CN108575655B - Cultivation method of dwarfed sweetgum bonsai - Google Patents

Cultivation method of dwarfed sweetgum bonsai Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108575655B
CN108575655B CN201810478504.2A CN201810478504A CN108575655B CN 108575655 B CN108575655 B CN 108575655B CN 201810478504 A CN201810478504 A CN 201810478504A CN 108575655 B CN108575655 B CN 108575655B
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soil
layer
paving
bonsai
sweetgum
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CN108575655A (en
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夏体渊
陈泽斌
张彩仙
靳松
唐佐芯
陈艳芳
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Kunming University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/60Flowers; Ornamental plants
    • A01G22/67Dwarf trees, e.g. bonsai
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/28Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/30Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds

Abstract

The invention provides a cultivation method of dwarfed sweetgum bonsai, which comprises the following steps: (1) selecting seedlings; (2) preparing bonsai cultivation soil: the method comprises the following steps of (1) arranging a through hole at the bottom of a selected pot container, paving a layer of soft goose stone at the bottom of the pot container, paving a layer of river sand on the soft goose stone, paving a layer of decomposed bean cake on the river sand, paving a layer of mixed soil containing paddy field soil, straw biomass carbon, fermented and decomposed mushroom residue organic fertilizer, chlormequat/attapulgite mixture and 0.2% of ferrous sulfate solution on the decomposed bean cake, and paving a layer of humus soil on the mixed soil; (3) potting treatment; (4) dwarfing, shaping and trimming: when the branch grows to be more than 10 cm, spraying 1400-2000 mg/kg of paclobutrazol; (5) and (5) managing fertilizer and water. The sweetgum bonsai cultivated by the cultivation method is well-arranged, has good appearance, high ornamental value and high survival rate.

Description

Cultivation method of dwarfed sweetgum bonsai
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of planting of garden trees, in particular to a cultivation method of a dwarfed sweetgum bonsai.
Background
The height of the liquidambar formosana hance and deciduous trees is as high as 30 meters, the maximum diameter at breast height can reach 1 meter, and the bark is grayish brown. They prefer warm and humid climates, prefer light sex, and are drought-resistant and barren. The provinces in Qinling mountain and Huaihe provinces in China, also in northern Vietnam, Laos and south Korea. The young trees are fond of warm and humid climate, are fond of light, are slightly resistant to yin, are resistant to drought and barren soil and are not resistant to waterlogging. It is mostly in the flat ground, around villages, and secondary forest of low mountains. Good growth on moist, fertile and deep red yellow loam. Deep root, thick and long main root, strong wind resistance, and intolerance to transplantation and pruning. The seeds have the habit of sprouting every year, are not cold-resistant, cannot live through the winter in the open field in the north of the yellow river, and are not tolerant to salt, alkali and drought. The sea-south island often forms dominant species of secondary forests, and has strong fire resistance and germination.
The cultivation of dwarfed sweetgum bonsai is gradually favored by people because the sweetgum is not suitable for garden appreciation due to the unique appreciation value of the sweetgum, and other sweetgum bonsai varieties such as maples, red maples and the like are used as bonsais for appreciation at present, but the sweetgum bonsai is difficult to control due to the low survival rate and the difficulty of people. Therefore, a new cultivation solution is needed to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cultivation method of dwarfed sweetgum bonsai, which has the advantages of clear layers, good dislocation, beautiful tree appearance, good ornamental value and high survival rate of the sweetgum bonsai.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a cultivation method of dwarfing sweetgum bonsai comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting seedlings: selecting healthy and disease-free liquidambar formosana seedlings, wherein the height of the seedlings is 25-45 cm;
(2) preparing bonsai cultivation soil: the method comprises the following steps of (1) arranging a through hole at the bottom of a selected pot container, paving a layer of soft goose stone at the bottom of the pot container, paving a layer of river sand on the soft goose stone, paving a layer of decomposed bean cake on the river sand, paving a layer of mixed soil containing paddy field soil, straw biomass carbon, fermented and decomposed mushroom residue organic fertilizer, chlormequat/attapulgite mixture and 0.2% of ferrous sulfate solution on the decomposed bean cake, and paving a layer of humus soil on the mixed soil;
(3) potting treatment: planting the liquidambar formosana seedlings in bonsai planting soil for 2-3 months, pruning branches and roots of the transplanted seedlings once before planting, and watering until a humus soil layer is wet after planting;
(4) dwarfing, shaping and trimming: timely pruning branch buds which are not required on the appearance, thinning old branches and dead stems at any time, and keeping the short bottom posture; when the branch grows to be more than 10 cm, spraying 1400-2000 mg/kg of paclobutrazol;
(5) and (3) fertilizer and water management:
watering: in the growing season, watering is carried out frequently; when the weather is hot, water is sprayed to the ground to keep the air moist; entering a dormant climate, watering a little, and keeping the pot soil moist;
fertilizing: and when the leaves of the liquidambar formosana are unfolded in spring, applying the thin organic liquid fertilizer once in 8-9 months, and not applying the fertilizer in the dormant period in winter.
Preferably, in the step (2), the soft goose stones, the river sand, the decomposed bean cakes, the mixed soil and the humus soil are all disinfected before use.
Preferably, in the step (2), the pot container is a marble pot or a marble pot.
Preferably, in the step (2), the thickness ratio of the goose soft stone layer, the river sand layer, the bean cake layer, the mixed soil layer and the humus layer is 1: 0.5-1: 0.2-0.5: 3-8: 0.3 to 1.
Preferably, in the step (2), the method for preparing the chlormequat chloride/attapulgite mixture comprises the following steps: dissolving 1 part of chlormequat chloride in 100 parts of water, spraying the chlormequat chloride in 800-1200 parts of concave-convex soil, uniformly stirring and drying to obtain the chlormequat chloride.
Preferably, in the step (2), the mass ratio of the paddy field soil, the straw biomass carbon, the fermented and decomposed mushroom residue organic fertilizer, the chlormequat/attapulgite mixture and the 0.2% ferrous sulfate solution is 1: 0.1-0.3: 0.1-0.3: 0.05-0.15: 0.005-0.01.
Preferably, in the step (4), 1600 mg/kg of paclobutrazol is selected for spraying when the branch branches grow more than 10 cm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the cultivation method of the dwarfing sweetgum bonsai, the goose rubberlith layer and the river sand layer are paved at the bottom of the pot container at one time, the air permeability of soil can be kept, the decomposed bean cake layer on the river sand layer can provide continuous nutrition supply for the sweetgum, all the substances in the mixed soil are reasonably matched, the nutrient substances are balanced, the pH value of the soil is proper, the cultivation method is suitable for the growth of the sweetgum, the survival rate of the sweetgum is remarkably improved, and meanwhile, the chlormequat/concave-convex soil-holding mixture slowly releases chlormequat in the growth process of the sweetgum, the growth of the sweetgum can be inhibited, the flourishing growth of branches and leaves can be inhibited, and the shape of the sweet. And proper dwarfing, shaping, trimming and fertilizer and water management are carried out at the later stage, so that the appearance of the liquidambar formosana tree can be effectively controlled, and the liquidambar formosana bonsai is well layered, has good dislocation and beautiful tree appearance and has good ornamental value.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
a cultivation method of dwarfing sweetgum bonsai comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting seedlings: selecting healthy and disease-free liquidambar formosana seedlings, wherein the height of the seedlings is 25-30 cm;
(2) preparing bonsai cultivation soil: the method comprises the following steps of (1) paving a layer of soft goose stone at the bottom of a basin container, paving a layer of river sand on the soft goose stone, paving a layer of decomposed bean cake on the river sand, paving a layer of mixed soil containing paddy field soil, straw biomass carbon, fermented and decomposed mushroom residue organic fertilizer, chlormequat/concavo-convex soil-holding mixture and 0.2% of ferrous sulfate solution on the decomposed bean cake, and paving a layer of humus soil on the mixed soil, wherein the basin container is a white marble basin, the bottom of the basin container is provided with a through hole;
wherein, the thickness ratio of goose soft stone layer, river sand layer, bean cake layer, mixed soil layer, humus soil layer is 1: 0.5: 0.3: 3: 0.3; the weight ratio of paddy field soil, straw biomass carbon, fermented and decomposed mushroom residue organic fertilizer, chlormequat chloride/attapulgite soil mixture and 0.2% ferrous sulfate solution is 1: 0.2: 0.2: 0.1: 0.01.
the preparation method of the chlormequat chloride/concavo-convex soil mixture comprises the following steps: dissolving 1 part of chlormequat chloride in 100 parts of water, spraying the chlormequat chloride to 1000 parts of concave-convex soil, uniformly stirring and drying to obtain the chlormequat chloride.
(3) Potting treatment: planting the seedlings of the sweetgum in the bonsai cultivation soil for 3 months, pruning branches and roots of the transplanted seedlings once before planting, and watering until a humus soil layer is wet after planting;
(4) dwarfing, shaping and trimming: timely pruning branch buds which are not required on the appearance, thinning old branches and dead stems at any time, and keeping the short bottom posture; when the branch grows to be more than 10 cm, 1600 mg/kg of paclobutrazol is selected for spraying;
(5) and (3) fertilizer and water management:
watering: in the growing season, watering is carried out frequently; when the weather is hot, water is sprayed to the ground to keep the air moist; entering a dormant climate, watering a little, and keeping the pot soil moist;
fertilizing: when the leaf of the sweetgum is spread in spring, the decomposed and thin organic liquid fertilizer is applied once in 9 months, and the fertilizer is not applied in the dormant period in winter.
Example 2:
a cultivation method of dwarfing sweetgum bonsai comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting seedlings: selecting healthy and disease-free liquidambar formosana seedlings, wherein the height of the seedlings is 30-35 cm;
(2) preparing bonsai cultivation soil: the method comprises the following steps of (1) paving a layer of goose soft stone at the bottom of a pot container, paving a layer of river sand on the goose soft stone, paving a layer of decomposed bean cake on the river sand, paving a layer of mixed soil containing paddy field soil, straw biomass carbon, fermented and decomposed mushroom residue organic fertilizer, cycocel/attapulgite soil mixture and 0.2% of ferrous sulfate solution on the decomposed bean cake, and paving a layer of humus soil on the mixed soil, wherein the pot container is selected to be a marble pot, the bottom of the marble pot is provided with a through hole;
wherein, the thickness ratio of goose soft stone layer, river sand layer, bean cake layer, mixed soil layer, humus soil layer is 1: 1: 0.2: 8: 0.8; the weight ratio of paddy field soil, straw biomass carbon, fermented and decomposed mushroom residue organic fertilizer, chlormequat chloride/attapulgite soil mixture and 0.2% ferrous sulfate solution is 1: 0.1: 0.3: 0.15: 0.005.
the preparation method of the chlormequat chloride/concavo-convex soil mixture comprises the following steps: dissolving 1 part of chlormequat chloride in 100 parts of water, spraying the chlormequat chloride to 800 parts of concave-convex soil, uniformly stirring and drying to obtain the chlormequat chloride.
(3) Potting treatment: planting the seedlings of the sweetgum in the bonsai cultivation soil for 2 months, pruning branches and roots of the transplanted seedlings once before planting, and watering until a humus soil layer is wet after planting;
(4) dwarfing, shaping and trimming: timely pruning branch buds which are not required on the appearance, thinning old branches and dead stems at any time, and keeping the short bottom posture; when the branch grows to be more than 10 cm, 1400 mg/kg of paclobutrazol is selected for spraying;
watering: in the growing season, watering is carried out frequently; when the weather is hot, water is sprayed to the ground to keep the air moist; entering a dormant climate, watering a little, and keeping the pot soil moist;
fertilizing: when the leaf of the sweetgum is spread in spring, the decomposed and thin organic liquid fertilizer is applied once in 8 months, and the fertilizer is not applied in the dormant period in winter.
Example 3:
a cultivation method of dwarfing sweetgum bonsai comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting seedlings: selecting healthy and disease-free liquidambar formosana seedlings, wherein the height of the seedlings is 40-45 cm;
(2) preparing bonsai cultivation soil: the method comprises the following steps of (1) paving a layer of soft goose stone at the bottom of a basin container, paving a layer of river sand on the soft goose stone, paving a layer of decomposed bean cake on the river sand, paving a layer of mixed soil containing paddy field soil, straw biomass carbon, fermented and decomposed mushroom residue organic fertilizer, chlormequat/concavo-convex soil-holding mixture and 0.2% of ferrous sulfate solution on the decomposed bean cake, and paving a layer of humus soil on the mixed soil, wherein the basin container is a white marble basin, the bottom of the basin container is provided with a through hole;
wherein, the thickness ratio of goose soft stone layer, river sand layer, bean cake layer, mixed soil layer, humus soil layer is 1: 0.8: 0.5: 6: 1; the weight ratio of paddy field soil, straw biomass carbon, fermented and decomposed mushroom residue organic fertilizer, chlormequat chloride/attapulgite soil mixture and 0.2% ferrous sulfate solution is 1: 0.3: 0.1: 0.05: 0.008.
the preparation method of the chlormequat chloride/concavo-convex soil mixture comprises the following steps: dissolving 1 part of chlormequat chloride in 100 parts of water, spraying the chlormequat chloride to 1200 parts of concave-convex soil, uniformly stirring and drying to obtain the chlormequat chloride.
(3) Potting treatment: planting the seedlings of the sweetgum in the bonsai cultivation soil for 2 months, pruning branches and roots of the transplanted seedlings once before planting, and watering until a humus soil layer is wet after planting;
(4) dwarfing, shaping and trimming: timely pruning branch buds which are not required on the appearance, thinning old branches and dead stems at any time, and keeping the short bottom posture; when the branch grows to be more than 10 cm, spraying paclobutrazol of 2000 mg/kg;
watering: in the growing season, watering is carried out frequently; when the weather is hot, water is sprayed to the ground to keep the air moist; entering a dormant climate, watering a little, and keeping the pot soil moist;
fertilizing: when the leaf of the sweetgum is spread in spring, the decomposed and thin organic liquid fertilizer is applied once in 9 months, and the fertilizer is not applied in the dormant period in winter.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A cultivation method of dwarfing sweetgum bonsai is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting seedlings: selecting healthy and disease-free liquidambar formosana seedlings, wherein the height of the seedlings is 25-45 cm;
(2) preparing bonsai cultivation soil: the method comprises the following steps of (1) arranging a through hole at the bottom of a selected pot container, paving a layer of soft goose stone at the bottom of the pot container, paving a layer of river sand on the soft goose stone, paving a layer of decomposed bean cake on the river sand, paving a layer of mixed soil containing paddy field soil, straw biomass carbon, fermented and decomposed mushroom residue organic fertilizer, chlormequat/attapulgite mixture and 0.2% of ferrous sulfate solution on the decomposed bean cake, and paving a layer of humus soil on the mixed soil;
wherein, the thickness ratio of goose soft stone layer, river sand layer, bean cake layer, mixed soil layer, humus soil layer is 1: 0.5-1: 0.2-0.5: 3-8: 0.3 to 1;
the weight ratio of paddy field soil, straw biomass carbon, fermented and decomposed mushroom residue organic fertilizer, chlormequat chloride/attapulgite soil mixture and 0.2% ferrous sulfate solution is 1: 0.1-0.3: 0.1-0.3: 0.05-0.15: 0.005 to 0.01;
the preparation method of the chlormequat chloride/concavo-convex soil mixture comprises the following steps: dissolving 1 part of chlormequat chloride in 100 parts of water, spraying the chlormequat chloride to 800-1200 parts of concave-convex soil, uniformly stirring and drying to obtain the chlormequat chloride-containing material;
(3) potting treatment: planting the liquidambar formosana seedlings in bonsai planting soil for 2-3 months, pruning branches and roots of the transplanted seedlings once before planting, and watering until a humus soil layer is wet after planting;
(4) dwarfing, shaping and trimming: timely pruning branch buds which are not required on the appearance, thinning old branches and dead stems at any time, and keeping the short bottom posture; when the branch grows to be more than 10 cm, spraying 1400-2000 mg/kg of paclobutrazol;
(5) and (3) fertilizer and water management:
watering: in the growing season, watering is carried out frequently; when the weather is hot, water is sprayed to the ground to keep the air moist; entering a dormant climate, watering a little, and keeping the pot soil moist;
fertilizing: and when the leaves of the liquidambar formosana are unfolded in spring, applying the thin organic liquid fertilizer once in 8-9 months, and not applying the fertilizer in the dormant period in winter.
2. The cultivation method of dwarfing sweetgum bonsai according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the soft goose stones, the river sand, the decomposed bean cakes, the mixed soil and the humus are all disinfected before use.
3. The cultivation method of dwarfing sweetgum bonsai according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the pot container is a marble pot or a marble pot.
4. The cultivation method of dwarfed sweetgum bonsai according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), when branch branches grow more than 10 cm, 1600 mg/kg of paclobutrazol is selected for spraying.
CN201810478504.2A 2018-05-18 2018-05-18 Cultivation method of dwarfed sweetgum bonsai Expired - Fee Related CN108575655B (en)

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CN108887131A (en) * 2018-07-17 2018-11-27 湖北金土源林药种业有限公司 A kind of penjing plant breeding method for watching and eating
CN114303780B (en) * 2022-01-11 2023-04-11 郑英达 Red maple planting method adopting container for seedling raising

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CN105830799A (en) * 2016-04-20 2016-08-10 句容市满园春家庭农场 Cultivation soil for trident maple bonsai and preparation method of cultivation soil
CN105850445A (en) * 2016-04-20 2016-08-17 句容市满园春家庭农场 Method for cultivating acer buergerianum potted landscape
CN105850581A (en) * 2016-04-20 2016-08-17 句容市满园春家庭农场 Sweetgum bonsai cultivation soil and manufacturing method thereof
CN105917883A (en) * 2016-04-20 2016-09-07 句容市满园春家庭农场 Cultivation method for dwarfed sweetgum bonsai

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104126385A (en) * 2014-07-14 2014-11-05 安徽美心生态园林有限公司 Acer buergerianum bonsai cultivation method
CN105830799A (en) * 2016-04-20 2016-08-10 句容市满园春家庭农场 Cultivation soil for trident maple bonsai and preparation method of cultivation soil
CN105850445A (en) * 2016-04-20 2016-08-17 句容市满园春家庭农场 Method for cultivating acer buergerianum potted landscape
CN105850581A (en) * 2016-04-20 2016-08-17 句容市满园春家庭农场 Sweetgum bonsai cultivation soil and manufacturing method thereof
CN105917883A (en) * 2016-04-20 2016-09-07 句容市满园春家庭农场 Cultivation method for dwarfed sweetgum bonsai

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