CN103392580A - Original ecological stone-stacking cultivation method for dendrobium stem - Google Patents
Original ecological stone-stacking cultivation method for dendrobium stem Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- Y02P60/216—
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Abstract
An original ecological stone-stacking cultivation method for dendrobium stem comprises the following steps of: stacking stones, preparing before cultivating, performing stone-stacking cultivation, performing field management and harvesting. The method is convenient for production operation and management; grasses easily grow and are difficultly removed in a flat-ground stone-blocking cultivation method, while the difficult problem of a threat of weeds to dendrobium is radically solved by the stone-stacking cultivation method; the land space and the sunlight are fully utilized, the single yield is increased by about 4 times, the single yield is 614.2kg during the conventional cultivation rich phase, and the single yield is 1534kg during the stone-stacking cultivation rich phase.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultivation method of HERBA DENDROBII, especially relate to a kind of HERBA DENDROBII ecosystem and build the stone cultivation method.
Background technology
HERBA DENDROBII is the orchid family herbaceos perennial, in China, has 60 kinds, and what energy was medicinal has 6 kinds, wherein with HERBA DENDROBII, contains alkaloid the highest.Study according to Huaxi Medical Univ, in listing the stem of noble dendrobium of pharmacopeia in, effects such as only having HERBA DENDROBII just to have the five internal organs of curing mainly weakness, reinforcing yin essence benefit essence, take that thick stomach, sedate are prolonged life except shying, making light of one's life by commiting suicide for a long time, strong positive kidney tonifying, beneficial power strengthen the bone, modern chemistry and pharmacological research show: its contained dendrobium polysaccharide has higher anticancer and strengthen the active substance of immunologic function.
The breeding that HERBA DENDROBII is traditional, cultivation have long history, but area under cultivation is all very little.Particularly, in today of scarcity of resources, want to obtain abundant seedling by traditional propagation method, carrying out large-area cultivation is the more difficult thing of part., along with the day of HERBA DENDROBII tissue culture technique is more ripe, a large amount of test tube seedlings can be provided in short-term, but how allow the test-tube plantlet Fast Growth be again a new problem.
Chinese patent CN2011102818317 discloses name and has been called: a kind of cultivation method of HERBA DENDROBII, and its technical scheme is as follows:
A, seed selection: select group to train out good, the anosis worm of growing way, well developed root system, the many stem of noble dendrobium seedling of rudiment of hardening;
B, making bacterium rod: get 20 kilograms of magnificent peach wood chips, 30 kilograms of common anneslea bark or leaf wood chips, 20 kilograms of corncobs, 20 kilograms of cotton seed hulls, 20 kilograms, wheat bran, 2 kilograms, gypsum, heap fermentation 20 days, adopt disk automatic press sack filling machine, the polyethylene from high pressure process bag cylinder of 15 centimetres of folding lengths, 60 centimetres, thick 0.05 millimeter of length, bacterium rod standard is 45 centimetres of stock column length, bacterium rod weight 2.25kg, carry out normal-pressure sterilization, cooling after finishing;
C, plantation: the cave plantation is played every 15 20 centimetres in bacterium rod both sides;
D, water management: high-temperature drying must duty be watered season, accomplishes each 1 time sooner or later, does not overcast and rainyly water, and should suitably control and water March in October to next year, is down to 40% when bacterium rod moisture and must waters when following;
E, fertile management: fertilization time, since April 1 to finishing by the end of September, was executed 1 time every 10 days, selected composite fertilizer's 5 weight portions, was watered 100 weight portions and watered and execute;
F, illumination management: growing period use stem of noble dendrobium post-directed training lamp in addition illumination control;
G, pest management: growing period is as black spot, sooty mould, rot occur, with 1000 times of liquid of 75% topsin or 12 controls of 500 times of liquid sprayings of 50% carbendazim; The luxuriant and rich with fragrance armored scale of the stem of noble dendrobium occurs, with the poisoning of l000 times of liquid spray blade back of 10% a red-spotted lizard prestige;
H, gather: gather 1 time with 2 years, carry out at the beginning of 3 months of every year, life in 2 years is cut without the stem bar of leaf and dry stem, shine dry-storage or bright bar and use.
The method survival rate is low, output is few.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is mainly in order to solve the problem that the HERBA DENDROBII survival rate is low, output is few, thereby provides a kind of HERBA DENDROBII ecosystem to build the stone cultivation method.
A kind of HERBA DENDROBII ecosystem is built the stone cultivation method, and its step is as follows:
One, build stone
Stone is built into clitter, be upper cone cylinder body shape, shape is as " steamed bread of corn ", upper top diameter 40 ㎝, diameter 140 ㎝ that go to the bottom, line-spacing 60-70 ㎝, spacing 40cm, pile high 100cm, with about 0.2cm piece stone, build the heap surface, cover in the middle of requiring completely build tight, crack of stone is full with small pieces stone card;
Stone is selected the red rosy clouds aubergine sandstone rock in Chishui and common stone, stone in site recovery;
Two, the preparation before the cultivation
Place is selected: build the stone cultivation and be typically chosen between the rock of deserted mountain in empty soil;
According to its habit of growth, dendrobe cultivation ground should select the environment of half cloudy half light, and air humidity is more than 80%, winter temperature is in area more than 0 ℃, artificial controllable environment also can, stone ground should, at cool place, humid region, should have moss growth and surface that a small amount of humus is arranged on stone;
Build the clitter slaking:, by manually watering the clear water excrement to the improvement of newly-built base clitter, promote the hot factors of liquid manure gas constantly to coordinate, advance fast growth liver moss, make it to be conducive to stem of noble dendrobium growth and create conditions;
The preparation of nutrient matrix: with cow dung or pig manure, liver moss, sawdust mixed culture fermentation infusion;
Three, build the stone cultivation
Mainly employing group of propagation method training seedling method: growing dendrobium generally carries out in spring, because of spring high humidity, rainfall gradually large, plantation easily survives;
Select stalwartness, without the dendrobe tissue culture of damage by disease and insect, tame seedling, take to paste stone and plant, on the clitter of having built, press the spacing in the rows field planting of 20-30 centimetre, with the matrix for preparing, in kind of a root and stem of certain plants place, fill in stone cave or stone cistern, make every effort to firmly not make to come off get final product, can fill in finger stone and fix;
Four, field management
Water: the stem of noble dendrobium too small moisturizing of will often watering of later stage air humidity of planting, water with the form of spraying with sprayer;
Topdress: the stem of noble dendrobium is barren vegetatively should be noted topdressing, and for the first time before and after clear and bright, take nitrogenous fertilizer, mixes pig cow dung and river silt as main, adds river silt to mix well paste at root with peanut drum, colza cake, superphosphate before and after the Beginning of Winter for the second time, but still top dressing in addition;
Cover or crown density: stem of noble dendrobium crown density vegetatively, 60%, therefore will often be carried out branch-finishing and pruning to the tree that grows nonparasitically upon another plant, so as not to too cover or crown density inadequate;
Training: when to send out new before annual spring whole, in conjunction with the old stem of gathering, the withered stem in clump wiped out, and removed prevent or cure a disease stem, weak stem and patient's root, plant 6-8 backsight clump root and stem of certain plants growing state and turn over root and stem of certain plants propagation by division again;
The extermination of disease and insect pest:
Stem of noble dendrobium black spot: the blade of causing harm makes blade withered, and the 3-5 month occurs, and prevents and treats method: the carbendazim l000 with 50% times of liquid is sprayed l-2 time;
Stem of noble dendrobium anthracnose: cause harm blade and stem branch, brown or black scab appear in the blade of being injured, l-5 is monthly generation, prevents and treats method: with 50% carbendazim l000 times liquid or 1000 times of liquid sprayings of 50% thiophanate methyl 2-3 time;
The luxuriant and rich with fragrance armored scale of the stem of noble dendrobium: parasitize plant leaf edge or the back side, suck juice, late May, for hatching the Sheng phase, is prevented and treated method: killing or concentrate with 1000 times of liquid sprayings of 40% dimethoate emulsion has concentrated the burning of the old branch of shield shell;
Five, gather
HERBA DENDROBII after high yield period, is gathered winter usually, definite way of the stem of gathering, and in annual winter, above stem, the blade of life in 2 years starts flavescence, and part starts fallen leaves, and sign is ripe, generally gathers after November; Collecting method is old plant to be cut and cuts off from basal part of stem with scissors or specific purpose tool, stays tender plant, allows its continued growth, strengthens management, and adopt the coming year again, and plantation in so-called a year, be benefited and just be this for many years.
Adopt the beneficial effect of technique scheme to be:
Production operation, management are convenient in the present invention; Level land card stone is cultivated the difficulty that easily grows grass and is removed, and builds the stone cultivation and has fundamentally solved the threat difficult problem of weeds to the stem of noble dendrobium; Take full advantage of soil space and sunshine, improve approximately 4 times of single rates, conventional cultivation abounds with phase 614.2kg, builds the stone cultivation and abounds with phase per unit area yield 1534kg.
Embodiment
A kind of HERBA DENDROBII ecosystem is built the stone cultivation method, and its step is as follows:
One, build stone
Stone is built into clitter, be upper cone cylinder body shape, shape is as " steamed bread of corn ", upper top diameter 40 ㎝, diameter 140 ㎝ that go to the bottom, line-spacing 60-70 ㎝, spacing 40cm, pile high 100cm, with about 0.2cm piece stone, build the heap surface, cover in the middle of requiring completely build tight, crack of stone is full with small pieces stone card;
Stone is selected the red rosy clouds aubergine sandstone rock in Chishui and common stone, stone in site recovery;
Two, the preparation before the cultivation
Place is selected: build the stone cultivation and be typically chosen between the rock of deserted mountain in empty soil;
According to its habit of growth, dendrobe cultivation ground should select the environment of half cloudy half light, and air humidity is more than 80%, winter temperature is in area more than 0 ℃, artificial controllable environment also can, stone ground should, at cool place, humid region, should have moss growth and surface that a small amount of humus is arranged on stone;
Build the clitter slaking:, by manually watering the clear water excrement to the improvement of newly-built base clitter, promote the hot factors of liquid manure gas constantly to coordinate, advance fast growth liver moss, make it to be conducive to stem of noble dendrobium growth and create conditions;
The preparation of nutrient matrix: with cow dung or pig manure, liver moss, sawdust mixed culture fermentation infusion;
Three, build the stone cultivation
Mainly employing group of propagation method training seedling method: growing dendrobium generally carries out in spring, because of spring high humidity, rainfall gradually large, plantation easily survives;
Select stalwartness, without the dendrobe tissue culture of damage by disease and insect, tame seedling, take to paste stone and plant, on the clitter of having built, press the spacing in the rows field planting of 20-30 centimetre, with the matrix for preparing, in kind of a root and stem of certain plants place, fill in stone cave or stone cistern, make every effort to firmly not make to come off get final product, can fill in finger stone and fix;
Four, field management
Water: the stem of noble dendrobium too small moisturizing of will often watering of later stage air humidity of planting, water with the form of spraying with sprayer;
Topdress: the stem of noble dendrobium is barren vegetatively should be noted topdressing, and for the first time before and after clear and bright, take nitrogenous fertilizer, mixes pig cow dung and river silt as main, adds river silt to mix well paste at root with peanut drum, colza cake, superphosphate before and after the Beginning of Winter for the second time, but still top dressing in addition;
Cover or crown density: stem of noble dendrobium crown density vegetatively, 60%, therefore will often be carried out branch-finishing and pruning to the tree that grows nonparasitically upon another plant, so as not to too cover or crown density inadequate;
Training: when to send out new before annual spring whole, in conjunction with the old stem of gathering, the withered stem in clump wiped out, and removed prevent or cure a disease stem, weak stem and patient's root, plant 6-8 backsight clump root and stem of certain plants growing state and turn over root and stem of certain plants propagation by division again;
The extermination of disease and insect pest:
Stem of noble dendrobium black spot: the blade of causing harm makes blade withered, and the 3-5 month occurs, and prevents and treats method: the carbendazim l000 with 50% times of liquid is sprayed l-2 time;
Stem of noble dendrobium anthracnose: cause harm blade and stem branch, brown or black scab appear in the blade of being injured, l-5 is monthly generation, prevents and treats method: with 50% carbendazim l000 times liquid or 1000 times of liquid sprayings of 50% thiophanate methyl 2-3 time;
The luxuriant and rich with fragrance armored scale of the stem of noble dendrobium: parasitize plant leaf edge or the back side, suck juice, late May, for hatching the Sheng phase, is prevented and treated method: killing or concentrate with 1000 times of liquid sprayings of 40% dimethoate emulsion has concentrated the burning of the old branch of shield shell;
Five, gather
HERBA DENDROBII after high yield period, is gathered winter usually, definite way of the stem of gathering, and in annual winter, above stem, the blade of life in 2 years starts flavescence, and part starts fallen leaves, and sign is ripe, generally gathers after November; Collecting method is old plant to be cut and cuts off from basal part of stem with scissors or specific purpose tool, stays tender plant, allows its continued growth, strengthens management, and adopt the coming year again, and plantation in so-called a year, be benefited and just be this for many years.
The present invention builds stone planting density and growth indexes
Build stone density: 200 heap/mus, spacing 60cm;
50 clumps of every clitter field planting (nest);
Every mu of 10000 clumps of field planting (nest);
Planting survival rates: 94%;
After-culture rate: 6%;
First term: 3 years;
Abound with the phase: 10 years;
Decline phase: 12 years;
Per unit area yield: 374kg.
Claims (1)
1. a HERBA DENDROBII ecosystem is built the stone cultivation method, it is characterized in that, the method step is as follows:
One, build stone
Stone is built into clitter, is upper cone cylinder body shape, upper top diameter 40 ㎝, diameter 140 ㎝ that go to the bottom, line-spacing 60-70 ㎝, spacing 40cm, pile high 100cm, with about 0.2cm piece stone, builds the heap surface, cover in the middle of requiring completely build tight, crack of stone is full with small pieces stone card;
Stone is selected the red rosy clouds aubergine sandstone rock in Chishui and common stone, stone in site recovery;
Two, the preparation before the cultivation
Place is selected: build the stone cultivation and be typically chosen between the rock of deserted mountain in empty soil;
According to its habit of growth, dendrobe cultivation ground should select the environment of half cloudy half light, and air humidity is more than 80%, winter temperature is in area more than 0 ℃, artificial controllable environment also can, stone ground should, at cool place, humid region, should have moss growth and surface that a small amount of humus is arranged on stone;
Build the clitter slaking:, by manually watering the clear water excrement to the improvement of newly-built base clitter, promote the hot factors of liquid manure gas constantly to coordinate, advance fast growth liver moss, make it to be conducive to stem of noble dendrobium growth and create conditions;
The preparation of nutrient matrix: with cow dung or pig manure, liver moss, sawdust mixed culture fermentation infusion;
Three, build the stone cultivation
Mainly employing group of propagation method training seedling method: growing dendrobium generally carries out in spring, because of spring high humidity, rainfall gradually large, plantation easily survives;
Select stalwartness, without the dendrobe tissue culture of damage by disease and insect, tame seedling, take to paste stone and plant, on the clitter of having built, press the spacing in the rows field planting of 20-30 centimetre, with the matrix for preparing, in kind of a root and stem of certain plants place, fill in stone cave or stone cistern, make every effort to firmly not make to come off get final product, can fill in finger stone and fix;
Four, field management
Water: the stem of noble dendrobium too small moisturizing of will often watering of later stage air humidity of planting, water with the form of spraying with sprayer;
Topdress: the stem of noble dendrobium is barren vegetatively should be noted topdressing, and for the first time before and after clear and bright, take nitrogenous fertilizer, mixes pig cow dung and river silt as main, adds river silt to mix well paste at root with peanut drum, colza cake, superphosphate before and after the Beginning of Winter for the second time, but still top dressing in addition;
Cover or crown density: stem of noble dendrobium crown density vegetatively, 60%, therefore will often be carried out branch-finishing and pruning to the tree that grows nonparasitically upon another plant, so as not to too cover or crown density inadequate;
Training: when to send out new before annual spring whole, in conjunction with the old stem of gathering, the withered stem in clump wiped out, and removed prevent or cure a disease stem, weak stem and patient's root, plant 6-8 backsight clump root and stem of certain plants growing state and turn over root and stem of certain plants propagation by division again;
The extermination of disease and insect pest:
Stem of noble dendrobium black spot: the blade of causing harm makes blade withered, and the 3-5 month occurs, and prevents and treats method: the carbendazim l000 with 50% times of liquid is sprayed l-2 time;
Stem of noble dendrobium anthracnose: cause harm blade and stem branch, brown or black scab appear in the blade of being injured, l-5 is monthly generation, prevents and treats method: with 50% carbendazim l000 times liquid or 1000 times of liquid sprayings of 50% thiophanate methyl 2-3 time;
The luxuriant and rich with fragrance armored scale of the stem of noble dendrobium: parasitize plant leaf edge or the back side, suck juice, late May, for hatching the Sheng phase, is prevented and treated method: killing or concentrate with 1000 times of liquid sprayings of 40% dimethoate emulsion has concentrated the burning of the old branch of shield shell;
Five, gather
HERBA DENDROBII after high yield period, is gathered winter usually, definite way of the stem of gathering, and in annual winter, above stem, the blade of life in 2 years starts flavescence, and part starts fallen leaves, and sign is ripe, generally gathers after November; Collecting method is old plant to be cut and cuts off from basal part of stem with scissors or specific purpose tool, stays tender plant, allows its continued growth, strengthens management, and adopt the coming year again, and plantation in so-called a year, be benefited for many years.
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Cited By (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN103891577A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-07-02 | 贵州省赤水市金钗石斛产业开发有限公司 | Grape overshadowing complementation cultivation method for dendrobium nobile stone cultivation |
CN104012271A (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-09-03 | 彭贵湖 | Method for planting dendrobe |
CN104628445A (en) * | 2015-02-14 | 2015-05-20 | 赤水市信天中药产业开发有限公司 | Special fertilizer and foliage fertilizer for dendrobium nobile and planting method of dendrobium nobile |
CN105165584A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2015-12-23 | 河池乐康生态农业科技有限公司 | Imitation wild cultivation method of dendrobium candidum |
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CN107711322A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-02-23 | 三明市农业科学研究院 | A kind of method for improving "Danxia" landform precipice dendrobium candidum bionic cultivation survival rate |
CN107711465A (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2018-02-23 | 蒋钦辉 | A kind of method for growing dendrobium |
CN108770607A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-11-09 | 安龙县西城秀树农林有限责任公司 | A kind of wild planting process of the stem of noble dendrobium |
CN108782203A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-11-13 | 湖南省南岳树木园 | A method of imitating the wild plantation stem of noble dendrobium |
CN110073960A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-08-02 | 浙江聚优品生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of dendrobium candidum and HERBA DENDROBII stone are grown nonparasitically upon another plant companion planting method and its dedicated cultivating chamber |
CN110169350A (en) * | 2019-07-06 | 2019-08-27 | 福建省连城冠江铁皮石斛有限公司 | The method that ecology returns rock wall cultivation of dendrobium officinale |
CN115413571A (en) * | 2020-03-14 | 2022-12-02 | 刘光纯 | Planting method of Chinese sprangletop herb |
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CN107711322A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-02-23 | 三明市农业科学研究院 | A kind of method for improving "Danxia" landform precipice dendrobium candidum bionic cultivation survival rate |
CN107711465A (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2018-02-23 | 蒋钦辉 | A kind of method for growing dendrobium |
CN108770607A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-11-09 | 安龙县西城秀树农林有限责任公司 | A kind of wild planting process of the stem of noble dendrobium |
CN108782203A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-11-13 | 湖南省南岳树木园 | A method of imitating the wild plantation stem of noble dendrobium |
CN110073960A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-08-02 | 浙江聚优品生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of dendrobium candidum and HERBA DENDROBII stone are grown nonparasitically upon another plant companion planting method and its dedicated cultivating chamber |
CN110073960B (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2024-03-22 | 浙江聚优品生物科技股份有限公司 | Dendrobium candidum and dendrobium nobile stone attached mixed planting method and special cultivation room thereof |
CN110169350A (en) * | 2019-07-06 | 2019-08-27 | 福建省连城冠江铁皮石斛有限公司 | The method that ecology returns rock wall cultivation of dendrobium officinale |
CN115413571A (en) * | 2020-03-14 | 2022-12-02 | 刘光纯 | Planting method of Chinese sprangletop herb |
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