CN107360931A - A kind of method that old peach garden is quickly updated to garden - Google Patents
A kind of method that old peach garden is quickly updated to garden Download PDFInfo
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- CN107360931A CN107360931A CN201710687496.8A CN201710687496A CN107360931A CN 107360931 A CN107360931 A CN 107360931A CN 201710687496 A CN201710687496 A CN 201710687496A CN 107360931 A CN107360931 A CN 107360931A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method that old peach garden is quickly updated to garden, it is related to technical field of fruit tree production.By the present invention in that carry out the cultivation of container seedling seedlings with facility plastic greenhouse, then field planting is carried out using container seedling and reaches old peach garden to be colonized the purpose gone into operation then then.The present invention includes the preparation of container, the selection and field planting of nursery stock, water and fertilizer management, pruning and the technology such as control flower, transplanting building well.Utilize the present invention, treelet concentrates placement to be easy to manage, Economization on land, and transplanting survival rate is high, it is not required to slow seedling, inhibitory action of the continuous cropping to sapling up-growth is prevented, container seedling shapes, when the year's harvest is spent then, and there are yield and income in old peach garden then after transplanting, First Year in conventional cultivation can be avoided not have the problem of yield, land utilization ratio can be increased with Economization on land using this method, reduced because changing the economic loss that kind is brought.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of fruit tree production, is specifically related to a kind of method that old peach garden is quickly updated to garden.
Background technology
Peach is the fourth-largest fruit tree species in China, and cultivated area is extensive.Due to the infringement of gummosis and longicorn, peach plantation longevity
Life generally 8~10 years, with the quickening that peach variety updates, will change new varieties every 5~7 years now.Fruit tree
Plant the land area that uses increasingly to reduce, in rising trend, orchard worker substantially carries out Cultivar replacing in old park and changed land rent
Generation, conventional method are to dig up old fruit tree to plant upper treelet, and this method continuous cropping is very big on sapling up-growth influence, or 1 year water of plantation
Rice carries out crops for rotation and switched, and so more adds the time of treelet result.Both approaches will all reduce the income of orchard worker.More than
Exemplified by sea, peach production year net income is about 5000~10000 yuan, about 2000 yuan of every mu of ground of land rent, general planting technology treelet
Field planting the first two years, which there is no, takes in and also to pay land rent.
Weak serious tree vigo(u)r, yield reduction, quality decline occurs in the plantation of peach continuous cropping, and the tree body lost of life shows
As remarkable in economical benefits declines.Forefathers study the factor for thinking to be punished for being related to obstacle and are attributed to：(1) due to even do make it is some in soil
Nutrient dificiency；(2) noxious material of damage to crops growth is secreted out of into soil from root；(3) stem, leaf and root stubble residual are made before
In soil, toxicant contained by it is to after as poisoning；(4) the micro- life of soil of harmful same origin is bred in soil
Thing and pathogen and nematode etc..Cyanogen glycosides produces hydrogen after being hydrolyzed in soil in its root exudates after measured in peach continuous cropping
Cyanic acid and benzaldehyde, so as to suppress peach growth.Crop rotation is mainly taken in production, the method such as soil is handled with wide-spectrum bactericide come
Continuous cropping obstacle is administered, but cost is high, and effect is poor, pollutes environment.Into garden method, there is the continuous cropping of severity in existing old peach garden
Obstacle.
The content of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to provide fast seedling growing in a kind of facility and the method for transplanting building well, gram
The continuous cropping problem of conventional building well is taken, the reduction treelet phase does not have economic loss caused by yield.
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, the present invention provides following technical scheme：
The invention provides a kind of method that old peach garden is quickly updated to garden, comprise the following steps：
(1) control root nursery obtains field planting and use peach seedling, during the nursery density of peach seedling be (1.5~2m) ×
0.6m；
(2) trunk diameter is selected to enter not less than the nursery stock of 0.5cm, root system without root nodule in the peach seedling that the nursery obtains
Row field planting；
(3) water and fertilizer management, pruning and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control are carried out to the nursery stock after the field planting；
(4) it is higher than 1.5m in selection in March in December then to the next year height of tree, treelet of the diameter more than 2cm carries out crop field
Transplanting, cave 30~50cm of diameter is transplanted, high 30~50cm, seeding row spacing is 4m × (1.5~2) m.
Preferably, step (1) the control root nursery includes the component of volumes below fraction with matrix：0~20% loose squama,
30~50% organic fertilizer and 30~60% garden mould.
Preferably, water and fertilizer management is to water once for every 3~4 days in the step (3), sprays a foliar fertilizer within every 10 days,
Every 7~10 days ground fertilising is once.
Preferably, the ground fertilising is to apply water-soluble high nitrogen fertilizer.
Preferably, the foliar fertilizer is the water of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of the urea and 0.3~0.5wt.% that include 0.3wt.%
Solution.
Preferably, it is further comprising the steps of before the field-transplanting of the step (4)：Treat transplanting orchard carry out clear garden and
Orchard waterflooding.
Preferably, the process in the clear garden comprises the following steps：After the completion of being harvested in 8~September part orchard, veteran is dug out,
And remove veteran undesirable root.
Preferably, the orchard waterflooding is that water logging discharges water after 10~20 days in orchard.
Preferably, after the field-transplanting of the step (4), treelet is trimmed, retains thin and delicate branch.
The invention provides fast seedling growing in a kind of facility and the method for transplanting building well, until field planting, container seedling
Horizontal fibrous root has covered with, and upright root is strong, and treelet is strong after field planting, it is not necessary to which slow seedling, growing power is vigorous, the ability of anti-continuous cropping
Enhancing.Plant is higher after method transplanting provided by the invention, it is not easy to is swallowed by weeds, survival rate is high；In addition, selection then 12
March in month to next year transplants, and tree body transpiration rate is small, and root system is fewer to the demand of water, and the exsiccosis during transplanting is not
Tree body can be damaged, and (0-15 DEG C) growth for being adapted to fibrous root of temperature when transplanting, greatly improve transplanting into
Motility rate；So that old peach garden building well, substantially survival rate to 100%, and First Year just can form yield again, increase income 6000~
8000 yuan.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the cultivation treelet field planting figure that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides；
Fig. 2 is the container seedling hair root figure that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides；
Fig. 3 is container transplantation of seedlings upgrowth situation in the November figure then that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides；
Fig. 4 is growth figure after the container seedling building well that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides；
Fig. 5 is the container transplantation of seedlings result figure then that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of method that old peach garden is quickly updated to garden, comprise the following steps：
(1) control root nursery obtains field planting and use peach seedling, during the nursery density of peach seedling be (1.5~2m) ×
0.6m；
(2) trunk diameter is selected to enter not less than the nursery stock of 0.5cm, root system without root nodule in the peach seedling that the nursery obtains
Row field planting；
(3) water and fertilizer management, pruning and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control are carried out to the nursery stock after the field planting；
(4) it is higher than 1.5m in selection in March in December then to the next year height of tree, treelet of the diameter more than 2cm carries out crop field
Transplanting, cave 30~50cm of diameter is transplanted, high 30~50cm, seeding row spacing is 4m × (1.5~2) m.
The present invention carries out controlling root device nursery, and the density of peach seedling is (1.5~2) m × 0.6m during nursery.In the present invention
In, the control root educates device seedling, is preferably carried out in the place such as facility plastic greenhouse for being capable of sun-rain-shading, the present invention is to the facility
The height of greenhouse does not have special restriction, using the height of facility plastic greenhouse well known to those skilled in the art, specifically, institute
It is 3~5m that it is highly preferred, which to state facility plastic greenhouse,.
The present invention does not have special restriction to the mode of the nursery, specifically, the present invention is preferably carried out in root device is controlled
Nursery, the control root device are conventional control root device, and commercially available prod may be selected；Height is preferably 30cm, and diameter is preferably 30cm.In this hair
In bright, it is preferably (1.5~2) m × 0.6m that the control root device, which puts density, and 1.5~2m of present invention line-spacing is easy to walk and entered
The farming operations such as row laxative；0.6m spacing in the rows, which disclosure satisfy that the space requirement of treelet current growth and can save soil, occupies
Area.In the present invention, the ground laying ground cloth that the control root device is put, described ground cloth is preferably black gardening ground cloth, is used for
Weeding and k-index development.In the present invention, the black cloth preferably lay 90g/m2.In the present invention, the nursery
Kind be Shanghai 430, Shanghai 425, brocade flower reflects white red, lake scape honeydew honey peach, the fragrant yellow peach of brocade, one kind or more in beautiful yellow peach
Kind.In the present invention, the nursery stock of the nursery is bought from Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai City.
In the present invention, step (1) the control root nursery matrix, the component of volumes below fraction is included：0~20%
Loose squama, 30~50% organic fertilizer and 30~60% garden mould.In the present invention, the organic fertilizer is preferably decomposed farmers'
Fertilizer, the one or more in more preferably decomposed cow dung, chicken manure, sheep manure, most preferably decomposed cow dung；In the present invention
In, the garden mould organic matter average content is >=1.5%, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 100-200mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 10-40mg/kg, full potassium
2.16%, pH value average 6.89.
When the present invention carries out nursery using control root device, the present invention preferably adds 1/3 matrix into control root device, after compacting again
The matrix of 1/2 control root device volume is filled, then is tamped.
Carry out after controlling root nursery, present invention selection trunk diameter is not less than 0.5cm, and nursery stock of the root system without root nodule is determined
Plant.In the present invention, the field planting of the step (2) preferably band Tu Tuo is carried out, and band Tu Tuo, which is colonized, does not hinder root system, without slow seedling
Phase.In the present invention, root water is poured after field planting, avoided because bad or even dead seedling is taken root caused by transplanting, so that surviving
Rate reaches 100%.
After being colonized, the present invention carries out water and fertilizer management, pruning and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.In the present invention, the water
Fertilizer management once, sprayed a foliar fertilizer for every 10 days, every 7~10 days ground fertilising is once for watering in every 3~4 days.In the present invention
In, the water and fertilizer management is preferably carried out in summer (5~August)；In the present invention, the watering is preferably entered using drip irrigation equipment
OK；In the present invention, the watering is preferably carried out at dusk 17~19, it is furthermore preferred that being carried out at dusk 17~18；
In the present invention, the time of the drip irrigation is preferably 3~4h.
In the present invention, the foliar fertilizer is the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of the urea and 0.3~0.5wt.% that include 0.3wt.%
The aqueous solution.In the present invention, each Foliar Spraying to blade face is dripped；
In the present invention, the ground fertilising for the water-soluble high nitrogen fertilizer of application or spreads fertilizer over the fields urea, the height in vessel surface
The nitrogen content of nitrogenous fertilizer is preferably 30~35%, a great number of elements N, P, K total content >=52%, source of the present invention to the high nitrogen fertilizer
There is no special restriction, using conventional commercial high nitrogen fertilizer product well known to those skilled in the art, such as the green fast 32-10- of leaf
10+TE。
In the present invention, the pruning includes trimming and control flower, and the trimming is preferably summer pruning and winter
Trimming.In the present invention, done surely when summer pruning preferably selects 40~60cm cm heights, and wipe out all branches on trunk,
Bondage is carried out using bamboo pole；Base portion sublateral shoot length carries out pinching processing when reaching 15cm：When sublateral shoot grows to more than 30cm, to tiltedly raw
Carry out turning round the tip with upright sublateral shoot and draw branch, to control sublateral shoot excessively thick, excessively prosperous grow, ensure apical dominance and the overstriking of center pin
Growth.In the present invention, the winter pruning, to not forming the developmental branch of bud or only in 2~4 buds of top formation
Fruitful branch, stay 2 bud cutting backs；Dredge and remove the branch of excessive growth, slim and frahile branch, sick branch, fruit branch end of the branch distance is maintained at 20~25cm model
In enclosing.Exceed the fruitful branch at center dry more than 1/2 for rugosity, cut off 1~2, to keep the dry growth vigor in center；Center
Dry extension branch cuts stay length to be total length 60~70%.In the present invention, the control is spent preferably in mid-July, at this
In invention, the control is spent preferably carries out foliage-spray using paclobutrazol, and the concentration of the paclobutrazol is 150~200 times of liquid.
In the present invention, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, preferably anti-to eliminate aphis, anti-eliminate aphis uses biological control side
Method, it is preferred that be to carry out aphid using ladybug card and minute pirate bugs to catch and kill.
After having carried out water and fertilizer management, pruning and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, the present invention selects in March in December then to next year
Select the height of tree and be higher than 1.5m, treelet of the diameter more than 2cm carries out field-transplanting, transplant cave 30~50cm of diameter, high 30~50cm, strain
Line-spacing is 4m × (1.5~2) m.In the present invention, it is further comprising the steps of before the field-transplanting：Clear garden and orchard waterflooding.
In the present invention, the process in the clear garden comprises the following steps：After the completion of being harvested in 8~September part orchard, veteran is dug out, and remove
Veteran undesirable root.In the present invention, the orchard waterflooding is that water logging discharges water after 10~20 days in orchard.In the present invention, it is described
Orchard waterflooding is discharged water by broad irrigation immersion, and the noxious material in soil, which leaches, to be lost in, and can reduce the Auto toxicity of nursery stock
Probability of happening, reduce injury of the continuous cropping to treelet.
In the present invention, the field-transplanting was carried out in March in December then to next year, in the present invention, during transplanting
0~15 DEG C of temperature, it is adapted to the growth of fibrous root, greatly improves the survival rate of transplanting, the transplanting is entered in the non-rudiment of treelet
OK.Before transplanting, container seedling is preferably watered, and coring is exposed after preventing transplanting process mesostroma loosely, the lifting transport of band container,
It is directly placed into planting pit, removes container, final singling of then watering.In the present invention, the treelet, stalwartness, the height of tree are preferably selected
In 1.5m, trunk diameter is more than 2cm treelet；The planting pit in the present invention, specification are preferably diameter 40cm, high
40cm；Seeding row spacing 4m × (1.5~2) rice after the transplanting.
In the present invention, after the field-transplanting, treelet is trimmed, retains thin and delicate branch.Described be trimmed to subtracts slightly
Degree the branch for no bud that bounces back, retains thin and delicate branch, can keep the trunk of peach, and trunk more than the branch of trunk 1/2
Growth vigor, reduce the branch of no bud, avoid causing canopy, while easily formed and work as annual production.
Garden method is quickly updated to reference to embodiment to old peach garden provided by the invention to be described in detail, still
They can not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
In Jinshan District Feng Jing fruits and vegetables Specialty Co-operative Organization, veteran kind is updated to the yellow peach of Shanghai 338 for the peach garden of beautiful yellow peach
Kind.
The yellow peach sapling of Shanghai 338 is cultivated：In facility plastic greenhouse, diameter 30cm, high 30cm control root device are selected with 2m × 0.6m's
Density carries out the nursery of the fragrant yellow peach of brocade, and seedling medium is 20% loose squama, and 30% decomposed cow dung, 50% garden mould, black is laid on ground
Ground cloth；Selection is healthy and strong, more than trunk diameter 0.5cm, and bright and beautiful fragrant yellow peach seedling of the root system without root nodule is colonized, is poured after field planting and determine root
Water；Done surely during trunk height 50cm, wipe out all branches, bamboo pole bondage, and carry out the torsion tip, draw branch, 5~July every 3 days drip irrigations
Water 3h, after field planting during the long 15cm of young sprout, applies within every 7 days the green fast 32-10-10+TE Water soluble fertilizers of a leaf, continues to late July, newly
After tip 15cm 1 foliar fertilizer is sprayed every 10d；Mid-July carries out foliage-spray using 150 times of paclobutrazols；To not having during winter pruning
The branch and rugosity for having bud stay 2 bud cutting backs more than the branch of 1/2 trunk, keep the dry growth vigor in center；
Transplant building well：September part, big tree is excavated using digging machine, and clear up undesirable root, whole garden discharges water after pouring water 15 days, such as
This is repeated twice, and container seedling poured to December to start transplant planting after water to crop field, cropping pattern be high-density planting, is colonized
Density is 4m × 2m, and mu is colonized 84 plants, and transplanting survival rate 100%, then per rime fruit 15-25, June 15 started for transplanting
Maturation, 150~200 grams of single fruit weight, soluble solid content 11%, strain yield are about 7 jin, and per mu yield is about 600 jin, fruit
Product commodity rate is 70%, yuan/jin of fruit average sales price 10, about 4200 yuan or so of per mu yield value.
Embodiment 2
In Jinshan District Feng Jing fruits and vegetables Specialty Co-operative Organization, veteran kind is updated to the fragrant yellow peach product of brocade for the peach garden of beautiful yellow peach
Kind：
The fragrant yellow peach sapling of brocade is cultivated：In facility plastic greenhouse, diameter 30cm, high 30cm control root device are selected with the close of 2m × 0.6m
Degree carries out the nursery of the fragrant yellow peach of brocade, and seedling medium is 20% loose squama, and 30% decomposed cow dung, 50% garden mould, ground is with laying black
Cloth；Selection is healthy and strong, more than trunk diameter 0.5cm, and bright and beautiful fragrant yellow peach seedling of the root system without root nodule is colonized, and root water is poured after field planting；
Done surely during trunk height 50cm, wipe out all branches, bamboo pole bondage, and carried out the torsion tip, draw branch, 5~July, every 3 days drip irrigations were poured
Water 3h, after field planting during the long 15cm of young sprout, the green fast 32-10-10+TE Water soluble fertilizers of a leaf are applied within every 7 days, are continueed to late July, young sprout
After 15cm 1 foliar fertilizer is sprayed every 10d；Mid-July carries out foliage-spray using 150 times of paclobutrazols；To not having during winter pruning
The branch that the branch and rugosity of bud are more than 1/2 trunk stays 2 bud cutting backs, keeps the dry growth vigor in center；
Transplant building well：September part, big tree is excavated using digging machine, and clear up undesirable root, whole garden discharges water after pouring water 15 days, such as
This is repeated twice, and container seedling poured to December to start transplant planting after water to crop field, cropping pattern be high-density planting, is colonized
Density is 3.5m × 2m, and mu is colonized 100 plants, and transplanting survival rate 100%, transplanting is then per rime fruit 20-30, June 28
Start maturation, 200~250 grams of single fruit weight, soluble solid content 12%, strain yield is about 8 jin, and per mu yield is about 800
Jin, fruit commodity rate are 70%, yuan/jin of fruit average sales price 8,4480 yuan or so of per mu yield value.
Embodiment 3
In the old peach garden in area of Pudong family, veteran kind is updated to new phoenix honeydew kind for the peach garden of lake scape honeydew：
New phoenix honeydew sapling is cultivated：In facility plastic greenhouse, diameter 30cm, high 30cm control root device are selected with 1.5m × 0.6m's
Density carries out the nursery of new phoenix honeydew, and seedling medium is 10% loose squama, and 40% decomposed cow dung, 50% garden mould, black is laid on ground
Ground cloth；Selection is healthy and strong, more than trunk diameter 0.5cm, and new phoenix honeydew seedling of the root system without root nodule is colonized, is poured after field planting and determine root
Water；Done surely during trunk height 60cm, wipe out all branches, bamboo pole bondage, 5~July, every 4 days drip irrigations watering 3h, new after field planting
During the long 15cm of the tip, the green fast 32-10-10+TE of a leaf is applied within every 9 days, continues to late July, spray 1 foliar fertilizer every 10d；In 7 months
Ten days is sprayed using 200 times of paclobutrazols；2 are stayed more than the branch of 1/2 trunk to the branch and rugosity of no bud during winter pruning
Bud cutting back, keep the dry growth vigor in center；Transplant building well：September part, big tree is excavated using digging machine, and clear up undesirable root, it is whole
Garden discharges water after pouring water 15 days, is so repeated twice, and starts transplant planting to crop field, planting die after December container seedling having been poured into water
Formula is high-density planting, and plantation density is 4m × 1.5m, and mu is colonized 111 plants, and transplanting survival rate 100%, transplanting is often set then
Bear fruit 15-30, started ripe, 150-250 grams of single fruit weight, soluble solid content 13% on July 20, strain yield is about
10 jin, per mu yield is about 1100 jin, yuan/jin of average sales price 8, commodity fruit rate 60%, 5280 yuan or so of per mu yield value.
Embodiment 4
In Jinshan District Feng Jing fruits and vegetables Specialty Co-operative Organization, veteran kind is updated to the yellow peach of Shanghai 430 for the peach garden of beautiful yellow peach
Kind：
The yellow peach sapling of Shanghai 430 is cultivated：In facility plastic greenhouse, diameter 30cm, high 30cm control root device are selected with 2m × 0.6m's
Density carries out the nursery of the fragrant yellow peach of brocade, and seedling medium is 20% loose squama, and 30% decomposed cow dung, 50% garden mould, black is laid on ground
Ground cloth；Selection is healthy and strong, more than trunk diameter 0.5cm, and bright and beautiful fragrant yellow peach seedling of the root system without root nodule is colonized, is poured after field planting and determine root
Water；Done surely during trunk height 50cm, wipe out all branches, bamboo pole bondage, and carry out the torsion tip, draw branch, 5~July every 3 days drip irrigations
Water 3h, after field planting during the long 15cm of young sprout, applies within every 7 days the green fast 32-10-10+TE Water soluble fertilizers of a leaf, continues to late July, newly
After tip 15cm 1 foliar fertilizer is sprayed every 10d；Mid-July carries out foliage-spray using 150 times of paclobutrazols；To not having during winter pruning
The branch and rugosity for having bud stay 2 bud cutting backs more than the branch of 1/2 trunk, keep the dry growth vigor in center；
Transplant building well：September part, big tree is excavated using digging machine, and clear up undesirable root, whole garden discharges water after pouring water 15 days, such as
This is repeated twice, and container seedling poured to December to start transplant planting after water to crop field, cropping pattern be high-density planting, is colonized
Density is 4m × 2m, and mu is colonized 84 plants, and transplanting survival rate 100%, then per rime fruit 20-30, July 25 started for transplanting
Maturation, 200~250 grams of single fruit weight, soluble solid content 12%, strain yield are about 8-10 jin, and per mu yield is about 800
Jin, fruit commodity rate are 70%, yuan/jin of fruit average sales price 10, about 5000 yuan or so of per mu yield value.
Embodiment 5
In Jinshan District Feng Jing fruits and vegetables Specialty Co-operative Organization, veteran kind is updated to brocade flower yellow peach product for the peach garden of beautiful yellow peach
Kind：
Brocade flower yellow peach sapling is cultivated：In facility plastic greenhouse, diameter 30cm, high 30cm control root device are selected with the close of 2m × 0.6m
Degree carries out the nursery of the fragrant yellow peach of brocade, and seedling medium is 20% loose squama, and 30% decomposed cow dung, 50% garden mould, ground is with laying black
Cloth；Selection is healthy and strong, more than trunk diameter 0.5cm, and bright and beautiful fragrant yellow peach seedling of the root system without root nodule is colonized, and root water is poured after field planting；
Done surely during trunk height 50cm, wipe out all branches, bamboo pole bondage, and carried out the torsion tip, draw branch, 5~July, every 3 days drip irrigations were poured
Water 3h, after field planting during the long 15cm of young sprout, the green fast 32-10-10+TE Water soluble fertilizers of a leaf are applied within every 7 days, are continueed to late July, young sprout
After 15cm 1 foliar fertilizer is sprayed every 10d；Mid-July carries out foliage-spray using 150 times of paclobutrazols；To not having during winter pruning
The branch that the branch and rugosity of bud are more than 1/2 trunk stays 2 bud cutting backs, keeps the dry growth vigor in center；
Transplant building well：September part, big tree is excavated using digging machine, and clear up undesirable root, whole garden discharges water after pouring water 15 days, such as
This is repeated twice, and container seedling poured to December to start transplant planting after water to crop field, cropping pattern be high-density planting, is colonized
Density is 4m × 2m, and mu is colonized 84 plants, and transplanting survival rate 100%, then per rime fruit 20-30, August starts on the 25th for transplanting
Maturation, 250~300 grams of single fruit weight, soluble solid content 12%, strain yield are about 10-12 jin, and per mu yield is about 800
Jin, fruit commodity rate are 70%, yuan/jin of fruit average sales price 15, about 8400 yuan or so of per mu yield value.
Embodiment 6
In Jinshan District Feng Jing fruits and vegetables Specialty Co-operative Organization, veteran kind is updated to special late variety for the peach garden of beautiful yellow peach
It is red to reflect frost：
White mangrove seedling is reflected to cultivate：In facility plastic greenhouse, diameter 30cm, high 30cm control root device are selected with 2m × 0.6m density
Carry out the nursery of the fragrant yellow peach of brocade, seedling medium be 20% loose squama, 30% decomposed cow dung, 50% garden mould, ground with laying black cloth；
Selection is healthy and strong, more than trunk diameter 0.5cm, and bright and beautiful fragrant yellow peach seedling of the root system without root nodule is colonized, and root water is poured after field planting；Trunk
Done surely during height 50cm, wipe out all branches, bamboo pole bondage, and carried out the torsion tip, draw branch, every 3 days drip irrigations watering in 5~July 3h,
After field planting during the long 15cm of young sprout, the green fast 32-10-10+TE Water soluble fertilizers of a leaf are applied within every 7 days, are continueed to late July, young sprout 15cm
Afterwards 1 foliar fertilizer is sprayed every 10d；Mid-July carries out foliage-spray using 150 times of paclobutrazols；To no bud during winter pruning
Branch and rugosity be more than the branch of 1/2 trunk and stay 2 bud cutting backs, keep the dry growth vigor in center；
Transplant building well：September part, big tree is excavated using digging machine, and clear up undesirable root, whole garden discharges water after pouring water 15 days, such as
This is repeated twice, and container seedling poured to December to start transplant planting after water to crop field, cropping pattern be high-density planting, is colonized
Density is 4m × 2m, and mu is colonized 84 plants, and transplanting survival rate 100%, then per rime fruit 20-25, September starts on the 25th for transplanting
Maturation, 250~300 grams of single fruit weight, soluble solid content 12%, strain yield are about 10-12 jin, and per mu yield is about 800
Jin, fruit commodity rate are 70%, yuan/jin of fruit average sales price 15, about 8400 yuan or so of per mu yield value
Comparative example
The a certain peento gardens of Lv Xiang in Kingsoft, the beautiful dew peento of second crop soil plantation, survival rate 80%, are colonized winter tree vigo(u)r then
Weak, increment is small, and gummosis is serious, and fruitful branch amount is few, and the First Year plot is not taken in, 300 jin of Second Year per mu yield, mu income
2000 yuan.
Test example
Tested using the transplanting kind of embodiment 1~6, the measurement height of tree, tree are thick, thing hat width, north and south hat width, excessive growth
Branch, long fruit branch, medium fruit branch, the quantity of fruit spur, and can bear fruit then quantity, units increased in production etc..
Table 1. transplants each kind physiological data table then
Table 2. is transplanted forms yield and quality and units increased in production data then
As seen from the above embodiment, using the method for the present invention, influence of the continuous cropping to sapling up-growth is reduced, enables treelet
Enough normal growths；Improve the survival rate of peach field planting, it is not necessary to which seedling-slowing stage, the growth of orchard sapling are neat, it is possible to achieve fixed then
Plant has yield then, and 3000~5000 yuan are increased income than traditional planting models.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method that old peach garden is quickly updated to garden, comprises the following steps：
(1) control root nursery obtains field planting and uses peach seedling, and the density of peach seedling is (1.5~2m) × 0.6m during the nursery；
(2) trunk diameter is selected to be determined not less than the nursery stock of 0.5cm, root system without root nodule in the peach seedling that the nursery obtains
Plant；
(3) water and fertilizer management, pruning and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control are carried out to the nursery stock after the field planting；
(4) it is higher than 1.5m in selection in March in December then to the next year height of tree, treelet of the diameter more than 2cm carries out field-transplanting,
Cave 30~50cm of diameter is transplanted, high 30~50cm, seeding row spacing is 4m × (1.5~2) m.
2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that step (1) the control root nursery is included with lower body with matrix
The component of fraction：0~20% loose squama, 30~50% organic fertilizer and 30~60% garden mould.
3. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that water and fertilizer management is in the step (3)：Water within every 3~4 days
Once, a foliar fertilizer is sprayed within every 10 days, every 7~10 days ground fertilising is once.
4. according to the method for claim 3, it is characterised in that the ground fertilising is to apply water-soluble high nitrogen fertilizer.
5. according to the method for claim 3, it is characterised in that the foliar fertilizer is the urea and 0.3 for including 0.3wt.%
The aqueous solution of~0.5wt.% potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
6. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that also include before the field-transplanting of the step (4)：Treat shifting
The orchard of cultivation carries out clear garden and orchard waterflooding.
7. according to the method for claim 6, it is characterised in that the process in the clear garden comprises the following steps：In 8~September
After the completion of the harvesting of part orchard, veteran is dug out, removes veteran undesirable root.
8. according to the method for claim 6, it is characterised in that the orchard waterflooding is in orchard after water logging 10~20 days
Discharge water.
9. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that after the field-transplanting of the step (4), treelet is repaiied
Cut, retain thin and delicate branch.
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| CN111837776A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-10-30 | 安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Method for transforming inefficient old peach orchard by using peach piles |
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