CN1082809A - No soil species rice method and water-surface cultivation bed thereof - Google Patents
No soil species rice method and water-surface cultivation bed thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1082809A CN1082809A CN92108531A CN92108531A CN1082809A CN 1082809 A CN1082809 A CN 1082809A CN 92108531 A CN92108531 A CN 92108531A CN 92108531 A CN92108531 A CN 92108531A CN 1082809 A CN1082809 A CN 1082809A
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Abstract
A kind of water surface does not have soil species rice method and cultivation bed thereof, it is characterized in that live or transplanting rice on the water-surface cultivation bed, only needs fertilising and two measures of prevention and elimination of disease and pests between the whole growing of paddy rice, can gather in the crops.The cultivation bed is to adopt agricultural crop straw, weeds or plastic foamboard to make, and is convenient and easy.It is simple that the present invention plants method for planting, do not have the required whole set plough of paddy field kind rice, harrow a field, intertill and clean tillage, cropping systems such as row irrigation, saving of labor, laborsaving, while output height, single cropping rice per mu yield reaches 500 kilograms, double cropping rice can reach 700-750 kilograms, the ratoon rice per mu yield reaches 650-700 kilograms, all is higher than land for growing field crops output, and this has far reaching significance to alleviating the nervous situation of grain.
Description
The present invention relates to method and the facility of a kind of water surface planting crop, method of particularly a kind of water surface hydroponics paddy rice and water-surface cultivation bed thereof.
Utilize the water surface planting crops, developing agricultural is the research field of a new developing.In the last few years, along with increasing rapidly of world population, the development of advancing by leaps and bounds of industry, per capita area of cultivated farmland is reducing year by year, and meanwhile the pressure of food shortage also becomes increasingly conspicuous.China particularly, arable area reduces even more serious.Statistics according to relevant department, the arable land of China in nearly 25 years just the speed with annual 7000000 mu descending year by year, estimate 2000, the arable land of China will drop to 13.53 hundred million mu, per capita area of cultivated farmland only is 1.13 mu, be lower than the existence ground line of state plan, this must cause the very big attention of the parties concerned.So, want the non-agricultural occupation of land of strict control on the one hand, to excavate resource potential on the other hand, as transformation salinity ground, to transform low-yield land, and utilize water surface area development plant husbandry or the like, these all are very significant to alleviating the grain pressure.Paddy rice is a field crop, and many in recent years scientific research personnel attempt it is moved on to water surface planting, yet owing to all be unableing to do without the soil cultivation is arranged, and yields poorly, and cost is crossed high reason, and research work stays cool substantially.
It is a kind of simple that the object of the invention is to provide, and the output height, and the water surface that cost is low does not have soil species rice method and water-surface cultivation bed thereof.
According to the object of the invention, it is a kind of with paddy (bud) or direct sowing of rice seedlings or the method for transplanting on the cultivation bed of keeping afloat that the disclosed water surface of inventor does not have soil species rice method, this method is except that seed selection and rational close planting, between the whole growing of paddy rice, only need apply fertilizer and control measures such as prevention and elimination of disease and pests, can gather in the crops.
The water-surface cultivation bed that is suitable for above-mentioned kind of rice method is characterized in that it can float on the surface, and can move freely, its formation is to comprise bed frame and camel.Camel forming, can be selected crop stalk such as straw for use by a plurality of string grass together of wearing side by side for careless, straw, and sunflower pole, weeds on jute bar and the mountain, the mixing of materials such as reed reed is tied up and is formed.Grass is becoming circle bundle shape, and length is about 2 meters, and the bundle diameter is 15～18cm.Above-mentioned bed frame is used to support and go along with sb. to guard him camel, and it comprises cross bar and vertical pole and staple composition.Cross bar laterally among a plurality of careless, makes it shape side by side.Vertical pole is gone along with sb. to guard him the periphery at camel, makes it to be difficult for being scattered.Cross bar runs through camel, and two termination is fixed on the vertical pole by staple.The cross bar of above-mentioned bed frame and vertical pole can adopt bamboo and wood or plastic or other material to make.
The shape of water-surface cultivation bed determines according to water surface area and handled easily with big I.General single cultivation bed length is with about 2 meters, and width is advisable with 1.2-1.5 rice.Can single cultivation bed be connected into the bed group with rope during use, the work ditch of 1-1.2 rice is left in the centre.
The present invention compares with facility with the method that native rice-cultivating is arranged, and has following good effect.
1, make full use of the waters, enlarge the rice cropping area, this has far reaching significance to alleviating the nervous situation of grain; 2, kind rice method is simple, does not need plough, harrows a field heavy cropping systems such as intertill and clean tillage and row irrigation, saving of labor, laborsaving; 3, output height, the single cropping per mu yield increases about 100 kilograms than the land for growing field crops; 4, because water surface planting is ventilated good, be difficult for taking place damage by disease and insect, general needing only in paddy rice divides the evil Sheng phase to spray an agricultural chemicals, both saved pesticide dosage, reduces the pollution to environment again; 5, not influenced by drought and waterlogging, high yields irrespective of drought or water logging helps stable high yield; 6, water surface kind rice, temperature is more stable, and season of rice transplanting is relatively flexible; 7, the water-surface cultivation bed structure is rationally simple, and raw material suit measures to local conditions to take from the rural area, inexpensively easily gets; 8, the water-surface cultivation bed can use for many years, and can be used as plantation some aquatic vegetable (as celery) and Chinese herbal medicine (as rhizoma alismatis etc.) medicinal material.
Further describe the present invention below by specific embodiment.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of water-surface cultivation bed of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the another kind of water-surface cultivation bed of the present invention
With reference to Fig. 1, grass is 2 to adopt straw and jute bar respectively 50% to tie up and form, grass is diameter 18 centimetres, length is about 2 meters, cross bar 4 laterally runs through a plurality of grass forms camel 1 to 2, and camel 1 width is about 1.2 meters, and the vertical pole 5 of bed frame 3 is gone along with sb. to guard him the periphery at camel 1, the staple made from the bamboo bar through cross bar 4 two ends of camel 16 is fixed on the vertical pole 5, and the cross bar 4 of bed frame 3 and vertical pole 5 all adopt the bamboo wood material to make.
Kind rice method among the embodiment is that rice shoot is directly moved on the cultivation bed that is inserted in described in the foregoing description, and the whole growth phase of finishing paddy rice is up to results.The concrete rice method of planting is as follows:
1, seed selection seedling: be suitable for cultivating bed and go up the paddy rice of plantation and preferably select branch evil power strong, short bar is economized fertile kind for well in the root prosperity, gk:126 for example, and celestial being is excellent 63, prestige excellent 77 etc.
2, cultivation bed soaked and disappears alkali: preceding 10-15 days of transplanting time, place the waters to soak the alkali that disappears the water-surface cultivation bed of above-mentioned new making, this is to make straw soak the back deliquescing to be convenient to rice transplanting, the 2nd, remove the alkali number that contains in the straw, and make it to be suitable for paddy growth.
3, rational close planting: should note rational close planting during rice transplanting, seeding row spacing is advisable with 4 * 4 or 4 * 5, and is promptly close slightly than the land for growing field crops.For the ease of management and results, after the rice transplanting single water-surface cultivation bed is connected to strip, width is convenient to turnover of bamboo raft or canoe and management so that management for well, connects between the strip cultivation bed and leaves bar 1-1.2 rice grain pattern road.
4, management: it is simpler than the land for growing field crops that the water surface does not have the measure of soil species rice management by methods.The management of rice bed mainly is fertilising and prevention and elimination of disease and pests in good time.The composite fertilizer of containing nitrogen phosphorus potassium and trace element is generally used in the fertilising of rice bed, and fertilizing method is grasped on a small quantity repeatedly principle, the composite fertilizer that approximately executes 5-6 different proportionings in growth period duration of rice.Wherein the fertilizing amount of 70-80% is to execute in after rice transplanting 20 days, and other are looked the seedling growth situation and take the circumstances into consideration fertilising.The extermination of disease and insect pest mainly is a spraying pesticide, and the time is grasped at rice seedling and divides evil to contain the time of phase susceptible disease insect pest.Water surface kind rice is because ventilated good, and damage by disease and insect takes place to lack than the land for growing field crops, generally sprays medicine and need only be once gets final product to secondary.
5, results: when water surface rice is ripe, as long as with rice bed dragline to the harvesting of edge, waters or with taking bamboo raft, canoe gathers in, and gets final product.
Be applicable to that the cultivation bed that the above-mentioned water surface does not have a soil species rice method can also be a foam cultivation bed (as shown in Figure 2).This cultivation bed adopts plastic foamboard to make, the foamed plastics plate thickness that adopts is about 5cm, be shaped on the square groove of 5-6cm 7 on the plate, groove 7 degree of depth are about 4cm, groove 7 bottom center have permeable hole 8, during with this cultivation bed rice cultivation, take to break the bud live form for well, for preventing that seed rice is scattered from the ventilative hole 8 of groove 9, need be layered on the aperture with a piece of paper.
Carrying out the water surface by cultivation of the present invention bed does not have the soil species rice, and single cropping rice per mu yield can reach 500 kilograms, and the double cropping rice per mu yield can reach the 700-750 kilogram, and the ratoon rice per mu yield can reach the 650-700 kilogram, all is higher than or approaches the land for growing field crops per mu yield.
The cultivation bed that constitutes by the present invention also can be used to plant some aquatic vegetables such as celery is adopted and some are by medicinal material such as rhizoma alismatis etc., its kind method for planting can be taked grafting plantation, and whole growing is as long as in addition control measures such as the rational application of fertilizer and prevention and elimination of disease and pests can be gathered in the crops.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of water surface kind rice method is characterized in that this method is that the water surface does not have soil species rice method.
2, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that this method be with seed rice (bud) or rice seedlings directly sowing or with transplantation of seedlings on the cultivation bed of floatation surface.
3, method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that this method comprises the seed selection seedling, rational close planting, management, steps such as results.Above-mentioned management comprises the rational application of fertilizer and prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
4, method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that above-mentioned seed selection is to select for use branch evil power strong, well developed root system economize fertile in the rice varieties of short bar for well, its dense planting size of above-mentioned described rational close planting is closeer slightly than the land for growing field crops, the above-mentioned described rational application of fertilizer is rationally to use the composite fertilizer that is made up of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace element, fertilizing amount is taked on a small quantity repeatedly method, and the above-mentioned described extermination of disease and insect pest adopts spraying method to carry out.
5, a kind of water-surface cultivation bed that is applicable to no soil species rice method, it is characterized in that this cultivation bed comprises the camel that can keep afloat (1), bed frame (3) constitutes, camel (1) is worn string to (2) side by side by a plurality of grass and is formed, bed frame (3) comprises cross bar (4), vertical pole (5), and staple (6) constitutes, among (2), its two ends is fixed on the vertical pole (5) by staple (6) cross bar (4) through a plurality of grass.
6, cultivation bed according to claim 5 is characterized in that the grass of above-mentioned camel for example adopts crops tangerine bar to (2): straw, and straw, sunflower pole, the jute bar, weeds on the mountain, materials such as reed reed are formed.
7, a kind of water-surface cultivation bed that is applicable to no soil species rice method, it is characterized in that this cultivation bed comprises the foam camel (1) made from foamed plastics that can keep afloat, be shaped on groove (7) on the camel (1), there is permeable hole (8) in groove (7) bottom surface central authorities.
8, cultivation bed according to claim 7 is characterized in that about 5 centimetres of foam camel (1) thickness, about 4 centimetres of groove (7) degree of depth.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN92108531A CN1082809A (en) | 1992-08-07 | 1992-08-07 | No soil species rice method and water-surface cultivation bed thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN92108531A CN1082809A (en) | 1992-08-07 | 1992-08-07 | No soil species rice method and water-surface cultivation bed thereof |
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| CN1082809A true CN1082809A (en) | 1994-03-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN92108531A Pending CN1082809A (en) | 1992-08-07 | 1992-08-07 | No soil species rice method and water-surface cultivation bed thereof |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1056264C (en) * | 1995-03-22 | 2000-09-13 | 杨忠烈 | Water crops carrier and its manufacture technology |
| CN100388879C (en) * | 2006-03-21 | 2008-05-21 | 张学进 | Rice plantation |
| CN102498990A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-06-20 | 四川农业大学 | Rice factory production process and rice factory production workshop |
| CN103155782A (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2013-06-19 | 吴岳民 | Flood-and-drought hybrid vertical type rice planting method |
| CN103392547A (en) * | 2013-08-19 | 2013-11-20 | 广西玉林宏江能源科技有限公司 | Novel method for water planting paddy rice and planting device thereof |
| CN105010106A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-11-04 | 安徽省舒城县舒丰现代农业科技开发有限责任公司 | Cultivation method for cress in deep water utilizing floating frame |
| CN105432454A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-03-30 | 湖南立信生态农业综合开发有限公司 | Fresh water surface rice soilless culture device and application thereof |
| CN108718964A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-11-02 | 柳州市柳南区动物疫病预防控制中心 | The method of water planting rice paddy field aquaculture river snail |
| CN110651677A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-01-07 | 湖南人文科技学院 | Effectively prevent grass, water-saving rice direct seeding experimental system |
-
1992
- 1992-08-07 CN CN92108531A patent/CN1082809A/en active Pending
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1056264C (en) * | 1995-03-22 | 2000-09-13 | 杨忠烈 | Water crops carrier and its manufacture technology |
| CN100388879C (en) * | 2006-03-21 | 2008-05-21 | 张学进 | Rice plantation |
| CN102498990A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-06-20 | 四川农业大学 | Rice factory production process and rice factory production workshop |
| CN102498990B (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2015-12-09 | 四川农业大学 | Rice industrial production technology and workshop thereof |
| CN103155782A (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2013-06-19 | 吴岳民 | Flood-and-drought hybrid vertical type rice planting method |
| CN103155782B (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2014-12-17 | 吴岳民 | Flood-and-drought hybrid vertical type rice planting method |
| CN103392547A (en) * | 2013-08-19 | 2013-11-20 | 广西玉林宏江能源科技有限公司 | Novel method for water planting paddy rice and planting device thereof |
| CN105010106A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-11-04 | 安徽省舒城县舒丰现代农业科技开发有限责任公司 | Cultivation method for cress in deep water utilizing floating frame |
| CN105432454A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-03-30 | 湖南立信生态农业综合开发有限公司 | Fresh water surface rice soilless culture device and application thereof |
| CN108718964A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-11-02 | 柳州市柳南区动物疫病预防控制中心 | The method of water planting rice paddy field aquaculture river snail |
| CN110651677A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-01-07 | 湖南人文科技学院 | Effectively prevent grass, water-saving rice direct seeding experimental system |
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