CN101218882B

CN101218882B - Method for raising seedling of chestnut

Info

Publication number: CN101218882B
Application number: CN2008100467526A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 程中平; 陈绪中; 黄汉全
Original assignee: Wuhan Botanical Garden of CAS
Current assignee: Wuhan Botanical Garden of CAS
Priority date: 2008-01-22
Filing date: 2008-01-22
Publication date: 2010-11-17
Anticipated expiration: 2028-01-22
Also published as: CN101218882A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cultivating Chinese chestnut seedlings which includes the following steps: A, arranging the collected Chinese chestnuts for low temperature refrigeration processing; B, dissolving a gibberellin by alcohol and then adding water to prepare a needed concentration; C, using sand to mix with overrotten organic slag fertilizer and packaging in a bowl; D, seeding theChinese chestnuts into the bowl and covering mixed soil on the Chinese chestnuts; E, after seeding, spraying water with a watering pot, then covering with a film and bundling with a rope; F, arranging in a greenhouse to keep temperature and humidity ranges; G, when the seeds germinate, removing the films; H, spraying antiseptic during the growing period of seedlings to prevent the seedlings from infecting the seedling stage diseases. The invention has the advantages of simple and convenient method and easy operation. The invention adopts greenhouse warming, low temperature refrigeration and hormone processing of the Chinese chestnuts, which leads the Chinese chestnut seeds to bourgeon ahead of time, improves the germination rate of the seed and quickens the growing speed of the seedlings.

Description

The method of raising seedling of chestnut

Technical field

The present invention relates to the plant propagation technical field, more specifically relate to a kind of method of raising seedling of chestnut, utilize deepfreeze, HORMONE TREATMENT, booth to heat, improved the fast rapid-result seedling of Chinese chestnut.

Background technology

Chinese chestnut is important kind in the Castanea plant, originates in China, and its distributed pole is wide, and it is a kind of main fruit tree that produces as dry fruit.Because fruit tree has the result of doing sth. in advance by grafting, strengthen varietal adaptation, guarantee characteristics such as improved seeds proterties, therefore, normal employing rootstock seedling propagation by grafiting in the production of fruit trees cultivation.How ahead of time grafting goes out the garden, and first-selection depends on the speed of rootstock seedling growth, and also there is same rule in raising seedling of chestnut.

The method of the stock of Chinese chestnut breeding has multiple, wherein main modal be to adopt the planting seed breeding.Usually select for use Chinese chestnut when the fruit maturation involucre ftractures, pick up the nature nut that comes off, select chestnut fruit size fruit that is neat, fully ripe, no damage by disease and insect the material of growing seedlings.The seed of choosing is preserved, the well-drained leeward tailo of general selection digs the ditch that 60cm～100cm is dark, 100cm is wide, and length is decided according to kind of amount, clean wet sand about the 100cm of bottom of trench shop, 1 layer of kind of 1 layer of sand up put successively again, when distance bank 25cm is above, cover wet husky, each 10cm of fine sand again, fill and lead up with soil at last, trained mound, in case ponding; Also can be in doors choose the place by above-mentioned standard and carry out sand and hide, the humidity of sand remains on the 60-80% scope, with hand sand is pinched agglomeratingly, and can scatter naturally again during relieving is degree.Duration of storage notes checking, in case overdrying, cross wet and beastly evil etc.; Also can mix with 3.5: 1 ratio and put into ditch and preserve in husky and seed.Can divide sowing time and sow in spring and autumn sowing.Spring sowing was sowed between the Spring Equinox to Clear and Bright, and autumn sowing is sowing before and after the Beginning of Winter, and the seed of autumn sowing easily takes place to go rotten or often be subjected to the plague of rats in soil, and emergence rate is low, so normal the employing sowed in spring.After general rootstock seedling need be grown 1 year～2 years, select grafting on the spot in strong sprout, all the other weak seedlings are transplanted in addition and are cultivated, so that grafting again.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to be to provide a kind of method of raising seedling of chestnut, method is easy, and processing ease adopts booth to add gentle Chinese chestnut low temperature storage, has done sth. in advance the sprouting of Chinese chestnut seed, has improved percentage of seedgermination, has accelerated the speed of growing seedlings.

Reach the grafting growth needs at Chinese chestnut and just can reach standard more than 1 year or 1 year; In breeding; the planting seed that obtains by hybridization obtains the time that seedling reaches the result and takes at least more than 4 years, and carries out Ya Re or tropical plants protection cultivation or be a significant job for the heat energy of the segment space in the greenhouse of heating of the variety production of listing ahead of time carries out economical and effective utilization research.The present invention utilizes the segment space of the booth of heating of this garden orchid production just, and in conjunction with the low temperature storage of Chinese chestnut, comprehensives such as HORMONE TREATMENT are sprouted the Chinese chestnut seed ahead of time, and germination rate improves, and growth is accelerated.

A kind of method of raising seedling of chestnut the steps include:

A, material: it is full to choose the chestnut fruit, and size evenly, and is ripe consistent, and the seed of no damage by disease and insect is put into deepfreeze with the Chinese chestnut seed of gathering and handled, and will plant sublayering and put into freezer, and storage is about one month under 0 ℃ of condition.

B, with a small amount of alcohol with gibberellin (GA) dissolving (those of ordinary skill in the art all know gibberellin is dissolved) with a small amount of alcohol, add water preparation desired concn, by 100,300,500,700, the GA (gibberellin) of 5 concentration of 900ppm and compare with clear water and to carry out immersion treatment 5hr, 150 of every processing divide three repetitions, and each repeats 50;

C, mix in 1: 3 ratio with sand and organic slag fertilizer of becoming thoroughly decomposed, adorn alms bowl then, be seeded into respectively in the alms bowl of identical size, the soil matrix composition in the alms bowl is that three parts of become thoroughly decomposed fertilizer and a husky mixings form (on November 8th, 2006 with planting seed in alms bowl);

D, with the Chinese chestnut planting seed in alms bowl, cover the composite soil of 2-3cm on it;

E, after planting with watering pot water spray (water and pour water), encases with film, and ties with rope;

F, put into warm canopy and keep the temperature and humidity scope, 15-25 ℃ of temperature control is in the orchid production booth of humidity about 90%;

G, behind seed sprouting, remove film, according to the soil temperature in the alms bowl, temperature is controlled at 10-15 ℃, waters in 5-8 days at interval, makes soil not because of dry and cracked phenomenon appears in lack of water, keeps soil moisture about 80%.

H, to young plant vegetative period, spray carbendazim, topsin or 800 times of 2-3 sterilizations of zineb prevent sick infection in seedling stage.Date to the seed of first sprouting of each processing is put down in writing, and after young plant substantially no longer sprouts, carries out emerge number statistics and the growing state of nursery stock and investigates.Then, adopt biometric method, carry out the variance significance analysis.

Result and analysis

Different disposal is to the influence of sprouting time and rudiment number

The germination fate

Table 1 is from being seeded into the fate of first seed sprouting

Annotate: alphabetical identical person represents that difference is not remarkable, otherwise significant difference, down together.

As known from Table 1, sprout in advance with 900ppm GA during each is handled the most remarkable, except that with 700ppm handle difference significantly, handle with contrast than other and to have significant difference; 900,700,500ppm GA three each and every one concentration are handled and are not reached utmost point significance level.

Average germination percentage

The final germinative number of table 2 different disposal and the significance of difference

As known from Table 2 900 and the seed sprouting number handled of 700ppm GA the highest, difference is not remarkable between the two, but has significant difference with other processing and contrast.900,700,500,300ppm GA handles four concentration and handles and do not reach utmost point significance level, but handle with 100ppm GA and there is utmost point significant difference in the clear water processing.

2.2 different disposal is to the influence of seedling growth

Growing height

Table 3 different disposal is to the influence and the significant difference of seedling degree

As shown in Table 3, the height of the seed seedling growth of handling through 900ppm GA is higher than the seed growth height of other processing and contrast; 900,700ppm GA processing two is handled and is not reached utmost point significance level, but 900ppm GA handles and other each processing reaches utmost point significant difference level.

The growth rugosity

Table 4 different disposal is to influence of seedling growth rugosity and significant difference

As shown in Table 4, through 900,700,500, the nursery stock rugosity of the seed growth that 300ppm GA handles is there was no significant difference each other, but there is utmost point significant difference in the rugosity of the seed growth of handling and contrasting with 100ppm GA.

Handle to the required fate of seed germination, final germinative number with to the height of seedling growth and the impact analysis and the comparison of rugosity, finally be that 900ppm GA handles and obtained best effect by each.The present invention has general outdoor sowing sprouting in about 3 months ahead of time compared with prior art, and the growth indexes of treated seed is apparently higher than being untreated, and germination rate has improved 3 times.This kind utilizes other kind to produce booth facility of heating, and saved cost, face and the Chinese chestnut reproduction speed is accelerated, for the breeding of Chinese chestnut grafting with accelerate the Chinese chestnut breeding process new approach be provided.

Description of drawings

This figure is a planting seed after 100 days, and each handles Chinese chestnut seedling growing state.Fig. 1 is 900ppm GA; Fig. 2 is 700ppm GA; Fig. 3 is 500ppm GA; Fig. 4 is 300ppm GA; Fig. 5. be contrast CK with water treatment.

Embodiment

Below technical scheme of the present invention is further described:

1, the Chinese chestnut seed of gathering being put into low temperature (0 ℃) refrigeration handled one month;

2, with a small amount of alcohol with gibberellin (GA) powder degree of being dissolved as just, add water preparation 900ppm concentration then, immersion treatment seed 5hr;

3, mix in 1: 3 ratio with sand and organic slag fertilizer of becoming thoroughly decomposed, organic slag is fertile piles up the system of macerating more than 1 year for the environmental sanitation house refuse, and mixes in certain 1: 3 ratio through organic slag fertilizer of screening, adorns the volume of alms bowl to 4/5 then;

4, with the Chinese chestnut planting seed in alms bowl, cover the composite soil of 2-3cm on it;

5, after planting, spray sufficient water, encase with film again, and tie with rope with watering pot;

6, put into warm canopy and keep the temperature and humidity scope, temperature is controlled at 15-25 ℃, humidity about 80%;

7, behind seed sprouting, remove film, according to the soil temperature in the alms bowl, temperature is controlled at 15-25 ℃ of scope, loose with surface wettability, and don't dry and crackedly be degree, watered one time water in 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 days, wet to keep soil to see, humidity is degree but lose ponding about 80%;

8, to young plant vegetative period, spray 2 or 3 times bactericide, bactericide is 800 times a carbendazim, respectively sprays 1 time at emerge back two weeks and back two weeks thereof, looks the nursery stock situation and takes the circumstances into consideration to increase once again, prevents sick infection the in seedling stage.Bactericide adopts carbendazim or topsin or zineb.

Claims

1. the method for a raising seedling of chestnut, it comprises the following steps:

A, the Chinese chestnut seed of gathering is put into deepfreeze handle, 0 ℃ of storage one month down;

B, gibberellin is dissolved, soak 5hr with the gibberellin of 900ppm concentration with alcohol;

C, mix in 1: 3 ratio, adorn alms bowl then with sand and organic slag fertilizer of becoming thoroughly decomposed;

E, after planting with the watering pot water spray, encases with film, and ties with rope;

F, put into warm canopy and keep the temperature and humidity scope, temperature is controlled at 15-25 ℃, humidity 90%;

G, behind seed sprouting, remove film, according to the soil temperature in the alms bowl, soil temperature is controlled at 10-15 ℃, waters in 5-8 days at interval;

H, to young plant vegetative period, adopt carbendazim, topsin or 800 times of sprays of zineb 2-3 time respectively, prevent sick infection in seedling stage.