CN106105681A - Silvery white maple cuttage breeding method - Google Patents
Silvery white maple cuttage breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106105681A CN106105681A CN201610501269.7A CN201610501269A CN106105681A CN 106105681 A CN106105681 A CN 106105681A CN 201610501269 A CN201610501269 A CN 201610501269A CN 106105681 A CN106105681 A CN 106105681A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0299—Handling or transporting of soil blocks or seedlings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/10—Aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acids, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/36—Rutaceae [Rue family], e.g. lime, orange, lemon, corktree or pricklyash
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Abstract
Silvery white maple cuttage breeding method, belongs to technical field of plant propagation.Comprise the following steps: 1) choose suitable breeding spot foundation silvery white maple female parent cutting orchard；2) substrate is installed with 72 hole dishes；3) suitable cutting time is early September, cuttage in 1 year 1 time；4) cuttage branch uses and urges root agent to impregnate；5) 72 hole dishes are used to carry out cuttage；6) after cuttage 60 days, the fringe bar root of hair of about 45% can start seedling exercising.Above-mentioned silvery white maple cuttage breeding method, adapts to the weather soil environment of China, takes root all right, and yield rate is up to 95%, and simple to operate, reproduction speed is fast；The method strong adaptability, can be used for commercial scale metaplasia and produces, and favorable repeatability, for domestic reported first, fills up the blank of domestic correlative technology field.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of plant propagation, be specially silvery white maple cuttage breeding method.
Background technology
Silvery white maple Acer saccharinum, Aceraceae, Acer, broad leaved and deciduous broad leaved arbor, high 15-25m, reach as high as 35m,
Hat width 11-15m, the widest up to 21m, tree-like advantage, to carry out, tree crown is avette to circular, bark silver gray, coarse is cleaved into thin slice.
Branch is the most sagging, is thick with leaves；Dan Ye, to life, leaf is avette roomy, long 9-18cm, and palmate 5 is split, palmate vein, and tool comes into leaves
Handle；Leaf light green or green, blade back silvery white, its name " silvery white maple " is come therefrom, gradually becomes orange red to yellow leaf in late autumn,
After become red and lemon yellow, the most beautiful.Small-sized panicle, brightly yellowish green, early spring at florescence.Myriopteron extensum (Wight) K. Schum, really the phase 4-6 month, plant
Son has the wing, in pairs, and diameter 5-10mm.Silvery white maple growth is rapid, for the one that growing way in maple is the fastest；Strong stress resistance；It is the most cold-resistant,
-15 DEG C of low temperature can be tolerated；In water requirement the most more, the moistening soil of happiness, the most water-fast wet, including moist riverbank, lakeside, viscous
Soils etc., are even difficult in the soil survived all energy well-growns, avoid long-term hydrops most of seeds；Impoverishment tolerant, adapts to
Various soil；Drought-enduring；Substantial light shine part shelter from heat or light lower all can normal growth；Under winter low temperature or frost, branch chance wind is easily broken.
Silvery white maple is the most beautiful large-scale to view and admire tree, can make shade tree, shade tree, it is possible to plant in park, or soil depletion
View is made in slightly arid and the wet more serious area of water.Silvery white maple originates in Eastern North America, and 2007 by Zhejiang gloomy standing grain kind industry share
Company limited introduces from Japan, through safety, regionality, compatibility test, and uses different plant to urge root agent, difference dense
Degree, different substrates formula and the test of cottage method, it is thus achieved that success.Subject range: Shaanxi, Henan, Hebei, Shandong, Anhui, river
Soviet Union, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan.Silvery white maple is the most beautiful large-scale to view and admire tree, can make front yard shady
View is made in slightly arid and the wet more serious area of water of tree, shade tree, it is possible to plant in park, or soil depletion, is excellent
Large-scale color leaf ornamental tree species.From the beginning of 20 century 70s, researcher is just to silver Acer saccharum Marsh. (Acer saccharinum, i.e. silver
White maple) introducing and planting and adaptability study.Silver Acer saccharum Marsh. is planted experimentally by Wang Yunyan etc. (1981), but not to skill
Art is described in detail itself.Hereafter, its ecological habit, assortment and adaptability are studied by many researcheres, but adopt
The technology such as the foundation of fringe garden and commercial seedling making but there is no relevant report.
Summary of the invention
For the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, it is an object of the invention to design provides the maple cuttage of a kind of silvery white numerous
The technical scheme of culturing method, comprises and sets up cutting orchard, and it is simple to operate, reproduction speed is fast, and yield rate is up to 95%.
Described silvery white maple cuttage breeding method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1) choosing suitable breeding spot and set up silvery white maple female parent cutting orchard, it is 40cm × 40cm that cutting orchard transplants seeding row spacing, density
For 2500-2800 plant/acre；
2) install substrate with 72 hole dishes, keep substrate elasticity consistent, first 24 hours of cuttage with 700-900 times of potassium permanganate
Solution is to substrate disinfection, and described substrate contains the following material of volume ratio: peat 30-40%, Vermiculitum 5-10%, fine sand 5-
10%, Maifanitum 20-30%, straw 8-15%, plant ash 10-15%, and by every cubic metre of cutting medium adds Bulbus Lycoridis Radiatae bulb powder
Mince 350-450g, and ginkgo leaf powder minces 200-300g；
3) suitable cutting time is early September, cuttage in 1 year 1 time, plants maternal branch then cut fringe from silvery white maple, and clip selects
At the intersection of the spring tip then with autumn growth last year, it is cut into the cuttage branch of a length of 4-5cm, retains 2 lateral buds, 2 opposite leaves
Sheet, and respectively cut off half, base portion flat nick；
4) cuttage branch uses and urges root agent 900-1100ppm dipping fringe bar base portion 2-3 second, described in urge root agent be 3-by weight ratio
5:2-4:1-3:0.5-1.5 indolebutyric acid: naphthalene acetic acid: ABT6 root-inducing powder: Folium Ginkgo total flavones extracting solution mixing constitute；
5) using 72 hole dishes to carry out cuttage, 1 fringe bar of every cave cuttage, the cuttage degree of depth is 2-3cm, waters permeable after cuttage immediately,
Spraying the carbendazim of 900-1000 times of liquid after the airing of blade face, move-in-mud robot, in canopy, air humidity reaches more than 95%, at booth
Top sets sunshade net, sets up two road sunshade nets above seedbed, when in plastic sheeting, air themperature is more than 38 DEG C, hides in two roads
Carry out mist cooling below screened postive, water 1 water every 7-10 days；Such as fine day high temperature, from point at 10 in the morning to afternoon 4, every
Spray half an hour 1 time；
6) after cuttage 10 days, starting spray foliage fertilizer for the first time, later every 7-10 days, water and spray 1 time afterwards, foliage fertilizer can be used
Green fragrant 900-1000 times of liquid of Wei sprays, simultaneously with 900-1000 times of liquid Mancozeb spraying diseases prevention；After cuttage 60 days, about 45%
Fringe bar root of hair can start seedling exercising.
Described silvery white maple cuttage breeding method, it is characterised in that in step 1):
The selection soil texture is loose, fertile, cutting orchard is made in subacidity, neutral extremely subalkaline soil, turns over, ditches, makees bed,
Opening zanjon, seedbed bed surface width 120cm around field, bed surface soil block is whole carefully, and middle slightly higher, both sides are slightly lower；Pavement width 40cm, deeply
25cm, low centre, pavement two is slightly higher, forms certain gradient, it is ensured that draining is unimpeded；
Carrying out container seedling transplanting March in early November to next year, transplanting seeding row spacing is 50cm × 50cm, and density is 1700 plants/acre, fixed
Point digs cave, wipes out long side root, keeps the degree of depth consistent with the degree of depth of original plant, be compacted in root with fine earth heap during transplanting,
Irrigating in time and determine root water, bed surface one layer of Caulis et Folium Oryzae of paving, with moisturizing with prevent weed growth；
Seedling-slowing stage waters in time, such as continuous sunny, within the 4th day after transplanting, need to water, water once every 10 days later；In case of even
The continuous rainy day, timely draining；Full exposure is cultivated, and promotes fringe bar lignifying；Within after transplanting 15 days, starting fertilising, the 3-8 month is every half
The moon spreads fertilizer over the fields 1 carbamide or compound fertilizer, each every mu of 20kg, stops executing quick-acting fertilizer after JIUYUE, executes become thoroughly decomposed organic the 11-12 month 1 time
Fertilizer, every mu of 2000kg, buriing of ditching.When spreading fertilizer over the fields carbamide or compound fertilizer, carry out in conjunction with weeding with a hoe, execute in the ranks, with no seedling injury
Wood stem, branch and blade are as the criterion；After adopting fringe, execute 1 quick-acting fertilizer, every mu of 15kg immediately.
Described silvery white maple cuttage breeding method, it is characterised in that step 2) in:
The dry density 0.2-0.35 of described substrate, total porosity 85-90%, macroporsity 25-33%, aperture porosity 57-59%,
Maximum specific retention 5.0-5.4, pH value 5.7-6.0, EC value 0.5-0.6, full nitrogen 1.2-1.4%, full phosphorus 490-500mg/kg, full potassium
6300-6400mg/kg, calcium 2600-2700mg/kg, magnesium 2400-2500mg/kg, copper 5-6mg/kg, zinc 50-55mg/kg, boron
5.0-5.5mg/kg, ferrum 4600-4700mg/kg, manganese 110-120mg/kg, molybdenum 1.6-2.0mg/kg, aluminum 2600-2700mg/kg,
Lead 7-8mg/kg, sodium 3100-3200mg/kg, nickel 15-16mg/kg, sulfur 2400-2500mg/kg.
Described silvery white maple cuttage breeding method, it is characterised in that step 2) in: peat 32-35%, Vermiculitum 6-8%, fine sand
6-8%, Maifanitum 25-28%, straw 10-12%, plant ash 12-13%, and by every cubic metre of cutting medium adds Bulbus Lycoridis Radiatae bulb
Ground product 400g, ginkgo leaf powder minces 250g.
Described silvery white maple cuttage breeding method, it is characterised in that step 2) described in cutting medium use following methods
Preparation:
1) pretreatment: Bulbus Lycoridis Radiatae bulb, Folium Ginkgo are separately dried, are pulverized, prepared Bulbus Lycoridis Radiatae bulb ground product, ginkgo leaf powder mince；
2) the following material of percent by volume is mixed: peat 30-40%, Vermiculitum 5-10%, fine sand 5-10%, Maifanitum 20-30%,
Straw 8-15%, plant ash 10-15%, and by every cubic metre of cutting medium adds Bulbus Lycoridis Radiatae bulb ground product 350-450g, Semen Ginkgo
Leaf ground product 200-300g.
Described silvery white maple cuttage breeding method, it is characterised in that the Folium Ginkgo total flavones extracting solution described in step 4) is adopted
Prepare using the following method:
1) Folium Ginkgo pulverizing is broken into coarse powder, cross 20 mesh sieves；
2) seepage pressure effects: Folium Ginkgo coarse powder is loaded in percolator, after soaking 8 hours with 70% aquiferous ethanol, by 75% aqueous second
Alcohol carries out seepage pressure effects, if raw material weight is 1kg, the consumption of aquiferous ethanol is 8 liters, and flow velocity is 5mL/min, collects percolate；
3) flash concentration: by percolate bath temperature 70 DEG C, vacuum is 0.09 Mpa, and feed liquor flow velocity is 180mL min-1
Under conditions of carry out vacuum film concentration, reclaim ethanol, obtain every mL medicinal liquid and convert into the concentrated solution containing 1.0g raw material；
4) macroporous resin adsorption purification: by the concentrated solution that obtains by macroporous adsorbent resin separation and concentration, successively with water, 10% contain
Water-ethanol, 25% aquiferous ethanol, 35% aquiferous ethanol, 45% aquiferous ethanol, 55% aquiferous ethanol, 70% aquiferous ethanol carry out gradient and wash
De-, finally with 70% acetone eluting, collect each position eluent of 3 times of column volumes respectively, collection merging, 25% aquiferous ethanol, 35%
Aquiferous ethanol, 45% aquiferous ethanol and the eluent at each position of 55% aquiferous ethanol, the eluent that will merge, obtain ginkgo biloba leaf total yellow
Ketone extracting solution.
Described silvery white maple cuttage breeding method, it is characterised in that in step 4): indolebutyric acid: naphthalene acetic acid: ABT6 life
Root powder: the weight ratio of Folium Ginkgo total flavones extracting solution is 4:3:2:1.
Bulbus Lycoridis Radiatae (Lycoris radiata) belongs to Monocotyledonae Bulbus Lycoridis Radiatae (Amaryllidaceae), lycoris plants
Be used as medicinal plants very early to cure the disease and cure the wound, record according to Compendium of Material Medica etc.: Bulbus Lycoridis Radiatae not only have removing toxic substances, eliminate the phlegm, profit
Urine, the multiple efficacies such as emetic, it may also be used for laryngopharynx swelling and pain, carbuncle sore tumefacting virus, scrofula, edema etc..Lycorine is a kind of iloquinoline derivative
Alkaloid, for the derivant of pyridine in pyrroles's a pair of horses going side by side coffee.Research in recent years proves, lycorine have antiinflammatory, antiviral, malaria,
The protection multiple effect such as cardiovascular and inducing apoptosis of tumour cell.About the pharmacological action of medicinal ingredient in lycoris plants with
And the extraction and purification research of galantamine there are reports, but have no about the report for cutting medium.
Bulbus Lycoridis Radiatae bulb ground product in above-mentioned substrate, defending insect and killing is effective, and the raw material source of employing, in nature, belongs to and plants
Physical property insecticide, nontoxic to people, animal, and do not develop immunity to drugs, use safety.
Straw in above-mentioned substrate is pulverized 2-4cm respectively by Semen arachidis hypogaeae bar, bean bar, and adjustment water content 55-70%, C/N compare 30-
32, it is piled into ridge, with covered rearing with plastic film, makes the abundant fermentation maturity of straw, respectively obtain become thoroughly decomposed Semen arachidis hypogaeae bar and the bean bar that becomes thoroughly decomposed, will
Becoming thoroughly decomposed Semen arachidis hypogaeae bar and the ratio of the bean bar 2:1 that becomes thoroughly decomposed is mixed to prepare, have establishing in large scale in China, once, resource is rich for annual results
Rich.
Plant ash in above-mentioned substrate, be plant (draft and xylophyta) burning after ashes, so being all plants
Contained mineral element, nearly all contains in plant ash, and what wherein content was most is potassium element, general containing potassium 6 12%, wherein
90% is above water solublity, exists with carbonate form；Next to that phosphorus, general containing 1.5 3%；Possibly together with calcium, magnesium, silicon, sulfur and
The micronutrient elements such as ferrum, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, molybdenum, it is a kind of wide material sources, with low cost, nutrient is complete, fertilizer efficiency is obvious
Inorganic farm manure.
Maifanitum in above-mentioned substrate, belongs to volcanic rocks, and its main mine material is got angry mountain rock.Maifanitum is considered as
The lava that 5000-7550 ejects at 10000 years front volcanoes is embedded in underground, the high humidity through volcano, hot produced acidic materials with
And pressure produced by diastrophism and formed, Maifanitum originates in scabland.Maifanitum is a kind of natural medicine Ore, contains
There are 18 kinds of trace such as potassium necessary to human body, sodium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus macroelement and zinc, ferrum, selenium, copper, strontium, iodine, fluorine, metasilicic acid
Element.
Containing substantial amounts of flavone compound in Folium Ginkgo, natural flavone compounds, without any chemosynthesis class thing
Matter, it can promote microorganism, plant cellular material operating and accumulation and cell enzyme activity, and then improve the generation of beneficial microbe bacterium
Thank to ability, increase the disease resistance of plant, promote plant growing.Ginkgo leaf powder in above-mentioned substrate minces, and can increase the anti-of plant
Characteristic of disease, promotes plant growing.Urge addition Folium Ginkgo total flavones extracting solution in root agent above-mentioned, the life of cuttage branch can be remarkably promoted
Root speed, and improve its disease resistance.
The cutting medium reasonable raw material proportioning that the present invention uses, has significant facilitation to cuttage shoot growth amount, also
Having the effect of defending insect and killing, can guarantee that again micronutrient element is complete, its simple and convenient processing method, production cost is low.
In the present invention, cutting orchard is set up and management, cutting time, cuttings length, cutting medium form and quality, urge root agent
Concentration and formula is different, yield rate is all had a significant impact by management after cuttage.
Described peat, Vermiculitum, fine sand, Maifanitum, straw, plant ash, Bulbus Lycoridis Radiatae bulb ground product, ginkgo leaf powder mince,
Indolebutyric acid, naphthalene acetic acid, ABT6 root-inducing powder, Folium Ginkgo total flavones extracting solution, green fragrant Wei, Mancozeb all can be from the market
Directly buy.
Above-mentioned silvery white maple cuttage breeding method, adapts to the weather soil environment of China, takes root all right, and yield rate is high
Reaching 95%, simple to operate, reproduction speed is fast；The method strong adaptability, can be used for commercial scale metaplasia and produces, favorable repeatability, for
Domestic reported first, fills up the blank of domestic correlative technology field.
The percentage composition related in present specification unless otherwise indicated, refers both to weight percentage.
Detailed description of the invention
In conjunction with embodiments of the invention, the invention will be further described.
1 cutting orchard
1.1 ground, gardens
The selection soil texture is loose, fertile, cutting orchard is made in subacidity, neutral extremely subalkaline soil, turns over, ditches, makees bed,
Opening zanjon, seedbed bed surface width 120cm around field, bed surface soil block is whole carefully, and middle slightly higher, both sides are slightly lower；Pavement width 40cm, deeply
25cm, low centre, pavement two is slightly higher, forms certain gradient, it is ensured that draining is unimpeded.
1.2 transplant
March in early November to next year transplants.Graphic by seeding row spacing design configurations, transplanting seeding row spacing is 50cm × 50cm, close
Degree is 1700 plants/acre.Fixed point digs cave, wipes out long side root, keeps the degree of depth consistent with the degree of depth of original plant during transplanting, with thin
Mound is compacted in root, irrigates in time and determines root water, and bed surface one layer of Caulis et Folium Oryzae of paving, with moisturizing with prevent weed growth.
1.3 management
Seedling-slowing stage waters in time, such as continuous sunny, within the 4th day after transplanting, need to water, water once every 10 days later；In case of even
The continuous rainy day, timely draining；Full exposure is cultivated, and promotes fringe bar lignifying；Within after transplanting 15 days, starting fertilising, the 3-8 month is every half
The moon spreads fertilizer over the fields 1 carbamide or compound fertilizer, each every mu of 15kg, stops executing quick-acting fertilizer after JIUYUE, executes become thoroughly decomposed organic the 11-12 month 1 time
Fertilizer, every mu of 1500kg, buriing of ditching.When spreading fertilizer over the fields carbamide or compound fertilizer, carry out in conjunction with weeding with a hoe, execute in the ranks, with no seedling injury
Wood stem, branch and blade are as the criterion；After adopting fringe, execute immediately 1 time quick-acting fat, every mu of 20kg.Weeding to accomplish " except early, except little, remove
", substantially without weeds on seedbed；After rain, fine day weeds with a hoe in time, keeps soil from packing together.
2 breed
2.1 cut fringe
Early September carries out cutting fringe, 1 year 1 time, and clip is selected in the spring tip and the intersection of autumn growth last year then, and cuttings length is 4cm,
Retain 2 lateral buds, 2 opposite leaf sheets, and respectively cut off half, base portion flat nick.Ground plants female parent then, cuts fringe height
15cm；Life in 2 years, life in 3 years and 4 years Rhizoma Anemarrhenae originally, cut fringe and retain maternal height respectively 25 cm, 30 cm and 35cm；Life in 5 years and with
Upper plant, no longer as female parent, can cultivate into height of seedling 120cm, and the ground of hat width 60cm plants Seedling, it is possible to take stump to arrange in February
Execute, promote maternal base portion to sprout rejuvenation.
2.2 material
The overhead seedbed of plastic greenhouse is used to carry out cuttage.Described substrate contains the following material of volume ratio: peat 30-40%, Vermiculitum 5-
10%, fine sand 5-10%, Maifanitum 20-30%, straw 8-15%, plant ash 10-15%, and add by every cubic metre of cutting medium
Bulbus Lycoridis Radiatae bulb ground product 350-450g, ginkgo leaf powder minces 200-300g.
2.3 cuttages and management
Using booth overhead seedbed cuttage, seedbed width 168cm, bed surface floor file cloth, at ground cloth area mat substrate, stromal thickness
8cm, with 800 times of liquid disinfectants of potassium permanganate.
Using weight ratio is the indolebutyric acid of 3-5:2-4:1-3:0.5-1.5: naphthalene acetic acid: ABT6 root-inducing powder: Folium Ginkgo
Total flavones extracting solution 500ppm, quickly dipped fringe bar base portion 2 seconds, cuttage seeding row spacing is 5cm × 10cm, cuttage degree of depth 2cm；Stand after cuttage
I.e. water permeable, after the airing of blade face, spray the carbendazim of 1000 times of liquid, then cover plastic sheeting, be inserted into Small plastic shed with bamboo chip,
Sealing film surrounding, in making canopy, air humidity reaches more than 95%.
Set sunshade net at big ceiling, above seedbed, (at high 2m), set up two road sunshade nets, when Air Temperature in plastic sheeting
When degree is more than 38 DEG C, below two road sunshade nets, carry out mist cooling.Such as fine day high temperature, from point at 10 in the morning to afternoon 4,
Spray 1 time every half an hour.Every day checks soil humidity, can not overly moist, also can not overdrying, when the thin film reverse side full little water droplet of knot,
In Small plastic shed, relative air humidity is more than 95%, need not keep the skin wet；When little water droplet is little, water supply in media is not enough, be close to
Late or cloudy, open thin film, water permeable, immediately after by sealing in film cover, typically water 1 water every 7-10 days.
2.4 seedling exercising
After cuttage about 60 days, the fringe bar root of hair of about 45% can start seedling exercising.First open thin film two to ventilate 2 days, then exist
Dusk or cloudy day all open；Can manage with full exposure after 2 days at Small plastic shed upper cover last layer sunshade net after opening；
After cuttage 10 days, start spray foliage fertilizer for the first time, later every 7-10 days, water and spray 1 time afterwards.Foliage fertilizer can be with green fragrant Wei
1000 times of liquid, or 0.2% carbamide sprays or waters and execute.In conjunction with diseases prevention, with 1000 times of liquid Mancozeb sprayings.
3 commercial seedlings make
3.1 seedbed Seedlings
By in tloig-cutlage to the substrate in overhead seedbed, through 8 months take pains to foster, form seedbed Seedling.Seedling specification: young sprout is long
8cm, well developed root system, robust plant, without pest and disease damage, yield rate 93%.
3.2 ground plant Seedling
Seedbed Seedling is moved into big field, took pains to foster through 2 years, form ground and plant Seedling.Seedling specification: height of seedling 120cm, is preced with width 60cm,
Robust plant, without pest and disease damage, yield rate 95%.
Claims (8)
1. silvery white maple cuttage breeding method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1) choosing suitable breeding spot and set up silvery white maple female parent cutting orchard, it is 40cm × 40cm that cutting orchard transplants seeding row spacing, density
For 2500-2800 plant/acre；
2) install substrate with 72 hole dishes, keep substrate elasticity consistent, first 24 hours of cuttage with 700-900 times of potassium permanganate
Solution is to substrate disinfection, and described substrate contains the following material of volume ratio: peat 30-40%, Vermiculitum 5-10%, fine sand 5-
10%, Maifanitum 20-30%, straw 8-15%, plant ash 10-15%, and by every cubic metre of cutting medium adds Bulbus Lycoridis Radiatae bulb powder
Mince 350-450g, and ginkgo leaf powder minces 200-300g；
3) suitable cutting time is early September, cuttage in 1 year 1 time, plants maternal branch then cut fringe from silvery white maple, and clip selects
At the intersection of the spring tip then with autumn growth last year, it is cut into the cuttage branch of a length of 4-5cm, retains 2 lateral buds, 2 opposite leaves
Sheet, and respectively cut off half, base portion flat nick；
4) cuttage branch uses and urges root agent 900-1100ppm dipping fringe bar base portion 2-3 second, described in urge root agent be 3-by weight ratio
5:2-4:1-3:0.5-1.5 indolebutyric acid: naphthalene acetic acid: ABT6 root-inducing powder: Folium Ginkgo total flavones extracting solution mixing constitute；
5) using 72 hole dishes to carry out cuttage, 1 fringe bar of every cave cuttage, the cuttage degree of depth is 2-3cm, waters permeable after cuttage immediately,
Spraying the carbendazim of 900-1000 times of liquid after the airing of blade face, move-in-mud robot, in canopy, air humidity reaches more than 95%, at booth
Top sets sunshade net, sets up two road sunshade nets above seedbed, when in plastic sheeting, air themperature is more than 38 DEG C, hides in two roads
Carry out mist cooling below screened postive, water 1 water every 7-10 days；Such as fine day high temperature, from point at 10 in the morning to afternoon 4, every
Spray half an hour 1 time；
6) after cuttage 10 days, starting spray foliage fertilizer for the first time, later every 7-10 days, water and spray 1 time afterwards, foliage fertilizer can be used
Green fragrant 900-1000 times of liquid of Wei sprays, simultaneously with 900-1000 times of liquid Mancozeb spraying diseases prevention；After cuttage 60 days, about 45%
Fringe bar root of hair can start seedling exercising.
2. silvery white maple cuttage breeding method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 1):
The selection soil texture is loose, fertile, cutting orchard is made in subacidity, neutral extremely subalkaline soil, turns over, ditches, makees bed,
Opening zanjon, seedbed bed surface width 120cm around field, bed surface soil block is whole carefully, and middle slightly higher, both sides are slightly lower；Pavement width 40cm, deeply
25cm, low centre, pavement two is slightly higher, forms certain gradient, it is ensured that draining is unimpeded；
Carrying out container seedling transplanting March in early November to next year, transplanting seeding row spacing is 50cm × 50cm, and density is 1700 plants/acre, fixed
Point digs cave, wipes out long side root, keeps the degree of depth consistent with the degree of depth of original plant, be compacted in root with fine earth heap during transplanting,
Irrigating in time and determine root water, bed surface one layer of Caulis et Folium Oryzae of paving, with moisturizing with prevent weed growth；
Seedling-slowing stage waters in time, such as continuous sunny, within the 4th day after transplanting, need to water, water once every 10 days later；In case of even
The continuous rainy day, timely draining；Full exposure is cultivated, and promotes fringe bar lignifying；Within after transplanting 15 days, starting fertilising, the 3-8 month is every half
The moon spreads fertilizer over the fields 1 carbamide or compound fertilizer, each every mu of 20kg, stops executing quick-acting fertilizer after JIUYUE, executes become thoroughly decomposed organic the 11-12 month 1 time
Fertilizer, every mu of 2000kg, buriing of ditching.
3. when spreading fertilizer over the fields carbamide or compound fertilizer, carry out in conjunction with weeding with a hoe, execute in the ranks, with no seedling injury wood stem, branch and blade be
Accurate；After adopting fringe, execute 1 quick-acting fertilizer, every mu of 15kg immediately.
4. silvery white maple cuttage breeding method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 2) in:
The dry density 0.2-0.35 of described substrate, total porosity 85-90%, macroporsity 25-33%, aperture porosity 57-59%,
Maximum specific retention 5.0-5.4, pH value 5.7-6.0, EC value 0.5-0.6, full nitrogen 1.2-1.4%, full phosphorus 490-500mg/kg, full potassium
6300-6400mg/kg, calcium 2600-2700mg/kg, magnesium 2400-2500mg/kg, copper 5-6mg/kg, zinc 50-55mg/kg, boron
5.0-5.5mg/kg, ferrum 4600-4700mg/kg, manganese 110-120mg/kg, molybdenum 1.6-2.0mg/kg, aluminum 2600-2700mg/kg,
Lead 7-8mg/kg, sodium 3100-3200mg/kg, nickel 15-16mg/kg, sulfur 2400-2500mg/kg.
5. silvery white maple cuttage breeding method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 2) in: peat 32-35%, Vermiculitum
6-8%, fine sand 6-8%, Maifanitum 25-28%, straw 10-12%, plant ash 12-13%, and add by every cubic metre of cutting medium
Bulbus Lycoridis Radiatae bulb ground product 400g, ginkgo leaf powder minces 250g.
6. silvery white maple cuttage breeding method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 2) described in cutting medium adopt
Prepare using the following method:
1) pretreatment: Bulbus Lycoridis Radiatae bulb, Folium Ginkgo are separately dried, are pulverized, prepared Bulbus Lycoridis Radiatae bulb ground product, ginkgo leaf powder mince；
2) the following material of percent by volume is mixed: peat 30-40%, Vermiculitum 5-10%, fine sand 5-10%, Maifanitum 20-30%,
Straw 8-15%, plant ash 10-15%, and by every cubic metre of cutting medium adds Bulbus Lycoridis Radiatae bulb ground product 350-450g, Semen Ginkgo
Leaf ground product 200-300g.
7. silvery white maple cuttage breeding method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the ginkgo biloba leaf total described in step 4) is yellow
Ketone extracting solution uses following methods to prepare:
1) Folium Ginkgo pulverizing is broken into coarse powder, cross 20 mesh sieves；
2) seepage pressure effects: Folium Ginkgo coarse powder is loaded in percolator, after soaking 8 hours with 70% aquiferous ethanol, by 75% aqueous second
Alcohol carries out seepage pressure effects, if raw material weight is 1kg, the consumption of aquiferous ethanol is 8 liters, and flow velocity is 5mL/min, collects percolate；
3) flash concentration: by percolate bath temperature 70 DEG C, vacuum is 0.09 Mpa, and feed liquor flow velocity is 180mL min-1
Under conditions of carry out vacuum film concentration, reclaim ethanol, obtain every mL medicinal liquid and convert into the concentrated solution containing 1.0g raw material；
4) macroporous resin adsorption purification: by the concentrated solution that obtains by macroporous adsorbent resin separation and concentration, successively with water, 10% contain
Water-ethanol, 25% aquiferous ethanol, 35% aquiferous ethanol, 45% aquiferous ethanol, 55% aquiferous ethanol, 70% aquiferous ethanol carry out gradient and wash
De-, finally with 70% acetone eluting, collect each position eluent of 3 times of column volumes respectively, collection merging, 25% aquiferous ethanol, 35%
Aquiferous ethanol, 45% aquiferous ethanol and the eluent at each position of 55% aquiferous ethanol, the eluent that will merge, obtain ginkgo biloba leaf total yellow
Ketone extracting solution.
8. silvery white maple cuttage breeding method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 4): indolebutyric acid: naphthalene acetic acid:
ABT6 root-inducing powder: the weight ratio of Folium Ginkgo total flavones extracting solution is 4:3:2:1.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110612989A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2019-12-27 | 四川省兰月科技有限公司 | Synergistic naphthylacetic acid soluble liquor |
| WO2020107875A1 (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2020-06-04 | 四川七彩林科股份有限公司 | Acer pentaphyllum cutting propagation method |
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| WO2020107875A1 (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2020-06-04 | 四川七彩林科股份有限公司 | Acer pentaphyllum cutting propagation method |
| CN110612989A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2019-12-27 | 四川省兰月科技有限公司 | Synergistic naphthylacetic acid soluble liquor |
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