CN103181287A - Technology for cultivating florescent large seedlings of peach protected cultivation - Google Patents
Technology for cultivating florescent large seedlings of peach protected cultivation Download PDFInfo
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- CN103181287A CN103181287A CN2013101014986A CN201310101498A CN103181287A CN 103181287 A CN103181287 A CN 103181287A CN 2013101014986 A CN2013101014986 A CN 2013101014986A CN 201310101498 A CN201310101498 A CN 201310101498A CN 103181287 A CN103181287 A CN 103181287A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a technology for cultivating florescent large seedlings of peach protected cultivation. A cloth bag or a root control device is taken as a container; culture substrate is the mixture of turf, vermiculite, sandy soil and cow dung; a small amount of bag-control slow release fertilizer is auxiliarily applied; common one-year peach seedlings are planted in the substrate; from earlier June, 0.3% of urea and 0.3% of monopotassium phosphate are applied to the leaf surface once every 10 days; from earlier July, plastic strips the width of which is 2.5cm are wound tightly around the main stems for 3-4 rounds and are bound for once to twice at 10-20cm on grafting unions, so as to limit the transportation of tree body nutrition to roots and promote the formation of flower buds on branches. The invention provides the technology for cultivating peach seedlings used for peach protected cultivation with more growth, branches and flower buds for production and solves the production technical problems of peach seedlings which have high yield in the same year in which the seedlings are planted.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of technology that the peach facility cultivation becomes the flower seedlings of cultivating, the peach nursery stock of cultivation can be realized field planting then, works as annual bearing, improves the early stage benefit of peach facility cultivation.
Background technology
Peach is the perennial deciduous fruit tree of rose family Prunus peach subgenus, and its fruit soft and succulency is tasteful, is popular fruit.The peach fruits nutrition is worth high, not only is rich in the polysaccharide pectic substance but also contains multivitamin and mineral element, and particularly iron content is higher, is not only all-ages fruit, and is also beneficial to women and children especially.
The peach seedling of cultivating in producing at present is mainly 1 year living seedling, can not realize planting then, then high yield; Be used for the technology of facility cultivation one-tenth flower seedlings seldom, but promote the peach seedling to become the technology of flower to mainly contain:
1, take rational planting density, repeatedly pinching in the seedling growth process, the control growth promotes branch and flower bud differentiation;
2, apply fertilizers scientifically, growth later stage control nitrogen fertilizer amount is controlled prosperous length, promotes flower bud differentiation;
3, in the process of growth, repeatedly spray paclobutrazol, suppress the tree bulk-growth, promote flower bud differentiation;
4, in the process of growth, particularly enter July after, adopt the method for butt girdling, the nutrition of blocking-up tree body is transported downwards, for flower bud differentiation provides more nutrition, improves bud and forms quantity;
Adopt above-mentioned 1 ~ 4 method, the producer's technical merit is had relatively high expectations, and the peach nursery stock branch of cultivating is undesirable, the bud negligible amounts.For technology 3, the tree body is sprayed paclobutrazol, be faced with the residual problem of suspicious chemicals; The risk that has strengthened tree body gummosis and germ intrusion is handled in the girdling that technology 4 adopts.
At present, the peach one-tenth flower seedlings of being badly in need of field planting then during China's peach facility is produced and getting bumper crops then improve the early stage benefit of facility cultivation.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is the deficiency that overcomes above-mentioned technology, and a kind of technology that the peach facility cultivation becomes the flower seedlings of cultivating is provided, and reaches plantation, Feng Chan purpose then then.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of technology of cultivating peach facility cultivation one-tenth flower seedlings, be container with cloth bag or control root device, cultivation matrix is the mixture of the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, sandy soil and cow dung, the volume ratio of the used peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, sandy soil and cow dung is 3 ~ 5:0.8 ~ 1.2:0.8 ~ 1.2:0.5 ~ 1.5, assist and execute a small amount of bag of control slow-release fertilizer, institute executes N:P in the bag control slow-release fertilizer
2O
5: K
2O=2:1:2 plants common 1 year living peach product seedling wherein, and 60cm ~ 70cm place is fixed does, and cultivates trunk and forms tree-like; Top pinching when newly growing to 10cm slightly, branch elongation 10cm pinching again; At the beginning of 6 months every 10 days foliage-spray 0.3% urea and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1 time; Beginning 10 ~ 20 centimeters on the grafting mouth are tightly twined trunk 3 ~ 4 circle colligations 1 ~ 2 road with the wide plastic strip of 2.5cm at the beginning of 7 months, and the nutrition of restriction tree body is transported to root, promotes that bud forms on the branch.
The technology of the present invention is preferably as follows step:
A kind ofly cultivate the technology that the peach facility cultivation becomes the flower seedlings, adopting the mixture of the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, sandy soil and cow dung is matrix, and the volume ratio of the used peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, sandy soil and cow dung is 4:1:1:1, auxilliaryly executes a small amount of bag of control slow-release fertilizer, and institute executes N:P in the bag control slow-release fertilizer
2O
5: K
2O=2:1:2, with cloth bag or the control root device root container that is limited, the 60cm place is dried calmly behind 1 year the livings peach product seedling of planting; Top pinching when newly growing to 10cm slightly, branch elongation 10cm pinching again; At the beginning of 6 months every 10 days foliage-spray 0.3% urea and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1 time; Beginning 10 centimeters on the grafting mouth are tightly twined trunk 3 ~ 4 circle colligations 1 road with the wide plastic strip of 2.5cm at the beginning of 7 months, and the nutrition of restriction tree body is transported to root, promotes that bud forms on the branch.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: modern design of the present invention, simple to operate, safe ready, for providing a kind of peach facility cultivation of higher amount of growth, Cheng Zhiliang and bud quantity of cultivating with the technology of peach seedling in producing, solved the peach seedling agricultural technology problem that to get bumper crops then after the field planting then in producing.One-tenth flower seedlings with this technology is produced are used in the production of facility peach and high density open country peach and can greatly improve early stage economic benefit.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment and practical operation experiment:
Embodiment 1
A kind of technology of cultivating peach facility cultivation one-tenth flower seedlings, adopting the mixture of the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, sandy soil and cow dung is matrix, the volume ratio of the used peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, sandy soil and cow dung is 3:0.8:0.8:0.5, assists and executes a small amount of bag of control slow-release fertilizer, and institute executes N:P in the bag control slow-release fertilizer
2O
5: K
2O=2:1:2, with cloth bag or the control root device root container that is limited, the 60cm place is dried calmly behind 1 year the livings peach product seedling of planting; Top pinching when newly growing to 10cm slightly, branch elongation 10cm pinching again; At the beginning of 6 months every 10 days foliage-spray 0.3% urea and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1 time; Beginning 10 centimeters on the grafting mouth are tightly twined trunk 3 ~ 4 circle colligations 1 road with the wide plastic strip of 2.5cm at the beginning of 7 months, and the nutrition of restriction tree body is transported to root, promotes that bud forms on the branch.
Embodiment 2
A kind of technology of cultivating peach facility cultivation one-tenth flower seedlings, be container with cloth bag or control root device, cultivation matrix is the mixture of the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, sandy soil and cow dung, the volume ratio of the used peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, sandy soil and cow dung is 5:1.2:1.2:1.5, assist and execute a small amount of bag of control slow-release fertilizer, institute executes N:P in the bag control slow-release fertilizer
2O
5: K
2O=2:1:2 plants common 1 year living peach product seedling wherein, and 60cm ~ 70cm place is fixed does, and cultivates trunk and forms tree-like; Top pinching when newly growing to 10cm slightly, branch elongation 10cm pinching again; At the beginning of 6 months every 10 days foliage-spray 0.3% urea and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1 time; Beginning 15 centimeters on the grafting mouth are tightly twined trunk 3 ~ 4 circle colligations 1 road with the wide plastic strip of 2.5cm at the beginning of 7 months, and the nutrition of restriction tree body is transported to root, promotes that bud forms on the branch.
Embodiment 3
A kind of technology of cultivating peach facility cultivation one-tenth flower seedlings, be container with cloth bag or control root device, cultivation matrix is the mixture of the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, sandy soil and cow dung, the volume ratio of the used peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, sandy soil and cow dung is 4:1:1:1, assist and execute a small amount of bag of control slow-release fertilizer, institute executes N:P in the bag control slow-release fertilizer
2O
5: K
2O=2:1:2 plants common 1 year living peach product seedling wherein, and 60cm ~ 70cm place is fixed does, and cultivates trunk and forms tree-like; Top pinching when newly growing to 10cm slightly, branch elongation 10cm pinching again; At the beginning of 6 months every 10 days foliage-spray 0.3% urea and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1 time; At the beginning of 7 months beginning on the grafting mouth 10 centimetres and 20 centimeters each tightly twine trunk 3 ~ 4 circle colligation twice with the wide plastic strip of 2.5cm, the nutrition of restriction tree body is transported to root, bud formation on the promotion branch.
Concrete experimental implementation is as follows:
Experiment material: to be that the mixture (volume ratio is 4:1:1:1) of the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, sandy soil and cow dung is auxilliary execute a small amount of bag of control slow-release fertilizer (wherein, N:P to matrix
2O
5: K
2O=2:1:2); The container of planting is plastic basin or cloth bag, and the common seedling variety name of living peach was middle peasant Jin Hui in 1 year; 2.5 the wide plastic strip of ~ 3cm; Experiment reagent is 15% paclobutrazol wetting powder, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, clear water etc.
Experimental technique: the mixture (volume ratio is 4:1:1:1) of the employing peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, sandy soil and cow dung is assisted and is executed a small amount of bag of control slow-release fertilizer (wherein, N:P
2O
5: K
2O=2:1:2) be matrix, with cloth bag or the control root device root container that is limited, the 60cm place is dried calmly behind 1 year the livings peach product seedling of planting.Top pinching when newly growing to 10cm slightly, branch elongation 10cm pinching again.The nursery stock management is adopted to irrigate to be with and is watered, every 7 days once.
Preparation contains 0.3% urea (m/v) and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate (m/v) solution respectively.At the beginning of 6 months every 10 days foliage-spray 0.3% urea and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1 time.
Prepare 0.1% paclobutrazol (m/v) solution.From July 1, choose 30 strains and spray paclobutrazol solution, sprayed once every 10 days, 10 strains are a repetition; Choose 30 strains and use plastic strip colligation 1 road at grafting mouth 10cm place, do not spray paclobutrazol, 10 strains are a repetition; Choose 30 strains 10cm place, 20cm place above the grafting mouth and with each colligation of plastic strip once also do not spray paclobutrazol.The bud sum that on the boundray branch of adding up the different disposal nursery stock December, fruit spur, medium fruit branch, long fruit branch quantity and fruit branch behind the peach fallen leaves, forms, data SPASS software analysis, income effect is compared as follows table.
The table ring is pricked with paclobutrazol and is handled middle peasant Jin Hui nectarine fruit branch quantity and the influence that becomes the flower amount
Processing mode | Boundray branch | Fruit spur | Medium fruit branch | Long fruit branch | The bud sum |
Dicyclo is pricked | 2.2a | 17.4a | 14.4a | 10.4a | 338.6ab |
Monocycle is pricked | 1.6a | 18.6a | 12.8a | 10.4a | 379.2a |
Paclobutrazol | 1.8a | 17.4a | 11.8a | 8.9a | 247b |
Annotate: the different lowercase in digital back represents that two data differences are remarkable, and identical letter representation two data do not have significant difference.
As seen from the above table, colligation 1 road or 2 road plastic strips on the peach seedling grafting mouth of cultivating all spray the formation that 0.1% paclobutrazol solution can promote bud, increase the bud sum that forms on the fruit bearing shoot; Ring bundle 2 roads are effective for 10cm ring Zha1Dao on the grafting mouth.Prick at seedling grafting mouth ring with plastic strip, it is simple to operate, and safety non-pollution, paclobutrazol are handled and then had risk residual in the nursery stock, may influence the fruit of setting the coming year on the body.
Claims (2)
1. cultivate the technology that the peach facility cultivation becomes the flower seedlings for one kind, it is characterized in that: a kind of technology of cultivating peach facility cultivation one-tenth flower seedlings, be container with cloth bag or control root device, cultivation matrix is the mixture of the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, sandy soil and cow dung, the volume ratio of the used peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, sandy soil and cow dung is 3 ~ 5:0.8 ~ 1.2:0.8 ~ 1.2:0.5 ~ 1.5, assist and execute a small amount of bag of control slow-release fertilizer, institute executes N:P in the bag control slow-release fertilizer
2O
5: K
2O=2:1:2 plants common 1 year living peach product seedling wherein, and 60cm ~ 70cm place is fixed does, and cultivates trunk and forms tree-like; Top pinching when newly growing to 10cm slightly, branch elongation 10cm pinching again; At the beginning of 6 months every 10 days foliage-spray 0.3% urea and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1 time; Beginning 10 ~ 20 centimeters on the grafting mouth are tightly twined trunk 3 ~ 4 circle colligations 1 ~ 2 road with the wide plastic strip of 2.5cm at the beginning of 7 months, and the nutrition of restriction tree body is transported to root, promotes that bud forms on the branch.
2. a kind of technology that the peach facility cultivation becomes the flower seedlings of cultivating according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: adopting the mixture of the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, sandy soil and cow dung is matrix, the volume ratio of the used peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, sandy soil and cow dung is 4:1:1:1, assist and execute a small amount of bag of control slow-release fertilizer, institute executes N:P in the bag control slow-release fertilizer
2O
5: K
2O=2:1:2, with cloth bag or the control root device root container that is limited, the 60cm place is dried calmly behind 1 year the livings peach product seedling of planting; Top pinching when newly growing to 10cm slightly, branch elongation 10cm pinching again; At the beginning of 6 months every 10 days foliage-spray 0.3% urea and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1 time; At the beginning of 7 months beginning on the grafting mouth 10 centimetres and 20 centimeters each tightly twine trunk 3 ~ 4 circle colligation twice with the wide plastic strip of 2.5cm, the nutrition of restriction tree body is transported to root, bud formation on the promotion branch.
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN103621372A (en) * | 2013-10-27 | 2014-03-12 | 大连东芳果菜专业合作社 | Technical method for fast breeding high-quality bouquet-shaped fruit branches of sweet cherries |
CN103875496A (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2014-06-25 | 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所 | Facility peach production method |
CN105503431A (en) * | 2016-01-09 | 2016-04-20 | 佛山市金蓝领教育科技有限公司 | Cultivation medium capable of keeping growth stability of crocus sativus corms and preparation method of culture medium |
CN107360931A (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2017-11-21 | 上海市农业科学院 | A kind of method that old peach garden is quickly updated to garden |
CN107624659A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-01-26 | 南京原谷生物技术有限公司 | A kind of cow dung in-situ treatment method and its cow dung organic-inorganic mixed-matrix of preparation |
CN109362461A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-02-22 | 上海市农业科学院 | A kind of method that facility internal control root device raises fruit trees |
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Cited By (8)
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CN103621372A (en) * | 2013-10-27 | 2014-03-12 | 大连东芳果菜专业合作社 | Technical method for fast breeding high-quality bouquet-shaped fruit branches of sweet cherries |
CN103621372B (en) * | 2013-10-27 | 2015-09-30 | 大连东芳果菜专业合作社 | Sweet cherry bouquet shape fruit branch breeding method |
CN103875496A (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2014-06-25 | 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所 | Facility peach production method |
CN105503431A (en) * | 2016-01-09 | 2016-04-20 | 佛山市金蓝领教育科技有限公司 | Cultivation medium capable of keeping growth stability of crocus sativus corms and preparation method of culture medium |
CN107360931A (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2017-11-21 | 上海市农业科学院 | A kind of method that old peach garden is quickly updated to garden |
CN107624659A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-01-26 | 南京原谷生物技术有限公司 | A kind of cow dung in-situ treatment method and its cow dung organic-inorganic mixed-matrix of preparation |
CN109362461A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-02-22 | 上海市农业科学院 | A kind of method that facility internal control root device raises fruit trees |
CN109362461B (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2021-08-31 | 上海市农业科学院 | Method for planting fruit trees by root control device in facility |
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