CN110558135A - method for constructing improved litchi variety cutting orchard by using aged litchi orchard - Google Patents
method for constructing improved litchi variety cutting orchard by using aged litchi orchard Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
- A01G2/35—Cutting; Inserting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
- A01G2/38—Holding; Ligating
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fruit tree breeding, in particular to a method for constructing a litchi fine variety cutting orchard by utilizing an old litchi orchard, which comprises the following steps of (1) selecting and thinning the old litchi orchard; (2) the old tree root system is renewed and rejuvenated; (3) cutting the rootstock and culturing the sprout; (4) scion treatment; (5) a grafting method; (6) managing stock and spike after grafting; (7) branch management and ear cutting garden management and protection. The method for constructing the improved-variety litchi orchard by using the old litchi orchard has the advantages of simple operation and high survival rate, the improved-variety scions can grow rapidly through developed root systems and sufficient nutrients of the old litchi trees, the high-yield period of the scions can be reached after three years of grafting, a large number of improved-variety scions can be rapidly produced, the requirements of the litchi industry on the improved-variety scions can be met, and the resource updating and the reutilization of the old litchi orchard with no pipe can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fruit tree breeding, in particular to a method for constructing a litchi fine variety cutting orchard by utilizing an old litchi orchard.
Background
the litchi industry in China rapidly increases in the last 80-90 s, the cultivation area reaches more than 50 million hectares, the sum of the yields of black leaves, Feizixiao, Huai branches, cinnamon flavor, white sugar poppy and white wax in main cultivated varieties exceeds 75% of the total yield of the areas where the main cultivated varieties are located every year, and the phenomena of difficulty in litchi selling, no income increase and low fruit injury to farmers are frequently caused due to high variety production concentration and unreasonable variety structures and high staged market supply pressure. The litchi production mainly adopts a high grafting and seed changing technology to change low-quality varieties into good varieties, which needs a large amount of good-quality scions in production and needs to be solved by establishing a scion cutting garden.
At present, the ages of a plurality of litchi gardens in the traditional litchi producing area of China are more than 20 years, the trees are high and large in shielding, the branches are delicate, the yield is low, fruit harvesting is difficult, the production benefit is remarkably reduced, the production enthusiasm of fruit growers is frustrated, and the phenomena of pipe losing and pipe abandoning of the aged litchi gardens are increasingly serious, so that great resource waste is caused if the trees are not updated and reused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for building a litchi fine breed scion garden by using an old litchi garden, which is simple to operate and high in survival rate, enables fine breed scions to grow rapidly through developed root systems and sufficient nutrients of old litchi trees, can rapidly produce a large number of fine breed scions to meet the requirements of litchi industries on the fine breed scions, and can realize resource updating and recycling of the old litchi garden without management.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method for constructing a litchi fine variety cutting orchard by utilizing an old litchi orchard comprises the following steps:
(1) Selection and thinning of old litchi orchard: selecting an aged litchi orchard with regular forest facies and 20-30 years of age, thinning and adjusting the density of litchi trees; and (3) thinning the forest stand with overlarge density, wherein the density of the litchi tree is controlled to be 20-30 plants/mu according to the principles of poor quality and excellent quality during thinning and density removal, so that the nutrient of the tree body can be ensured to be enough for supplying improved scions, and the survival rate of the improved scions is ensured. Wherein the aged litchi orchard comprises one or more of Huai Zhi, white sugar poppy and white wax.
(2) And (3) updating and rejuvenating the root system of the old tree: after the litchi harvest is finished in 7 months, removing weeds in the old litchi orchard, ploughing the garden, applying organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, improving soil fertility, promoting root growth and development and updating the root system; wherein, fertilization is carried out for three times in one year, the fertilization is carried out before the young shoots of the litchis in winter, spring and summer, and the fertilization amount of each strain of the litchis is as follows: 20-30kg of organic fertilizer, 3-5kg of potassium fertilizer, 5-8kg of compound fertilizer and 2-5kg of phosphate fertilizer.
(3) Cutting the stock and culturing the sprouts: cutting the trunk or main branch (namely the branch of the first round) at the position 100-120cm away from the ground by using a chain saw, smearing the saw cut with a wound smearing agent, and covering the trunk with cut branches and leaves to shield the sun, so that the phenomena of water evaporation loss, bark cracking and the like of the saw cut of the stump under the violent sun are prevented. Wherein, 1 middle branch is reserved as a water pumping branch during trunk cutting, a large number of adventitious buds can sprout on the stump 1 month after trunk cutting, 5-6 evenly distributed sprouts are reserved in different directions of each stump as grafting branches, and the rest sprouts are all wiped off. In the next 3 and 4 months, the sprout can be used as grafting for grafting when the sprout grows to about 1cm in diameter. The diameter of the sprout strip is about 1cm, so that the crown can be quickly formed, the operation is simple, and the grafting height of 100-120cm is convenient for operators to perform grafting operation.
(4) Scion treatment; selecting strong annual aged branches with plump bud eyes on an improved seed mother tree, removing leaves, cutting into scions with the length of 3-5cm, and reserving 2-3 bud eyes on the scions;
(5) The grafting method comprises the following steps: cutting off the grafting base part at about 10cm, grafting by a cutting grafting method, and binding the scion and the connector from bottom to top by a grafting film after grafting; grafting 10-15 scions on each big tree; if the quantity of the grafted scions is too small, the late-stage scion yield is low; if the quantity of grafted scions is too large, branches are overcrowded and grow badly.
(6) And (3) stock and spike management after grafting: checking the scion 40-50 days after grafting, if the scion does not survive, performing in-time supplementary grafting or performing supplementary grafting in autumn, if the top of a bud on the surviving scion does not break a grafting film, manually picking the bud, performing pest control every 7-10 days when the scion grows out of the first round of buds, and continuously spraying compound pesticide liquid for 2-3 times; meanwhile, the vitality of the scion is weak in the early survival stage, and the sprouts growing on the stock need to be wiped off frequently, so that the situation that the sprouts on the stock compete for nutrients with the scion and the scion grows weak and even dies is avoided.
wherein the compound pesticide liquid is a mixture of an pyrethroid pesticide and a broad-spectrum bactericide in a weight ratio of 4-8: 3-5; the pyrethroid insecticide is a mixture of any two of fenpropathrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, fenvalerate and cypermethrin in a weight ratio of 1: 1; the broad-spectrum bactericide is one of carbendazim, thiophanate, chlorothalonil, quintozene and 50-70% of thiram, methyl and sulfur by mass.
(7) Branch management and protection of a cutting orchard: after the scion grafting survives, branch management and protection of a scion cutting garden are carried out regularly;
Wherein, the specific operation of branch management is as follows: protecting the stock and ear joint part within one year of survival of grafting, and binding and fixing the stock and ear joint part by using a bamboo pole before strong wind comes to prevent the stock and ear joint part from being torn; and removing the grafting film bound at the grafting joint after the first batch of new shoots drawn out of the scion is aged, preventing the grafting film from binding the growth of the scion stock joint, and sawing off the water pumping branches left during stem cutting. Thinning branches of densely distributed survival scions according to conditions, and pinching branches with small branch quantity; the scions can be properly picked after one year of grafting, and 6000-10000 scions are produced per mu after two years of grafting; after three years of grafting, the tree body can grow to about 80% of the crown width before stem cutting, and the tree enters the high-yield period of the scion.
The specific operation of the management and protection of the cutting orchard is as follows: thinning branches every year after the scion cutting garden enters the scion high-yield period, if necessary, adopting a retraction pruning mode, controlling the crown width and height of the tree body to the extent that plants are not shaded mutually, and facilitating the cultivation of robust branches; and pest control treatment is performed once every quarter.
The compound insecticidal liquid medicine adopted in the pest control treatment is the same as that in the step (6), and the compound insecticidal liquid medicine is a mixture consisting of pyrethroid insecticides and broad-spectrum bactericides in a weight ratio of 4-8: 3-5; the pyrethroid insecticide is a mixture of any two of fenpropathrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, fenvalerate and cypermethrin in a weight ratio of 1: 1; the broad-spectrum bactericide is one of carbendazim, thiophanate, chlorothalonil, quintozene and 50-70% of thiram, methyl and sulfur by mass.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method for constructing the litchi fine breed scion orchard by using the old litchi orchard has the advantages of simple operation and high survival rate, the fine breed scions can grow rapidly through developed root systems and sufficient nutrients of tree bodies of the old litchi trees, the high-yield period of the scions can be reached after three years of grafting, a large number of fine breed scions can be rapidly produced, the demand of the litchi industry on the fine breed scions can be met, and the resource updating and the reutilization of the old litchi orchard with no pipe can be realized; furthermore, the advantages are summarized as follows:
(1) The survival rate is high. The three varieties have wide compatibility, and the three varieties are used as grafting stocks of improved litchi varieties, so that the grafting compatibility is good, the survival rate is high and can reach 80-90%, and the highest survival rate can reach more than 90%.
(2) The operation is simple. According to the invention, the trunk cutting height of the old litchi tree is controlled to be between 100 and 120cm, and the small branch grafting is carried out when the diameter of the sprout of the old litchi tree is about 1cm, so that the crown can be quickly formed, the operation is simple, and the grafting height is convenient for an operator to carry out grafting operation.
(3) the scion grows fast and has high yield. As the stock is a big tree of 20-30 years, the root system is developed, the tree body nutrient left during trunk cutting is sufficient, and the scion after grafting survival has fast growth and high growth quantity.
(4) The orchard transformation is fast. The method for constructing the improved litchi variety scion cutting garden can transform an aged litchi garden into a scion cutting garden with high scion yield within three to four years; when the cutting orchard is not needed in production, the cutting orchard can be converted into a production orchard for production management, and fruit bearing can be carried out next year for production.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples for facilitating understanding of those skilled in the art, and the description of the embodiments is not intended to limit the present invention.
Example 1
A method for constructing a litchi cutting orchard by using an old litchi orchard comprises the following steps:
(1) selection and thinning of old litchi orchard: selecting an aged litchi garden with a variety of 'Huai branches', regular forest looks and 30 years of tree age for reconstruction; thinning is carried out on the forest stands with overlarge density, the principles of poor quality and excellent quality during thinning and density removal and thinning are followed, and the effective number of plants is 20 plants/mu.
(2) And (3) updating and rejuvenating the root system of the old tree: after litchi harvest is finished in 7 months, weeds in the garden are completely removed, the garden is ploughed, organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer are applied, soil fertility is improved, root growth and development are promoted, and the root system is updated. Applying fertilizers for 3 times in one year, wherein the fertilization is carried out before the shoots of the litchis in winter, spring and summer, and the fertilizing amount of each litchis is as follows: 20kg of organic fertilizer, 5kg of potassium fertilizer, 7kg of compound fertilizer and 5kg of phosphate fertilizer.
(3) cutting the stock and culturing the sprouts: cutting the main branch at a position 100cm away from the ground by using a chain saw, smearing a saw cut by using a wound smearing agent, and covering the trunk with cut branches and leaves to shield the sun so as to prevent the bark of the stump from cracking. And (3) reserving 1 centered branch as a water pumping branch during trunk cutting, and sprouting a large number of adventitious buds on the stumps 1 month after trunk cutting, reserving 5 sprouting branches uniformly distributed in different directions of each stump as grafting branches, and wiping off the rest sprouting branches. In the next 3 months, the sprout can be used as grafting for grafting when the sprout grows to about 1cm in diameter.
(4) Scion treatment: selecting strong annual mature branches with plump bud eyes on a mother tree of a fine litchi variety Lingfeng glutinous rice, removing leaves, cutting into scions with the length of 3-5cm, and reserving 2-3 bud eyes on the scions.
(5) The grafting method comprises the following steps: cutting off the grafting base part at about 10cm, grafting by a cutting grafting method, and binding the scion and the connector from bottom to top by a grafting film after grafting; 10-15 scions are grafted on each big tree.
(6) And (3) stock and spike management after grafting: checking whether the scion survives 40 days after grafting, and timely supplementing and grafting the scion which does not survive. If the bud top on the survival scion does not break the grafted film, manual bud picking is needed; when the scion grows out of the first round of germination, pest control is carried out once every 7 days, and a compound insecticidal liquid medicine is sprayed and selected, wherein the compound insecticidal liquid medicine comprises 3 parts of fenpropathrin, 3 parts of high-efficiency cyhalothrin and 4 parts of carbendazim, and the compound insecticidal liquid medicine is sprayed after being diluted by 500 times with water and is continuously sprayed for 2 times. In the early stage of scion survival, sprouts growing on the stock are usually wiped off, so that the sprouts on the stock are prevented from competing for nutrients with the scion, and the scion is weak and even dies.
(7) Branch management: firstly, the scion and stock joint part needs to be protected well within one year of scion grafting survival, and the scion and stock joint part is bound and fixed by a bamboo pole before strong wind comes to prevent the scion and stock joint part from being torn; secondly, after the first batch of new shoots drawn out of the scion is aged, removing the grafting film bound at the grafting joint part to prevent the grafting film from binding the growth of the scion joint part of the stock and the scion, and sawing off the water-pumping branches left during trunk cutting; finally, thinning branches of densely distributed survival scions according to conditions, and pinching branches with small branch quantity. The spike can be properly picked after one year of grafting; 6000 scions are produced per mu after two years of grafting; after three years of grafting, the tree body can grow to about 80% of the crown width before stem cutting, and the tree enters the high-yield period of the scion.
(8) Managing and protecting the cutting orchard: after the scion cutting garden enters the scion high-yield period, proper branch thinning is carried out every year, if necessary, a retraction pruning mode is adopted, the crown width and height of the tree body are controlled, and the robust branches can be conveniently cultivated on the premise that plants are not shaded. And (3) carrying out pest control once every quarter, spraying and selecting a compound insecticidal liquid, wherein the compound insecticidal liquid comprises 3 parts of fenpropathrin, 3 parts of fenvalerate and 4 parts of thiophanate, and spraying after diluting the compound insecticidal liquid by 800 times with water.
Example 2
A method for constructing a litchi fine variety cutting orchard by utilizing an old litchi orchard comprises the following steps:
(1) Selection and thinning of old litchi orchard: selecting white sugar poppy and white wax as cultivars, and an aged litchi orchard with regular forest looks and 30 years old for reconstruction; thinning is carried out on the forest stands with overlarge density, the principles of poor quality and excellent quality during thinning and density removal and thinning are followed, and the effective number of plants is 30 plants/mu.
(2) And (3) updating and rejuvenating the root system of the old tree: after litchi harvest is finished in 7 months, weeds in the garden are completely removed, the garden is ploughed, organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer are applied, soil fertility is improved, root growth and development are promoted, and the root system is updated. Applying fertilizers for 3 times in one year, wherein the fertilization is carried out before the shoots of the litchis in winter, spring and summer, and the fertilizing amount of each litchis is as follows: 30kg of organic fertilizer, 3kg of potassium fertilizer, 5kg of compound fertilizer and 2kg of phosphate fertilizer.
(3) Cutting the stock and culturing the sprouts: cutting the main branches at the position 120cm away from the ground by using a chain saw, smearing the saw cuts by using a wound smearing agent, and covering the trunks with cut branches and leaves to shield sunlight so as to prevent the bark of the stumps from cracking. And (3) reserving 1 centered branch as a water pumping branch during trunk cutting, and sprouting a large number of adventitious buds on the stumps 1 month after trunk cutting, reserving 6 sprouting branches uniformly distributed in different directions of each stump as grafting branches, and wiping off the rest sprouting branches. And in the period of 3-4 months in the next year, the sprout can be used as a grafting plant for grafting when the sprout grows to about 1cm in diameter.
(4) Scion treatment: selecting strong annual aged branches with plump bud eyes from a mother tree of an improved litchi variety, removing leaves, cutting into scions with the length of 3-5cm, and reserving 2-3 bud eyes on the scions.
(5) the grafting method comprises the following steps: cutting off the grafting base part at about 10cm, grafting by a cutting grafting method, and binding the scion and the connector from bottom to top by a grafting film after grafting; 10-15 scions are grafted on each big tree.
(6) and (3) stock and spike management after grafting: and (4) checking whether the scion survives 50 days after grafting, and timely supplementing and grafting the scion which does not survive. If the bud top on the survival scion does not break the grafted film, manual bud picking is needed; when the scion grows out of the first round of germination, pest control is carried out once every 7 days, and a compound insecticidal liquid medicine is sprayed and selected, wherein the compound insecticidal liquid medicine comprises 3 parts of efficient cyhalothrin, 3 parts of fenvalerate and 4 parts of carbendazim, and is sprayed after being diluted by 800 times with water and is continuously sprayed for 3 times. In the early stage of scion survival, sprouts growing on the stock are usually wiped off, so that the sprouts on the stock are prevented from competing for nutrients with the scion, and the scion is weak and even dies.
(7) Branch management: firstly, the scion and stock joint part needs to be protected well within one year of scion grafting survival, and the scion and stock joint part is bound and fixed by a bamboo pole before strong wind comes to prevent the scion and stock joint part from being torn; secondly, after the first batch of new shoots drawn out of the scion is aged, removing the grafting film bound at the grafting joint part to prevent the grafting film from binding the growth of the scion joint part of the stock and the scion, and sawing off the water-pumping branches left during trunk cutting; finally, thinning branches of densely distributed survival scions according to conditions, and pinching branches with small branch quantity. The ears can be properly picked after one year of general grafting; 10000 scions are produced per mu after two years of grafting; after three years of grafting, the tree body can grow to about 80% of the crown width before stem cutting, and the tree enters the high-yield period of the scion.
(8) managing and protecting the cutting orchard: after the scion cutting garden enters the scion high-yield period, proper branch thinning is carried out every year, if necessary, a retraction pruning mode is adopted, the crown width and height of the tree body are controlled, and the robust branches can be conveniently cultivated on the premise that plants are not shaded. And (3) carrying out pest control once every quarter, spraying and selecting a compound insecticidal liquid, wherein the compound insecticidal liquid comprises 3 parts of fenpropathrin, 3 parts of cypermethrin and 4 parts of quintozene, and spraying after diluting by 1000 times with water.
the above-described embodiments are preferred implementations of the present invention, and the present invention may be implemented in other ways without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a method for constructing a litchi fine variety cutting orchard by utilizing an old litchi orchard is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Selection and thinning of old litchi orchard: selecting an aged litchi orchard with regular forest facies and 20-30 years of age, thinning and adjusting the density of litchi trees;
(2) And (3) updating and rejuvenating the root system of the old tree: removing weeds in the old litchi orchard, ploughing the garden, additionally applying organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, and updating the root system;
(3) Cutting the stock and culturing the sprouts: cutting the trunk or main branch at a position 100-120cm away from the ground by using a chain saw, smearing a wound smearing agent at a saw cut, and covering the trunk with cut branches and leaves to shield the sunlight;
(4) Scion treatment; selecting strong annual aged branches with plump bud eyes on an improved seed mother tree, removing leaves, cutting into scions with the length of 3-5cm, and reserving 2-3 bud eyes on the scions;
(5) The grafting method comprises the following steps: cutting off the grafting base part at about 10cm, grafting by a cutting grafting method, and binding the scion and the connector from bottom to top by a grafting film after grafting; grafting 10-15 scions on each big tree;
(6) And (3) stock and spike management after grafting: checking the scions 40-50 days after grafting, and performing manual bud picking treatment, pest control treatment and stock bud wiping treatment on the surviving scions;
(7) Branch management and protection of a cutting orchard: after the scion grafting survives, branch management and protection of a scion cutting garden are periodically carried out.
2. The method for constructing an improved litchi seed cutting orchard by using an old litchi orchard according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (1), the aged litchi orchard is a litchi orchard containing one or more cultivars of Huaiyu branch, white sugar poppy and white wax; the thinning adjustment is carried out to adjust the density of the litchi trees in the old litchi orchard to be 20-30 plants/mu.
3. The method for constructing an improved litchi seed cutting orchard by using an old litchi orchard according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (2), the fertilizer is applied for 3 times a year, and the fertilizing amount of each litchi plant is as follows: 20-30kg of organic fertilizer, 3-5kg of potassium fertilizer, 5-8kg of compound fertilizer and 2-5kg of phosphate fertilizer.
4. The method for constructing an improved litchi seed cutting orchard by using an old litchi orchard according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (6), the manual bud picking treatment is to perform manual bud picking on the bud of the survival scion which the top does not break the grafted membrane.
5. The method for constructing an improved litchi seed cutting orchard by using an old litchi orchard according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (6), the period of the pest control treatment is 7-10 days/time, and the compound pesticide liquid is sprayed for 2-3 times in each pest control treatment, and is a mixture of the pyrethroid pesticide and the broad-spectrum bactericide in a weight ratio of 4-8: 3-5.
6. the method for constructing the improved litchi seed cutting orchard by using the aged litchi orchard according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the pyrethroid insecticide is a mixture of any two of fenpropathrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, fenvalerate and cypermethrin in a weight ratio of 1: 1; the broad-spectrum bactericide is one of carbendazim, thiophanate, chlorothalonil, quintozene and 50-70% of thiram, methyl and sulfur by mass.
7. The method for constructing an improved litchi seed cutting orchard by using an old litchi orchard according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (6), the specific steps of removing the rootstock sprouts are as follows: and (4) removing sprouts growing on the rootstocks at the early stage of scion survival.
8. The method for constructing an improved litchi seed cutting orchard by using an old litchi orchard according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (7), the branch management specifically comprises the following operations: protecting the scion and stock joint within one year of scion grafting survival, and binding and fixing by using a bamboo pole before strong wind comes; and removing the grafting film bound at the grafting joint after the first batch of new shoots drawn out of the scion is aged, and sawing off the water-pumping branches left during stem cutting.
9. The method for constructing an improved litchi seed cutting orchard by using an old litchi orchard according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (7), the management and protection of the cutting orchard comprises the following specific operations: and (3) thinning branches every year after the scion cutting garden enters the scion high-yield period, and performing pest control treatment once every season on the premise that plants are not shaded mutually.
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