定(azafenidin)、苯卡巴腙(bencarbazone)、双苯嘧草酮(benzfendizone)、必芬诺(bifenox)、氟丙嘧草酯(butafenacil)、克繁草(carfentrazone)、乙基克繁草(carfentrazone-ethyl)、克灭甲分(chlormethoxyfen)、吲哚酮草酯(cinidon-ethyl)、异丙吡草酯(fluazolate)、氟哒嗪草酸(flufenpyr)、氟哒嗪草酯(flufenpyr-ethyl)、氟烯草酸(flumiclorac)、氟胺草酯(flumiclorac-pentyl)、丙炔氟草胺(flumioxazin)、乙羧氟草醚(fluoroglycofen)、乙基乙羧氟草醚(fluoroglycofen-ethyl)、嗪草酸(fluthiacet)、嗪草酸甲酯(fluthiacet-methyl)、氟磺胺草醚(fomesafen)、氟硝磺酰胺(halosafen)、乳氟禾草灵(lactofen)、丙炔草酮(oxadiargyl)、草酮(oxadiazon)、乙氧氟草醚(oxyfluorfen)、环戊草酮(pentoxazone)、氟唑草胺(profluazol)、双唑草腈(pyraclonil)、氯吡草酸(pyraflufen)、吡草醚、苯嘧磺草胺(saflufenacil)、甲磺草胺(sulfentrazone)、噻二唑胺(thidiazimin)、替艾芬斯(tiafenacil)、三氟草嗪(trifludimoxazin)、II-16:[3-[2-氯-4-氟-5-(1-甲基-6-三氟甲基-2,4-二侧氧基-1,2,3,4-四氢嘧啶-3-基)苯氧基]-2-吡啶基氧基]乙酸乙酯(CAS 353292-31-6)、N-乙基-3-(2,6-二氯-4-三氟-甲基苯氧基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-1-甲酰胺(CAS 452098-92-9)、N四氢糠基-3-(2,6-二氯-4-三氟甲基苯氧基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-1-甲酰胺(CAS 915396-43-9)、N-乙基-3-(2-氯-6-氟-4-三氟甲基苯氧基)-5甲基-1H-吡唑-1-甲酰胺(CAS 452099-05-7)、N四氢糠基-3-(2-氯-6-氟-4-三氟甲基苯氧基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-1-甲酰胺(CAS 452100-03-7)、3-[7-氟-3-侧氧基-4-(丙-2-炔基)-3,4-二氢-2H-苯并[1,4]嗪-6-基]-1,5-二甲基-6硫酮基-[1,3,5]三嗪烷-2,4-二酮(CAS 451484-50-7)、2-(2,2,7-三氟-3-侧氧基-4-丙-2-炔基-3,4-二氢-2H-苯并[1,4]嗪-6-基)-4,5,6,7-四氢-异吲哚-1,3-二酮(CAS 1300118-96-0)、1-甲基-6-三氟甲基-3-(2,2,7-三氟-3-侧氧基-4-丙-2-炔基-3,4-二氢-2H-苯并[1,4]嗪-6-基)-1H-嘧啶-2,4-二酮(CAS 1304113-05-0)及(E)-4-[2-氯-5[4-氯-5-(二氟甲氧基)-1H-甲基-吡唑-3-基]-4-氟-苯氧基]-3-甲氧基-丁-2烯酸甲酯(CAS 948893-00-3)及3-[7-氯-5-氟-2-(三氟甲基)-1H-苯并咪唑-4-基]-1-甲基-6-(三氟甲基)-1H-嘧啶-2,4-二酮(CAS 212754-02-4)、II-17:2-[2-氯-5-[3-氯-5-(三氟甲基)-2-吡啶基]-4-氟苯氧基]-2-甲氧基-乙酸甲酯(CAS 1970221-16-9)、II-18:2-[[3-[[3-氯-6-[3,6-二氢-3-甲基-2,6-二侧氧基-4-(三氟甲基)-1(2H)-嘧啶基]-5-氟-2-吡啶基]氧基]-2-吡啶基]氧基]-N-(甲基磺酰基)-乙酰胺(CAS 2158276-22-1)、II-19:2-[[3-[[3-氯-6-[3,6-二氢-3-甲基-2,6-二侧氧基-4-(三氟甲基)-1(2H)-嘧啶基]-5-氟-2-吡啶基]氧基]-2-吡啶基]氧基]-乙酸乙酯(CAS 2158274-56-5)、II-20:2-[2-[[3-氯-6-[3,6-二氢-3-甲基-2,6-二侧氧基-4-(三氟甲基)-1(2H)-嘧啶基]-5-氟-2-吡啶基]氧基]苯氧基]-N-(甲基磺酰基)-乙酰胺(CAS 2158274-53-2)、II-21:2-[2-[[3-氯-6-[3,6-二氢-3-甲基-2,6-二侧氧基-4-(三氟甲基)-1(2H)-嘧啶基]-5-氟-2-吡啶基]氧基]苯氧基]-乙酸乙酯(CAS 2158274-50-9)、II-22:2-[[3-[2-氯-5-[4-(二氟甲基)-3-甲基-5-侧氧基-1,2,4-三唑-1-基]-4-氟-苯氧基]-2-吡啶基]氧基]乙酸乙酯、II-23:2-[[3-[[3-氯-6-[3,6-二氢-3-甲基-2,6-二侧氧基-4-(三氟甲基)-1(2H)-嘧啶基]-5-氟-2-吡啶基]氧基]-2-吡啶基]氧基]-乙酸甲酯(CAS 2158275-73-9)、II-24:2-[2-[[3-氯-6-[3,6-二氢-3-甲基-2,6-二侧氧基-4-(三氟甲基)-1(2H)-嘧啶基]-5-氟-2-吡啶基]氧基]苯氧基]-乙酸甲酯(CAS 2158274-96-3);II-25:2-[[3-[2-氯-5-[4-(二氟甲基)-3-甲基-5-侧氧基-1,2,4-三唑-1-基]-4-氟-苯氧基]-2-吡啶基]氧基]乙酸甲酯。
在一个优选实施方案中,上述发明是关于如上文所描述的除草混合物,其中L-固杀草包含超过70重量%的L-对映异构体。
固杀草[通用名称DL-4-[羟基(甲基)膦酰基]-DL-高丙胺酸酯]及其盐如固杀草铵,以及其除草活性例如描述于F.Schwerdtle等人,Z.Pflanzenkr.Pflanzenschutz,1981,Sonderheft IX,第431-440页。呈外消旋物形式的固杀草及其盐可例如自BayerCropScience以商标名BastaTM及LibertyTM购得。
如本发明中所用,L-固杀草包含超过70重量%的L-对映异构体;优选超过80重量%的L-对映异构体;更优选超过90%的L-对映异构体,最优选超过95%的L-对映异构体且可以如以上所述来制备。L-固杀草可根据此项技术中已知的方法,例如WO2006/104120、US5530142、EP0127429及J.Chem.Soc.Perkin Trans.1,1992,1525-1529中所描述来制备。
L-固杀草,又称为固杀草-P,是(2S)-2-胺基-4-[羟基(甲基)膦酰基]丁酸(CAS登记号35597-44-5)。L-固杀草的相关盐是L-固杀草铵(又称为固杀草-P-铵),即(2S)-2-胺基-4-(甲基亚膦酸基)丁酸铵(CAS登记号73777-50-1);L-固杀草钠(又称为固杀草-P-钠),即(2S)-2-胺基-4-(甲基亚膦酸基)丁酸钠(CAS登记号70033-13-5);及L-固杀草钾(又称为固杀草-P-钾),即(2S)-2-胺基-4-(甲基亚膦酸基)丁酸钾。
化合物II以及其杀虫作用及其制造方法是大体上已知的,例如见于PesticideManual V5.2(ISBN 9781901396850)(2008-2011)等来源。化合物II-16自EP 1122244已知。化合物II-17自WO2016/120116已知。化合物II-18、II-19、II-20、II-21、II-23及II-24自WO2017/202768已知。化合物II-22及II-25自WO2018/108695已知。
在本发明混合物中,化合物I与化合物II的重量比优选为1000:1至1:500、400:1至1:40,更优选为500:1至1:250,尤其为200:1至1:20,甚至更优选为100:1至1:10,最优选为50:1至1:5。
另外,含有呈L-固杀草盐形式的L-固杀草铵或L-固杀草钠及呈游离酸形式的L-固杀草的混合物优选。含有呈L-固杀草盐形式的L-固杀草铵的混合物尤其优选。
在一个实施方案中,本发明是关于以下各物的除草混合物
1)作为化合物I的L-固杀草或其盐(优选为L-固杀草铵、L-固杀草钠或L-固杀草游离酸)及
2)作为化合物II的至少一种原卟啉原-IX氧化酶抑制剂,其优选选自:三氟羧草醚、三氟羧草醚钠、草芬定、苯卡巴腙、双苯嘧草酮、必芬诺、氟丙嘧草酯、克繁草、乙基克繁草、克灭甲分、吲哚酮草酯、异丙吡草酯、氟哒嗪草酸、氟哒嗪草酯、氟烯草酸、氟胺草酯、丙炔氟草胺、乙羧氟草醚、乙基乙羧氟草醚、嗪草酸、嗪草酸甲酯、氟磺胺草醚、氟硝磺酰胺、乳氟禾草灵、丙炔草酮、草酮、乙氧氟草醚、环戊草酮、氟唑草胺、双唑草腈、氯吡草酸、吡草醚、苯嘧磺草胺、甲磺草胺、噻二唑胺、替艾芬斯、三氟草嗪、[3-[2-氯-4-氟-5-(1-甲基-6-三氟甲基-2,4-二侧氧基-1,2,3,4-四氢嘧啶-3-基)苯氧基]-2-吡啶基氧基]乙酸乙酯(CAS 353292-31-6)、N-乙基-3-(2,6-二氯-4-三氟-甲基苯氧基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-1-甲酰胺(CAS 452098-92-9)、N四氢糠基-3-(2,6-二氯-4-三氟甲基苯氧基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-1-甲酰胺(CAS 915396-43-9)、N-乙基-3-(2-氯-6-氟-4-三氟甲基苯氧基)-5甲基-1H-吡唑-1-甲酰胺(CAS 452099-05-7)、N四氢糠基-3-(2-氯-6-氟-4-三氟甲基苯氧基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-1-甲酰胺(CAS 452100-03-7)、3-[7-氟-3-侧氧基-4-(丙-2-炔基)-3,4-二氢-2H-苯并[1,4]嗪-6-基]-1,5-二甲基-6硫酮基-[1,3,5]三嗪烷-2,4-二酮(CAS 451484-50-7)、2-(2,2,7-三氟-3-侧氧基-4-丙-2-炔基-3,4-二氢-2H-苯并[1,4]嗪-6-基)-4,5,6,7-四氢-异吲哚-1,3-二酮(CAS 1300118-96-0)、1-甲基-6-三氟甲基-3-(2,2,7-三氟-3-侧氧基-4-丙-2-炔基-3,4-二氢-2H-苯并[1,4]嗪-6-基)-1H-嘧啶-2,4-二酮(CAS1304113-05-0)及(E)-4-[2-氯-5[4-氯-5-(二氟甲氧基)-1H-甲基-吡唑-3-基]-4-氟-苯氧基]-3-甲氧基-丁-2烯酸甲酯(CAS 948893-00-3)以及3-[7-氯-5-氟-2-(三氟甲基)-1H-苯并咪唑-4-基]-1-甲基-6-(三氟甲基)-1H-嘧啶-2,4-二酮(CAS 212754-02-4)。
在一个实施方案中,本发明是关于以下各物的除草混合物
1)作为化合物I的L-固杀草或其盐及
2)作为化合物II的至少一种原卟啉原-IX氧化酶抑制剂,其优选选自以下的群:化合物II-17、II-18、II-19、II-20、II-21、II-22、II-23、II-24及II-25。
优选的化合物II为克繁草、乙基克繁草、氟磺胺草醚、乙氧氟草醚、苯嘧磺草胺、甲磺草胺、嗪草酸、嗪草酸甲酯、氟丙嘧草酯、氯吡草酸及吡草醚。更优选的化合物II为克繁草、乙基克繁草、氟磺胺草醚、乙氧氟草醚、苯嘧磺草胺、甲磺草胺、嗪草酸、嗪草酸甲酯、氟丙嘧草酯、环戊草酮、替艾芬斯、三氟草嗪、II-16:[3-[2-氯-4-氟-5-(1-甲基-6-三氟甲基-2,4-二侧氧基-1,2,3,4-四氢嘧啶-3-基)苯氧基]-2-吡啶基氧基]乙酸乙酯(CAS353292-31-6;S-3100)、化合物II-17、II-18、II-19、II-20、II-21、II-22、II-23、II-24、II-25、氯吡草酸及吡草醚。
更优选的化合物II为克繁草、乙基克繁草、氟磺胺草醚、乙氧氟草醚、苯嘧磺草胺及甲磺草胺。又更优选的化合物II为克繁草、乙基克繁草、氟磺胺草醚、乙氧氟草醚、苯嘧磺草胺、环戊草酮、替艾芬斯、三氟草嗪、II-16:[3-[2-氯-4-氟-5-(1-甲基-6-三氟甲基-2,4-二侧氧基-1,2,3,4-四氢嘧啶-3-基)苯氧基]-2-吡啶基氧基]乙酸乙酯、化合物II-17、II-18、II-19、II-20、II-21、II-22、II-23、II-24、II-25及甲磺草胺。
因此,优选的本发明的混合物是呈L-固杀草盐形式的L-固杀草铵或L-固杀草钠及呈游离酸形式的L-固杀草与原卟啉原-IX氧化酶抑制剂的混合物,该原卟啉原-IX氧化酶抑制剂选自:克繁草、乙基克繁草、氟磺胺草醚、乙氧氟草醚、苯嘧磺草胺、甲磺草胺、嗪草酸、嗪草酸甲酯、氟丙嘧草酯、氯吡草酸及吡草醚。更优选的本发明的混合物是呈L-固杀草盐形式的L-固杀草铵或L-固杀草钠及呈游离酸形式的L-固杀草与原卟啉原-IX氧化酶抑制剂的混合物,该原卟啉原-IX氧化酶抑制剂选自:克繁草、乙基克繁草、氟磺胺草醚、乙氧氟草醚、苯嘧磺草胺、甲磺草胺、嗪草酸、嗪草酸甲酯、氟丙嘧草酯、环戊草酮、替艾芬斯、三氟草嗪、II-16:[3-[2-氯-4-氟-5-(1-甲基-6-三氟甲基-2,4-二侧氧基-1,2,3,4-四氢嘧啶-3-基)苯氧基]-2-吡啶基氧基]乙酸乙酯、化合物II-17、II-18、II-19、II-20、II-21、II-22、II-23、II-24、II-25、氯吡草酸及吡草醚。
甚至更优选的本发明的混合物是呈L-固杀草盐形式的L-固杀草铵或L-固杀草钠及呈游离酸形式的L-固杀草与原卟啉原-IX氧化酶抑制剂的混合物,该原卟啉原-IX氧化酶抑制剂选自:苯嘧磺草胺、甲磺草胺、环戊草酮、替艾芬斯、三氟草嗪及化合物II-16:[3-[2-氯-4-氟-5-(1-甲基-6-三氟甲基-2,4-二侧氧基-1,2,3,4-四氢嘧啶-3-基)苯氧基]-2-吡啶基氧基]乙酸乙酯。
甚至更优选的本发明的混合物是呈L-固杀草盐形式的L-固杀草铵或L-固杀草钠及呈游离酸形式的L-固杀草与原卟啉原-IX氧化酶抑制剂的混合物,该原卟啉原-IX氧化酶抑制剂选自:苯嘧磺草胺、三氟草嗪、化合物II-16:[3-[2-氯-4-氟-5-(1-甲基-6-三氟甲基-2,4-二侧氧基-1,2,3,4-四氢嘧啶-3-基)苯氧基]-2-吡啶基氧基]乙酸乙酯及甲磺草胺,特别是选自苯嘧磺草胺、三氟草嗪及化合物II-16。
所有优选混合物均列于表2中,其中在表1中使用以下缩写:
表1
II-16:[3-[2-氯-4-氟-5-(1-甲基-6-三氟甲基-2,4-二侧氧基-1,2,3,4-四氢嘧啶-3-基)苯氧基]-2-吡啶基氧基]乙酸乙酯(CAS 353292-31-6;S-3100)
II-17:2-[2-氯-5-[3-氯-5-(三氟甲基)-2-吡啶基]-4-氟苯氧基]-2-甲氧基-乙酸甲酯(CAS 1970221-16-9)
II-18:2-[[3-[[3-氯-6-[3,6-二氢-3-甲基-2,6-二侧氧基-4-(三氟甲基)-1(2H)-嘧啶基]-5-氟-2-吡啶基]氧基]-2-吡啶基]氧基]-N-(甲基磺酰基)-乙酰胺(CAS2158276-22-1)
II-19:2-[[3-[[3-氯-6-[3,6-二氢-3-甲基-2,6-二侧氧基-4-(三氟甲基)-1(2H)-嘧啶基]-5-氟-2-吡啶基]氧基]-2-吡啶基]氧基]-乙酸乙酯(CAS 2158274-56-5)
II-20:2-[2-[[3-氯-6-[3,6-二氢-3-甲基-2,6-二侧氧基-4-(三氟甲基)-1(2H)-嘧啶基]-5-氟-2-吡啶基]氧基]苯氧基]-N-(甲基磺酰基)-乙酰胺(CAS 2158274-53-2)
II-21:2-[2-[[3-氯-6-[3,6-二氢-3-甲基-2,6-二侧氧基-4-(三氟甲基)-1(2H)-嘧啶基]-5-氟-2-吡啶基]氧基]苯氧基]-乙酸乙酯(CAS 2158274-50-9)
II-22:2-[[3-[2-氯-5-[4-(二氟甲基)-3-甲基-5-侧氧基-1,2,4-三唑-1-基]-4-氟-苯氧基]-2-吡啶基]氧基]乙酸乙酯
II-23:2-[[3-[[3-氯-6-[3,6-二氢-3-甲基-2,6-二侧氧基-4-(三氟甲基)-1(2H)-嘧啶基]-5-氟-2-吡啶基]氧基]-2-吡啶基]氧基]-乙酸甲酯(CAS 2158275-73-9)
II-24:2-[2-[[3-氯-6-[3,6-二氢-3-甲基-2,6-二侧氧基-4-(三氟甲基)-1(2H)-嘧啶基]-5-氟-2-吡啶基]氧基]苯氧基]-乙酸甲酯(CAS 2158274-96-3)
II-25:2-[[3-[2-氯-5-[4-(二氟甲基)-3-甲基-5-侧氧基-1,2,4-三唑-1-基]-4-氟-苯氧基]-2-吡啶基]氧基]乙酸甲酯
表2
更优选的本发明的混合物是呈L-固杀草盐形式的L-固杀草铵或L-固杀草钠及呈游离酸形式的L-固杀草与原卟啉原-IX氧化酶抑制剂的混合物,该原卟啉原-IX氧化酶抑制剂选自:克繁草、乙基克繁草、氟磺胺草醚、乙氧氟草醚、苯嘧磺草胺、甲磺草胺及环戊草酮、替艾芬斯、三氟草嗪、II-16:[3-[2-氯-4-氟-5-(1-甲基-6-三氟甲基-2,4-二侧氧基-1,2,3,4-四氢嘧啶-3-基)苯氧基]-2-吡啶基氧基]乙酸乙酯以及化合物II-17、II-18、II-19、II-20、II-21、II-22、II-23、II-24及II-25。
因此,更优选为混合物M-1、M-2、M-3、M-4、M-5、M-6、M-13、M-14、M-15、M-16、M-17、M-18、M-25、M-26、M-27、M-28、M-29及M-30。甚至更优选为混合物M-5、M-6、M-7、M-17、M-18、M-19、M-29、M-30、M-31、M-40、M-44及M-48。
所有以上提及的混合物在下文中称为“本发明混合物”。
本发明混合物可以进一步含有一或多种杀昆虫剂、杀真菌剂、除草剂。优选的混合物是包含作为化合物I的L-固杀草或其盐以及苯嘧磺草胺及三氟草嗪的混合物。
尤其优选为以下混合物:
T-1:I-1+II-5(苯嘧磺草胺)+II-15(三氟草嗪)
T-2:I-2+II-5+II-15
T-3:I-3+II-5+II-15
本发明混合物可以转化成惯用类型的农用化学混合物,例如溶液、乳液、悬浮液、粉尘、粉末、糊剂、颗粒、压片、胶囊及其混合物。混合物类型的实例为悬浮液(例如SC、OD、FS)、可乳化浓缩物(例如EC)、乳液(例如EW、EO、ES、ME)、胶囊(例如CS、ZC)、糊剂、片剂、可湿性粉末或粉尘(例如WP、SP、WS DP、DS)、压片(例如BR、TB、DT)、颗粒(例如WG、SG、GR、FG、GG、MG)、杀昆虫制品(例如LN)以及用于处理植物繁殖材料如种子的凝胶配制剂(例如GF)。此等及其他混合物类型定义于“Catalogue of pesticide formulation types andinternational coding system”,Technical Monograph,第2期,第6版,2008年5月,CropLife International中。
该混合物是以如Mollet及Grubemann,Formulation technology,Wiley VCH,Weinheim,2001;或Knowles,New developments in crop protection productformulation,Agrow Reports DS243,T&F Informa,London,2005描述的已知方式来制备。
适合助剂是溶剂、液体载剂、固体载剂或填充剂、表面活性剂、分散剂、乳化剂、湿润剂、佐剂、增溶剂、穿透增强剂、保护性胶体、粘着剂、增稠剂、保湿剂、忌避剂、引诱剂、取食刺激剂、增容剂、杀细菌剂、抗冻剂、消泡剂、着色剂、增粘剂及粘合剂。
适合溶剂及液体载剂是水及有机溶剂,如中等至高沸点的矿物油馏分,例如煤油、柴油;植物或动物起源的油;脂族烃、环状烃及芳族烃,例如甲苯、石蜡、四氢化萘、烷基化萘;醇类,例如乙醇、丙醇、丁醇、苯甲醇、环己醇;二醇类;DMSO;酮类,例如环己酮;酯类,例如乳酸酯、碳酸酯、脂肪酸酯、γ-丁内酯;脂肪酸类;膦酸酯类;胺类;酰胺类,例如N-甲基吡咯啶酮、脂肪酸二甲基酰胺类;以及其混合物。
适合固体载剂或填充剂是矿物土,例如硅酸盐、硅胶、滑石、高岭土、石灰石、石灰、白垩、粘土、白云石、硅藻土、膨润土、硫酸钙、硫酸镁、氧化镁;多醣,例如纤维素、淀粉;肥料,例如硫酸铵、磷酸铵、硝酸铵、尿素;植物来源的产品,例如谷物粗粉、树皮粗粉、木材粗粉、坚果壳粗粉;及其混合物。
适合表面活性剂是表面活性化合物,如阴离子型、阳离子型、非离子型及两性表面活性剂;嵌段聚合物;聚电解质;及其混合物。此类表面活性剂可以用作乳化剂、分散剂、增溶剂、湿润剂、穿透增强剂、保护性胶体或佐剂。表面活性剂的实例列于McCutcheon's,第1卷:Emulsifiers&Detergents,McCutcheon's Directories,Glen Rock,USA,2008(国际版或北美版)中。
适合阴离子型表面活性剂是碱金属、碱土金属或铵的磺酸盐、硫酸盐、磷酸盐、羧酸盐,及其混合物。磺酸盐的实例为烷基芳基磺酸盐、二苯基磺酸盐、α-烯烃磺酸盐、木质素磺酸盐、脂肪酸及油的磺酸盐、乙氧基化烷基酚的磺酸盐、烷氧基化芳基酚的磺酸盐、缩合萘的磺酸盐、十二烷基苯及十三烷基苯的磺酸盐、萘及烷基萘的磺酸盐、磺基琥珀酸盐或磺基琥珀酰胺酸盐。硫酸盐的实例为脂肪酸及油、乙氧基化烷基酚、醇、乙氧基化醇或脂肪酸酯的硫酸盐。磷酸盐的实例为磷酸酯。羧酸盐的实例为烷基羧酸盐,及羧化醇或烷基酚乙氧基化物。
适合非离子型表面活性剂是烷氧基化物、N-取代的脂肪酸酰胺、胺氧化物、酯、糖基表面活性剂、聚合表面活性剂及其混合物。烷氧基化物的实例为以1至50当量烷氧基化的化合物,如醇、烷基酚、胺、酰胺、芳基酚、脂肪酸或脂肪酸酯。可采用环氧乙烷和/或环氧丙烷,优选环氧乙烷进行烷氧基化。N-取代的脂肪酸酰胺的实例为脂肪酸葡糖酰胺或脂肪酸烷醇酰胺。酯的实例为脂肪酸酯、甘油酯或单酸甘油酯。糖基表面活性剂的实例为脱水山梨糖醇、乙氧基化脱水山梨糖醇、蔗糖及葡萄糖酯或烷基聚葡糖苷。聚合表面活性剂的实例为乙烯吡咯啶酮、乙烯醇或乙酸乙烯酯的均聚物或共聚物。
适合阳离子型表面活性剂是季型表面活性剂,例如具有一个或两个疏水性基团的季铵化合物,或长链一级胺的盐。适合两性表面活性剂是烷基甜菜碱及咪唑啉。适合嵌段聚合物是包含聚氧化乙烯及聚氧化丙烯嵌段的A-B或A-B-A型嵌段聚合物,或包含烷醇、聚氧化乙烯及聚氧化丙烯的A-B-C型嵌段聚合物。适合聚电解质是聚酸或聚碱。聚酸的实例为聚丙烯酸的碱金属盐或聚酸梳状聚合物。聚碱的实例为聚乙烯胺或聚伸乙胺。
适合佐剂是本身具有可忽略的杀虫活性或甚至无杀虫活性且改良本发明混合物对目标的生物效能的化合物。实例为表面活性剂、矿物油或植物油,及其他助剂。其他实例列于Knowles,Adjuvants and additives,Agrow Reports DS256,T&F Informa UK,2006,第5章中。
适合增稠剂是多醣(例如三仙胶、羧甲基纤维素)、非有机粘土(经有机改质或未经改质)、聚羧酸酯及硅酸酯。
适合杀细菌剂是溴硝丙二醇及异噻唑啉酮衍生物,如烷基异噻唑啉酮及苯并异噻唑啉酮。
适合抗冻剂为乙二醇、丙二醇、尿素及甘油。
适合消泡剂为聚硅氧烷、长链醇及脂肪酸盐。
适合着色剂(例如呈红色、蓝色或绿色)是低水溶性颜料及水溶性染料。实例为无机着色剂(例如氧化铁、氧化钛、六氰亚铁酸铁)及有机着色剂(例如茜素菁、偶氮菁及酞菁着色剂)。
适合增粘剂或粘合剂是聚乙烯吡咯啶酮、聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯酸酯、生物或合成蜡,及纤维素醚。
混合物类型及其制剂的实例为:
i)水溶性浓缩物(SL、LS)
将10-60重量%的本发明混合物及5-15重量%湿润剂(例如醇烷氧基化物)溶解于水中和/或水溶性溶剂(例如醇)(补足至100重量%)中。当用水稀释时,活性物质溶解。
ii)可分散浓缩物(DC)
将5-25重量%本发明混合物及1-10重量%分散剂(例如聚乙烯吡咯啶酮)溶解于有机溶剂(例如环己酮;补足至100重量%)中。用水稀释得到分散液。
iii)可乳化浓缩物(EC)
将15-70重量%本发明混合物及5-10重量%乳化剂(例如十二烷基苯磺酸钙及蓖麻油乙氧基化物)溶解于不溶于水的有机溶剂(例如芳族烃;补足至100重量%)中。用水稀释得到乳液。
iv)乳液(EW、EO、ES)
将5-40重量%本发明混合物及1-10重量%乳化剂(例如十二烷基苯磺酸钙及蓖麻油乙氧基化物)溶解于20-40重量%不溶于水的有机溶剂(例如芳族烃)中。藉助于乳化机器将该混合物引入水(补足至100重量%)中且制成均质乳液。用水稀释得到乳液。
v)悬浮液(SC、OD、FS)
在搅动式球磨机中,将20-60重量%本发明混合物在添加2-10重量%分散剂及湿润剂(例如木质素磺酸钠及醇乙氧基化物)、0.1-2重量%增稠剂(例如三仙胶)及水(补足至100重量%)下粉碎,得到精细活性物质悬浮液。用水稀释得到活性物质的稳定悬浮液。对于FS型混合物,添加高达40重量%粘合剂(例如聚乙烯醇)。
vi)水分散性颗粒及水溶性颗粒(WG、SG)
藉助于工业级设备(例如挤压、喷雾塔、流化床),在添加分散剂及湿润剂(例如木质素磺酸钠及醇乙氧基化物)(补足至100重量%)下,对50-80重量%本发明混合物细磨并制成水分散性或水溶性颗粒。用水稀释得到活性物质的稳定分散液或溶液。
vii)水分散性粉末及水溶性粉末(WP、SP、WS)
在添加1-5重量%分散剂(例如木质素磺酸钠)、1-3重量%湿润剂(例如醇乙氧基化物)及固体载剂(例如硅胶)(补足至100重量%)下,在转子-定子研磨机中碾磨50-80重量%本发明混合物。用水稀释得到活性物质的稳定分散液或溶液。
viii)凝胶(GW、GF)
在搅动式球磨机中,在添加3-10重量%分散剂(例如木质素磺酸钠)、1-5重量%增稠剂(例如羧甲基纤维素)及水(补足至100重量%)下,将5-25重量%本发明混合物粉碎,得到活性物质的精细悬浮液。用水稀释得到活性物质的稳定悬浮液。
ix)微乳液(ME)
将5-20重量%本发明混合物添加至5-30重量%有机溶剂共混物(例如脂肪酸二甲基酰胺及环己酮)、10-25重量%表面活性剂共混物(例如醇乙氧基化物及芳基酚乙氧基化物)及水(补足至100重量%)中。搅拌此混合物1小时以自发地产生热力学上稳定的微乳液。
x)微胶囊(CS)
将包含5-50重量%本发明混合物、0-40重量%不溶于水的有机溶剂(例如芳族烃)、2-15重量%丙烯酸是单体(例如甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸以及二丙烯酸酯或三丙烯酸酯)的油相分散于保护性胶体(例如聚乙烯醇)的水溶液中。由自由基引发剂引发的自由基聚合使得形成聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯微胶囊。或者,将包含5-50重量%根据本发明的本发明混合物、0-40重量%不溶于水的有机溶剂(例如芳族烃)及异氰酸酯单体(例如二苯基甲烷-4,4'-二异氰酸酯)的油相分散于保护性胶体(例如聚乙烯醇)的水溶液中。添加多元胺(例如己二胺)使得形成聚脲微胶囊。单体共计为1-10重量%。重量%是以总CS混合物计。
xi)可喷粉的粉末(DP、DS)
对1-10重量%本发明混合物细磨且使其与固体载剂(例如细粉状高岭土)(补足至100重量%)紧密混合。
xii)颗粒(GR、FG)
对0.5-30重量%的本发明混合物与固体载剂(例如硅酸盐;补足至100重量%)一起细磨。粒化是通过挤压、喷雾干燥或流化床实现。
xiii)超低体积液体(UL)
将1-50重量%本发明混合物溶解于有机溶剂(例如芳族烃;补足至100重量%)中。
混合物类型i)至xiii)可视情况包含其他助剂,如0.1-1重量%杀细菌剂、5-15重量%抗冻剂、0.1-1重量%消泡剂及0.1-1重量%着色剂。
由此得到的农用化学混合物一般包含以重量计在0.01与95%的间,优选在0.1与90%的间且尤其在0.5与75%的间的活性物质。所用活性物质的纯度为90%至100%,优选为95%至100%(根据NMR谱)。
出于处理植物繁殖材料、尤其种子的目的,通常采用用于种子处理的溶液(LS)、悬乳液(SE)、可流动浓缩物(FS)、用于干式处理的粉末(DS)、用于浆料处理的水分散性粉末(WS)、水溶性粉末(SS)、乳液(ES)、可乳化浓缩物(EC)及凝胶(GF)。该相关混合物在二至十倍稀释之后在即用型制剂中得到以重量计0.01至60%,优选0.1至40%的活性物质浓度。施用可在播种之前或期间进行。用于将本发明混合物及其混合物分别施用至植物繁殖材料、尤其种子上的方法包括繁殖材料的拌种、涂布、粒化、撒粉、浸泡及沿沟施用方法。优选地,通过使得不诱导出芽的方法,例如通过拌种、粒化、涂布及撒粉,分别将本发明混合物或其混合物施用至植物繁殖材料上。
本发明亦关于一种除草配制剂,其包含如本文所定义的除草活性混合物及至少一种载剂材料,包括液体和/或固体载剂材料。
可以将各种类型的油、润湿剂、佐剂、肥料或微量营养素及其他杀虫剂(例如除草剂、杀昆虫剂、杀真菌剂、生长调节剂、安全剂)添加至呈预混合物形式或适当时在即将使用之前混合(在储罐中混合)的活性物质或包含其的本发明混合物中。该试剂可以与本发明混合物以1:100至100:1,优选1:10至10:1的重量比掺合。
用户通常自预配药装置(predosage device)、背负式喷雾器、喷雾桶、喷雾飞机或灌溉是统施用根据本发明的混合物。通常,农用化学混合物用水、缓冲液和/或其他助剂处理至所需施用浓度,且由此获得即用型根据本发明的喷雾液或农用化学混合物。通常,每公项农业适用面积施用20至2000公升,优选50至400公升即用型喷雾液。
如上文所概述,本发明亦关于如本文所定义的混合物用于在灭生计划中、工业植被管理及林业中、蔬菜及多年生作物中以及草皮及草坪中控制不合需要的植被的用途,其中本发明混合物可在出苗前或出苗后,即在不合需要的植物出苗之前、期间和/或之后施用。优选作为出苗后处理,即在不合需要的植物出苗期间和/或之后施用。在本文中,本发明混合物是在作物种植或出苗之前施用至将种植作物的场所。
因此,本发明亦关于一种用于对作物中不合需要的植被进行灭生处理的方法,其包含在作物种植(或播种)或出苗之前,将本发明混合物施用至将种植作物的场所。在本文中,将本发明混合物施用于不合需要的植被或其场所。
由此,本发明因此是关于一种用于控制不合需要的植被的方法,该方法包括将本发明混合物施用至存在或预期会存在不合需要的植被的场所,其中施用可以在不合需要的植被出苗之前、期间和/或之后,优选在期间和/或之后进行。
如本文所使用,术语“控制”与“防治”是同义词。
如本文所使用,术语“不合需要的植被”、“不合需要的物种”、“不合需要的植物”、“有害植物”、“不合需要的杂草”或“有害杂草”是同义词。
如本文所使用,术语“场所”意思是植被或植物生长或将生长的区域,通常为田野。
在此类灭生计划中,本发明混合物可在作物植物播种(种植)之前或在播种(或种植)之后但在作物植物出苗之前,特别是在播种之前施用。本发明混合物优选在作物植物播种之前施用。对于灭生,本发明混合物一般将在作物种植之前至多9个月、常常至多6个月,优选至多4个月的日期施用。灭生施用可以在作物植物出苗之前至多1天的日期进行,且优选在作物植物播种/种植之前的日期,优选在种植之前至少一天,优选至少2天且尤其至少4天,或在出苗前6个月至1天,尤其在出苗前4个月至2天且更优选在出苗前4个月至4天的日期进行。当然,有可能在该时间范围内重复该灭生施用一次或多次,例如一次、两次、三次、四次或五次。
本发明混合物特别有益地具有极佳的出苗后除草剂活性,即其针对出苗的不合需要的植物显示良好的除草活性。因此,在本发明的一个优选实施方案中,本发明混合物是在不合需要的植物出苗后,即在不合需要的植物出苗期间和/或之后施用。当不合需要的植物以叶发育至开花开始时,出苗后施用本发明混合物特别有利。本发明混合物特别适用于控制已发育至一定状态的不合需要的植被,该植被难以用习知灭生混合物控制,即当个别杂草高于10cm(4吋)或甚至高于15cm(6吋)时,和/或控制丛生的杂草群。
在植物出苗后处理的情况下,本发明混合物优选通过叶面施用来施用。
若某些作物植物不能良好的耐受活性化合物I及II,则可以使用藉助于喷施设备喷施除草组合物的施用技术,其施用方式应尽可能使其不与敏感作物植物的叶接触,同时活性化合物到达在下部生长的不合需要植物的叶,或裸露的土壤表面(苗后直接处理(post-directed)、近旁施药(lay-by))。此外,可以使用喷雾护罩。
可以例如通过常用喷施技术,用水作为载剂,使用通常10至2000l/ha、特别是50至1000l/ha量的喷雾混合物实现施用。
所需的纯活性化合物混合物的施用量取决于不合需要植被的密度、植物的发育阶段、使用混合物的位置的气候条件及施用方法。一般而言,混合物的施用量为55至6000g/ha,优选100至5000g/ha、200至4000g/ha且更优选300至3000g/ha的活性成分(a.i.)。
当在本发明的方法中使用本发明混合物时,在可能出现不合需要的植被处,可同时或依次地施用本发明混合物中存在的活性化合物。在本文中,本发明混合物中存在的个别化合物是共同地抑或分开地调配且共同地抑或分开地施用并不重要,且在分开施用的情况下,施用进行的次序亦不重要。只需要本发明混合物中存在的个别化合物是在允许活性成分同时作用于不合需要的植物的时间范围内施用。
如上文所提及,本发明混合物具有若干优势,即相较于外消旋固杀草与原卟啉原-IX氧化酶抑制剂的混合物,具有增强的除草剂作用。
另外,本发明混合物显示出持久的除草活性,即使是在艰难的气候条件下,由此允许在灭生应用中更灵活地施用并使杂草逃脱的风险减到最低。除此之外,本发明混合物与某些习知作物植物及与除草剂耐受性作物植物显示出优良的作物兼容性,即其用于该作物中使得作物植物的损伤降低和/或不会增加作物植物的损伤。因此,亦可在作物植物出苗之后施用本发明混合物。本发明混合物亦可针对有害植物的显示加速的作用,即相较于外消旋固杀草与至少一种原卟啉原-IX氧化酶抑制剂的混合物,其可以更迅速地损伤有害植物。
单独L-固杀草以及在本发明的方法中的本发明混合物适于控制农业作物中的大量有害植物,包括单子叶杂草,特别是一年生杂草,如禾本科杂草(禾草),包括稗属,如稗草(Echinochloa crusgalli var.crus-galli)、海岸稗(Echinchloa walteri(Pursh)Heller)、光头稗(jungle rice/Echinochloa colona)、孔雀稗(Echinochloa crus-pavonis)、田犬稗(Echinochloa oryzicola);马唐属,如马唐草(crabgrass/Digitariasanguinalis)、平枝马唐(Digitaria horizontalis)、酸草(sourgrass)(两耳草(Digitaria insularis))或裸马唐(naked crabgrass/Digitaria nuda);狗尾草属(Setaria species),如绿狐尾草(绿狗尾草(Setaria viridis))、大狐尾草(法氏狗尾草(Setaria faberii))、金狐尾草(金色狗尾草(Setaria glauca/Setaria pumila))或倒刺狗尾草(Setaria verticillata);高粱属,如约翰逊草(johnsongrass)(假高粱(Sorghumhalepense Pers.));燕麦属,如野生燕麦(野燕麦(Avena fatua))、不实野燕麦(Avenasterillis)或糙伏毛燕麦(Avena strigosa);蒺藜草属,如疏花蒺藜草(field sandbur)(少花蒺藜草(Cenchrus pauciflorus))或蒺藜草(Cenchrus echinatus);雀麦属,如日本雀麦(Bromus japonicus Thunb)、贫育雀麦(Bromus sterilis)或旱雀麦(Bromustectorum);黑麦草属;虉草属,如喜湿虉草(Phalaris brachystachys)、小子虉草(Phalaris minor)或春虉草(Phalaris persicaria);野黍属;黍属,如秋黍(fallpanicum)(洋野黍(Panicum dichotomiflorum))、褐顶黍(Panicum fasciculatum)或大黍(Panicummaximum);臂形草属;一年生蓝草(早熟禾(Poa annua));看麦娘属,如黑草(blackgrass)(大穗看麦娘(Alopecurus myosuroides))、褐蕊看麦娘(Alopecurusaequalis Sobol)或日本看麦娘(Alopecurus japonicus Steud);山羊草属,如圆柱山羊草(Aegilops cylindrica)或粗山羊草(Aegylops tauschii);阿披拉草(Apera spica-venti);牛筋草(Eleusine indica);狗牙根(Cynodon dactylon);茅草(couch grass)(匍匐冰草(Agropyron repens或Elymus repens));小糠草(Agrostis alba);菵草(Beckmannia syzigachne(Steud.)Fernald);虎尾草属,如虎尾草(Chloris virgata);鸭跖草属,如圆叶鸭跖草(Commelina benghalensis)、鸭跖草(Commelina communis)、节节草(Commelina diffusa)或直立鸭跖草(Commelina erecta);龙爪茅(Dactylocteniumaegyptium);芒颖大麦草(Hordeum jubatum)、兔耳大麦(Hordeum leporinum);日本血草(Imperata cylindrica);田间鸭嘴草(Ischaemum rogusum)、单刚毛狗尾草(Ixophorusunisetus);李氏禾(Leerisa hexandra);假稻(Leersia japonica);千金子属,如千金子(Leptochloa chinensis)、丛生千金子(Leptochloa fascicularis)、虮子草(Leptochloafiliformis)或类黍千金子(Leptochloa panicoides);黑麦草属,如多花黑麦草(Loliummultiflorum)、多年生黑麦草(Lolium perenne)、欧黑麦草(Lolium persicum)或硬黑麦草(硬直黑麦草(Lolium rigidum));漂筏菰(Luziola subintegra);裸花水竹叶(Murdannianudiflora(L.)Brenan);阔叶稻(Oryza latifolia)、野生稻(Oryza rufipogon);双穗雀稗(Paspalum distichum)、雀稗属;美洲狼尾草(Pennisetum americanum)、紫狼尾草(Pennisetum purpureum);鬼蜡烛(Phleum paniculatum);芦苇(Phragmites australia);棒头草(Ploypogon fugax.N.);早熟禾属,如早熟禾或粗茎早熟禾(Poa trivialis L.);碱茅(Puccinellia distans);罗氏草(Rottboellia cochinchinensis);耿氏硬草(Sclerochloa kengiana(Ohwi)Tzvel.);三虎尾草(Trichloris crinita);尾稃草属或臂形草属,如俯仰臂形草(Brachiaria decumbens)、车前臂形草(Brachiaria plantaginea)、宽叶臂形草(Brachiaria platyphylla);类黍尾稃草(Urochloa panicoides)、多枝尾稃草(Urochloa ramosa)及其类似物。
单独L-固杀草以及本发明混合物亦适于控制大量双子叶杂草,特别是阔叶杂草,包括蓼属,如野生荞麦(卷茎蓼(Polygonum convolvolus))、宾州蓼(Polygonumpensilvanicum)、春蓼(Polygonum persicaria)或扁蓄(prostrate knotweed)(扁蓄蓼(Polygonum aviculare));苋属,如藜(反枝苋(Amaranthus retroflexus))、长芒苋(Palmer amaranth/Amaranthus palmeri)、高水麻草(tall waterhemp)(糙果苋(Amaranthus tuberculatus)或西部苋(Amaranthus rudis))、红根藜(反枝苋)、绿叶苋(green amaranth)(绿穗苋(Amaranthus hybridus))、紫苋(凹头苋(Amaranthuslividus))、野刺苋(prickly amaranth)(刺苋(Amaranthus spinosus))或青苋(Amaranthus quitensis);藜属,如普通藜(藜(Chenopodium album L.))、小叶藜(Chenopodium serotinum)或奎奴亚藜(Quinoa)(藜麦(Chenopodiumquinoa));黄花稔属,如刺黄花稔(prickly sida)(白背黄花稔(Sida spinosa L.));豚草属(Ambrosiaspecies),如普通豚草(矮豚草(Ambrosia artemisiifolia))或巨豚草((三裂叶豚草(Ambrosia trifida));刺苞果属(Acanthospermum species);春黄菊属(Anthemisspecies),如田春黄菊(Anthemis arvensis)或臭黄春菊(Anthemis cotula);滨藜属(Atriplex species);蓟属(Cirsium species),如丝路蓟(Cirsium arvense);旋花属(Convolvulus species),如田旋花(field bindweed/Convolvulus arvensis);白酒草属(Conyza species),如加拿大蓬(horseweed)(小蓬草(Conyza canadensis/Erigeroncanadensis))或香丝草(hairy fleabane)(香丝草(Conyza bonariensis/Erigeronbonariensis));肉桂属(Cassia species);曼陀罗属(Datura species),如吉姆森草(jimsonweed)(曼陀罗花(Datura stramonium));大戟属(Euphorbia species),如齿叶大戟(toothed spurge)(齿裂大戟(Euphorbia dentata))、飞扬草(Euphorbia hirta)、泽漆(Euphorbia helioscopia)或猩猩草(白苞猩猩草(Euphorbia heterophylla));老鹳草属(Geranium species),如长根老鹳草(Geranium donianum)或小花尨牛儿苗(Geraniumpusillum);牛膝菊属(Galinsoga species);牵牛花(morningglory)(地瓜属(Ipomoeaspecies));野芝麻属(Lamium species),如接骨草(henbit dead-nettle)(宝盖草(Lamiumamplexicaule));锦葵属(Malva species),如矮锦葵(圆叶锦葵(Malva neglecta))或酿草(cheeseweed)(小花锦葵(Malwa parviflora));母菊属(Matricaria species),如甘菊(西洋甘菊(Matricaria chamomilla))或淡甘菊(Matricaria inodora);大蒜芥属(Sysimbrium species);茄属(Solanum species),如黑甜仔菜(black nightshade)(龙葵(Solanum nigrum));苍耳属(Xanthium species);婆婆纳属(Veronica species),如婆婆纳(Veronica polita);堇菜属(Viola species);鹅肠草(common chickweed)(繁缕(Stellaria media));绒毛叶(velvetleaf)(苘麻(Abutilon theophrasti));田菁属(Sesbania species),如大麻田菁(Sesbania exaltata)、高田菁(Sesbania herbacea)或大果田菁(hemp sesbania)(长果田菁(Sesbania exaltata Cory));有距单花葵(Anodacristata);鬼针草属(Bidens species),如大狼杷草(Bidens frondosa)或三叶鬼针草(Bidens pilosa);野芥(Brassica kaber);荠种(Capsella species),如荠属(Capsellamedia)或荠菜(Capsella bursa-pastoris);蓝色矢车菊(Centaurea cyanus);大麻荨麻(Galeopsis tetrahit);原拉拉藤(Galium aparine);向日葵(Helianthus annuus);南美山蚂蝗(Desmodium tortuosum);地肤(Kochia scoparia);法国山靛(Mercurialisannua);勿忘草(Myosotis arvensis);虞美人(Papaver rhoeas);萝卜属(Raphanusspecies),如野生萝卜(野萝卜(Raphanus raphanistrum));猪毛菜属(Salsola species),如刺沙蓬(Salsola tragus)或钾猪毛菜(Salsola kali);野芥菜(Sinapis arvensis);苦苣菜属(Sonchus species),如鬼苦苣菜(Sonchus asper)、苣荬菜(Sonchus arvensis)或苦苣菜(Sonchus oleraceus);菥蓂(Thlaspi arvense);小万寿菊(Tagetes minuta);墨苜蓿属(Richardia species),如墨苜蓿(Richardia scabra)或巴西墨苜蓿(Richardiabrasiliensis);合萌属(Aeschynomeme species),如Aeschynomene denticulata、印度合萌(Aeschynomene indica)或Aeschynomene rudis;泽泻属(Alisma species),如窄叶泽泻(Alisma canaliculatum)或欧泽泻(Alisma plantago-aquatica);丰花草属(Borreriaspecies),如轮生丰花草(Borreria verticillata);芜菁(Brassica rapa);节毛飞廉(Carduus acanthoides);墙草(Parietaria debilis);马齿苋(Portulaca oleracea);番薯属(Ipomoea species),如大叶番薯(Ipomoea grandifolia)、碗仔花(Ipomoeahederacea)、Ipomoea indivisa、白星薯(Ipomoea lacunose)、Ipomoea lonchophylla或槭叶小牵牛(Ipomoea wrightii);决明子(Senna obtusifolia);黄花稔属,如箭叶黄花稔(arrowleaf sida)(白背黄花稔(Sida rhombifolia))或刺黄花稔(披针黄花稔(Sidaspinosa));阔叶鸭舌癀舅(Spermacoce latifolia);长柄菊(Tridax procumbens);假海马齿(Trianthema portulacastrum);银胶菊(Parthenium hysterophorus);马齿苋(Portulaca oleracea);铁齿苋(Acalypha australis);大阿米芹(Ammi majus);滨藜属;列当属(Orobanche species);法国山靛;丝路蓟;宽叶打碗花(Calystegia sepium);繁缕;野芝麻属(Lamium species);堇菜属;青葙(Celosia argentea);黄帝菊(Melampodiumdivaricatum);黄花草(Cleome viscosa);光叶栗米草(Molugo verticilatus);直立黄细心(Borhevia erecta);千日红属(Gomphrena species);假酸浆(Nicandra physalodes);蓖麻(Ricinus communis);刻叶老鹳草(Geranium dissectum);莲子草属(Alternantheraspecies),如喜旱莲子草(Althernanthera philoxeroides)或五色苋(Alternantheratenella);水苋菜属(Ammannia species),如长叶水苋菜(Ammania coccinea);华东反齿藓(Anacamtodon fortunei Mitt.);琉璃繁缕(Anagallis arvensis);水竹叶(Aneilemakeisak);无心菜(Arenaria serpyllifolia);蓟罂粟(Argemone mexicana);窄叶日光兰(Asphodelus tenuifolius);草地滨藜(Atriplex patula);圆叶虎耳(Bacoparotundifolia);甘蓝型油菜(Brassica napus);地榆叶属(Caperonia species),如Caperonia castaneifolia或得克萨斯杂草(Caperonia palustris);刺蓟菜(Cephalanoplos segetum);臭荠(Corynopus didymus);具毛还阳参(Crepiscapillaris);还阳参属屋根草(Crepis tectorum);裂叶巴豆(Croton lobatus);播娘蒿(Descuminia sophia(L.));羽叶播娘蒿(Descurainia pinnata);大花皇冠(Echinodorusgrandiflorus);旱莲草(Eclipta alba);鳢肠(Eclipta prostrata);凤眼蓝(Eichhorniacrassipes);荸荠属(Eleocharis species);问荆(Equisetum arvense);旋花蓼(Fallopiaconvolvulus);沼生异蕊花(Heteranthera limosa);水龙属(Jussiaea species);Kallstroemia maxima;锯齿莴苣(Lactuca serriola);家山黧豆(Lathyrus aphaca);假小喙菊(Launea mudicaulis);滨海白绒草(Leucas chinensis);黄花蔺(Limnocharisflava);美洲母草(Lindernia dubia);具盖母草(Lindernia pyxidaria);田紫草(Litospermum arvense);丁香蓼属(Ludwigia species),如水丁香(Ludwigiaoctovallis);大翼豆(Macroptilium lathyroides);牛繁缕(Malachium aquaticum(L.));草木犀属(Melilotus species);毛木玫瑰(Merremia aegyptia);苦瓜(Momordicacharantia);箭叶雨久花(Monochoria hastate);鸭舌草(Monochoria vaginalis);黎豆属(Mucuna species);裸花水竹叶(Murdannia nudiflora);Oxalis neaei;叶下珠属(Phylanthus species);酸浆属(Physalis species);大薸水芙蓉(Pistia stratiotes);眼子菜(Potamogeton distinctus);沼生蔊菜(Rorippa islandica);印度小圆叶(Rotalaindica);美洲节节菜(Rotala ramosior);齿果酸模(Rumex dentatus);钝叶酸模(Rumexobtusifolius);蒙特登慈菇(Sagittaria montevidensis)、矮慈菇(Sagittaria pygmaeaMiq.)、慈菇(Sagittaria sagittifolia)、野慈菇(Sagittaria trifolia L.);欧洲千里光(Senecio vulgaris);多刺果瓜(Sicyos polyacanthus);白花蝇子草(Silene gallica);chenopoSisymbrium,如钻果大蒜芥(Sisymbrium oficinale);茄属;大爪草(Spergulaarvensis);尖瓣花(Sphenoclea zeylanica);假海马齿属(Trianthema spp.);新疆三肋果(Tripleurospermum inodorum);婆婆纳属,如阿拉伯婆婆纳(Veronica persica)或婆婆纳(Veronica polita);救荒野豌豆(Vicia sativa);及类似物。
单独L-固杀草以及本发明混合物亦适于控制大量一年生及多年生莎草科杂草,包括莎草属(Cyperus species),如土香(purple nutsedge)(香附子(Cyperus rotundusL.))、黄土香(yellow nutsedge)(油莎草(Cyperus esculentus L.))、姫沙草(hime-kugu)(短叶水蜈蚣(Cyperus brevifolius H.))、莎草杂草(具芒碎米莎草(Cyperus microiriaSteud))、米莎草(rice flatsedge)(碎米莎草(Cyperus iria L.))、异花莎草(Cyperusdifformis)、异型莎草(Cyperus difformis L.)、油莎草(Cyperus esculentus)、断节莎草(Cyperus ferax)、黄莎草(Cyperus flavus)、碎米莎草(Cyperus iria)、茅叶莎草(Cyperus lanceolatus)、断节莎(Cyperus odoratus)、香附子(Cyperus rotundus)、水莎草(Cyperus serotinus Rottb.)、牛毛毡(Eleocharis acicularis)、水莎状荸荠(Eleocharis kuroguwai)、两歧飘拂草(Fimbristylis dichotoma)、水虱草(Fimbristylismiliacea)、硕大藨草(Scirpus grossus)、萤蔺(Scirpus juncoides)、萤蔺(Scirpusjuncoides Roxb)、海滨三棱草(Scirpus或Bolboschoenus maritimus)、水毛花(Scirpus或Schoenoplectus mucronatus)、扁秆藨草(Scirpus planiculmis Fr.Schmidt)及类似物。
单独L-固杀草以及本发明混合物亦适于控制对常用除草剂具有抗性的杂草,如对草甘膦(glyphosate)具有抗性的杂草、对植物生长素抑制剂除草剂如2,4-D或麦草畏(dicamba)具有抗性的杂草、对光合成抑制剂如莠去津(atrazine)具有抗性的杂草、对ALS抑制剂如磺酰脲、咪唑啉酮或三唑并嘧啶具有抗性的杂草、对ACC酶抑制剂如炔草酸(clodinafop)、克草同(clethodim)或唑啉草酯(pinoxaden)具有抗性的杂草,或对原卟啉原-IX氧化酶抑制剂如甲磺草胺、丙炔氟草胺、氟磺胺草醚或三氟羧草醚具有抗性的杂草,例如国际抗药性杂草调查(International Survey of Resistant Weeds)(http://www.weedscience.org/Summary/SpeciesbySOATable.aspx)中所列的杂草。详细而言,其适于控制国际抗药性杂草调查中所列的抗药性杂草,例如ACC酶抗性稗草、野燕麦、大穗看麦娘、光头稗、日本看麦娘、旱雀麦、野生大麦(Hordeum murinum)、田间鸭嘴草(Ischaemumrugosum)、绿狗尾草、假高粱、看麦娘(Alopecurus aequalis)、阿披拉草、不实野燕麦(Avena sterilis)、菵草、双雄雀麦、马唐、水田稗、水稗(Echinochloa phyllopogon)、小子虉草、奇异虉草(Phalaris paradoxa)、法氏狗尾草、绿狗尾草、二穗短柄草、双雄雀麦、贫育雀麦、洋狗尾草(Cynosurus echinatus)、两耳草、止血马唐、千金子、喜湿虉草、罗氏草、升马唐(Digitaria ciliaris)、长花皱稃草(Ehrharta longiflora)、路易斯安那野黍(Eriochloa punctata)、类黍千金子、欧黑麦草、棒头草(Polypogon fugax)、耿氏硬草、Snowdenia polystacha、苏丹高粱(Sorghum sudanese)及车前臂形草;ALS抑制剂抗性稗草、早熟禾、野燕麦、大穗看麦娘、光头稗、绿穗苋、长芒苋、西部苋、苏门白酒草、反枝苋、矮豚草(Ambrosia artemisifolia)、小蓬草、地肤、野萝卜、春千里光(Senecio vernalis)、日本看麦娘、三叶鬼针草、旱雀麦、藜、香丝草、野生大麦、田间鸭嘴草、欧洲千里光、绿狗尾草、东方大蒜芥(Sisymbrium orientale)、假高粱、褐蕊看麦娘(Alopecurus aequalis)、凹头苋(Amaranthus blitum)、鲍氏苋(Amaranthus powellii)、阿披拉草、不实野燕麦、芜菁、双雄雀麦、播娘蒿(Descurainia sophia)、马唐、水田稗、水稗、白苞猩猩草、锯齿莴苣、小子虉草、奇异虉草、法氏狗尾草、绿狗尾草、野芥菜、龙葵、苦苣菜、繁缕、北美苋(Amaranthusblitoides)、刺苋、皱果苋(Amaranthus viridis)、三裂叶豚草、三叶鬼针草(Bidenssubalternans)、双雄雀麦、贫育雀麦、荠菜、蓝色矢车菊、洋狗尾草、异花莎草、水虱草、大麻荨麻、原拉拉藤、猪殃殃(Galium spurium)、向日葵、短荚芥(Hirschfeldia incana)、黄花蔺、直立石龙尾(Limnophila erecta)、虞美人、银胶菊、喜湿虉草、卷茎蓼、酸模叶蓼、春蓼、高毛茛(Ranunculus acris)、罗氏草、蒙特登慈菇、刺沙蓬、水毛花(Schoenoplectusmucronatus)、金色狗尾草、鬼苦苣菜、苍耳(Xanthium strumarium)、藿香蓟(Ageratumconyzoides)、窄叶泽泻、欧泽泻、耳叶水苋菜(Ammannia auriculata)、长叶水苋菜、田野水苋(Ammannia arvensis)、臭黄春菊、圆叶虎耳、辐花芹(Bifora radians)、中箦藻(Blyxaaubertii)、亚洲芥(Brassica tournefortii)、日本雀麦(Bromus japonicus)、黑麦状雀麦(Bromus secalinus)、田紫草(Lithospermum arvense)、小果亚麻荠(Camelinamicrocarpa)、斑地锦(Chamaesyce maculata)、茼蒿(Chrysanthemum coronarium)、毛野牡丹藤(Clidemia hirta)、还阳参属屋根草、五角菟丝子(Cuscuta pentagona)、短叶水蜈蚣(Cyperus brevifolis)、扁穗莎草(Cyperus compressus)、油莎草、碎米莎草、断节莎、星果草(Damasonium minus)、山葵芝麻菜(Diplotaxis erucoides)、细叶二行芥(Diplotaxistenuifolia)、虻眼草(Dopatrum junceum)、车前叶蓝蓟、沟繁缕(Elatine triandra)、牛毛毡、Erucaria hispanica、粗梗糖芥(Erysimum repandum)、三角猪殃殃(Galiumtricornutum)、假苍耳(Iva xanthifolia)、单刚毛狗尾草、宝盖草、宝塔草(Limnophiliasessiliflora)、美洲母草、狭叶母草(Lindernia micrantha)、陌上草(Linderniaprocumbens)、丁香蓼(Ludwigia prostrata)、洋甘菊(Matricaria recutita)、冰叶日中花(Mesembryanthemum crystallinum)、雨久花(Monochoria korsakowii)、鸭舌草、鹅肠菜(Myosoton aquaticum)、球果荠(Neslia paniculata)、红稻(Oryza sativavar.sylvatica)、卡洛巴维菊(Pentzia suffruticosa)、毛连菜(Picris hieracioides)、萝卜(Raphanus sativus)、皱匕果芥(Rapistrum rugosum)、蔊菜(Rorippa indica)、印度节节菜(Rotala indica)、南美小百叶(Rotala pusilla)、齿果酸模、冠果草(Sagittariaguayensis)、矮慈姑、野慈菇、荆三棱(Schoenoplectus fluviatilis)、萤蔺(Schoenoplectus juncoides)、猪毛草(Schoenoplectus wallichii)、披针黄花稔、白花蝇子草、白芥(Sinapis alba)、大蒜芥(Sisymbrium thellungii)、二色高粱(Sorghumbicolor)、大爪草、菥蓂、新疆三肋果、西班牙王不留行(Vaccaria hispanica)及救荒野豌豆;光合成抑制剂抗性稗草、早熟禾、大穗看麦娘、光头稗、绿穗苋、长芒苋、西部苋、苏门白酒草、反枝苋、矮豚草、小蓬草、地肤、野萝卜、春千里光、日本看麦娘、三叶鬼针草、旱雀麦、藜、香丝草、田间鸭嘴草、欧洲千里光、绿狗尾草、东方大蒜芥、凹头苋、鲍氏苋、阿披拉草、菵草、芜菁、马唐、白苞猩猩草、小子虉草、奇异虉草、法氏狗尾草、绿狗尾草、野芥菜、龙葵、繁缕、北美苋、皱果苋、三叶鬼针草、二穗短柄草、孟仁草(Chloris barbata)、异花莎草、直立稗(Echinochloa erecta)、东北柳叶菜(Epilobium ciliatum)、扁蓄蓼、卷茎蓼、酸模叶蓼、春蓼、马齿苋、水毛花、金色狗尾草、龙葵、鬼苦苣菜、类黍尾稃草、欧洲福克斯泰尔羊茅(Vulpia bromoides)、苘麻、白苋(Amaranthus albus)、繁穗苋(Amaranthus cruentus)、阿拉伯芥、无心菜、狼杷草(Bidens tripartita)、藜、小叶藜(Chenopodium ficifolium)、多籽藜(Chenopodium polyspermum)、蔺状隐花草(Crypsis schoenoides)、曼陀罗花(Daturastramonium)、四棱柳叶菜(Epilobium tetragonum)、睫毛牛膝菊(Galinsoga ciliata)、同花母菊(Matricaria discoidea)、毛绒稷(Panicum capillare)、洋野黍、白狐车前(Plantago lagopus)、水蓼(Polygonum hydopiper)、宾州蓼(Polygonum pensylvanicum)、长芒棒头草(Polygonum monspeliensis)、喙草属(Rostraria)、smyrnacea、小酸模、倒刺狗尾草及小荨麻;PS-I电子传递抑制剂抗性早熟禾、苏门白酒草、小蓬草、日本看麦娘、三叶鬼针草、香丝草、野生大麦、田间鸭嘴草、凹头苋、龙葵、南非金盏草(Arctotheca calendula)、东北柳叶菜、圆茎耳草(Hedyotis verticillata)、龙葵、欧洲福克斯泰尔羊茅、田旋花、野茼蒿(Crassocephalum crepidioides)、克非亚草(Cuphea carthagensis)、春飞蓬(Erigeron philadelphicus)、匙叶合冠鼠曲草(Gamochaeta pensylvanica)、紫萍(Landoltia punctata)、北美独行菜(Lepidium virginicum)、台湾通泉草(Mazusfauriei)、通泉草(Mazus pumilus)、盖裂果(Mitracarpus hirtus)、硬草(Sclerochloadura)、光果龙葵(Solanum americanum)及黄鹌菜(Youngia japonica);草甘膦抗性早熟禾、光头稗、绿穗苋、长芒苋、西部苋、苏门白酒草、矮豚草、小蓬草、地肤、野萝卜、三叶鬼针草、香丝草、野生大麦、假高粱、芜菁、双雄雀麦、锯齿莴苣、苦苣菜、刺苋、三裂叶豚草、两耳草、圆茎耳草、向日葵、银胶菊、长叶车前、刺沙蓬、类黍尾稃草、臂形草(Brachiariaeruciformis)、红雀麦(Bromus rubens)、虎尾草(Chloris elata)、截头虎尾草(Chloristruncata)、虎尾草(Chloris virgata)、糙毛绊根草(Cynodon hirsutus)、柳叶莴苣(Lactuca saligna)、细长千金子(Leptochloa virgata)、多穗雀稗(Paspalumpaniculatum)及长柄菊;微管集结抑制剂抗性稗草、早熟禾、野燕麦、大穗看麦娘、长芒苋、绿狗尾草、假高粱、褐蕊看麦娘、菵草及密花蓝堇(Fumaria densifloria);植物生长素除草剂抗性稗草、光头稗、绿穗苋、西部苋、苏门白酒草、地肤、野萝卜、藜、东方大蒜芥、播娘蒿、锯齿莴苣、野芥菜、苦苣菜、繁缕、南非金盏草、蓝色矢车菊、止血马唐、日照飘拂草(Fimbristylis miliacea)、大麻荨麻、原拉拉藤、猪殃殃、短荚芥、黄花蔺、直立石龙尾、虞美人、长叶车前、高毛茛、麝香飞廉(Carduus nutans)、姫鳍蓟(Carduus pycnocephalus)、黄矢车菊(Centaurea soltitialis)、多斑矢车菊(Centaurea stoebe ssp.Micranthos)、丝路蓟、节节草、孔雀稗、草坪刺果杂草(Soliva sessilis)及尖瓣花(Sphenocleazeylanica);HPPD抑制剂抗性长芒苋及西部苋;PPO抑制剂抗性铁齿苋、绿穗苋、长芒苋、反枝苋、西部苋、矮豚草、野燕麦、苏门白酒草、播娘蒿、白苞猩猩草及春千里光;胡萝卜素生物合成抑制剂抗性罗氏轮叶黑藻(Hydrilla verticillata)、野萝卜、春千里光及东方大蒜芥;VLCFA抑制剂抗性大穗看麦娘、野燕麦及稗草。
本发明混合物适于防治/控制打算种植有用植物的田野中(即,作物中)的常见有害植物。本发明混合物一般适于在具有以下作物的田野中灭生不合需要的植被:
-榖类作物,包括例如
-谷类(小粒谷类作物),如小麦(普通小麦(Triticum aestivum))及类小麦作物,如杜兰(杜兰小麦(T.durum))、单粒小麦(einkorn/T.monococcum)、二粒小麦(emmer/T.dicoccon)及斯佩耳特小麦(spelt/T.spelta)、粗麦(黑麦(Secale cereale))、黑小麦(triticale/Tritiosecale)、大麦(barley/Hordeum vulgare);
-玉米(maize)(玉米(corn);玉蜀黍(Zea mays));
-高粱(例如二色高粱);
-稻谷(稻属(Oryza spp.),如稻及光稃稻(Oryza glaberrima));以及
-甘蔗;
-豆类(豆科植物(Fabaceae)),包括例如大豆(Glycine max.)、花生(落花生(Arachis hypogaea)及豆类作物,如豌豆类,包括豌豆(Pisum sativum)、木豆及豇豆;菜豆类,包括蚕豆(Vicia faba)、豇豆属(Vigna spp.)及菜豆属(Phaseolus spp.),以及扁豆(小扁豆变种(lens culinaris var.));
-十字花科,包括例如芥花(甘蓝型油菜)、油菜(OSR,甘蓝型油菜)、甘蓝菜(甘蓝变种(B.oleracea var.))、芥菜(mustard)如芥菜(B.juncea)、小白菜(B.campestris)、塌棵菜(B.narinosa)、黑芥菜(B.nigra)及亚洲芥;以及芜菁(芜菁变种);
-其他阔叶作物,包括例如向日葵、棉、亚麻、亚麻籽、甜菜、马铃薯及西红柿;
-TNV作物(TNV:树、坚果及藤本植物),包括例如葡萄、柑橘、仁果(例如苹果及梨)、咖啡、开心果及油棕、核果(例如桃、杏仁、胡桃、橄榄、樱桃、李子及杏);
-草皮、牧草及牧场;
-洋葱及大蒜;
-球茎观赏性植物,如郁金香及水仙;
-针叶树及落叶树,如松、冷杉、橡树、槭树、山茱萸、山楂树、海棠树及鼠李(rhamnus)(药鼠李(buckthorn));以及
-花园观赏性植物,如玫瑰、矮牵牛、万寿菊及龙口花。
本发明混合物特别适于在具有以下作物植物的田野中灭生不合需要的植被:小粒榖类作物(如小麦、大麦、粗麦、黑小麦及杜兰)、稻谷、玉米、甘蔗、高粱、大豆、豆类作物(如豌豆、菜豆及扁豆)、花生、向日葵、甜菜、马铃薯、棉、芸薹属作物(如油菜、芥花、芥菜、甘蓝菜及芜菁)、草皮、牧草、牧场、葡萄、仁果(如苹果及梨)、核果(如桃、杏仁、核桃、胡桃、橄榄、樱桃、李子及杏)、柑橘、咖啡、开心果、花园观赏性植物(如玫瑰、矮牵牛、万寿菊、龙口花)、球茎观赏性植物(如郁金香及水仙)、针叶树及落叶树(如松、冷杉、橡树、槭树、山茱萸、山楂树、海棠树及鼠李)。
本发明混合物最适于在具有以下作物植物的田野中灭生不合需要的植被:小粒榖类作物(如小麦、大麦、粗麦、黑小麦及杜兰)、稻谷、玉米、甘蔗、大豆、豆类作物(如豌豆、菜豆及扁豆)、花生、向日葵、棉、芸薹属作物(如油菜、芥花)、草皮、牧草、牧场、葡萄、核果(如桃、杏仁、核桃、胡桃、橄榄、樱桃、李子及杏)、柑橘及开心果。
本发明另外关于如本文所定义的混合物的用途,其是用于在灭生计划中控制作物中不合需要的植被,其中该作物是通过基因工程改造或通过育种产生,对一或多种除草剂和/或病原体如植物病原真菌,和/或对昆虫攻击具有抗性;优选对固杀草具有抗性。
因此,在本发明中使用时,如本文所使用的术语“作物”亦包括通过突变诱发或基因工程改造修饰以使植物具有新性状或改变现有性状的(作物)植物。
突变诱发包括使用X射线或突变诱发化学试剂进行随机突变诱发的技术,以及靶向突变诱发技术,旨在植物基因组的特定基因座处产生突变。靶向突变诱发技术常常使用寡核苷酸或蛋白质如CRISPR/Cas、锌指核酸酶、TALEN或大范围核酸酶来达成靶向作用。
基因工程改造通常使用重组DNA技术在植物基因组中产生在天然情况下不能容易地通过杂交育种、突变诱发或天然重组获得的修饰。通常,将一或多个基因整合于植物基因组中以便增加性状或改善性状。该整合的基因在此项技术中又称为转殖基因,而包含此类转殖基因的植物称为转殖基因植物。植物转型过程通常产生若干转型事件,该转型事件的不同的处在于已整合转殖基因的基因组基因座。在特定基因组基因座上包含特定转殖基因的植物通常描述为包含特定“事件”,其是通过特定事件名称提及。已引入植物中或已经改变的性状包括特别是除草剂耐受性、昆虫抗性、增加的产量及对非生物条件如干旱的耐受性。
除草剂耐受性是通过使用突变诱发以及使用基因工程改造产生。已利用习知突变诱发及育种方法而对乙酰乳酸合成酶(ALS)抑制剂除草剂呈现耐受性的植物包含以名称购得的植物种类。然而,大部分除草剂耐受性性状已经由使用转殖基因产生。
已产生针对草甘膦、固杀草、2,4-D、麦草畏、苯腈除草剂(如溴苯腈(bromoxynil)及碘苯腈(ioxynil))、磺酰脲除草剂、ALS抑制剂除草剂及4-羟基苯基丙酮酸双加氧酶(HPPD)抑制剂(如异唑草酮(isoxaflutole)及甲基磺草酮(mesotrione))的除草剂耐受性。
已用于提供除草剂耐受性性状的转殖基因包含:对于针对草甘膦的耐受性:cp4epsps、epsps grg23ace5、mepsps、2mepsps、gat4601、gat4621及goxv247;对于针对固杀草的耐受性:pat及bar;对于针对2,4-D的耐受性:aad-1及aad-12;对于针对麦草畏的耐受性:dmo;对于针对苯腈除草剂的耐受性:bxn;对于针对磺酰脲除草剂的耐受性:zm-hra、csr1-2、gm-hra、S4-HrA;对于针对ALS抑制剂除草剂的耐受性:csr1-2;对于针对HPPD抑制剂除草剂的耐受性:hppdPF、W336及avhppd-03。
包含除草剂耐受性基因的转殖基因玉米事件是例如(但不排除其他)DAS40278、MON801、MON802、MON809、MON810、MON832、MON87411、MON87419、MON87427、MON88017、MON89034、NK603、GA21、MZHG0JG、HCEM485、676、678、680、33121、4114、59122、98140、Bt10、Bt176、CBH-351、DBT418、DLL25、MS3、MS6、MZIR098、T25、TC1507及TC6275。
包含除草剂耐受性基因的转殖基因大豆事件是例如(但不排除其他)GTS 40-3-2、MON87705、MON87708、MON87712、MON87769、MON89788、A2704-12、A2704-21、A5547-127、A5547-35、DP356043、DAS44406-6、DAS68416-4、DAS-81419-2、GU262、W62、W98、FG72及CV127。
包含除草剂耐受性基因的转殖基因棉事件是例如(但不排除其他)19-51a、31707、42317、81910、281-24-236、3006-210-23、BXN10211、BXN10215、BXN10222、BXN10224、MON1445、MON1698、MON88701、MON88913、GHB119、GHB614、LLCotton25、T303-3及T304-40。
包含除草剂耐受性基因的转殖基因芥花事件是例如(但不排除其他)MON88302、HCR-1、HCN10、HCN28、HCN92、MS1、MS8、PHY14、PHY23、PHY35、PHY36、RF1、RF2及RF3。
昆虫抗性主要通过将针对杀昆虫蛋白质的细菌基因转移至植物中来产生。最常使用的转殖基因是芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus spec.)的毒素基因及其合成变异体,如cry1A、cry1Ab、cry1Ab-Ac、cry1Ac、cry1A.105、cry1F、cry1Fa2、cry2Ab2、cry2Ae、mcry3A、ecry3.1Ab、cry3Bb1、cry34Ab1、cry35Ab1、cry9C、vip3A(a)、vip3Aa20。然而,亦已将植物起源的基因转移至其他植物中。具体而言,编码蛋白酶抑制剂的基因,如CpTI及pinII。另一方法使用转殖基因在植物中产生双股RNA以靶向及下调昆虫基因。此类转殖基因的实例为dvsnf7。
包含针对杀昆虫蛋白质的基因或双股RNA的转殖基因玉米事件是例如(但不排除其他)Bt10、Bt11、Bt176、MON801、MON802、MON809、MON810、MON863、MON87411、MON88017、MON89034、33121、4114、5307、59122、TC1507、TC6275、CBH-351、MIR162、DBT418及MZIR098。
包含针对杀昆虫蛋白质的基因的转殖基因大豆事件是例如(但不排除其他)MON87701、MON87751及DAS-81419。
包含针对杀昆虫蛋白质的基因的转殖基因棉事件是例如(但不排除其他)SGK321、MON531、MON757、MON1076、MON15985、31707、31803、31807、31808、42317、BNLA-601、Event1、COT67B、COT102、T303-3、T304-40、GFM Cry1A、GK12、MLS 9124、281-24-236、3006-210-23、GHB119及SGK321。
产量增加是通过使用玉米事件MON87403中存在的转殖基因athb17增加穗生物量,或通过使用大豆事件MON87712中存在的转殖基因bbx32促进光合成来实现。
包含改变的油含量的作物是通过使用以下转殖基因产生:gm-fad2-1、Pj.D6D、Nc.Fad3、fad2-1A及fatb1-A。包含该基因中的至少一个的大豆事件是:260-05、MON87705及MON87769。
性状常常通过在转型事件中组合基因或通过在育种程序期间组合不同事件来组合。优选的性状组合是针对不同组除草剂的除草剂耐受性;针对不同种类昆虫的昆虫耐受性,特别是针对鳞翅目及鞘翅类昆虫的耐受性;除草剂耐受性与一种或若干类型的昆虫抗性;除草剂耐受性与增加的产量;以及除草剂耐受性与针对非生物条件的耐受性的组合。
包含单一或复合性状的植物以及提供该性状的基因及事件是此项技术中熟知的。举例而言,关于经突变诱发或整合的基因以及相应事件的详细信息可得自组织“国际农业生物技术应用服务组织(International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-biotech Applications,ISAAA)”(http://www.isaaa.org/gmapprovaldatabase)及“环境风险评估中心(Center for Environmental Risk Assessment,CERA)”(http://cera-gmc.org/GMCropDatabase)的网站以及专利申请案,如EP3028573及WO2017/011288。
对作物使用本发明混合物可以引起对包含某一基因或事件的作物具有特异性的作用。该作用可能涉及生长行为的变化或对生物或非生物逆境因素的抗性的变化。此类作用可以特定地包含增加产量;增强针对昆虫、线虫、真菌、细菌、支原体、病毒或类病毒病原体的抗性或耐受性,以及早期萌发势、早期或延迟成熟、冷或热耐受性以及胺基酸或脂肪酸谱或含量改变。
优选为对固杀草具有耐受性的作物,其中固杀草耐受性作物植物优选选自稻谷、芥花、大豆、玉米及棉植物。
包含固杀草耐受性基因的转殖基因玉米事件是例如(但不排除其他)5307×MIR604×Bt11×TC1507×GA21×MIR162(事件代码: 基因:pat,例如以DuracadeTM5222购得)、59122(事件代码:DAS-59122-7,基因:pat,例如以HerculexTMRW购得)、5307×MIR604×Bt11×TC1507×GA21(事件代码: 基因:pat,例如以DuracadeTM5122购得)、59122×NK603(事件代码:基因:pat,例如以HerculexTMRWRoundup ReadyTM2购得)、Bt10(基因:pat,例如以Bt10购得)、Bt11(X4334CBR、X4734CBR)(事件代码:基因:pat,例如以AgrisureTMCB/LL购得)、BT11×59122×MIR604×TC1507×GA21(事件代码: 基因:pat,例如以3122购得)、Bt11×GA21(事件代码: 基因:pat,例如以AgrisureTMGT/CB/LL购得)、Bt11×MIR162(事件代码:基因:pat,例如以VipteraTM2100购得)、Bt11×MIR162×GA21(事件代码:基因:pat,例如以VipteraTM3110购得)、BT11×MIR162×MIR604(事件代码:基因:pat,例如以VipteraTM3100购得)、Bt11×MIR162×MIR604×GA21(事件代码:基因:pat,例如以VipteraTM3111、VipteraTM4购得)、Bt11×MIR162×TC1507×GA21(事件代码: 基因:pat,例如以AgrisureTMViptera 3220购得)、Bt11×MIR604(事件代码: 基因:pat,例如以AgrisureTMCB/LL/RW购得)、BT11×MIR604×GA21(事件代码: 基因:pat,例如以AgrisureTM3000GT购得)、Bt176(176)(事件代码:SYN-EV176-9,基因:bar,例如以NaturGard KnockOutTM、MaximizerTM购得)、CBH-351(事件代码:基因:bar,例如以StarlinkTM玉米购得)、DBT418(事件代码:DKB-89614-9,基因:bar,例如以BtXtraTM玉米购得)、MON89034×TC1507×MON88017×59122(事件代码: 基因:pat,例如以SmartStaxTM购得)、MON89034×TC1507×NK603(事件代码: 基因:pat,例如以Power CoreTM购得)、NK603×T25(事件代码:基因:pat,例如以Roundup ReadyTMLiberty LinkTM玉米购得)、T14(事件代码:基因:pat,例如以Liberty LinkTM玉米购得)、T25(事件代码:基因:pat,例如以Liberty LinkTM玉米购得)、T25×MON810(事件代码:基因:pat,例如以LibertyLinkTMYieldgardTM玉米购得)、TC1507(事件代码:基因:pat,例如以HerculexTMI、HerculexTMCB购得)、TC1507×59122×MON810×MIR604×NK603(事件代码: 基因:pat,例如以OptimumTMIntrasect Xtreme购得)、TC1507×59122(事件代码:基因:pat,例如以Herculex XTRATM购得)、TC1507×59122×MON810×NK603(事件代码: 基因:pat,例如以OptimumTMIntrasect XTRA购得)、TC1507×59122×NK603(事件代码:基因:pat,例如以Herculex XTRATMRR购得)、TC1507×MIR604×NK603(事件代码:基因:pat,例如以OptimumTMTRIsect购得)、TC1507×MON810×NK603(事件代码:基因:pat,例如以OptimumTMIntrasect购得)、TC1507×NK603(事件代码: 基因:pat,例如以HerculexTMI RR购得)、3272×Bt11(事件代码:基因:pat)、3272×Bt11×GA21(事件代码:基因:pat)、3272×Bt11×MIR604(事件代码: 基因:pat)、3272×BT11×MIR604×GA21(事件代码:基因:pat)、33121(事件代码:基因:pat)、4114(事件代码:基因:pat)、59122×GA21(事件代码: 基因:pat)、59122×MIR604(事件代码: 基因:pat)、5307×MIR604×Bt11×TC1507×GA21×MIR162(事件代码:,基因:pat)、59122×MIR604×GA21(事件代码:基因:pat)、59122×MIR604×TC1507(事件代码: 基因:pat)、59122×MIR604×TC1507×GA21(事件代码:基因:pat)、59122×MON810(事件代码:基因:pat)、59122×MON810×NK603(事件代码: 基因:pat)、59122×TC1507×GA21(事件代码:基因:pat)、676(事件代码:基因:pat)、678(事件代码:基因:pat)、680(事件代码:基因:pat)、98140×59122(事件代码:基因:pat)、98140×TC1507(事件代码:基因:pat)、98140×TC1507×59122(事件代码:基因:pat)、59122×MON88017(事件代码:基因:pat)、Bt11×59122(事件代码:基因:pat)、Bt11×59122×GA21(事件代码: 基因:pat)、Bt11×59122×MIR604(事件代码:基因:pat)、Bt11×59122×MIR604×GA21(事件代码: 基因:pat)、Bt11×59122×MIR604×TC1507(事件代码:Bt11×59122×MIR604×TC1507,基因:pat)、Bt11×59122×TC1507(事件代码: 基因:pat)、Bt11×59122×TC1507×GA21(事件代码:基因:pat)、Bt11×MIR162×TC1507(事件代码: 基因:pat)、Bt11×MIR604×TC1507(事件代码:基因:pat)、Bt11×TC1507(事件代码:基因:pat)、Bt11×TC1507×GA21(事件代码: 基因:pat)、GA21×T25(事件代码: 基因:pat)、MIR162×TC1507(事件代码: 基因:pat)、MIR162×TC1507×GA21(事件代码:基因:pat)、MIR604×TC1507(事件代码:基因:pat)、 (事件代码: 基因:pat)、MON89034×59122(事件代码:基因:pat)、MON89034×59122×MON88017(事件代码:,基因:pat)、MON89034×TC1507(事件代码: 基因:pat)、(事件代码:基因:pat)、MIR604×TC1507(事件代码:基因:pat)、(事件代码: 基因:pat)、MON89034×59122(事件代码:基因:pat)、MON89034×59122×MON88017(事件代码:,基因:pat)、MON89034×TC1507(事件代码:基因:pat)、(事件代码:基因:pat)、DLL25(B16)(事件代码:基因:bar)、MIR604×TC1507(事件代码: 基因:pat)、 (事件代码: 基因:pat)、MON89034×59122(事件代码:基因:pat)、MON89034×59122×MON88017(事件代码: 基因:pat)、MON89034×TC1507(事件代码:基因:pat)、MON89034×TC1507×59122(事件代码:基因:pat)、MON89034×TC1507×MON88017(事件代码: 基因:pat)、MON89034×TC1507×MON88017×59122×DAS40278(事件代码: 基因:pat)、MON89034×TC1507×MON88017×DAS40278(事件代码: 基因:pat)、MON89034×TC1507×NK603×DAS40278(事件代码: 基因:pat)、NK603×MON810×4114×MIR 604(事件代码:MON-00603-6×MON-00810-6×DP004114-3×SYN-IR604-4,基因:pat)、TC1507×MON810×MIR604×NK603(事件代码: 基因:pat)、TC1507×59122×MON810(事件代码: 基因:pat)、TC1507×59122×MON88017(事件代码:基因:pat)、TC1507×GA21(事件代码:基因:pat)、TC1507×MON810(事件代码:基因:pat)、TC1507×MON810×MIR162×NK603(事件代码: 基因:pat)、3272×Bt11×MIR604×TC1507×5307×GA21(事件代码: 基因:pat)、TC1507×MIR162×NK603(事件代码:基因:pat)、TC1507×MON810×MIR162(事件代码: 基因:pat)、MON87419(事件代码:MON87419-8,基因:pat)、TC1507×MON88017(事件代码:基因:pat)、TC6275(事件代码:基因:bar)、MZHG0JG(事件代码:基因:pat)、MZIR098(事件代码:基因:pat)、Bt11×MIR162×MON89034(事件代码:基因:pat)及 (事件代码: 基因:pat)、59122×DAS40278(事件代码:基因:pat)、59122×MON810×MIR604(事件代码:基因:pat)、59122×MON810×NK603×MIR604(事件代码: 基因:pat)、59122×MON88017×DAS40278(事件代码: 基因:pat)、59122×NK603×MIR604(事件代码:基因:pat)、Bt11×5307(事件代码:基因:pat)、Bt11×5307×GA21(事件代码:基因:pat)、Bt11×MIR162×5307(事件代码: 基因:pat)、Bt11×MIR162×5307×GA21(事件代码:基因:pat)、BT11×MIR162×MIR604×5307(事件代码: 基因:pat)、Bt11×MIR162×MIR604×5307×GA21(事件代码: 基因:pat)、Bt11×MIR162×MIR604×MON89034×5307×GA21(事件代码: 基因:pat)、BT11×MIR162×MIR604×TC1507(事件代码: 基因:pat)、BT11×MIR162×MIR604×TC1507×5307(事件代码: 基因:pat)、Bt11×MIR162×MIR604×TC1507×GA21(事件代码: 基因:pat)、Bt11×MIR162×TC1507×5307(事件代码: 基因:pat)、BT11×MIR162×MIR604×TC1507×5307(事件代码: 基因:pat)、Bt11×MIR162×MIR604×TC1507×GA21(事件代码: 基因:pat)、Bt11×MIR162×TC1507×5307(事件代码: 基因:pat)、Bt11×MIR162×TC1507×5307×GA21(事件代码: 基因:pat)、Bt11×MIR604×5307(事件代码:基因:pat)、Bt11×MIR604×5307×GA21(事件代码: 基因:pat)、Bt11×MIR604×TC1507×5307(事件代码: 基因:pat)、Bt11×MIR604×TC1507×GA21(事件代码:基因:pat)、Bt11×MON89034(or)(事件代码: 基因:pat)、Bt11×MON89034×GA21(事件代码:基因:pat)、 (事件代码: 基因:pat)、Bt11×TC1507×5307(事件代码:基因:pat)、Bt11×TC1507×5307×GA21(事件代码: 基因:pat)、MIR162×MIR604×TC1507×5307(事件代码: 基因:pat)、MIR162×MIR604×TC1507×5307×GA21(事件代码: 基因:pat)、MIR162×MIR604×TC1507×GA21(事件代码: 基因:pat)、MIR162×TC1507×5307(事件代码:基因:pat)、MIR162×TC1507×5307×GA21(事件代码: 基因:pat)、MIR604×TC1507×5307(事件代码:基因:pat)、MIR162×TC1507×5307(事件代码: 基因:pat)、MIR162×TC1507×5307×GA21(事件代码:基因:pat)、MIR604×TC1507×5307(事件代码: 基因:pat)、MIR604×TC1507×5307xGA21(事件代码:基因:pat)、MIR604×TC1507×GA21(事件代码: 基因:pat)、MON87427×59122(事件代码:MON-87427-7×DAS-59122-7,基因:pat)、MON87427×MON89034×59122(事件代码:基因:pat)、MON87427×MON89034×MON88017×59122(事件代码: 基因:pat)、MON87427×MON89034×TC1507(事件代码: 基因:pat)、MON87427×MON89034×TC1507×59122(事件代码:基因:pat)、MON87427×MON89034×TC1507×MON87411×59122(事件代码: 基因:pat)、MON87427×MON89034×TC1507×MON87411×59122×DAS40278(事件代码: 基因:pat)、MON87427×MON89034×TC1507×MON88017(事件代码: 基因:pat)、MON87427×TC1507(事件代码:基因:pat)、MON87427×TC1507×59122(事件代码:基因:pat)、MON87427×TC1507×MON88017(事件代码: 基因:pat)、MON87427×TC1507×MON88017×59122(事件代码: 基因:pat)、MON89034×59122×DAS40278(事件代码:基因:pat)、MON89034×59122×MON88017×DAS40278(事件代码:基因:pat)、MON89034×TC1507×59122×DAS40278(事件代码:基因:pat)、MON89034×TC1507×DAS40278(事件代码: 基因:pat)、MON89034×TC1507×NK603×MIR162(事件代码: 基因:pat)、TC1507×5307(事件代码: 基因:pat)、TC1507×5307×GA21(事件代码:基因:pat)、TC1507×59122×DAS40278(事件代码: 基因:pat)、TC1507×59122×MON810×MIR604(事件代码:基因:pat)、TC1507×59122×MON88017×DAS40278(事件代码:基因:pat)、TC1507×59122×NK603×MIR604(事件代码:,基因:pat)、TC1507×DAS40278(事件代码:基因:pat)、TC1507×MON810×MIR604(事件代码: 基因:pat)、TC1507×MON810×NK603×MIR604(事件代码: 基因:pat)、TC1507×MON88017×DAS40278(事件代码:基因:pat)及TC1507×NK603×DAS40278(事件代码: 基因:pat)。
包含固杀草耐受性基因的转殖基因大豆事件是例如(但不排除其他)A2704-12(事件代码:基因:pat,例如以Liberty LinkTM大豆购得)、A2704-21(事件代码:基因:pat,例如以Liberty LinkTM大豆购得)、A5547-127(事件代码:基因:pat,例如以Liberty LinkTM大豆购得)、A5547-35(事件代码:基因:pat,例如以Liberty LinkTM大豆购得)、GU262(事件代码:基因:pat,例如以Liberty LinkTM大豆购得)、W62(事件代码:基因:pat,例如以Liberty LinkTM大豆购得)、W98(事件代码:基因:pat,例如以Liberty LinkTM大豆购得)、DAS68416-4(事件代码:DAS-68416-4,基因:pat,例如以EnlistTM大豆购得)、DAS44406-6(事件代码:基因:pat)、DAS68416-4×MON89788(事件代码:DAS-68416-4×MON-89788-1,基因:pat)、(事件代码:基因:pat)、DAS81419×DAS44406-6(事件代码:基因:pat)及FG72×A5547-127(事件代码:基因:pat)。
包含固杀草耐受性基因的转殖基因棉事件是例如(但不排除其他)3006-210-23×281-24-236×MON1445(事件代码: 基因:bar,例如以WideStrikeTMRoundup ReadyTM棉购得)、3006-210-23×281-24-236×MON88913(事件代码:基因:bar,例如以WidestrikeTMRoundup Ready FlexTM棉购得)、3006-210-23×281-24-236×MON88913×COT102(事件代码: 基因:pat,例如以WidestrikeTM×Roundup ReadyFlexTM×VIPCOTTM棉购得)、GHB614×LLCotton25(事件代码:基因:bar,例如以GlyTolTMLiberty LinkTM购得)、GHB614×T304-40×GHB119(事件代码: 基因:bar,例如以GlytolTM×TwinlinkTM购得)、LLCotton25(事件代码:基因:bar,例如以购得)、GHB614×T304-40×GHB119×COT102(事件代码: 基因:bar,例如以GlytolTM×TwinlinkTM×VIPCOTTM棉购得)、LLCotton25×MON15985(事件代码: 基因:bar,例如以FibermaxTMLiberty LinkTMBollgard IITM购得)、T304-40×GHB119(事件代码: 基因:bar,例如以TwinLinkTM棉购得)、GHB614×T304-40×GHB119×COT102(事件代码: 基因:bar,例如以GlytolTM×TwinlinkTM×VIPCOTTM棉购得)、GHB119(事件代码:基因:bar)、GHB614×LLCotton25×MON15985(事件代码:基因:bar)、 (事件代码:MON88701,基因:bar)、T303-3(事件代码:基因:bar)、T304-40(事件代码:基因:bar)、(事件代码:基因:bar)、81910(事件代码:DAS-81910-7,基因:pat)、MON8870(事件代码:基因:bar)、MON88701×MON88913(事件代码: 基因:bar)、MON88701×MON88913×MON15985(事件代码:基因:bar)、281-24-236×3006-210-23×COT102×81910(事件代码: 基因:pat)、COT102×MON15985×MON88913×MON88701(事件代码: 基因:bar)及3006-210-23×281-24-236×MON88913×COT102×81910(事件代码: 基因:pat)。
包含固杀草耐受性基因的转殖基因芥花事件是例如(但不排除其他)HCN10(Topas19/2)(事件代码:,基因:bar,例如以Liberty LinkTMIndependenceTM购得)、HCN28(T45)(事件代码:基因:pat,例如以InVigorTM芥花购得)、HCN92(Topas 19/2(事件代码:基因:bar,例如以Liberty LinkTMInnovatorTM购得)、MS1(B91-4)(事件代码:基因:bar,例如以InVigorTM芥花购得)、MS1×RF1(PGS1)(事件代码: 基因:bar,例如以InVigorTM芥花购得)、MS1×RF2(PGS2)(事件代码:基因:bar,例如以InVigorTM芥花购得)、MS1×RF3(事件代码:基因:bar,例如以InVigorTM芥花购得)、MS8(事件代码:基因:bar,例如以InVigorTM芥花购得)、MS8×RF3(事件代码:基因:bar,例如以InVigorTM芥花购得)、RF1(B93-101)(事件代码:基因:bar,例如以InVigorTM芥花购得)、RF2(B94-2)(事件代码:基因:bar,例如以InVigorTM芥花购得)、RF3(事件代码:基因:bar,例如以InVigorTM芥花购得)、MS1×MON88302(事件代码: 基因:bar,例如以InVigorTM×TruFlexTMRoundup ReadyTM芥花购得)、MS8×MON88302(事件代码: 基因:bar,例如以InVigorTM×TruFlexTMRoundup ReadyTM芥花购得)、RF1×MON88302(事件代码: 基因:bar,例如以InVigorTM×TruFlexTMRoundup ReadyTM芥花购得)、RF2×MON88302(事件代码: 基因:bar,例如以InVigorTM×TruFlexTMRoundup ReadyTM芥花购得)、HCN28×MON88302(事件代码: 基因:pat,例如以InVigorTM×TruFlexTMRoundup ReadyTM芥花购得)、HCN92×MON88302(事件代码: 基因:bar,例如以Liberty LinkTMInnovatorTM×TruFlexTMRoundup ReadyTM芥花购得)、HCR-1(基因:pat)、MON88302×MS8×RF3(事件代码: 基因:bar)、MON88302×RF3(事件代码: 基因:bar)、MS8×RF3×GT73(RT73)(事件代码:,基因:bar)、PHY14(事件代码: 基因:bar)、PHY23(基因:bar)、PHY35(基因:bar)及PHY36(基因:bar)以及73496×RF3(事件代码: 基因:bar)。
包含固杀草耐受性基因的转殖基因稻谷事件是例如(但不排除其他)LLRICE06(事件代码:例如以Liberty LinkTM稻谷购得)、LLRICE601(事件代码:例如以Liberty LinkTM稻谷购得)及LLRICE62(事件代码:例如以Liberty LinkTM稻谷购得)。
本发明混合物可以通过使用熟习此项技术者熟悉的技术,以习知方式施用。适合技术包括喷施、雾化、撒粉、撒布或浇水。施用类型取决于预定目的以熟知方式进行;在任何情况下,其应当确保尽可能最精细地分布根据本发明的活性成分。
在一个实施方案中,本发明混合物主要通过喷施,特别是叶面喷施该混合物的活性成分的含水稀释液施用至场所。施用可以通过惯用喷施技术,使用例如水作为载剂且以约10至2000l/ha或50至1000l/ha(例如100至500l/ha)的喷施液体量进行。通过低体积及超低体积方法施用本发明混合物是可能的,因为其是以微粒形式施用。
所需的纯活性化合物混合物的施用量取决于不合需要植被的密度、植物的发育阶段、使用混合物的位置的气候条件及施用方法。
一般而言,L-固杀草的施用量通常为50g/ha至3000g/ha且优选在100g/ha至2000g/ha或200g/ha至1500g/ha活性物质(a.i.)的范围内,且原卟啉原-IX氧化酶抑制剂的施用量为1g/ha至2000g/ha且优选在5g/ha至1500g/ha范围内,更优选为25g/ha至900g/ha活性物质(a.i.)的范围内。
以下实施例说明本发明,而不强加任何限制。
生物实施例
协同效应可以描述为两种或两种以上化合物的组合作用大于各化合物的个别作用的总和的相互作用。以控制百分比考虑,两种混合搭配物(X与Y)的间协同作用的存在可以使用Colby等式计算(Colby,S.R.,1967,Calculating Synergistic and AntagonisticResponses in Herbicide Combinations,Weeds,15,21-22):
当观察到的组合控制作用大于预期(计算)的组合控制作用(E)时,则该组合作用是协同作用。
以下测试展示本发明的化合物、混合物或组合物对特定杂草的控制功效。然而,由该化合物、混合物或组合物得到的杂草控制不限于该物种。关于该混合物或组合物的间的协同作用或拮抗作用的分析是使用Colby等式测定。
测试方法:
所用培养容器是含具有约3.0%腐殖质作为基质的砂壤土的塑料花盆。对于各物种和/或抗性生物型,分别播种测试植物的种子。对于出苗前处理,在播种之后,藉助于精细分配喷嘴直接施用已在水中悬浮或乳化的活性成分。温和地灌溉容器以促进萌发及生长且随后用透明塑料盖覆盖,直至该植物生根。此覆盖使测试植物均匀萌发,除非其已在活性成分作用下受损。对于出苗后处理,取决于植物习性,先使测试植物生长至3至15cm高度,且接着仅用在水中悬浮或乳化的活性成分处理。为此目的,对测试植物直接播种且使其在相同容器中生长,或先使其作为幼苗单独地生长并在处理之前数天,将其移栽至测试容器中。取决于物种,将植物分别保持在10-25℃或20-35℃。测试期延长至处理后20天。在此时间期间,照管该植物,并评价其对个别处理的反应。评价是通过使用自0至100的量表进行。100意谓植物未出苗或至少地上部分完全破坏,且0意谓无损伤,或正常生长过程。所示数据是两次重复实验的平均值。
产品:
L-固杀草:5%EC配制剂
苯嘧磺草胺:342g/l SC配制剂
化合物II-16:5%EC配制剂(化合物II-16:[3-[2-氯-4-氟-5-(1-甲基-6-三氟甲基-2,4-二侧氧基-1,2,3,4-四氢嘧啶-3-基)苯氧基]-2-吡啶基氧基]乙酸乙酯)
三氟草嗪:500g/l SC配制剂
甲磺草胺:480g/l SC配制剂
研究的杂草:
EPPO代码 | 学名 |
ECHCG | 稗草 |
CYPIR | 碎米莎草 |
ERICA | 小蓬草(Erigeron Canadensis/Conyza canadensis) |
实施例1:用L-固杀草与苯嘧磺草胺的混合物进行出苗后处理
实施例2:L-固杀草与化合物II-16([3-[2-氯-4-氟-5-(1-甲基-6-三氟甲基-2,4-二侧氧基-1,2,3,4-四氢嘧啶-3-基)苯氧基]-2-吡啶基氧基]乙酸乙酯)的混合物进行出苗后处理
实施例3:用L-固杀草与三氟草嗪的混合物进行出苗后处理
实施例4:用L-固杀草与甲磺草胺的混合物进行出苗后处理
Claims (15)
1.一种除草混合物,其包含
a)作为化合物I的L-固杀草及其盐;以及
b)作为化合物II的至少一种原卟啉原-IX氧化酶抑制剂;
其中L-固杀草包含超过70重量%的L-对映异构体。
2.如权利要求1的除草混合物,其中化合物I选自:呈L-固杀草盐形式的L-固杀草铵或L-固杀草钠及呈游离酸形式的L-固杀草。
3.如权利要求1的除草混合物,其中化合物I为L-固杀草铵。
4.如权利要求1-3中任一项的除草混合物,其中L-固杀草包含超过80重量%,优选超过90重量%,甚至更优选95重量%的L-对映异构体。
5.如权利要求1-4中任一项的除草混合物,其中化合物II选自:三氟羧草醚(acifluorfen)、三氟羧草醚钠、草芬定(azafenidin)、苯卡巴腙(bencarbazone)、双苯嘧草酮(benzfendizone)、必芬诺(bifenox)、氟丙嘧草酯(butafenacil)、克繁草(carfentrazone)、乙基克繁草(carfentrazone-ethyl)、克灭甲分(chlormethoxyfen)、吲哚酮草酯(cinidon-ethyl)、异丙吡草酯(fluazolate)、氟哒嗪草酸(flufenpyr)、氟哒嗪草酯(flufenpyr-ethyl)、氟烯草酸(flumiclorac)、氟胺草酯(flumiclorac-pentyl)、丙炔氟草胺(flumioxazin)、乙羧氟草醚(fluoroglycofen)、乙基乙羧氟草醚(fluoroglycofen-ethyl)、嗪草酸(fluthiacet)、嗪草酸甲酯(fluthiacet-methyl)、氟磺胺草醚(fomesafen)、氟硝磺酰胺(halosafen)、乳氟禾草灵(lactofen)、丙炔草酮(oxadiargyl)、草酮(oxadiazon)、乙氧氟草醚(oxyfluorfen)、环戊草酮(pentoxazone)、氟唑草胺(profluazol)、双唑草腈(pyraclonil)、氯吡草酸(pyraflufen)、吡草醚(pyraflufen-ethyl)、苯嘧磺草胺(saflufenacil)、甲磺草胺(sulfentrazone)、噻二唑胺(thidiazimin)、替艾芬斯(tiafenacil)、三氟草嗪(trifludimoxazin)、II-16:[3-[2-氯-4-氟-5-(1-甲基-6-三氟甲基-2,4-二侧氧基-1,2,3,4-四氢嘧啶-3-基)苯氧基]-2-吡啶基氧基]乙酸乙酯(CAS 353292-31-6)、N-乙基-3-(2,6-二氯-4-三氟-甲基苯氧基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-1-甲酰胺(CAS 452098-92-9)、N四氢糠基-3-(2,6-二氯-4-三氟甲基苯氧基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-1-甲酰胺(CAS 915396-43-9)、N-乙基-3-(2-氯-6-氟-4-三氟甲基苯氧基)-5甲基-1H-吡唑-1-甲酰胺(CAS 452099-05-7)、N四氢糠基-3-(2-氯-6-氟-4-三氟甲基苯氧基)-5-甲基-1H-吡唑-1-甲酰胺(CAS 452100-03-7)、3-[7-氟-3-侧氧基-4-(丙-2-炔基)-3,4-二氢-2H-苯并[1,4]嗪-6-基]-1,5-二甲基-6硫酮基-[1,3,5]三嗪烷-2,4-二酮(CAS 451484-50-7)、2-(2,2,7-三氟-3-侧氧基-4-丙-2-炔基-3,4-二氢-2H-苯并[1,4]嗪-6-基)-4,5,6,7-四氢-异吲哚-1,3-二酮(CAS 1300118-96-0)、1-甲基-6-三氟甲基-3-(2,2,7-三氟-3-侧氧基-4-丙-2-炔基-3,4-二氢-2H-苯并[1,4]嗪-6-基)-1H-嘧啶-2,4-二酮(CAS 1304113-05-0)及(E)-4-[2-氯-5[4-氯-5-(二氟甲氧基)-1H-甲基-吡唑-3-基]-4-氟-苯氧基]-3-甲氧基-丁-2烯酸甲酯(CAS 948893-00-3)及3-[7-氯-5-氟-2-(三氟甲基)-1H-苯并咪唑-4-基]-1-甲基-6-(三氟甲基)-1H-嘧啶-2,4-二酮(CAS 212754-02-4)、II-17:2-[2-氯-5-[3-氯-5-(三氟甲基)-2-吡啶基]-4-氟苯氧基]-2-甲氧基-乙酸甲酯(CAS 1970221-16-9)、II-18:2-[[3-[[3-氯-6-[3,6-二氢-3-甲基-2,6-二侧氧基-4-(三氟甲基)-1(2H)-嘧啶基]-5-氟-2-吡啶基]氧基]-2-吡啶基]氧基]-N-(甲基磺酰基)-乙酰胺(CAS 2158276-22-1)、II-19:2-[[3-[[3-氯-6-[3,6-二氢-3-甲基-2,6-二侧氧基-4-(三氟甲基)-1(2H)-嘧啶基]-5-氟-2-吡啶基]氧基]-2-吡啶基]氧基]-乙酸乙酯(CAS2158274-56-5)、II-20:2-[2-[[3-氯-6-[3,6-二氢-3-甲基-2,6-二侧氧基-4-(三氟甲基)-1(2H)-嘧啶基]-5-氟-2-吡啶基]氧基]苯氧基]-N-(甲基磺酰基)-乙酰胺(CAS 2158274-53-2)、II-21:2-[2-[[3-氯-6-[3,6-二氢-3-甲基-2,6-二侧氧基-4-(三氟甲基)-1(2H)-嘧啶基]-5-氟-2-吡啶基]氧基]苯氧基]-乙酸乙酯(CAS 2158274-50-9)、II-22:2-[[3-[2-氯-5-[4-(二氟甲基)-3-甲基-5-侧氧基-1,2,4-三唑-1-基]-4-氟-苯氧基]-2-吡啶基]氧基]乙酸乙酯、II-23:2-[[3-[[3-氯-6-[3,6-二氢-3-甲基-2,6-二侧氧基-4-(三氟甲基)-1(2H)-嘧啶基]-5-氟-2-吡啶基]氧基]-2-吡啶基]氧基]-乙酸甲酯(CAS 2158275-73-9)、II-24:2-[2-[[3-氯-6-[3,6-二氢-3-甲基-2,6-二侧氧基-4-(三氟甲基)-1(2H)-嘧啶基]-5-氟-2-吡啶基]氧基]苯氧基]-乙酸甲酯(CAS 2158274-96-3);II-25:2-[[3-[2-氯-5-[4-(二氟甲基)-3-甲基-5-侧氧基-1,2,4-三唑-1-基]-4-氟-苯氧基]-2-吡啶基]氧基]乙酸甲酯。
6.如权利要求1-4中任一项的除草混合物,其中化合物II选自:克繁草、乙基克繁草、氟磺胺草醚、乙氧氟草醚、苯嘧磺草胺、甲磺草胺、嗪草酸、嗪草酸甲酯、氟丙嘧草酯、环戊草酮、替艾芬斯、三氟草嗪、II-16:[3-[2-氯-4-氟-5-(1-甲基-6-三氟甲基-2,4-二侧氧基-1,2,3,4-四氢嘧啶-3-基)苯氧基]-2-吡啶基氧基]乙酸乙酯、化合物II-17、II-18、II-19、II-20、II-21、II-22、II-23、II-24、II-25、氯吡草酸及吡草醚,
8.如权利要求1-7中任一项的除草混合物,其中化合物I与化合物II的重量比为1000:1至1:500。
9.一种杀虫组合物,其包含液体或固体载剂及如权利要求1-8中任一项的混合物。
10.一种用于控制不合需要的植被的方法,所述方法包括将如权利要求1-8中任一项的混合物施用至存在或预期会存在不合需要的植被的场所。
11.如权利要求10的方法,其包含在作物出苗之前,施用如权利要求1-8中任一项的混合物。
12.如权利要求10的方法,其包含在种植作物之前,施用如权利要求1-8中任一项的混合物。
13.如权利要求10-12中任一项的方法,其中作物选自稻谷、玉米、豆类作物、棉、芥花、小粒谷类、大豆、花生、甘蔗、向日葵、种植园作物、木本作物、坚果及葡萄。
14.如权利要求10-13中任一项的方法,其中作物选自固杀草耐受性作物。
15.如权利要求10-14中任一项的方法,其中如权利要求1-8中任一项的混合物是同时,即共同地或分开地,或依次地施用。
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AU2018314510A1 (en) | 2020-02-13 |
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KR20240095368A (ko) | 2024-06-25 |
CA3070521A1 (en) | 2019-02-14 |
CN110996663B (zh) | 2022-06-07 |
BR122023021523A2 (pt) | 2024-03-05 |
CR20200062A (es) | 2020-02-26 |
TW201916803A (zh) | 2019-05-01 |
CR20230111A (es) | 2023-03-28 |
AR112666A1 (es) | 2019-11-27 |
US20200359631A1 (en) | 2020-11-19 |
KR20200036013A (ko) | 2020-04-06 |
IL272160A (en) | 2020-03-31 |
CO2020001359A2 (es) | 2020-02-18 |
BR112020002093A2 (pt) | 2020-07-28 |
BR122023021512A2 (pt) | 2024-03-05 |
CN114831133A (zh) | 2022-08-02 |
BR122023021521A2 (pt) | 2024-03-05 |
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