CN110073960B - Dendrobium candidum and dendrobium nobile stone attached mixed planting method and special cultivation room thereof - Google Patents
Dendrobium candidum and dendrobium nobile stone attached mixed planting method and special cultivation room thereof Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
- E03B3/02—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from rain-water
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/10—Collecting-tanks; Equalising-tanks for regulating the run-off; Laying-up basins
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/108—Rainwater harvesting
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a dendrobium candidum and dendrobium nobile stone attached mixed planting method and a special planting room thereof, comprising a planting room outer frame and a ground, wherein water tanks are arranged on the ground surfaces on two sides of the planting room outer frame, water reservoirs are arranged on the ground on one side of the water tanks, which is far away from the planting room outer frame, second metal filter screens are arranged on the upper surfaces of the water reservoirs, circular clamping blocks are welded at the bottom ends of the second metal filter screens, circular clamping grooves matched with the circular clamping blocks are arranged on the ground surfaces on the outer sides of the water reservoirs, and water tank openings matched with the water tanks are arranged on the circular clamping grooves and the circular clamping blocks. The dendrobium nobile cultivation method imitates the improvement of a wild growth environment in which the dendrobium nobile is attached, is planted in a greenhouse, can timely remove redundant water in stone seams to keep ventilation and air permeability, effectively prevents root rot and insect attack during the growth of the dendrobium nobile, can realize the dendrobium nobile with high medicinal value, and can greatly improve the survival rate of the dendrobium nobile.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural cultivation, in particular to a dendrobium candidum and dendrobium nobile stone epiphytic mixed cultivation method and a special cultivation room thereof.
Background
Dendrobium officinale (Dendrobium officinale) is a plant of the genus Dendrobium (Dendrobium) of the family Orchidaceae, is widely distributed in the southwest part of Anhui, the eastern part of Zhejian, the western Fujian, the northwest part of Guangxi, sichuan, the southeast part of Yunnan and the like of China, is grown on rocks of the mountain area with the altitude reaching 1600 m and is a precious or endangered medicinal material for secondary protection of China, is one of the most precious Chinese medicinal materials of China, and has the name of gold in medicine.
Dendrobium nobile (Dendrobium nobile Lindl) is perennial herb, the stem clusters, the upper part is slightly flat and slightly curved and rises, the height is 10-60 cm, and the thickness is 1.4 cm. The plant is favored to grow in warm, humid and semi-yin and semi-yang environments. Dendrobium nobile is very strict to the natural growth environment, has high requirements on the atmosphere, the soil and the water quality, is afraid of being cold, loves high temperature and high humidity, and has very strict requirements on warm and humid climates.
At present, the dendrobium candidum is mainly cultivated in a greenhouse, the cultivation cost is high, the shed is required to be built, the growth environment condition of the dendrobium candidum is required to be strictly controlled in the planting process, the growth period of the dendrobium candidum is shortened, the stems are thick and large, large-scale plant diseases and insect pests are easy to occur, the pesticide is excessively used, and most of the dendrobium candidum cultivated manually does not reach the medicinal value of the wild dendrobium candidum. In recent years, people continuously explore the influence of a cultivation mode on the growth and the product quality of dendrobium candidum, the problem becomes a focus, the survival rate of artificial planting of the dendrobium candidum is very low at present, ventilation and excessive humidity are caused after greenhouse planting, water drainage is not smooth, rotten roots are frequently generated, the survival rate is low, the growth amount, the yield and the medicinal value are always not as good as those of wild dendrobium candidum, and therefore, development of a wild-like cultivation method capable of effectively improving the survival rate of dendrobium candidum and dendrobium nobile is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a dendrobium candidum and dendrobium nobile stone co-growing and co-planting method and a special cultivation room thereof, which imitates the wild growth environment of the dendrobium candidum and the stone co-growing, is planted in a greenhouse, can timely remove redundant water in stone seams to keep ventilation and air permeability, effectively prevent the phenomena of root rot and insect attack in the growth of the dendrobium candidum, not only can realize the dendrobium candidum with high medical value, but also can greatly improve the survival rate of the dendrobium candidum.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a dendrobium candidum and dendrobium nobile stone attach to grow and plant special cultivation room, includes cultivation room frame and ground, the surface fixed mounting on ground has cultivation room frame, the inside intermediate position department of cultivation room frame is provided with the passageway, and the inside all open top fretwork cultivation frame that all is fixed with of cultivation room frame of passageway both sides, open top fretwork cultivation frame middle building into the cuboid planting wall that comprises irregular stone, and all cover mixed cultivation material in the surface and the gap of stone, all plant dendrobium candidum and dendrobium nobile body in cuboid planting wall surface and the gap that comprise irregular stone, all weld on the inner wall of the left and right sides of open top fretwork cultivation frame has first metal filter screen, and the inside all of open top fretwork cultivation frame in the first metal filter screen outside has seted up the cavity, the inner chamber bottom of cavity below is inside all to be seted up the inner chamber, and the inside fixed block of inner chamber bottom of inner chamber inside all welding, the inner chamber inside all is linked together with the cavity, the both sides of inner chamber all have the opening, the surface of cultivation frame both sides all has the surface of irregular stone has planted dendrobium candles and dendrobium candidum main part, all has been seted up circular filter cartridge and the second round filter cartridge on the surface and the surface of the circular basin that all is mutually supported on the surface, and the circular filter cartridge is all set up, the circular filter cartridge and the round bottom all has.
Preferably, the cuboid planting wall composed of irregular stones is built in the middle of the open-top hollow planting frame, the cuboid planting wall is a cuboid wall surface with the height of 1-2m and the thickness of 0.3-0.5m, stone gaps and surfaces are filled with planting materials, and the thickness of the planting materials is 2-3cm.
Preferably, the tops of the fixing blocks on two sides of the passageway are higher than the tops of the fixing blocks on two sides of the outdoor frame of the cultivation room.
Preferably, the top end of the end part of the fixing block is flush with the top end of the end part on one side of the opening, and the bottom end of the end part on the other side of the opening is flush with the top end of the water tank.
Preferably, the upper surfaces of the second metal filter screens are provided with preformed holes.
Preferably, the width of the water tank opening is larger than the width of the water tank.
The invention also discloses a dendrobium candidum and dendrobium nobile stone attached mixed planting method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Cultivation room construction
According to the dendrobium candidum and dendrobium nobile stone attached mixed cultivation special cultivation room, the planting wall is built by building irregular stones indoors, mixed cultivation materials are covered on the surfaces and gaps of the stones, and dendrobium candidum and dendrobium nobile bodies are planted on the surfaces and gaps of the planting wall which are formed by the irregular stones.
(2) Preparing mixed cultivation material
Mixing 65-75% of mixed wood dust, 15-20% of coconut shells and 8-10% of organic fertilizer according to the weight ratio, stacking for 25-30 days, and carrying out natural fermentation and sterilization treatment for later use.
(3) Seedling transplanting
The dendrobium seedling transplanting and planting method comprises the steps of firstly watering mixed aqueous solution of carbendazim and rooting powder on the root of dendrobium seedling in 3-4 months of spring, wherein the mixing ratio is 1:1 (V/V), the dilution factors of the two are 800-1000 times of liquid, dendrobium seedlings are planted on the surface and the gap of stones in a separated mode, the mixed planting ratio of dendrobium candidum to dendrobium nobile is 1-5:1, and the roots are completely covered by the cultivation material. The cultivation material can ensure that the dendrobium grows with enough nutrients, and the dendrobium seedlings are sprayed with water and moisturized within one week of transplanting until the dendrobium seedlings survive;
(4) Fertilizing
Spraying 2 per mill of compound fertilizer every week at the initial stage of dendrobium sprout, and then topdressing the dendrobium every three months.
(5) Daily management
The plants are watered once a day in the vigorous growth period, the watering is stopped in rainy season, the plants are naturally grown, the watering is less in the dormant period in winter, and weeds are removed regularly.
Preferably, the mixed planting ratio of the dendrobium candidum to the dendrobium nobile is 3:1.
Preferably, the dendrobium nobile sprout is sprayed with a compound fertilizer (high nitrogen compound fertilizer, N: P: K is 30:10:10) once per week at the initial stage, and then additional fertilizer (balanced compound fertilizer, N: P: K is 14:12:14) is carried out on the dendrobium nobile every three months for 5 months.
As can be seen from the above description of the present invention, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. this cultivation room that dendrobe was planted in mixture has water seepage prevention structure, be provided with open top fretwork cultivation frame and first metal filter screen, through adopting box formula structure, place stone and mixed cultivation material in open top fretwork cultivation frame inside, water through watering then ooze will be in the inside within range of open top fretwork cultivation frame, then get into the cavity inside through first metal filter screen, then get into on the fixed block of inner chamber inside, under the slope effect of fixed block, make the infiltration flow out through the opening, then get into the basin inside, finally flow into the cistern that sets up in the subaerial cistern along the water channel and collect and store, the biggest benefit just is that it can be used for the mixed cultivation of dendrobii officmalis caulis and dendrobium nobile, two kinds of mode of imitative wild rock wall gap planting have been realized, greenhouse control can in time condition environmental condition, the excessive high humidity of greenhouse cultivation, the dendrobe rotten root phenomenon of dendrobe avoided to cultivation matrix ventilation leads to, further reduce the plant diseases and insect pests emergence. Meanwhile, the water seepage can be timely prevented from falling onto the corridor, so that the corridor is moist and inconvenient for cultivation staff to walk, the soles are wet and dirty, the corridor is kept dry and clean, and the practicability of the device is improved; the device can collect seepage water, can collect rainwater, avoid waste of water resources, can be recycled, and realizes energy conservation and environmental protection.
2. The improvement of the invention which imitates the wild growth environment of the dendrobium nobile rock wall attachment is carried out, the dendrobium nobile rock wall attachment is planted in a greenhouse, redundant water in stone seams can be removed in time to keep ventilation and air permeability, the phenomena of root rot and insect attack in the dendrobium nobile growth are effectively prevented, and by contrast test, we surprisingly find that when the dendrobium nobile is mixed-planted with the dendrobium nobile, and the mixed-planting proportion is 3:1, the dendrobium nobile rock wall attachment is very beneficial to the dendrobium nobile root system growth, not only can realize the dendrobium nobile with high medical value, but also can greatly improve the survival rate of the dendrobium nobile. By selecting the mixed cultivation varieties, the dendrobium candidum obtained after mixed cultivation can keep the characteristics of wild growth and good genetic stability and prevent species degradation; after planting, a large amount of manual intervention is not needed, so that labor and labor cost are greatly reduced; the planting technology is easy to master, has low investment and low cost, and is favorable for large-area popularization and application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic elevational cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure A in FIG. 1 according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a right side cross-section of a partial structure of a sink, a reservoir, a second metal screen, a circular fixture, a ground, a circular fixture, and a sink opening of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic top view in section of a partial structure of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a cultivation room outer frame; 2. an aisle; 3. open-top hollow cultivation frame; 4. a stone; 5. mixing cultivation materials; 6. a dendrobe body; 7. a first metal screen; 8. a cavity; 9. an inner cavity; 10. a fixed block; 11. an opening; 12. a water tank; 13. a reservoir; 14. a second metal screen; 15. a circular clamping block; 16. ground surface; 17. a circular clamping groove; 18. a water tank opening; 19. and (5) reserving holes.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The utility model provides a dendrobium candidum and dendrobium nobile stone attach to grow and plant special cultivation room, including cultivation room frame 1 and ground 16, the fixed surface mounting on ground 16 has cultivation room frame 1, the inside intermediate position department of cultivation room frame 1 is provided with passageway 2, and the inside all fixed with of cultivation room frame 1 of passageway 2 both sides open top fretwork cultivation frame 3, open top fretwork cultivation frame 3 inside middle is built into the cuboid planting wall that comprises irregular stone 4, and all cover mixed cultivation material 5 in stone's surface and the gap, all plant in the cuboid planting wall surface and the gap that comprises irregular stone have dendrobe main part 6, open top fretwork cultivation frame 3's left and right sides inner wall is all welded with first metal filter screen 7, and the inside all seting up cavity 8 of open top fretwork cultivation frame 3 outside of first metal filter screen 7, cavity 8 below cultivation room frame 1 bottom inside has all been setted up cavity 9, and the inside bottom of cavity 9 inside all welds fixed block 10, the fixed block 10 top of both sides of passageway 2 are higher than the fixed block 10 top that is close to cultivation room frame 1 both sides, make fixed block 10 be the fixed block 10 and take the shape of slope and flow into the cavity 10, the cavity 10 that the slope is in the cavity 10 that the inside of cavity 9 is all connected, the cavity 10 is all the cavity 9 is opened in the inside of cavity 10, the cavity 10 top that the cavity is opened in the cavity is opened to the side, and the cavity is opened in the cavity 11. The middle of the open-top hollow cultivation frame is built into a cuboid planting wall composed of irregular stones, the cuboid planting wall is a cuboid wall surface with the height of 1.5m and the thickness of 0.4m, the stone gaps and the surfaces are filled with cultivation materials, the cultivation materials are covered, and the thickness is 2.5cm.
The water tank 12 is arranged on the surface of the ground 16 on two sides of the cultivation room outer frame 1, the water tank 12 is far away from the water storage tank 13 on the ground 16 on one side of the cultivation room outer frame 1, the top end of the end part of the fixing block 10 is flush with the top end of the end part on one side of the opening 11, the bottom end of the end part on the other side of the opening 11 is flush with the top end of the water tank 12, so that water seepage can well enter the inner cavity 9 through the cavity 8 inside the open-top hollowed cultivation frame 3, then flows onto the water tank 12 through the opening 11, finally flows into the water tank 13 along the water tank 12, water seepage collection is realized, the upper surface of the second metal filter screen 14 is provided with the reserved holes 19, the water tank 13 is drawn out through the inner cavity 9, the water storage tank 14 is not required to be opened when the water tank 13 is drawn out, and when the cover plate matched with the reserved holes 19 in size outside is not used, the cover plate is only required to be taken out, the cover plate is simply and conveniently opened, the whole second metal filter screen 14 is not required to be opened, the whole water tank opening 13 is exposed, the dirt can be drawn out, then can be used, the upper surface of the water tank 13 is provided with the second metal filter screen 14, the water tank 14 is well matched with the round bottom end of the water tank 17, the round filter screen 17 is well matched with the round water tank 17, the round bottom opening 17 is well with the round water tank 17, the round surface 17 is matched with the round water tank 17, and the round water tank 17 is well with the round surface 17, and the round water tank 17 is matched with the round water tank 17, and the round water tank 17.
Working principle: when the novel dendrobium candidum water storage device is used, water after irrigation can be sprayed onto the dendrobium candidum main body 6 and then permeate into the stone 4 and the mixed cultivation material 5, because the air permeability and the water filtering performance of the stone 4 and the mixed cultivation material 5 are good, part of water after irrigation can permeate out, the water enters the cavity 8 after being filtered by the first metal filter screen 7, then enters the cavity 9 under the action of gravity, then the water permeate entering the cavity 8 can enter the cavity 9 under the action of gravity, then the water permeate entering the cavity 9 can flow into the water tank 12 through the opening 11 under the slope of the fixed block 10, and because the opening 11 has a certain slope, an acceleration is provided for the water permeate flowing out of the opening 11, the water permeate entering the water tank 12 can flow into the water storage 13 along the water tank 12, and external rainwater can also enter the water storage 13 through the water tank 12 or directly fall into the water storage 13 after being filtered by the second metal filter screen 14, so that the water storage process is realized, and the operation is simple and convenient.
Experiment design: comparison test of dendrobium candidum and dendrobium nobile cultivation alone and by utilizing stone attached growth mixed cultivation
The experimental land is located in the natural distribution area of dendrobium nobile in the Qingzhou city of Zhejiang province, the experimental land is located in the coastal plains of the Qingqing city of Zhejiang province, the Qing Bay of Dongjingle is adjacent to Taizhou, the Oujiang and the Qingzhou city of Taizhou are expected, and the geographic coordinates are 28 DEG 07 DEG North latitude and 120 DEG east longitude 57'. The climate is mild, belongs to subtropical marine monsoon climate, is distinct all the year round, and is mild and moist.
The dendrobium candidum and the dendrobium nobile are planted in the greenhouse of the embodiment 1 by using 1-year-old seedlings, simulating a growth mode of a rock wall of the wild dendrobium candidum, and covering mixed cultivation materials on the surface and gaps of a cuboid planting wall built by irregular stones. The temperature is controlled at 20-30 ℃, the humidity is controlled at 50-70%, different mixed planting proportions of the dendrobium candidum and the dendrobium nobile are respectively designed, and a control group of the dendrobium candidum and the dendrobium nobile is singly planted, and the growth indexes of the 2-year seedlings under different mixed planting proportions and after being singly planted are measured in the next year.
The stem length and the stem thickness of the biennial seedlings are respectively measured by a ruler and a digital vernier caliper, then the stem node number, the number of blades, the length of the blades and the width of the blades of the biennial seedlings are measured, 10 plants are 1 test group, and the average value is obtained by repeating 3 times. Each measurement index was repeatedly measured 3 times, and the average value was obtained.
100g of fresh stem strips are cleaned, deactivated, dried in a 65 ℃ oven, ground, crushed and sieved by a 0.2mm aperture sieve for measuring various indexes. Each measurement index was repeatedly measured 3 times, and the average value was obtained. And (3) measuring the content of dendrobe polysaccharide: soluble sugar, reducing sugar, total sugar content determination methods are described in GB/T5009.7. Amino acid content determination: total threonine, methionine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, valine, lysine, leucine and amino acids were determined as described in GB/T5009.126.
Experimental example 1
A dendrobium candidum and dendrobium nobile stone attached mixed planting method comprises the following steps:
(1) Cultivation room construction the cultivation room was constructed as in example 1.
(2) Preparing mixed cultivation materials, fully and uniformly mixing 70% of mixed wood dust, 20% of coconut shells and 10% of organic fertilizer according to the weight ratio, stacking for 30 days, and carrying out natural fermentation and sterilization treatment for later use.
(3) Seedling transplanting, namely transplanting dendrobium seedlings, wherein the dendrobium seedlings are planted in 3 months in spring, and mixed aqueous solution of carbendazim and rooting powder is firstly poured on the root of each dendrobium seedling, wherein the mixing ratio is 1:1 (V/V), the dilution times of the two are 1000 times of liquid, dendrobium seedlings are planted on the surface and the gap of stones in a separated mode, the mixed planting ratio of the dendrobium candidum to the dendrobium nobile is 1:1, and the dendrobium candidum and the dendrobium nobile are covered by the cultivation materials. The cultivation material can ensure that the dendrobium grows with enough nutrients, and the dendrobium seedlings are sprayed with water and moisturized within one week of transplanting until the dendrobium seedlings survive;
(4) Applying fertilizer, spraying 2 per mill of compound fertilizer (high nitrogen compound fertilizer, N: P: K is 30:10:10) once a week at the initial stage of dendrobium stem sprout, and applying additional fertilizer (balanced compound fertilizer, N: P: K is 14:12:14) to dendrobium stem every three months after 5 months.
(5) Daily management, wherein plants are watered once a day in a vigorous growth period, the watering is stopped in a rainy season, the plants naturally grow, the watering is less in a dormant period in winter, and weeds are removed periodically.
Experimental example 2
The mixed planting method is the same as that of experimental example 1, and the mixed planting ratio of the dendrobium candidum to the dendrobium nobile is changed to 2:1 only in the step 3.
Experimental example 3
The mixed planting method is the same as that of experimental example 1, and the mixed planting ratio of the dendrobium candidum to the dendrobium nobile is changed to 3:1 only in the step 3.
Experimental example 4
The mixed planting method is the same as that of experimental example 1, and the mixed planting ratio of the dendrobium candidum to the dendrobium nobile is changed to 4:1 only in the step 3.
Experimental example 5
The mixed planting method is the same as that of experimental example 1, and the mixed planting ratio of the dendrobium candidum to the dendrobium nobile is changed to 5:1 only in the step 3.
Comparative example 1
The mixed cultivation method is the same as in experimental example 1, and only the mixed cultivation proportion of the dendrobium candidum and the dendrobium nobile in the step 3 is replaced by the dendrobium candidum which is cultivated independently.
Comparative example 2
The mixed planting method is the same as that of experimental example 1, and only the mixed planting proportion of the dendrobium candidum and the dendrobium nobile in the step 3 is replaced by the dendrobium nobile to be singly cultivated.
Comparative example 3
The mixed planting method is the same as that of experiment example 1, the mixed planting ratio of the dendrobium candidum to the dendrobium nobile is changed to 3:1, the cultivation device only adopts the substrate pot in the greenhouse, but the substrate formula is referred to in experiment example 1 instead of the stone gap cultivation in the cultivation room in the embodiment 1 of the invention.
Test results:
the dendrobium nobile is various in variety, the dendrobium nobile suitable for growing in Zhejiang is also various, the growing environment obviously influences the growth of the dendrobium candidum, and by exploring and comparing, only the dendrobium nobile is discovered to be mixed-planted with the dendrobium nobile, and the growing quality of the dendrobium candidum can be obviously improved. Table 1 shows that the dendrobium candidum has better growth effect than the dendrobium candidum planted alone after being mixed with the dendrobium candidum (experimental examples 1-5), wherein experimental example 3 shows that the mixed planting ratio of the dendrobium candidum and the dendrobium candidum is 3:1, the stem length, the stem thickness, the stem node number, the leaf length and the leaf width of the dendrobium candidum are all obviously improved compared with the mixed planting modes of other proportions, and the growth effect is good when the dendrobium candidum is singly planted. Table 2 shows that the growth of dendrobium nobile is also improved after the dendrobium nobile is mixed cultivated with the dendrobium nobile, wherein when the mixing proportion of the dendrobium nobile and the dendrobium nobile is 3:1, the growth of each index of the dendrobium nobile is also obviously improved. By observing that the dendrobium stem planted in the mixed planting mode is thick and strong in stem and developed in root, meanwhile, the dendrobium candidum planted in the mixed planting mode and the dendrobium nobile are more developed in root system than the dendrobium nobile planted alone, the divergence is strong, the root system growth situation after the dendrobium candidum and the dendrobium nobile are mixed planted in the mixed planting mode is good, the dendrobium candidum and the dendrobium nobile planted in the mixed planting mode in the comparative examples 1 and 2 are not developed after the dendrobium candidum and the dendrobium nobile are mixed planted in the mixed planting mode, and further the effect of the mixed planting mode on the root system growth is good. In addition, as shown in comparative example 3, the growth condition of dendrobium candidum and dendrobium nobile planted by using the common greenhouse medium is not good in the growth effect of stone imitation wild planting in the cultivation room of the invention in experimental example 3, which indicates that the cultivation room with the drainage function and good ventilation is more suitable for the mixed planting mode growth of dendrobium candidum and dendrobium nobile.
TABLE 1 influence of Dendrobium officinale and Dendrobium nobile on growth conditions after Mixed cultivation
TABLE 2 influence of Dendrobium officinale and Dendrobium nobile on growth conditions after Mixed cultivation
The medicinal components of dendrobium candidum mainly comprise dendrobium polysaccharide, and belong to water-soluble sugar. Tables 3 and 4 show that after the dendrobium candidum and the dendrobium nobile are mixed, the accumulation of polysaccharide content is better than that of polysaccharide which is cultivated independently, wherein the mixed cultivation proportion is optimal or the group of experimental example 3, and the mixed cultivation proportion of the dendrobium candidum and the dendrobium nobile is 3:1, the accumulation of the soluble sugar and the reducing sugar of the dendrobium candidum and the dendrobium nobile is highest. The method shows that the nutrient content of the mixed planting dendrobium candidum and dendrobium nobile is higher.
TABLE 3 influence of Dendrobium officinale and Dendrobium nobile on polysaccharide content after Mixed cultivation (%)
TABLE 4 influence of Dendrobium officinale and Dendrobium nobile on Dendrobium nobile polysaccharide content after Mixed cultivation (%)
Tables 5 and 6 show that after the dendrobium candidum and the dendrobium nobile are mixed and planted, root systems are mutually climbed on stones to form a small community, so that the growth and the development of the dendrobium candidum and the accumulation of nutrient substances are changed, wherein the accumulation of amino acids is better than that of amino acids which are independently planted, and the mixed planting proportion directly influences the growth conditions of the dendrobium candidum and the dendrobium nobile, so that the formation and the accumulation of the amino acids are influenced. Tables 5 and 6 show that the present measurement shows that 7 essential amino acids for human body, the highest amino acid accumulation is in experimental example 3, and the mixed planting ratio is 3:1, the planting mode effect is optimal.
TABLE 5 influence of Dendrobium officinale and Dendrobium nobile on amino acid content after Mixed cultivation (%)
TABLE 6 influence of Dendrobium officinale and Dendrobium nobile on amino acid content after Mixed cultivation (%)
The present invention is described in further detail by the above examples, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited thereto.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a dendrobium candidum and dendrobium nobile stone attached cultivation room, includes cultivation room frame (1) and ground (16), its characterized in that: the surface of the ground (16) is fixedly provided with a cultivation chamber outer frame (1), a passageway (2) is arranged at the middle position of the inside of the cultivation chamber outer frame (1), an open-top hollow cultivation frame (3) is fixed inside the cultivation chamber outer frame (1) at the two sides of the passageway (2), a cuboid planting wall consisting of irregular stones (4) is built inside the open-top hollow cultivation frame (3), mixed cultivation materials (5) are covered on the surface and gaps of the stones (4), a dendrobium main body (6) is planted in the surface and gaps of the cuboid planting wall consisting of the irregularities, first metal filter screens (7) are welded on the inner walls of the left side and the right side of the open-top hollow cultivation frame (3), cavities (8) are formed inside the open-top hollow cultivation frame (3) at the outer side of the first metal filter screens (7), inner cavities (9) are formed inside the bottom of the cultivation chamber outer frame (1) below the cavities (8), fixing blocks (10) are welded at the bottom ends inside the inner cavities (9), the inner cavities (9) are formed inside the cavities (9) above the fixing blocks (10), the inner cavities (9) are formed on the two sides of the water tank (12) and are communicated with the surfaces (12), the water tank (12) is far away from the ground (16) on one side of the cultivation room outer frame (1), the water tank (13) is provided with a water storage tank (13), the upper surface of the water tank (13) is provided with a second metal filter screen (14), the bottom end of the second metal filter screen (14) is welded with a circular clamping block (15), the surface of the ground (16) on the outer side of the water tank (13) is provided with a circular clamping groove (17) matched with the circular clamping block (15), and the circular clamping groove (17) and the circular clamping block (15) are provided with water tank openings (18) matched with the water tank (12);
the middle of the open-top hollow cultivation frame (3) is built into a cuboid planting wall composed of irregular stones, the cuboid planting wall is 1-2m high and 0.3-0.5m thick, mixed cultivation materials are filled into stone gaps and surfaces, and the thickness of the mixed cultivation materials (5) is 2-3cm;
the tops of the fixing blocks (10) at the two sides of the passageway (2) are higher than the tops of the fixing blocks (10) close to the two sides of the outer frame (1) of the cultivation room; the top end of the end part of the fixed block (10) is level with the top end of the end part of one side of the opening (11), and the bottom end of the end part of the other side of the opening (11) is level with the top end of the water tank (12);
the upper surfaces of the second metal filter screens (14) are provided with preformed holes (19); the width of the water tank opening (18) is larger than the width of the water tank (12).
2. A method for mixedly planting dendrobium candidum and dendrobium nobile under a cultivation room as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) Building a cultivation room, wherein the cultivation room is built according to the method of claim 1; (2) Preparing mixed cultivation materials, fully and uniformly mixing 70% of mixed wood dust, 20% of coconut shells and 10% of organic fertilizer according to the weight ratio, stacking for 30 days, and carrying out natural fermentation and sterilization treatment for later use; (3) Transplanting seedlings, namely transplanting the dendrobium seedlings, namely selecting 3 months in spring, sprinkling a mixed aqueous solution of carbendazim and rooting powder on the root of the dendrobium seedlings, planting the dendrobium seedlings on the surface of stones and in gaps in a mixed planting proportion of 3:1, covering the dendrobium seedlings with mixed cultivation materials, ensuring that the dendrobium grows to have enough nutrients, and sprinkling water for moisturizing the dendrobium seedlings within one week until the dendrobium seedlings survive; (4) Fertilizing, wherein the N, P and K of 2 per mill are sprayed once a week at the initial stage of dendrobium nobile buds, and the N, P and K are 30:10:10, then carrying out additional fertilization on the dendrobium every three months, wherein the additional fertilization is carried out by adopting a method that the N:P:K is 14:12:14, a balanced compound fertilizer; (5) Daily management, wherein plants are watered once a day in a vigorous growth period, the watering is stopped in a rainy season, the plants naturally grow, the watering is less in a dormant period in winter, and weeds are removed periodically.
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