CN109209633B - 工业用混合动力发动机 - Google Patents

工业用混合动力发动机 Download PDF

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CN109209633B
CN109209633B CN201810492903.4A CN201810492903A CN109209633B CN 109209633 B CN109209633 B CN 109209633B CN 201810492903 A CN201810492903 A CN 201810492903A CN 109209633 B CN109209633 B CN 109209633B
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高见雅保
久野完
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Kubota Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B67/00—Engines characterised by the arrangement of auxiliary apparatus not being otherwise provided for, e.g. the apparatus having different functions; Driving auxiliary apparatus from engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02B67/04—Engines characterised by the arrangement of auxiliary apparatus not being otherwise provided for, e.g. the apparatus having different functions; Driving auxiliary apparatus from engines, not otherwise provided for of mechanically-driven auxiliary apparatus
    • F02B67/06—Engines characterised by the arrangement of auxiliary apparatus not being otherwise provided for, e.g. the apparatus having different functions; Driving auxiliary apparatus from engines, not otherwise provided for of mechanically-driven auxiliary apparatus driven by means of chains, belts, or like endless members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
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Abstract

本发明提供一种工业用混合动力发动机，主要通过对电动马达的支撑结构进行悉心研究，使得该支撑结构能够合理地支撑重且大的电动马达，从而进一步被改善。该工业用混合动力发动机设置有卷绕在曲轴(6)的驱动带轮(6a)和动力用电动马达(8)的马达带轮(8a)上的无端转动带(9)，使用支撑托架(19)将电动马达(8)安装于发动机主体(h)，并且在所述支撑托架(19)上支撑有向张紧无端转动带(9)的方向施力的张紧机构(18)。在该工业用混合动力发动机上，相对于支撑托架(19)独立地设置有第二支撑托架(20)，该第二支撑托架(20)支撑电动马达(8)。

Description

工业用混合动力发动机
技术领域
本发明涉及混合动力式的拖拉机用发动机、建筑机械用发动机等工业用混合动力发动机。
背景技术
近年来，废气排放规定、公害对策以提高燃料经济性的课题不仅应用于汽车用发动机，还逐渐地应用于农业机械用发动机等工业用发动机。因此，如专利文献1所示，也开发了能够通过电动马达来辅助发动机输出的混合动力建筑机械用发动机。
例如，在混合动力化以能够辅助拖拉机用柴油发动机的输出的情况下，与用于传统的发动机的发电机相比，电动马达明显需要更大型且更重。
因此，已知在以往的兼备带张紧功能的支撑结构中强度会变得不足，其中，在以往的兼备带张紧功能的支撑结构中，利用一个螺栓将发电机的一方枢轴支撑为能够摇摆运动，将另一方通过螺栓固定为能够进行圆弧运动。
专利文献1：日本特开2015-182512号公报
即，在工业用发动机中，无论采用全混合动力、轻度混合动力、微混合动力等中的任一混合动力结构，都不能沿用传统的发电机支撑结构，需要进一步改进结构。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，提供一种工业用混合动力发动机，通过努力研究，主要通过对电动马达的支撑结构进行悉心研究，使得该支撑结构能够合理地支撑重且大的电动马达，从而进一步被改善。
本发明的第一技术方案的工业用混合动力发动机的特征在于，
该工业用混合动力发动机设置有卷绕在曲轴6的驱动带轮6a和动力用电动马达8的马达带轮8a上的无端转动带9，使用支撑托架19将所述电动马达8安装于发动机主体h，并且在所述支撑托架19上支撑有向张紧所述无端转动带9的方向施力的张紧机构18。
本发明的第二技术方案，在本发明的第一技术方案的工业用混合动力发动机中，其特征在于，在所述支撑托架19的相对于所述支撑托架19从所述发动机主体h突出设置的方向的一侧配置有所述电动马达8，且在所述支撑托架19的相对于所述支撑托架19从所述发动机主体h突出设置的方向的另一侧配置有所述张紧机构18。
本发明的第三技术方案，在本发明的第一技术方案或本发明的第二技术方案的工业用混合动力发动机中，其特征在于，所述支撑托架19安装于所述发动机主体h中的配置有排气歧管的一侧。
本发明的第四技术方案，在本发明的第一技术方案至第三技术方案中的任一技术方案的工业用混合动力发动机中，其特征在于，所述支撑托架19安装于在气缸体1的一端配置的传动箱5。
本发明的第五技术方案，在本发明的第一技术方案至第四技术方案中的任一技术方案的工业用混合动力发动机中，其特征在于，在该工业用混合动力发动机上，相对于所述支撑托架19独立地设置有第二支撑托架20，该第二支撑托架20支撑所述电动马达8。
本发明的第六技术方案，在本发明的第五技术方案的工业用混合动力发动机中，其特征在于，所述第二支撑托架20安装于在气缸体1之上组装的气缸盖2。
根据本发明，由于利用支撑托架使电动马达的位置固定并使该电动马达安装于发动机主体，并且独立地设置用于张紧无端转动带的张紧机构，因此，既能够使无端转动带始终良好地张紧，又能够以充分的强度支撑大且重的电动马达。
由于利用一个支撑托架能够进行电动马达的支撑和张紧机构的支撑，因此，也具有因结构的兼用化而能够紧凑化、降低成本的优点。
其结果，能够提供一种工业用混合动力发动机，通过努力研究，主要通过对电动马达的支撑结构进行悉心研究，使得该支撑结构能够合理地支撑重且大的电动马达，从而进一步被改善。
附图说明
图1是工业用混合动力柴油发动机的主视图。
图2是图1所示的发动机的俯视图。
图3是图1所示的发动机的左视图。
图4是图1所示的发动机的电动马达附近的放大主视图。
图5是图1所示的发动机的电动马达附近的放大俯视图。
图6A、图6B是表示第一支撑托架的图，图6A是主视图，图6B是仰视图。
图7A、图7B是表示第一支撑托架的图，图7A是左视图，图7B是背面图。
图8A、图8B是表示第二支撑托架的图，图8A是主视图，图8B是俯视图。
图9A、图9B是表示第二支撑托架的图，图9A是左视图，图9B是背面图。
附图标记的说明：
1 气缸体
2 气缸盖
5 传动箱
6 曲轴
6a 驱动带轮
8 电动马达
8a 马达带轮
9 无端转动带(传动带)
18 张紧机构
19 支撑托架(第一支撑托架)
20 第二支撑托架
H 发动机主体
具体实施方式
以下，一边参照附图一边说明将本发明的工业用混合动力发动机的实施方式应用于农业机械用的柴油发动机的情况。在该工业用发动机E中，将传动带9所处的一方定义为前，将飞轮壳17所处一方定义为后，将排气歧管10所处的一方定义为左，将油过滤器13所处的一方定义为右。另外，发动机主体h是具有气缸体1、气缸盖2、盖罩3以及传动箱5的概念。
如图1～图3所示，直列三气缸的工业用混合动力柴油发动机(以下，简称为发动机)E，在气缸体1之上组装有气缸盖2，在气缸体1之下组装有油底壳4。气缸体1的下部形成于曲轴箱1b，气缸体1的上部形成于气缸1a。在气缸盖2之上组装有盖罩(气缸盖罩)3。在气缸体1之前组装有传动箱5。
如图1～图3所示，在发动机E的前部配置有曲轴6的驱动带轮6a、冷却风扇(未图示)驱动用的风扇带轮7以及横跨于作为电动发电机的电动马达8的马达带轮8a的传动带(环形转动体的一个例子)9。在发动机E的左侧配置有排气歧管10、增压器(涡轮)11、电动马达8等。在发动机E的右侧配置有油过滤器13、吸气歧管14、油位计12等，在上方配置有三个喷射器15。在发动机E的后部配置有飞轮16和飞轮壳17。
如图1～图4所示，带张紧机构(张紧机构的一个例子)18以位于传动箱5的左侧的状态配置于驱动带轮6a与马达带轮8a之间，该带张紧机构18用于向风扇带轮7侧推压具有挠性的传动带9。带张紧机构18具有：张紧带轮18a，压接于传动带9的背面(外周面)；摇动臂18A，在顶端轴支撑张紧带轮18a；张紧主体18B，对摇动臂18A施力以使摇动臂18A以轴心P为中心按箭头Z方向(左方向)转动。
如图1～图5所示，电动马达8是在前后方向上观察时呈圆形的较大型(大输出)的动力用电动马达，重量也比一般的电动马达重。因此，电动马达8利用下侧的第一支撑托架19和上部右侧的第二支撑托架20牢固地安装于发动机主体h。并且，就带张紧机构18而言，将张紧主体18B的上侧通过螺栓固定安装于第一支撑托架19，且将张紧主体18B的下侧通过螺栓固定安装于发动机主体h。
如图6、图7所示，第一支撑托架19是具有托架基部19A、顶端凸部19B、突出部19C且主视时呈三角形状的金属部件。托架基部19A在基端侧(右侧)具有前后朝向且两个部位的安装孔19a、19a，所述安装孔19a、19a用于使该托架基部19A通过螺栓固定于传动箱5。在托架基部19A上，贯通形成有其他部件安装用的辅助孔19d，在背面侧形成有其他部件安装用的安装螺纹19e。
顶端凸部19B具有安装孔19b，该安装孔19b用于通过螺栓固定电动马达8，该顶端凸部19B形成于相比托架基部19A更靠后方的台阶形状的部分。突出部19C具有用于通过螺栓固定张紧主体18B的作为螺母部的螺纹孔19c，该突出部19C从托架基部19A的顶端侧(左侧)朝向下方突设设置。
如图8、图9所示，第二支撑托架20是金属部件，该第二支撑托架20具有：前安装部20A；后安装部20B；托架主体20C，在将这些前后安装部20A、20B的上部彼此连接的状态下在前后方向上位于前后安装部20A、20B之间。在前安装部20A的下部具有前后朝向的孔20a，该孔20a用于使该前安装部20A通过螺栓固定在气缸盖2的前表面。在后安装部20B的下部具有左右朝向的孔20b，该孔20b用于使后安装部20B通过螺栓固定在气缸盖2的左侧面，在后安装部20B的上部，上下朝向的内螺纹22在前后方向上形成有一对。
托架主体20C设置有向左方突出的支撑凸部21，该支撑凸部21具有前后朝向的支撑孔21a。在电动马达8上设置有向右突出的分叉托架23，通过在分叉托架23的前后一对臂部23a、23a夹持支撑凸部21的状态下通过的螺栓24，使分叉托架23与托架主体20C连接(参照图5)。此外，20D是从后安装部20B向后方突出的作用片。
如图4、图5所示，托架基部19A通过两个螺栓(未图示)与传动箱5的上部的左侧部位螺接，由此，第一支撑托架19以向左斜上方突出的状态被安装。电动马达8下侧的分叉托架25的臂部25a和顶端凸部19B通过螺栓连结，张紧主体18B的上支板18b和突出部19C通过螺栓连结。张紧主体18B的下右支板18c通过螺栓固定于传动箱5的安装部5a。
即，第一支撑托架19是为了将电动马达8的下侧支撑于传动箱5(发动机主体h)而安装的高强度构件，并且是支撑带张紧机构18的高强度构件。在第一支撑托架19的上侧配置有电动马达8，在第一支撑托架19的下侧配置有带张紧机构18。带张紧机构18是一个部位(上支板18b)经由第一支撑托架19通过螺栓固定于传动箱5且另一个部位(下右支板18c)直接通过螺栓固定于传动箱5的结构，由此，该带张紧机构18被发动机主体h支撑。
如图4、图5所示，前安装部20A通过螺栓固定于气缸盖2的前表面侧且后安装部20B通过螺栓固定于气缸盖2的左侧面，由此，第二支撑托架20被安装于发动机主体h。并且，电动马达8的分叉托架23通过螺栓固定于支撑凸部21的前后。即，电动马达8的上部经由第二支撑托架20被气缸盖2支撑。
如上所述，在第一支撑托架19的左斜上方向(从发动机主体h突出设置的方向)的一侧(上侧)配置有电动马达8，且在另一侧(下侧)配置有带张紧机构18。第一支撑托架19安装于发动机主体h中的配置有排气歧管10的一侧(左侧)。第一支撑托架19安装于在气缸体1的一端(前端)配置的传动箱5，与第一支撑托架19独立地设置且支撑电动马达8的第二支撑托架20安装于气缸盖2。
根据本发明的工业用混合动力发动机E，能够达到如下(1)～(5)的作用效果。
(1)由于使电动马达的位置固定并使该电动马达安装于发动机主体，并且独立地设置用于张紧无端转动带的张紧机构，因此，既能够使无端转动带始终适度地张紧而变为良好的状态，又能够以充分的强度支撑大且重的电动马达。
(2)通过利用第一支撑托架19和第二支撑托架20支撑电动马达8的结构，能够以充分的强度将大且重的电动马达8支撑于发动机主体h，从而能够实现发动机布局的紧凑化的微型混合动力规格的发动机E。
(3)第一支撑托架19和第二支撑托架20安装于发动机主体h的结构是使用现有技术中的螺栓孔的紧固结构，因此具有如下优点，能够通过两个支撑托架19、20的有无而以结构简单且廉价的方式选择性地设定混合动力规格和普通发动机规格。
(4)由于第一支撑托架19也支撑张紧机构18，因此，无需在传动箱5(气缸体1)和气缸盖2上设置新的安装用凸台等。因此，能够以置换成传统发动机中的发电机的方式配置电动马达8，从而具有发动机布局简单且紧凑的优点。
(5)能够利用一个支撑托架(第一支撑托架)19进行电动马达8和张紧机构18两种结构物的支撑。

Claims (7)

1.一种工业用混合动力发动机，其中，
所述工业用混合动力发动机设置有卷绕在曲轴的驱动带轮和动力用电动马达的马达带轮上的无端转动带，使用支撑托架将所述电动马达安装于发动机主体，并且在所述支撑托架上支撑有向张紧所述无端转动带的方向施力的张紧机构，
在所述工业用混合动力发动机上，相对于所述支撑托架独立地设置有第二支撑托架，该第二支撑托架支撑所述电动马达，
所述第二支撑托架具有前安装部、后安装部、以及从所述后安装部向后方突出的作用片，
所述前安装部通过螺栓固定在气缸盖的前表面，并且所述后安装部通过螺栓固定在所述气缸盖的左侧面。
2.根据权利要求1所述的工业用混合动力发动机，其中，
使用所述支撑托架使所述电动马达的下侧位置固定并对所述电动马达的下侧进行支撑，并且使用所述第二支撑托架对所述电动马达的上侧进行支撑，
所述张紧机构具有：张紧带轮；摇动臂，在顶端轴支撑所述张紧带轮；张紧主体，被所述支撑托架支撑，使所述摇动臂以轴心为中心被施力。
3.根据权利要求1所述的工业用混合动力发动机，其中，
在所述支撑托架的相对于所述支撑托架从所述发动机主体突出设置的方向的一侧配置有所述电动马达，且在所述支撑托架的相对于所述支撑托架从所述发动机主体突出设置的方向的另一侧配置有所述张紧机构。
4.根据权利要求2所述的工业用混合动力发动机，其中，
在所述支撑托架的相对于所述支撑托架从所述发动机主体突出设置的方向的一侧配置有所述电动马达，且在所述支撑托架的相对于所述支撑托架从所述发动机主体突出设置的方向的另一侧配置有所述张紧机构。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的工业用混合动力发动机，其中，
所述支撑托架安装于所述发动机主体中的配置有排气歧管的一侧。
6.根据权利要求1至4中的任一项所述的工业用混合动力发动机，其中，
所述支撑托架安装于在气缸体的一端配置的传动箱。
7.根据权利要求5所述的工业用混合动力发动机，其中，
所述支撑托架安装于在气缸体的一端配置的传动箱。
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