CN102428819B - Method of using vines to control invasion of exotic weeds - Google Patents
Method of using vines to control invasion of exotic weeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN102428819B CN102428819B CN 201110285352 CN201110285352A CN102428819B CN 102428819 B CN102428819 B CN 102428819B CN 201110285352 CN201110285352 CN 201110285352 CN 201110285352 A CN201110285352 A CN 201110285352A CN 102428819 B CN102428819 B CN 102428819B
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Abstract
A method of using vines to control invasion of exotic weeds includes firstly, setting up sample plots in an exotic weed growing land, secondly, setting up a support, thirdly, making a bamboo basket, fourthly, preparing burnt soil, fifthly, preparing matrix mixture, sixthly, filling the bamboo basket, seventhly, growing plants, and eighthly, applying fertilizer. Allelopathy of exotic weeds can be prevented by using the bamboo basket to grow honeysuckle, kudzu and pumpkin, and the roots of the honeysuckle, the kudzu and the pumpkin can be protected from competitive inhibition of the exotic weeds. Raw materials are easy to obtain, the technique is simple and feasible, the exotic weeds are effective in control, and both ecological benefit and economic benefit are considered.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biological field, particularly relate to a kind of method of utilizing liane control Alien Weeds Ageratum conyzoides and Solidago Canadensis invasion.
Background technology
Solidago Canadensis (
Solidago canadensis) be composite family Solidago herbaceos perennial, originate in the North America.Successfully invade ground such as European Midwest, big of Asia and Australia and New Zealand at present, become a kind of global invasive weed.Solidago Canadensis was introduced ground such as China Shanghai and Nanjing as the garden flowers in 1935, ease is given birth to open-air subsequently, becomes malignant weed, is distributed in areas such as China East China, Central China, North China, northeast and southwest at present, and further diffusion.Solidago Canadensis often forms single sociales group on invasion ground, destroy ecosystem structure and function, threatens bio-diversity, the serious local species extirpation that causes.Solidago Canadensis is invaded the farmland, the orchard can cause crop to drop in production over a large area.Solidago Canadensis is a sun plant, and average plant height can reach more than the 2m fast growth.
Ageratum conyzoides (
Ageratum conyzoides) be composite family ageratum annual herb plant, originate in South America middle part, introduce a fine variety through manual work and import China into.Mainly betiding the torrid zone and the subtropical zone in southwest and south China at present in China, is a kind of regional malignant weed.Owing to allelopathy, competitive ability, seminal propagation power and outstanding reasons such as physiological plasticity, make it have stronger invasion property, often squeeze, suppress the growth of other plant and form sociales on invasion ground.But the ecosystems such as Ageratum conyzoides serious harm dry farming ground, mulberry field, rubber young growth also be the host of various crop disease simultaneously, so it are crop Tanaka's a kind of poisonous biological pollutants.The sufficient growing environment of Ageratum conyzoides happiness illumination, high 0.30-1.0m.
Prevention and control Alien Weeds common method mainly contains three types of physics method, chemical method and bioanalysises, and these three class methods all have its limitation.
Cultivation utilizes promotion lianes growths such as containing black wood charcoal baked wheaten cake soil and pig manure simultaneously to strong lianes of resource contention power such as light, the invasion of competitive inhibition Alien Weeds, and this method is applicable to large tracts of land and long-time prevention and control Alien Weeds invasion.Plantation liana economic plants prevention and control exotic plant invasion, the utilization again that can realize invading the soil produces economic benefit, more helps safeguarding the healthy and sustainable development of the ecosystem that has recovered.
To the prevention and control problem of pernicious Alien Weeds Ageratum conyzoides and Solidago Canadensis, through contain at dress black wood charcoal burn cultivate in the bamboo basket of soil and pig manure honeysuckle (
Lonicera japonica), elegant jessamine (
Pueraria lobata) and pumpkin (
Cucurbita moschata), control this two kinds of Alien Weeds growths.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method of utilizing the invasion of liane control Alien Weeds; Honeysuckle, elegant jessamine and pumpkin that this method adopts; It all is the liana heliophyte; On support, climb up by holding on to when spreading growth, can suppress Ageratum conyzoides and Solidago Canadensis growth under the support, also obtain economic benefit simultaneously through shading.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of method of utilizing the invasion of liane control Alien Weeds is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) in external weed growth ground, sets up appearance ground;
(2) foundation of support: above appearance ground, set up the support that all to carry out lid appearance ground;
(3) bamboo basket preparation;
(4) burn the soil preparation: select the soil of long weeds, be with soil to shovel together weeds and dig, process lump zone soil turf, dry; Collect undershrub, dry, accumulation is got up, and will be with native turf to be stacked on the shrub; Light shrub, make the smoulder of turf heap, fire extinguishes the back and collects the baked wheaten cake soil that obtains to contain black wood charcoal;
(5) mixed-matrix preparation: will burn soil and pig manure by weight the 3:1 mixed preparing;
(6) bamboo basket filling: bamboo basket is placed under the support, with at the bottom of the straw place mat bamboo basket with all around, adorn soil and reach 2/3, refill the 8-12kg mixed-matrix, overburden soil on mixed-matrix;
(7) plant cultivation: cultivation is in bamboo basket separately with honeysuckle, elegant jessamine, pumpkin respectively, and perpendicular the inserting of each bamboo basket climbed up by holding on to bar, lets plant climb up by holding on on the support and overgrows;
(8) fertilising.
Alien Weeds in the said step (1) is Ageratum conyzoides or Solidago Canadensis.
The optimum height of the support in the said step (2) is 1.8m.
Honeysuckle in the said step (7) and pumpkin adopt sprigging, and elegant jessamine is adopted the breeding of root head.
Principle is:The honeysuckle of selecting for use, elegant jessamine and pumpkin all are the lianes of economically valuable.The perennial half evergreen winding liana of gold and silver Pittosporum Caprifoliaceae, well developed root system, sprout tiller strength is strong, and not tight to the soil requirement, adaptability is extremely strong, happiness light, anti-shade, cold-resistant, drought-enduring.Elegant jessamine belongs to perennial liana leguminous plant, and fertility, the power of climbing up by holding on to are strong, can take root successively, and growth is fast, and adaptability is strong, cold-resistant, drought-enduring, barren-resistant, disease-resistant worm.The annual draft of overgrowing of Cucurbita Curcurbitaceae, growth is fast, and stem is sturdy, reaches several meters, happiness light, drought-enduring.
The black wood charcoal high adsorption capacity, after pig manure, earth mixture, the nutrients of absorption slowly discharges, and can reduce nutrition leak.Black wood charcoal can adsorb allelochemical, weakens allelopathy.
On the ground of Ageratum conyzoides and Solidago Canadensis growth, build support, bamboo basket is placed under the support.In the bamboo basket of dress baked wheaten cake soil, pig manure and soil, cultivate honeysuckle, elegant jessamine and pumpkin, this three plant species is climbed up by holding on to the growth of support vertical spread, through competitive shading, suppresses Ageratum conyzoides and Solidago Canadensis growth under the support.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) honeysuckle, elegant jessamine and pumpkin economically valuable all can obtain economic benefit when utilizing these three kinds of lianes control Alien Weeds.
(2) honeysuckle and elegant jessamine resistance of reverse are strong, and growth is fast, in 1-2, just spreads all over support.
(3) the pumpkin growth is fast, just can on support, form dense vegetation in 2-3 month.
(4) utilize bamboo basket cultivation honeysuckle, elegant jessamine and pumpkin, can prevent the allelopathy of Alien Weeds, avoid these plant roots to receive the Alien Weeds competition and suppress.
(5) honeysuckle, elegant jessamine and pumpkin are prone to breeding and culturing and management.
(6) pig manure can be plant nutrient is provided; The black wood charcoal high adsorption capacity, absorption is held and is stayed a large amount of nutrients, and nutrients slowly discharges, and reduces nutrients and runs off and fertilizing amount; Black wood charcoal can adsorb allelochemical, weakens allelopathy.
(7) the invention provides and utilize liana economic plants honeysuckle, elegant jessamine and pumpkin through the shading of overgrowing, suppress the technology that malignant weed Ageratum conyzoides and Canadian solidago plant are grown, present technique has been taken into account ecological benefits and economic benefit.
(8) present technique has the convenience of drawing materials, and technology is simple, and the control Alien Weeds is effective, multiple benefits such as safety.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
In March, 2009 to 2010, year August, near the Ageratum conyzoides the Hibiscus Town of Yongshun County, Hunan experimentized vegetatively.
Vegetable material: honeysuckle (
Lonicera japonica), elegant jessamine (
Pueraria lobata), pumpkin (
Cucurbita moschata), Solidago Canadensis (
Solidago canadensis) and Ageratum conyzoides (
Ageratum conyzoides).
Other material: pin, bamboo bar, bamboo basket, straw, iron wire, pig manure and urea.
Implementation step is following:
(1) appearance ground is set up: select vegetatively at Ageratum conyzoides and build 3 appearance ground that area is close, be divided into and be denoted as S-1, S-2, S-3 and S-4.In S-1, S-2 and S-3 appearance ground, make the hole, the pin lower end is vertically imbedded in the hole, the spacing of pin is 2.0m * 2.0m; With the fixing bamboo bar of iron wire, pin is linked to be support with the bamboo bar in pin upper end, support height is 1.8m; Keep the Ageratum conyzoides under the support.S-4 appearance ground keeps the Ageratum conyzoides in the appearance ground as contrast.
(2) bamboo basket preparation: bamboo basket is with wide 1cm, the braiding of thick 0.2cm thin bamboo strips used for weaving, mouthful wide 50cm, high 60cm.
(3) burn the soil preparation: periphery is selected the soil of long weeds on appearance ground, is with soil to shovel together weeds and digs, and processes lump zone soil turf, dries; Collect undershrub, dry, accumulation is got up, and will be with native turf to be stacked on the shrub heap; Light shrub, make the smoulder of turf heap, fire extinguishes the back and collects the baked wheaten cake soil that obtains to contain black wood charcoal.
(4) mixed-matrix preparation: will burn soil and pig manure by weight the 3:1 mixed preparing.
(5) bamboo basket filling: bamboo basket is placed under the support by craspedodrome, and the spacing of bamboo basket is 1.0m * 1.0m; In bamboo basket earlier with at the bottom of the straw place mat basket with all around, adorn soil and reach 2/3, refill mixed-matrix, overburden soil on the mixed-matrix; In bamboo basket, plant honeysuckle, elegant jessamine and pumpkin, plant the bamboo basket dress 8kg mixed-matrix of pumpkin, plant the bamboo basket dress 12kg mixed-matrix of honeysuckle and elegant jessamine; The perpendicular slotting 2 little bamboo bars of each bamboo basket.
In March, (6) 2009, in S-1, S-2 and S-3 appearance ground, plant honeysuckle, elegant jessamine and pumpkin respectively, each bamboo basket is only planted a plant species: each basket 8 strain gold and silver flower seedling, 6 strain pumpkin seedlings, 6 Radix Puerariae heads.In bamboo basket, execute 20g urea by the end of May.
In July, (7) 2009, appearance ground is investigated.Plant looks closeer on the support, under the support a little less than the illumination.Ageratum conyzoides average height in S-1, S-2, S-3 and the S-4 appearance ground is respectively 0.34,0.24,0.11 and 0.58m, and the Ageratum conyzoides average height in S-1, S-2 and the S-3 appearance ground is all significantly less than S-4.Honeysuckle and pumpkin in the timely collecting appearance ground.
In March, (8) 2010, in the bamboo basket on S-3 appearance ground, reseed the pumpkin seedling.In the bamboo basket on S-1, S-2 and S-3 appearance ground, execute 30g urea by the end of May.
In August, (9) 2010, appearance ground is investigated.The honeysuckle and the elegant jessamine on S-1 and S-2 appearance ground look dense on support, a little less than the illumination, under support, do not see Ageratum conyzoides under the support.A little less than illumination under the support on S-3 appearance ground, under support, only see the small and weak Ageratum conyzoides of 4 strains, plant height average out to 6cm, blade is sparse.Timely collecting honeysuckle and pumpkin.
Embodiment 2
In March, 2009 to 2010, year August, near the Solidago Canadensis bank of stone town, Yongshun, Hunan experimentized vegetatively.
Vegetable material: honeysuckle (
Lonicera japonica), elegant jessamine (
Pueraria lobata), pumpkin (
Cucurbita moschata), Solidago Canadensis (
Solidago canadensis) and Ageratum conyzoides (
Ageratum conyzoides).
Other material: pin, bamboo bar, bamboo basket, straw, iron wire, pig manure and urea.
Implementation step is following:
(1) appearance ground is set up: select vegetatively at Solidago Canadensis and build 3 appearance ground that area is close, be divided into and be denoted as J-1, J-2 and J-3.In J-1 and J-2 appearance ground, make the hole, the pin lower end is vertically imbedded in the hole, the spacing of pin is 2.0m * 2.0m; With the fixing bamboo bar of iron wire, pin is linked to be support with the bamboo bar in pin upper end, support height is 1.8m; Keep the Solidago Canadensis under the support.J-3 appearance ground keeps appearance Solidago Canadensis on the ground as contrast.
(2) bamboo basket preparation: bamboo basket is with wide 1cm, the braiding of thick 0.2cm thin bamboo strips used for weaving, mouthful wide 50cm, high 60cm.
(3) burn the soil preparation: periphery is selected the soil of long weeds on appearance ground, is with soil to shovel together weeds and digs, and processes lump zone soil turf, dries; Collect undershrub, dry, accumulation is got up, and will be with native turf to be stacked on the shrub; Light shrub, make the smoulder of turf heap, fire extinguishes the back and collects the baked wheaten cake soil that obtains to contain black wood charcoal.
(4) mixed-matrix preparation: will burn soil and pig manure by weight the 3:1 mixed preparing.
(5) bamboo basket filling: bamboo basket is placed under the support by craspedodrome, and the spacing of bamboo basket is 1.0m * 1.0m; In bamboo basket earlier with at the bottom of the straw place mat basket with all around, adorn soil and reach 2/3, refill mixed-matrix, overburden soil on the mixed-matrix; In bamboo basket, plant honeysuckle, elegant jessamine and pumpkin, plant the bamboo basket dress 8kg mixed-matrix of pumpkin, plant the bamboo basket dress 12kg mixed-matrix of honeysuckle and elegant jessamine; The perpendicular slotting 2 little bamboo bars of each bamboo basket.
In March, (6) 2009, J-1 appearance ground cultivation honeysuckle and pumpkin, each bamboo basket is only planted a plant species: each basket 8 strain gold and silver flower seedling, 6 strain pumpkin seedlings; Planting the bamboo basket of honeysuckle and pumpkin puts by alternate mode.Cultivation elegant jessamine and pumpkin in the J-2 appearance ground, each bamboo basket is only planted a plant species: 6 Radix Puerariae heads of each basket, 6 strain pumpkin seedlings; Planting the bamboo basket of elegant jessamine and pumpkin puts by alternate mode.In bamboo basket, execute 20g urea by the end of May.With planting between honeysuckle and pumpkin, elegant jessamine and pumpkin, help the support full plant that swashes, reduce light and be transmitted under the support, strengthen inhibitory action to Alien Weeds.
In July, (7) 2009, appearance ground is investigated.Solidago Canadensis average height in J-1, J-2 and the J-3 appearance ground is respectively 0.32,0.17 and 1.62m, and the Canada's branch chrysanthemum average height in J-1 and the J-2 appearance ground is all significantly less than J-3.Timely collecting honeysuckle and pumpkin.
In March, (8) 2010, pumpkin is no longer cultivated on J-1 and J-2 appearance ground, removes the bamboo basket of cultivation pumpkin.Execute 30g urea in the bamboo basket to J-1 and J-2 appearance ground in by the end of May, 2010.
In August, (9) 2010, appearance ground is investigated.The honeysuckle and the elegant jessamine on J-1 and J-2 appearance ground look dense on support, do not see Solidago Canadensis under the support.Honeysuckle and pumpkin in the timely collecting appearance ground.
Claims (3)
1. a method of utilizing the invasion of liane control Alien Weeds is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) in external weed growth ground, sets up appearance ground;
(2) foundation of support: above appearance ground, set up the support that can all cover appearance ground;
(3) bamboo basket preparation;
(4) burn the soil preparation: select the soil of long weeds, be with soil to shovel together weeds and dig, process lump zone soil turf, dry; Collect undershrub, dry, accumulation is got up, and will be with native turf to be stacked on the shrub; Light shrub, make the smoulder of turf heap, fire extinguishes the back and collects the baked wheaten cake soil that obtains to contain black wood charcoal;
(5) mixed-matrix preparation: will burn soil and pig manure by weight the 3:1 mixed preparing;
(6) bamboo basket filling: bamboo basket is placed under the support, with at the bottom of the straw place mat bamboo basket with all around, adorn soil and reach 2/3, refill the 8-12kg mixed-matrix, overburden soil on mixed-matrix;
(7) plant cultivation: cultivation is in bamboo basket separately with honeysuckle, elegant jessamine, pumpkin respectively, and perpendicular the inserting of each bamboo basket climbed up by holding on to bar, lets plant climb up by holding on on the support and overgrows;
(8) fertilising;
Alien Weeds in the said step (1) is Ageratum conyzoides or Solidago Canadensis.
2. the method for utilizing the invasion of liane control Alien Weeds according to claim 1 is characterized in that the optimum height of the support in the said step (2) is 1.8m.
3. the method for utilizing the invasion of liane control Alien Weeds according to claim 1 is characterized in that honeysuckle in the said step (7) and pumpkin adopt sprigging, and elegant jessamine is adopted the breeding of root head.
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| CN103197052B (en) * | 2013-04-23 | 2014-11-12 | 南京林业大学 | Method for verifying fern gametophyte allelopathy through membrane permeability method |
| CN104521492B (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2016-09-14 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of method controlling adventitious plant Herba Agerati Conyzoidis |
| CN104429548B (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2016-09-14 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of method controlling Alien Weeds solidago canadesis |
| CN105330443A (en) * | 2015-12-06 | 2016-02-17 | 张友兰 | Pumpkin planting nutrition soil |
| CN107637447A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-01-30 | 湖北金日生态能源股份有限公司 | A kind of weed eradication weeding and infertile field method with sesame crops company commander's technology |
| CN109548510A (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2019-04-02 | 台州学院 | A kind of method of diversification configuration plantation prevention and treatment Solidago Canadensis growth |
| CN109874611A (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-06-14 | 江苏大学 | A method of it is acted synergistically using animals and plants and prevents and treats invasive weed Solidago Canadensis |
| CN109769540A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-05-21 | 湖北省农业科学院中药材研究所 | A method of weeds are controlled using liana |
| CN115413516B (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2023-09-08 | 广东绿德园林环保工程有限公司 | Method for inhibiting external invasion weeds in wetland by using native plants |
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