CN110583400A - System and method for breeding rana nigromaculata in rice field - Google Patents
System and method for breeding rana nigromaculata in rice field Download PDFInfo
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- CN110583400A CN110583400A CN201910999549.9A CN201910999549A CN110583400A CN 110583400 A CN110583400 A CN 110583400A CN 201910999549 A CN201910999549 A CN 201910999549A CN 110583400 A CN110583400 A CN 110583400A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
Abstract
The invention relates to a rana nigromaculata breeding system and a rana nigromaculata breeding method in a rice field, which comprise a rice planting mechanism, a rana nigromaculata breeding mechanism and an escape-proof mechanism, wherein the rice planting mechanism comprises a rice planting area and rice; the rana nigromaculata breeding mechanism comprises a ditch arranged in the middle of the rice planting area, and the ditch longitudinally penetrates through the rice planting area; the rana nigromaculata breeding mechanism further comprises a feeding platform arranged around the rice planting area, and the feeding platform is used for feeding food materials required by rana nigromaculata; the rice is planted in double rows, the area close to the ditch is densely planted, and the planting density of the end far away from the ditch is reduced in sequence; the anti-escape mechanism comprises anti-escape baffles arranged around the feeding platform. The water ditch is arranged in the middle of the rice cultivation area, the cultivation of the rana nigromaculata is carried out while the rice is planted, the rana nigromaculata is an insect-catching hand in the rice field, and the rice pests are not only bait for the rana nigromaculata, but also excrement of the rana nigromaculata and organic fertilizer for the rice.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural production, and particularly relates to a rice field rana nigromaculata breeding system and method.
Background
Rana nigromaculata (school name: Pelophytax nigromaculatus) is an amphibian of Ranidae, genus Rana. The rana nigromaculata is slightly small in male, slightly longer than wide in head, blunt in head and slightly sharp, invisible in edge, short in forelimb, short and rich in hind limb, the tibioarticular anterior eye part, almost all web between toes, the back of adult is dark green, yellow green or brown gray, has irregular black spots, and the abdomen is white and has no spots. The rana nigromaculata likes to be clustered, live on land and water, live at night after dusk, prey and hibernate, the tadpole period is omnivorous, the adult period takes insects as food, the adult period breeds in 4-7 months, 2-3.5 thousand eggs are laid each time, the rana nigromaculata cheng inhabits a water area with the altitude of 500 plus 1000 meters and nearby grass clusters, and the rana nigromaculata cheng is distributed in China, Japan, Korean democratic people's republic of civilians, Korea and Russian federation.
Early years ago, Rana nigromaculata has been listed in the endangered species catalogue of the world. At present, methods for symbiotic cultivation of frogs and rice exist in the industry, but symbiotic cultivation of rana nigromaculata is not involved. As the rana nigromaculata is an insect-catching hand, the rana nigromaculata cultured in the rice can help the rice to deinsectize, and the method is a feasible culture method.
However, the existing system for frog-rice symbiotic cultivation is not perfect enough, the water level of the rice field cannot be adjusted in real time according to the requirements of the frog and the rice, and when the frog-rice symbiotic cultivation is carried out, fertilizers generated by the frog cannot uniformly and sufficiently flow to a rice planting area, so that most of nutrients generated by the frog slip away along with water to cause great waste, and the growth of the rice in the symbiotic system cannot be promoted. Therefore, the design of the system and the culture method for symbiosis of the rana nigromaculata and the rice, which can solve the problem, has important practical significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provide a rice field rana nigromaculata breeding system and a rice field rana nigromaculata breeding method which are simple in structure and reasonable in design.
The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme:
a rana nigromaculata system for breeding rice fields comprises a rice planting mechanism, a rana nigromaculata breeding mechanism and an escape-proof mechanism, wherein the rice planting mechanism comprises a rice planting area and rice, a ditch is formed in the middle of the rice planting area, and the ditch longitudinally penetrates through the rice planting area;
the rana nigromaculata breeding mechanism comprises a feeding platform arranged around the rice planting area, and the feeding platform is used for feeding food materials required by rana nigromaculata;
the rice is planted in a double-row variable-pitch mode, the rice is densely planted in the area close to the ditch, and the planting density of the area far away from the ditch is reduced in sequence;
the anti-escape mechanism comprises anti-escape baffles arranged around the feeding platform.
As a further optimized scheme of the invention, one end of the ditch is provided with a water inlet pipe, and the water inlet pipe is connected with a water source arranged outside the system and used for supplying water to the ditch; the other end of ditch is provided with the outlet pipe, the ditch is provided with water drainage tank with the one end of going out water piping connection.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, filter screens are arranged at one ends of the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe close to the ditch, and the mesh diameter of each filter screen is not more than 40 meshes.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, an anti-seepage mulching film is laid on the surface of the feeding platform, and a layer of polyethylene dense net is laid on the surface of the anti-seepage mulching film.
As a further optimized proposal of the invention, the side wall of the ditch is inclined; the lateral wall of throwing material platform and rice planting district contact all is provided with the slope, be 1 between slope and the ground: a bank-to-slope ratio of 3.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, a plurality of illuminating lamps are arranged around the feeding platform.
A method for cultivating rana nigromaculata in a rice field by using the system comprises the following steps:
step S1: rice planting
Injecting water into the ditch, and sowing rice in a rice planting area, wherein the rice planting adopts large-ridge double-row planting, the area close to the ditch is densely planted, and the planting density of one end far away from the ditch is reduced in sequence;
step S2: rana nigromaculata breeding
Putting rana nigromaculata larvae into the ditch, adjusting the pH value of the ditch, adding a microecological preparation into the ditch to reduce the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the water body so as to achieve an environment suitable for the growth of rana nigromaculata, and putting foodstuff according to the growth requirement of rana nigromaculata;
step S3: management of field
And in the culture period, monitoring the water level and the water quality of the ditch in real time, and regulating and controlling the water level of the ditch according to the requirements of the rana nigromaculata and the rice on the water level in different growth periods.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the pH value of the water in the ditch is maintained to be between 7.5 and 8.5 in the step S2, and the microecologics comprise photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, in step S3, when the rice grows to a certain period, the field drying operation is required, and when the field drying operation is performed, the semi-dry state of the rice planting area needs to be maintained, water is injected into the ditch every 2-3 days, the water is changed for the rice planting area, and the temperature difference in the ditch before and after the water injection does not exceed 3 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) according to the invention, the ditch is arranged in the rice planting area, the breeding of the rana nigromaculata tadpoles is carried out while the rice is planted, the rana nigromaculata is used for predating pests in the rice planting area, and the excrement of the rana nigromaculata can also be used as a fertilizer for the rice;
2) according to the method, rice is planted in the rice planting area in double ridges and close to the ditch for close planting, and the planting density far away from the ditch is reduced, so that on one hand, the probability of sunlight irradiation of the rice can be improved, on the other hand, the rana nigromaculata is guided to move towards two ends of the rice planting area by a close-to-thin planting mode, so that the rana nigromaculata can be conveniently foraged, and can be spread over the whole rice planting area, and the rana nigromaculata is beneficial to uniform distribution of pests and excreta;
3) according to the method, the rana nigromaculata is cultured in the rice field, so that chemical fertilizers and pesticides can be completely omitted from the rice field, the pollution of the chemical fertilizers and the pesticides to the environment can be reduced, and the soil hardening of the farmland is avoided;
4) the invention can trap insects such as moths and the like at night by arranging the illuminating lamps at the periphery of the feeding platform, thereby providing supplementary food for the rana nigromaculata;
5) according to the invention, the anti-escape mechanism is arranged on the periphery of the feeding platform, so that the rana nigromaculata can be prevented from escaping from the system, and the yield of the rana nigromaculata can be prevented from being influenced;
6) the method is simple, high in structural stability, reasonable in design and convenient to implement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a rice planting area; 2. a ditch; 3. a feeding platform; 21. a water inlet pipe; 22. a water outlet pipe; 31. an anti-escape baffle; 32. an illuminating lamp.
Detailed Description
The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings, it should be noted that the following detailed description is given for illustrative purposes only and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present application, as those skilled in the art will be able to make numerous insubstantial modifications and adaptations to the present application based on the above disclosure.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-2, a rana nigromaculata system is cultivated in a rice field, the system comprises a rice planting mechanism, a rana nigromaculata cultivating mechanism and an escape-proof mechanism, the rice planting mechanism comprises a rice planting area 1 and rice, the rice planting area 1 is used for planting the rice, the rice planting area 1 needs to be an area with the advantages of wide ground, flat terrain, good water retention, wind and sun sheltering, quiet environment, good traffic convenience and electric power matching, soil matrix of the area is clay, the planting area of the rana nigromaculata cultivating system in each rice field is about 30-50 mu, and each rice planting area is 1 m long and 32m wide.
A ditch 2 is formed in the middle of the rice planting area 1, the ditch 2 longitudinally penetrates through the rice planting area 1, the width of the ditch 2 is 0.6m, the depth of the ditch 2 is 0.4m, the ditch 2 is used for breeding rana nigromaculata tadpoles on one hand, and on the other hand, the ditch can also be used for draining sewage, irrigating and the like; one end of the ditch 2 is provided with a water inlet pipe 21, and the water inlet pipe 21 is connected with a water source arranged outside the system and used for supplying water to the ditch 2; the other end of the ditch 2 is provided with a water outlet pipe 22, one end of the ditch 2 connected with the water outlet pipe 22 is provided with a drainage groove, the width of the drainage groove is 0.6m, the depth of the drainage groove is 0.4m, so that water sources at the position of the water outlet pipe 22 can be conveniently accumulated, and drainage is convenient; the filter screens are arranged at one ends of the water inlet pipe 21 and the water outlet pipe 22 close to the ditch 2, the mesh diameter of each filter screen is not more than 40 meshes, and the filter screens can prevent the rana nigromaculata tadpoles from escaping through the water inlet pipe 21 and the water outlet pipe 22; the side wall of the ditch 2 is inclined, so that water can be conveniently supplied to the rice planting areas 1 on the two sides of the ditch 2, and the water can be conveniently landed when the rana nigromaculata tadpoles are transformed into the rana nigromaculata.
The rana nigromaculata breeding mechanism comprises a feeding platform 3 arranged around the rice planting area 1, the feeding platform 3 is 1.2m wide, and the feeding platform 3 is used for feeding foodstuff required by rana nigromaculata, so that the rana nigromaculata can conveniently find food on the feeding platform 3 and inhabit the rana nigromaculata; black anti-seepage mulching films with the thickness of 0.8m are laid on the surface of the feeding platform 3, a layer of elastic polyethylene dense net is laid on the surface of each anti-seepage mulching film, and the anti-seepage mulching films are arranged below the ground surface, so that food materials are prevented from leaking below the ground surface, and the food materials are wasted; the lateral wall of throwing material platform 3 and 1 contact in rice planting district all is provided with the slope, be 1 between slope and the ground: the bank slope ratio of 3 is convenient for the rana nigromaculata to move between the rice planting area 1 and the feeding platform 3 by arranging a slope with a certain bank slope ratio between the feeding platform 3 and the rice breeding area.
The anti-escape mechanism comprises an anti-escape baffle 31 arranged on the periphery of the feeding platform 3, the anti-escape baffle 31 is used for preventing rana nigromaculata from escaping from the rice planting area 1, the rana nigromaculata is guaranteed to move in a specific area, the top end of the anti-escape baffle 31 is also provided with an inverted eave, and the rana nigromaculata is further prevented from escaping.
It should be noted that a plurality of illuminating lamps 32 are further arranged around the feeding platform 3, the illuminating lamps 32 are connected with a power output end arranged in the system, and the operation of each illuminating lamp 32 is driven by a power supply, and the illuminating lamps 32 are arranged around the feeding platform 3, so that insects such as moths can be trapped at night, and food is supplemented for rana nigromaculata.
A method for breeding Rana nigromaculata in rice field comprises the following steps:
step S1: rice planting
Injecting proper amount of water into the ditch 2, sowing rice in the rice planting area 1, wherein the rice is planted by adopting double-row variable-pitch planting, namely, the planting distance of every two rows is 5cm, the planting distance of every two adjacent rows is 10cm, the area close to the ditch 2 is densely planted, and the planting density of one end far away from the ditch 2 is reduced in sequence;
step S2: rana nigromaculata breeding
Putting the rana nigromaculata tadpoles into the ditch 2, adjusting the pH value of the ditch 2, adding a microecological preparation into the ditch, reducing the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the water body so as to achieve an environment suitable for the growth of the rana nigromaculata tadpoles, and putting foodstuff according to the growth requirement of the rana nigromaculata;
step S3: management of field
In the growth period of the rice and the rana nigromaculata, the water level and the water quality of the ditch 2 are monitored in real time, the water level and the water quality of the ditch 2 are controlled according to the requirements of the rana nigromaculata and the rice on the water level in different growth periods, and the regulation and the control of the water level and the water quality are determined according to the requirements of the rana nigromaculata and the rice in different growth periods.
In step S2, the pH of the water in the ditch 2 is maintained at 7.5-8.5, and the microecologics comprise photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus; in the step S3, when the rice grows to a certain period, the field sunning operation is required, the field sunning operation is divided into light sunning or short-term sunning, when the field sunning is performed, the rice planting area 1 needs to be kept in a semi-dry wet state, water is injected into the ditch 2 every 2-3 days, the water is changed for the rice planting area 1 to protect the rice planting area 1 in the semi-dry wet state, and the temperature difference in the ditch 2 before and after water injection does not exceed 3 ℃.
According to the invention, the ditch 2 is arranged in the rice planting area 1, so that the cultivation of the rana nigromaculata tadpoles is carried out while the rice is planted, the rana nigromaculata is used for predating pests in the rice planting area 1, and the excrement of the rana nigromaculata can also be used as a fertilizer for the rice; according to the method, rice is planted in the rice planting area 1 in double ridges and close to the ditch 2 for close planting, and the planting density far away from the ditch 2 is reduced, so that on one hand, the probability of sunlight irradiation of the rice can be improved, on the other hand, the rana nigromaculata is guided to move towards two ends of the rice planting area 1 in a close-to-thin planting mode, so that foraging of the rana nigromaculata is facilitated, the rana nigromaculata can be spread over the whole rice planting area 1, and the uniform distribution of predatory pests and excreta of the rana nigromaculata is facilitated; the illuminating lamps 32 are arranged on the periphery of the feeding platform 3, so that insects such as moths and the like can be trapped at night, and supplementary food is provided for rana nigromaculata; according to the invention, the anti-escape mechanism is arranged on the periphery of the feeding platform 3, so that the rana nigromaculata can be prevented from escaping from the system, and the yield of the rana nigromaculata can be prevented from being influenced; according to the method, the rana nigromaculata is cultured in the rice field, so that chemical fertilizers and pesticides can be completely omitted from the rice field, the pollution of the chemical fertilizers and the pesticides to the environment can be reduced, and the soil hardening of the farmland is avoided; the ditch in the invention can be used for irrigation and also can be used for cultivating tadpoles.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A rice field cultured rana nigromaculata system is characterized in that: the system comprises a rice planting mechanism, a rana nigromaculata breeding mechanism and an escape prevention mechanism, wherein the rice planting mechanism comprises a rice planting area (1) and rice, a ditch (2) is formed in the middle of the rice planting area (1), and the ditch (2) longitudinally penetrates through the rice planting area (1);
the rana nigromaculata breeding mechanism comprises a feeding platform (3) arranged around the rice planting area (1), and the feeding platform (3) is used for feeding food materials required by rana nigromaculata;
the rice is planted in a double-row variable-pitch mode, the area close to the ditch (2) is densely planted, and the planting density of the area far away from the ditch (2) is reduced in sequence;
the anti-escape mechanism comprises anti-escape baffles (31) arranged around the feeding platform (3).
2. The rice field rana nigromaculata system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: one end of the ditch (2) is provided with a water inlet pipe (21), and the water inlet pipe (21) is connected with a water source arranged outside the system and used for supplying water to the ditch (2); the other end of ditch (2) is provided with outlet pipe (22), the one end that ditch (2) and outlet pipe (22) are connected is provided with the water drainage tank.
3. The rice field rana nigromaculata system as claimed in claim 2, wherein: one ends of the water inlet pipe (21) and the water outlet pipe (22) close to the ditch (2) are respectively provided with a filter screen, and the diameter of meshes of the filter screens is not more than 40 meshes.
4. The rice field rana nigromaculata system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: an anti-seepage mulching film is laid on the surface of the feeding platform (3), and a layer of polyethylene dense net is laid on the surface of the anti-seepage mulching film.
5. The rice field rana nigromaculata system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the side wall of the ditch (2) is inclined; the lateral wall of throwing material platform (3) and rice planting district (1) contact all is provided with the slope, be 1 between slope and the ground: a bank-to-slope ratio of 3.
6. The rice field rana nigromaculata system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a plurality of illuminating lamps (32) are also arranged around the feeding platform (3).
7. A method for cultivating Rana nigromaculata in a paddy field by using the system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
step S1: rice planting
Injecting water into the ditch (2), sowing rice in the rice planting area (1), wherein the rice planting adopts large-ridge double-row planting, the area close to the ditch (2) is densely planted, and the planting density at one end far away from the ditch (2) is reduced in sequence;
step S2: rana nigromaculata breeding
Putting rana nigromaculata larvae into the ditch (2), adjusting the pH value of the ditch (2), adding a microecological preparation into the ditch to reduce the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in water so as to achieve an environment suitable for the growth of rana nigromaculata, and putting foodstuff according to the growth requirement of rana nigromaculata;
step S3: management of field
And in the culture period, monitoring the water level and the water quality of the ditch (2) in real time, and regulating and controlling the water level of the ditch (2) according to the requirements of the rana nigromaculata and the rice on the water level in different growth periods.
8. The method for breeding Rana nigromaculata in rice field according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the pH value of the water in the ditch (2) in the step S2 is maintained between 7.5 and 8.5, and the microecologics comprise photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus.
9. The method for breeding Rana nigromaculata in rice field according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S3, when the rice grows to a certain period, the field sunning operation is required, when the field sunning is carried out, the semi-dry state of the rice planting area (1) is required to be kept, water is injected into the ditch (2) every 2-3 days, the water is changed for the rice planting area (1), and the temperature difference in the ditch (2) before and after the water injection is not more than 3 ℃.
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| CN110583400B (en) | 2021-10-15 |
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