CN110301337A - A kind of rubber tree cuttage and seedling culture method - Google Patents
A kind of rubber tree cuttage and seedling culture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110301337A CN110301337A CN201910745729.4A CN201910745729A CN110301337A CN 110301337 A CN110301337 A CN 110301337A CN 201910745729 A CN201910745729 A CN 201910745729A CN 110301337 A CN110301337 A CN 110301337A
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- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000034303 cell budding Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbendazim Natural products C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of rubber tree cuttage and seedling culture method, including cuttings selects, pipe and acclimatization and transplants are comforted in cuttings disinfection, root-growing agent selection, matrix selection, cuttage.The present invention carries out cutting propagation to the material after Budding In Hevea seedling cut anvil, and reduction educates training rootstock seedling cost, shortens and cultivate the rootstock seedling time.Rubber tree stock source can be enriched using the method for the present invention, seedling can be bred with cuttage to the excellent rubber tree fertile material of juvenile form, a kind of new selection is provided for rubber tree seedling planting material, it is excessively high preferably to solve the problems, such as that rubber tree lacks without seed stage stock, nursery phase rubber tree rootstock seedling cultivates time length, rubber tree tissue-cultured seedling production cost, the tissue-cultured seedling material being connected into cut anvil material and two ages living suitable for three age internal buds can be improved rubber bud and connect nursery production efficiency and reduce seedling cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of crop cultivation, are related to a kind of method for culturing seedlings, and in particular to a kind of rubber tree cuttage is educated
Seedling-growing method.
Background technique
Rubber tree seedling-wood breeding is at present mainly by grafting, and nursery stock type is mainly green budding seedling, seedling bud in production
The cultivating process of seedlings picking usually requires 1 year and a half by 2 years half, transplants to 2~3 weeks after sprouting seed seedlings, in outdoor nursery
It is cultivated in bag, monthly Shi Yici liquid manure, starts bud when diameter about 0.8cm at the liftoff 10cm of stock and connect, and bud is connected into after work 25 days
Unbundlings, unbundlings cut bar backwards to bud interface below the first fluffy leaf after a week, concentrate on the bud picking bag nursery for cutting bar after 2~3 days
Under cool canopy, bud tablets is promoted to extract out, after shading 20 days, remove shading net, is to length to 2 fluffy leaf stable aging in (about 90~100 days)
It can be out of the garden.The stock material that bar is cut in rubber seedling budling cultivating process is usually thrown away as rubbish, is not made full use of,
It causes to waste.
Seeds of rubber tree, seasonality harvest, belongs to Recalcitrant Seeds, can only store in short term；With artificial and price rise,
The price of hevea seed also increases year by year, and current sluggish rubber price, the demand of Cotton Varieties by Small Farming Households rubber seedling weaken, this is
The variation of column requires the breeding of rubber nursery stock production to need to improve production efficiency, reduce production cost.Rubber tree tissue culture technology, though solution
Rubber tree part excellent variety nursery stock production of having determined is without the problem of grafting, can not will be all excellent but because being limited to breed difference
Non-defective unit kind all tissue cultures breed out, and on the other hand, the production cost of tissue-cultured seedling is still significantly larger than grafting at present, lead to rubber
It is limited to set tissue-cultured seedling popularization.
Mode one of of the cuttage as vegetative propagation is answered on other crops or forest because its is easy to operate, low in cost
With more, but because rubber tree cuttage root-taking is bred very difficult, cause in rubber tree seedling propagation document report at home almost
No, foreign literature report also cans be counted on one's fingers.
Summary of the invention
Rubber tree cuttage and seedling culture method easy to operate, high-efficient, at low cost is realized the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: providing rubber tree cuttage and seedling culture method, this method includes
Following steps:
(1) cuttings selects: selection rubber tree green budding seedling bud is connected into the cut anvil material middle and lower part branch after living, branch year
Age is in three ages or the middle and lower part branch of selection rubber tree tissue-cultured seedling, branch age are in two ages；Branch is older, in branch just
The substance for inhibiting to take root is had to generate, it is difficult to take root, therefore it is in three ages that the branch of seedling, which is selected, the branch of tissue-cultured seedling selects two
In age；
(2) cuttings sterilizes: the branch in step (1) is cut into 15~25cm long with secateurs, it is each at upper lower cut 1cm
It is put into 500 times of carbendazim or 50~100ppm evil gram disinfectant and sterilizes without petiole and leaf at least provided with a bud point
30min；
(3) root-growing agent selects: the cuttings base portion sterilized is immersed in the bis- gills of 100ppm-GGR6 numbers or 250 times
30min in strength rooting powder solution；
(4) matrix selects: cutting medium is pure peat or pure coco bran or turf, coco bran and perlite mixture；It will
Cutting medium is drenched with disinfectant, and can squeeze out a small amount of liquid with hand grasping matrix is advisable, and fills seedlings nursing plate, for use；
(5) cuttage management: by the cuttings insertion nursery disk hole center in step (3), being compacted matrix with thumb and index finger,
Ensure that matrix and cuttings base portion are in close contact；After cuttage to cuttings immediately with sprayer spray 500 times of carbendazim or 50~
100ppm does harm to gram disinfectant, then props arched shed shelf, hangs up electronics Hygrothermograph, keeps air humidity 70~85%, matrix
Temperature covers the black shading net of 75% sunshade rate at 20~28 DEG C；500 times of carbendazim or 50~100ppm are sprayed weekly
Evil gram disinfectant, until cuttage rooting sprouts；
(6) acclimatization and transplants: the cuttings of sprouting of having started to take root is transferred in the control root device equipped with above-mentioned cutting medium into one
Step culture retains a strong bud culture trunk, others buds in stock stem section of erasing, and the micro- light fillings of 1000 times of spray close in incubation
600Lift foliar fertilizer, once a week, until a fluffy Ye Wending, applies 1% compound fertilizer every two weeks when the second fluffy leaf starts to sprout
Aqueous solution, 50ml/ plants, the second fluffy leaf can be out of the garden when stablizing aging.Wherein, the same conventional method of the prevention and treatment of powdery mildew.
Further, the turf: coco bran: the weight percent of perlite is 1:1:1.
Further, 500 times of carbendazim of the cutting medium or 50~100ppm evil gram disinfectant are drenched.
Further, the seedlings nursing plate selects height of stand foot seedlings nursing plate, it is preferred to use 28 holes, bore × height × Di Jingwei
6.2cm×11cm×2cm。
Further, the compound fertilizer aqueous solution is added by the compound fertilizer that N:P:K ratio is 15:15:15 according to weight ratio 4:1
Urea is added to configure.
The present invention carries out cuttage using the stock material that green budding seedling bud is connected into back clipper rod living, and sampling is convenient, saves training
It is bred as this, it is high-efficient, it efficiently solves and is connected at present due to rubber tree without seed stage stock source anxiety and green budding seedling bud
Stock waste of material phenomenon caused by rubbish is thrown away after work；Material after cuttage root-taking can be used for choiceness stock
Screening, the secondary source selection of green budding seedling stock and new type cultivating seedlings, shorten the nursery production cycle, it is raw to improve nursery
It produces efficiency and improves seedling quality.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Part of in August, 2014 is made stock bud from a collection of rubber tissue-cultured seedling and is connected into budling living, and the stock heat for cutting bar is chosen
7-33-97 material is ground, the branch section of 15~25cm long is cut into, the method for the present invention is taken to carry out cuttage management, the second year March is long
To a fluffy Ye Wending, detailed process is as follows:
Cuttage management: will cut the heat after bar and grind 500 times of carbendazim of 7-33-97 tissue-cultured seedling branch section and sterilize 30min, will disappear
The cuttings base portion of poison impregnates in Tables 1 and 2 respectively to be handled；Then cuttings is given birth in the pure coco bran matrix sterilized
Root is cultivated, and ensures air humidity 85% or so in cultivating process, substrate temperature covers the black of 75% sunshade rate at 20~28 DEG C
Color shading net；It is primary with 500 times of carbendazim disinfectant sprays weekly, until cuttage rooting sprouts；
1 different disposal factor of table and level
Different disposal combination cuttage condition survey after table 2 three months
Note: 3 repetitions of each processing, 6 branch sections of each repetition.
From table 2 it can be seen that it is No. GGR6, root-growing agent that heat is ground 7-33-97 tissue-cultured seedling branch section to immerse root-growing agent by processing 6
Concentration is that the effect of immersion 0.5h in 100ppm is best.
Acclimatization and transplants: the cuttings sprouted that will start to take root, which is transferred in the control root device equipped with pure coco bran matrix, further to be trained
It supports, one strong bud culture trunk of reservation, other buds in stock stem section of erasing, the micro- light fillings of 1000 times of spray close in incubation
600Lift foliar fertilizer, once a week, until a fluffy Ye Wending, applies 1% compound fertilizer every two weeks when the second fluffy leaf starts to sprout
(N:P:K ratio is that the compound fertilizer of 15:15:15 adds urea, compound fertilizer: urea=4:1) aqueous solution, 50ml/ plants, the second fluffy leaf is steady
It can be out of the garden when determining aging.Wherein, the same conventional method of the prevention and treatment of powdery mildew.
Part cuttings is transplanted into outdoor proliferation garden and is grown, growth result statistics is as follows after 1 year:
3 growth of cuttage seedlings situation of table
Note: statistics strain number is 3 plants.
Embodiment 2
Make stock bud from a collection of rubber seedling in March, 2015 to be connected into budling living, chooses the seedling for cutting bar
Stem section material is cut into the branch section of 15~25cm long, and the method for the present invention is taken to carry out cuttage management, and June is long to a fluffy Ye Bianse
Phase, detailed process is as follows:
Cuttage management: 500 times of carbendazim of the seedling branch section after bar will be cut and sterilize 30min, the cuttings base that will have been sterilized
Portion is separately immersed in clear water and 0.5h is handled in No. GGR6 of 100ppm；Then by cuttings in the pure coco bran base sterilized
Cultivation of taking root is carried out in matter, air humidity is ensured in cultivating process 85% or so, substrate temperature covers 75% at 20~28 DEG C
The black shading net of sunshade rate；Spray is primary with 500 times of carbendazim disinfectants weekly, until cuttage rooting sprouts；One fluffy Ye Bianse
Statistical result is as follows when the phase:
4 seedling stem section cuttage seeding one of the table fluffy leaf discoloration phase takes root situation
Note: 3 repetitions of each processing, 20 branch sections of each repetition.
Acclimatization and transplants: the cuttings sprouted that will start to take root is transferred to the big control root device (diameter equipped with pure coco bran matrix
30cm × high 50cm) in further cultivate, retain a strong bud culture trunk, other buds, were cultivated in stock stem section of erasing
1000 times of micro- light fillings are sprayed in journey closes 600Lift foliar fertilizer, once a week, until a fluffy Ye Wending, when the second fluffy leaf starts to sprout
It is water-soluble that 1% compound fertilizer (N:P:K ratio is that the compound fertilizer of 15:15:15 adds urea, compound fertilizer: urea=4:1) is applied every two weeks
Liquid, 50ml/ plants.Wherein, the generation of routine observation pest and disease damage, main disease have powdery mildew and anthracnose, and main insect pest has
Coccid prevents and treats same conventional method.It cultivates the cuttage seeding for selecting part suitable after a year and a half and carries out green budding, bud is connected into feelings living
Condition is as follows:
5 seedling stem section cuttage seeding bud of table is connected into situation living
Note: statistics strain number is 9 plants.
Other cuttage seedings carry out breaking control root device investigation, and cuttage seeding growing way result is as follows:
6 seedling stem section growth of cuttage seedlings situation of table
Note: statistics strain number is 25 plants.
Embodiment 3
Make stock bud from a collection of rubber seedling in November, 2018 to be connected into budling living, chooses the seedling for cutting bar
Stem section material is cut into the branch section of 15~25cm long, and the method for the present invention is taken to carry out cuttage management.In July, 2019 it is long to two to
Three fluffy leaf stationary phases, detailed process is as follows:
Cuttage management: the seedling branch section after bar will be cut in 50~100ppm evil gram disinfectant and sterilize 30min, will have been disappeared
The cuttings base portion of poison impregnates 30min in 250 times of strength rooting powder solutions and is handled；Then cuttings is inserted in be equipped with respectively and has been disappeared
The pure peat or turf of poison: coco bran: carrying out cultivation of taking root in perlite (1:1:1) height of stand foot seedling culture hole plate, in cultivating process
Ensure air humidity 85% or so, substrate temperature covers the black shading net of 75% sunshade rate at 20~28 DEG C；Spray is used weekly
50~100ppm evil gram disinfectant is primary, until cuttage rooting sprouts；
Acclimatization and transplants: the cuttings sprouted that will start to take root is transferred to control root device (the diameter 15cm equipped with pure coco bran matrix
× high 40cm) in further cultivate, retain a strong bud culture trunk, other buds in stock stem section of erasing, in incubation
The micro- light filling of 1000 times of spray closes 600Lift foliar fertilizer, once a week, until a fluffy Ye Wending, every two when the second fluffy leaf starts to sprout
All 1% compound fertilizer of Shi Yici (N:P:K ratio is that the compound fertilizer of 15:15:15 adds urea, compound fertilizer: urea=4:1) aqueous solutions,
50ml/ plants.Wherein, the generation of routine observation pest and disease damage, main disease have powdery mildew, and main insect pest has coccid, prevent
Control same conventional method.Two to three fluffy leaf stationary phase statistical results are as follows:
7 seedling stem section growth of cuttage seedlings situation of table
Note: statistics strain number is 13 plants.The rooting rate of two kinds of matrix of taking root is not significantly different, and data are not listed.
Above disclosed is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, cannot limit the right of the present invention with this certainly
Range, therefore equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of the present invention still fall within the range that the present invention is covered.
Claims (5)
1. rubber tree cuttage and seedling culture method, which is characterized in that method includes the following steps:
(1) cuttings selects: selection rubber tree green budding seedling bud be connected into it is living after cut anvil material middle and lower part branch, the branch age is
In three ages or the middle and lower part branch of selection rubber tree tissue-cultured seedling, branch age are in two ages；
(2) cuttings sterilizes: the branch in step (1) being cut into 15~25cm long with secateurs, at upper lower cut 1cm respectively at least
It is put into 500 times of carbendazim or 50~100ppm evil gram disinfectant and sterilizes without petiole and leaf with a bud point
30min；
(3) root-growing agent selects: the cuttings base portion sterilized is immersed in the bis- gills of 100ppm-GGR6 numbers or 250 times of strengths
30min in rooting powder solution；
(4) matrix selects: cutting medium is pure peat or pure coco bran or turf, coco bran and perlite mixture；By cuttage
Matrix is drenched with disinfectant, and can squeeze out a small amount of liquid with hand grasping matrix is advisable, and fills seedlings nursing plate, for use；
(5) cuttage management: by the cuttings insertion nursery disk hole center in step (3), matrix is compacted with thumb and index finger；Cuttage
Time 500 times of carbendazim or 50~100ppm evil gram disinfectant are sprayed with sprayer immediately to cuttings afterwards, then prop arched shed shelf,
Electronics Hygrothermograph is hung up, keeps air humidity 70~85%, substrate temperature covers the black of 75% sunshade rate at 20~28 DEG C
Color shading net；500 times of carbendazim or 50~100ppm evil gram disinfectant are sprayed weekly, until cuttage rooting sprouts；
(6) acclimatization and transplants: the cuttings of sprouting of having started to take root is transferred in the control root device equipped with above-mentioned cutting medium and further trains
It supports, 1000 times of micro- light fillings is sprayed in incubation and close 600Lift foliar fertilizer, once a week, until a fluffy Ye Wending, is opened to the second fluffy leaf
Beginning applies a 1% compound fertilizer aqueous solution every two weeks when sprouting, 50ml/ plants, the second fluffy leaf can be out of the garden when stablizing aging.
2. rubber tree cuttage and seedling culture method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the turf: coco bran: perlite
Weight percent is 1:1:1.
3. rubber tree cuttage and seedling culture method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the cutting medium is with more than 500 times
Bacterium spirit or 50~100ppm evil gram disinfectant are drenched.
4. rubber tree cuttage and seedling culture method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the seedlings nursing plate selects height of stand foot
Seedlings nursing plate.
5. rubber tree cuttage and seedling culture method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the compound fertilizer aqueous solution is by N:P:
The compound fertilizer that K ratio is 15:15:15 adds urea according to weight ratio 4:1 and configures.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111406569A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-07-14 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Seedling culture method for culturing large full-crown seedlings of rubber trees |
| CN114402826A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-04-29 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Simple and efficient seedling raising method for rubber tree seedling bud grafting seedlings |
| CN114532087A (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-05-27 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Bud grafting seedling method for rubber trees |
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| CN111406569A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-07-14 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Seedling culture method for culturing large full-crown seedlings of rubber trees |
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| CN114532087B (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2023-01-20 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Bud grafting seedling method for rubber trees |
| CN114402826A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-04-29 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Simple and efficient seedling raising method for rubber tree seedling bud grafting seedlings |
| CN114402826B (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2023-04-07 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Simple and efficient seedling raising method for rubber tree seedling bud grafting seedlings |
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