CN103444445B - Tomato grafting culture planting method - Google Patents
Tomato grafting culture planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103444445B CN103444445B CN201310356273.5A CN201310356273A CN103444445B CN 103444445 B CN103444445 B CN 103444445B CN 201310356273 A CN201310356273 A CN 201310356273A CN 103444445 B CN103444445 B CN 103444445B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to a tomato grafting culture planting method. The tomato grafting culture planting method specifically comprises the steps of culturing stocks, culturing and selecting scions, carrying out scion processing before grafting, selecting the stocks to carry out grafting, carrying out seedling management after grafting and carrying out field management. By reasonable technical processing, influence of diseases and insect pests can be reduced and cold resistance and drought resistance of tomato plants can be reinforced, so that the fruit setting rate is improved, fruit setting quality is promoted, planting cost is saved and incomes of farmers are increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of agricultural cultivation, especially a kind of tomato engrafting and cultivating method.
Background technology
Tomato is one of vegetables of China, owing to planting year after year, various disease and pest is more and more heavier, cause tomato drought resisting, cold-resistant, disease-resistant, insect resistance capacity sharply declines, on same soil can not continuous cropping, recast, and a large amount of tomatoes is because can not get good process, the rice shoot death rate reaches 50-70%, serious or even total crop failure, a large amount of use agricultural chemicals is also difficult to deal with problems, for this reason, peasant household all needs to spend many manpowers, financial resources, material resources to carry out farming by turns every year, plants with changing.Meanwhile, when growing tomatoes manages, there is no a kind of correct processing method, cause the fruit-setting rate of tomato low, bear fruit second-rate, and then have a strong impact on the output of tomato, reduce the income of peasant household.
Given this, some trials have just occurred, as " a kind of engrafting method of tomato " that the patent No. is 201010103749.0, " a kind of breeding method of tomato-tree " of 02125621.7 and the patent No. be 200510061677 " a kind of melon-fruit-like vegetable internal-fixing grafting seedlings-growing method " all to vegetable grafting cultivate done elaboration, particularly in the grafting of tomato, do annotation, but, the patent No. is the technology of 201010103749.0, only from how to carry out grafting aspect to be studied, and the Cultivate administration in tomato later stage be there is no to the embodiment of a tiny bit, the patent No. is that the technology of 02125621.7 is just from the difficulty solving tomato continuous cropping simultaneously, the prolongation of planting the time limit is carried out to it, and then exempt because continuous recast, continuous cropping and the disease and pest caused, and then reduce manpower, financial resources, material resources, the patent No. is also had to be the technology of 200510061677.7, it is then the engrafting method from melon-fruit-like vegetable internal fixtion, realize the technology that whole vegetable grafting is produced, and then only provide guiding to the grafting of tomato, and it adopts iron wire, plastic cement etc. are as contact pin, pollution is brought to stock.
To sum up, in prior art, to the engrafting and cultivating technology also imperfection of tomato, what the cultivation of tomato adopted more is that seed seedling-raising is transplanted, in planting process, graft seedling growth is produced and is not also extensively promoted, graft seedling growth technology is perfect not enough, how to manage after graft seedling growth simultaneously improve fruit-setting rate further, quality of bearing fruit also is not employed.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the aforementioned problems in the prior, the invention provides a kind of can reduce disease and pest impact, the cold-resistant drought-resistant ability that strengthens tomato plant, and then improve fruit-setting rate, promote the tomato engrafting and cultivating implantation methods of quality of bearing fruit.
The present invention realizes by following technical scheme:
Particularly, tomato engrafting and cultivating implantation methods, comprises the following steps:
(1) cultivate stock: the field choosing one piece of plantation tomato, carry out the plantation of melon and fruit according to 15000-16000 plant/acre, and farm manure 2-3kg/ strain is executed to it, when giving over to grafting, do stock;
(2) cultivate and choose scion: choose conventional tomato variety and plant, wait to emerge when growing true leaf 1-3 sheet, choose healthy and strong tomato stem as scion;
(3) scion process before grafting: healthy and strong tomato stem is cut down into nodular, containing a bud in each joint, joint is long is 3-4 cun, and with 75% Bravo 800 times of liquid to the immersion of its incision or smear, smear cut sides with cow dung simultaneously;
(4) stock grafting is chosen: in the melon seedling ground of having planted, chosen healthy and strong melon vine, and the blade removed above melon vine, to such an extent as to the speed of moisture loss is slower after guarantee grafting, then farm manure is being executed to it, enter to apply according to the every strain of 2-3kg, stock is more grown healthy and strong, refertilize after avoiding grafting and cause the tomato of grafting to be affected, cut off melon vine and use contact pin jack on otch melon vine, insert among jack by soaking or smearing one section that the tomato stipes of Bravo 800 times of liquid of 75% smeared by cow dung again, melon vine is covered again with earth, and tomato joint is covered 1.5-2.5 cun, sprinkle water after covering paddy grass to Tu Run,
(5) seedling management after grafting: after grafting 4-8 days keep watering every day once, make earth wetting and not ponding, when growing sprouting on tomato stipes, straw of can moving away enters field planting management;
(6) field planting management: within 5-20 days after sprouting, management method conveniently carries out field planting management to tomato, when tomato plant grows tall to 20-30cm, built is carried out to it, it is made upwards to grow along shelf, until when trunk grows tall to 0.9-1.1m height, the end of the branch of trunk is cut off, it is no longer allowed to grow tall, simultaneously, each point of branch is outputed one spend after, be chosen at bright day gas, 10:00-17:00 at noon carries out cut-out process in the place to 4-5 cun, its point of branch distance petal, and with Bravo 800 times of liquid of 75%, otch is processed, ensure that incision is not infected, reduce bringing into of germ.
Further, described farm manure is that one or more in cow dung, pig manure, poultry manure mix according to arbitrary proportion, reduces the use of chemical fertilizer.
Further, described melon and fruit is any one or a few in pumpkin, wax gourd, watermelon, cucumber.
Further, Bravo 800 times of liquid of described 75% also can replace with 70% thiophanate methyl, 800 times of liquid.
Further, Bravo 800 times of liquid of described 75% also can replace with 72% agricultural streptomycin, 4000 times of liquid.
Further, described contact pin is bamboo pin, and further avoids bringing into of pollution sources, improves survival rate.
Preferably, described earth covers also can cover 2 cun, tomato stem.
Technique effect of the present invention is embodied in: by rational grafting treatment technology and disinfect technology, the parent present situation of tomato is made to be saved, decrease bringing into of pollution sources, and by the cold-resistant drought resistance of melon and fruit, its drought resisting cold tolerance is strengthened, also strengthen its disease-resistant insect resistance capacity simultaneously, moreover by the management in field, make its nutritional labeling supply foot, the fruit-setting rate of tomato is enhanced greatly, and fruit quality is better, improves the output of tomato, add the income of peasant, save production cost simultaneously.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with concrete embodiment, the invention will be further described, but scope required for protection is not only confined to done description.
Embodiment one
Selection of land cultivates stock
Choose one piece of good field of soil property, according to the upper pumpkin of density plantation of every mu planting 15000-16000 strain melon seedling, and execute farm manure 2-3kg/ strain, use as stock when the stalwartness making it grow gives over to grafting.
Scion is chosen in cultivation
Choose conventional tomato variety plantation, when treating that tomato grows 1-3 sheet true leaf, cut the stem of tomato, and with a joint stem to a gemma of waiting a little while,please, the joint cut as 3-4 cun is long, stand-by as scion.
Stock is chosen, scion process and grafting
Before grafting, farm manure is executed according to 2-3kg/ strain to the melon seedling of having planted, then choose upgrowth situation preferably melon seedling, and its all blade is all removed, and spray once with thiophanate methyl 800 times of liquid of 70%, to ensure that lost moisture is better, it is disinfected simultaneously.Again cow dung is saved to the tomato cut and smear joint end, then on the stem of melon seedling, a hole is inserted with bamboo pin, insert in the hole with the tomato joint being about to wipe with cow dung painting, make tomato save contained by gemma upwards, and do 1.5-2.5 cun with the joint that the joint that earth covers melon vine and tomato is done to tomato, ensure that its interface moisture not easily scatters and disappears to ensure that interface is among earth, and grow root system fast; And the surface, field grafted with rice straw mulching, time grafting covered by straw, further ensure long-term moistening of earth, simultaneously for grafting carries out process of sheltering from heat or light; Again spray water to soil wetting and not ponding be advisable.
Seedling management after grafting
4-8 days after grafting, every day to the watering of face, seedling field once, ensures soil profit and not ponding, treat tomato grow sprouting out after, straw of can gradually moving away, cultivates performing physical exercise property of tomato seedling, namely enters the Cultivate administration in field.
Field planting manages
After sprouting during 5-20 days, management method conveniently carries out management plantation to tomato seedling, when tomato grows to 20-30cm, built process is started to tomato, make it along shelf growth and bearing fruit slowly, until trunk grow is to the end of the branch removing trunk when 0.9-1.1m, avoid it upwards to grow once again and affect the quality of fruit, and in each point of branch, grow a flower and just from the place from this petal or fruit luxuriant 4-5 cun, process is cut off to limb after melon and fruit, ensure the in liberal supply of nutritional labeling, the quality of fruit is further made to be guaranteed, improve the output of plant, otch is processed with Bravo 800 times of liquid of 75% at the place of cutting off, ensure that incision is not infected, reduce bringing into of germ.
Embodiment two
Choose one piece of good field of soil property, according to the upper cucumber of density plantation every mu planting 15500 strain melon seedlings, and execute farm manure 2.5kg/ strain, use as stock when the stalwartness making it grow gives over to grafting.
Scion is chosen in cultivation
Choose the plantation of conventional tomato variety, when treating that tomato grows 2 true leaves, cut the stem of tomato, and with a joint stem to a gemma of waiting a little while,please, cutting is that the joint of 3.5 cun is long, stand-by as scion.
Stock is chosen, scion process and grafting
Before grafting, farm manure is executed according to 3kg/ strain to the melon seedling of having planted, then choose upgrowth situation preferably melon seedling, and its all blade is all removed, and spray once with Bravo 800 times of liquid of 75%, to ensure that lost moisture is better, it is disinfected simultaneously.Again pig manure is saved to the tomato cut and smear joint end, then on the stem of melon seedling, a hole is inserted with bamboo pin, insert in the hole with being about to be coated with pig manure the tomato joint wiped, make tomato save contained by gemma upwards, and do dry 2 cun of the joint to tomato with the joint that earth covers melon vine and tomato, ensure that its interface moisture not easily scatters and disappears to ensure that interface is among earth, and grow root system fast; And the surface, field grafted with rice straw mulching, time grafting covered by straw, further ensure long-term moistening of earth, simultaneously for grafting carries out process of sheltering from heat or light; Again spray water to soil wetting and not ponding be advisable.
Seedling management after grafting
5-7 days after grafting, every day to the watering of face, seedling field once, ensures soil profit and not ponding, treat tomato grow sprouting out after, straw of can gradually moving away, cultivates performing physical exercise property of tomato seedling, namely enters the Cultivate administration in field.
Field planting manages
After sprouting during 10-15 days, management method conveniently carries out management plantation to tomato seedling, when tomato grows to 23-27cm, built process is started to tomato, make it along shelf growth and bearing fruit slowly, until trunk grow is to the end of the branch removing trunk when 1m, avoid it upwards to grow once again and affect the quality of fruit, and in each point of branch, grow a flower and just from the place from this petal or 4 cun, fruit bud, process is cut off to limb after melon and fruit, ensure the in liberal supply of nutritional labeling, the quality of fruit is further made to be guaranteed, improve the output of plant, otch is smeared with thiophanate methyl 800 times of liquid of 70% at the place of cutting off, ensure that incision is not infected, reduce bringing into of germ.
Embodiment three
Choose one piece of good field of soil property, according to the upper wax gourd of density plantation every mu planting 16000 strain melon seedlings, and execute farm manure 3kg/ strain, use as stock when the stalwartness making it grow gives over to grafting.
Scion is chosen in cultivation
Choose the plantation of conventional tomato variety, when treating that tomato grows 3 true leaves, cut the stem of tomato, and with a joint stem to a gemma of waiting a little while,please, cutting is that the joint of 4 cun is long, stand-by as scion.
Stock is chosen, scion process and grafting
Before grafting, farm manure is executed according to 2.5kg/ strain to the melon seedling of having planted, then choose upgrowth situation preferably melon seedling, and its all blade is all removed, and spray once with 72% agricultural streptomycin, 4000 times of liquid, to ensure that lost moisture is better, it is disinfected simultaneously.Again poultry-dung is saved to the tomato cut and smear joint end, then on the stem of melon seedling, a hole is inserted with bamboo pin, insert in the hole with being about to be coated with poultry-dung the tomato joint wiped, make tomato save contained by gemma upwards, and do dry 2.5 cun of the joint to tomato with the joint that earth covers melon vine and tomato, ensure that its interface moisture not easily scatters and disappears to ensure that interface is among earth, and grow root system fast; And the surface, field grafted with rice straw mulching, time grafting covered by straw, further ensure long-term moistening of earth, simultaneously for grafting carries out process of sheltering from heat or light; Again spray water to soil wetting and not ponding be advisable.
Seedling management after grafting
After grafting 6 days, every day to the watering of face, seedling field once, ensured soil profit and not ponding, treat tomato grow sprouting out after, straw of can gradually moving away, cultivates performing physical exercise property of tomato seedling, namely enters the Cultivate administration in field.
Field planting manages
After sprouting during 13-14 days, management method conveniently carries out management plantation to tomato seedling, when tomato grows to 25cm, built process is started to tomato, make it along shelf growth and bearing fruit slowly, until trunk grow is to the end of the branch removing trunk when 1m, avoid it upwards to grow once again and affect the quality of fruit, and in each point of branch, grow a flower and just from the place from this petal or 5 cun, fruit bud, process is cut off to limb after melon and fruit, ensure the in liberal supply of nutritional labeling, the quality of fruit is further made to be guaranteed, improve the output of plant, otch is processed with 72% agricultural streptomycin, 4000 times of liquid at the place of cutting off, ensure that incision is not infected, reduce bringing into of germ.
Claims (4)
1. a tomato engrafting and cultivating implantation methods, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) cultivate stock: in the field of plantation tomato, carry out the plantation of melon and fruit according to 15000-16000 plant/acre, and the every strain of farm manure 2-3kg is executed to it, when giving over to grafting, do stock;
(2) cultivate and choose scion: choose conventional tomato variety and plant, wait to emerge when growing true leaf 1-3 sheet, choose healthy and strong tomato stem as scion;
(3) scion process before grafting: healthy and strong tomato stem is cut down into nodular, containing a bud in each joint, joint is long is 3-4 cun, and with 75% Bravo 800 times of liquid to the immersion of its incision or smear, smear cut sides with cow dung simultaneously;
(4) stock grafting is chosen: in the melon seedling ground of having planted, chosen healthy and strong melon vine, and the blade removed above melon vine, and then farm manure is executed to it, apply according to the every strain of 2-3kg, cut off melon vine and use contact pin jack on otch melon vine, insert among jack by soaking or smearing one section that the tomato stipes of Bravo 800 times of liquid of 75% smeared by cow dung again, melon vine is covered again with earth, and tomato joint is covered 1.5-2.5 cun, sprinkle water after covering paddy grass to Tu Run;
(5) seedling management after grafting: after grafting 4-8 days keep watering every day once, make earth wetting and not ponding, when growing sprouting on tomato stipes, straw of can moving away enters field planting management;
(6) field planting management: within 5-20 days after sprouting, management method conveniently carries out field planting management to tomato, when tomato plant grows tall to 20-30cm, built is carried out to it, it is made upwards to grow along shelf, until when trunk grows tall to 0.9-1.1m height, the end of the branch of trunk is cut off, it is no longer allowed to grow tall, simultaneously, each point of branch is outputed one spend after, be chosen at bright day gas, 10:00-17:00 carries out cut-out process in the place to 4-5 cun, its point of branch distance petal, and with Bravo 800 times of liquid of 75%, otch is smeared,
Described farm manure is that one or more in cow dung, pig manure, poultry manure mix according to arbitrary proportion;
Described melon and fruit is any one or a few in pumpkin, wax gourd, watermelon, cucumber;
Described contact pin is bamboo pin.
2. tomato engrafting and cultivating implantation methods as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: Bravo 800 times of liquid of described 75% also can replace with 70% thiophanate methyl, 800 times of liquid.
3. tomato engrafting and cultivating implantation methods as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: Bravo 800 times of liquid of described 75% also can replace with 72% agricultural streptomycin, 4000 times of liquid.
4. tomato engrafting and cultivating implantation methods as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described earth covers also can cover 2 cun, tomato stem.
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103609311B (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2015-11-18 | 贵州平坝宝地农业科技产业有限公司 | A kind of method of cultivating growth and melon rate height tomato fast |
| CN104885925A (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-09-09 | 程茂房 | Secondary crossbreeding method for tomatoes |
| CN105684738A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-06-22 | 张月强 | Sunlight greenhouse tomato culture method |
| CN106376357B (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2019-09-20 | 石新法 | A kind of method of fructus lycii grafting tomato |
| CN107873287A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-04-06 | 霍邱县范圩蔬菜种植专业合作社 | A kind of engrafting method of tomato |
| CN108260424A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-07-10 | 安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 | A kind of breeding method for improveing wild rice |
| CN114557202B (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2023-06-23 | 保亭智农农业发展有限责任公司 | Durian planting method with high fruit setting rate |
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