CN108887124A - A kind of Wild gastrodia artificial cultivation method - Google Patents
A kind of Wild gastrodia artificial cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108887124A CN108887124A CN201810909400.2A CN201810909400A CN108887124A CN 108887124 A CN108887124 A CN 108887124A CN 201810909400 A CN201810909400 A CN 201810909400A CN 108887124 A CN108887124 A CN 108887124A
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- rhizoma gastrodiae
- halimasch
- bacterium
- bacterium material
- giant knotweed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/40—Cultivation of spawn
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of Wild gastrodia artificial cultivation method, and this method includes：Bacterium culture medium preparation, inoculation, halimasch cultivation, the preparation of bacterium material, Rhizoma Gastrodiae plantation, the cultivation of Rhizoma Gastrodiae protocorm, Rhizoma Gastrodiae entity growth management, harvesting.Pass through the across-the-board regulation and control to artificial cultivation method, so that the germination percentage of seeds of Gastrodia elata is up to 99%, and the rate that grows up to of Rhizoma Gastrodiae is also constantly promoted, the Rhizoma Gastrodiae head of acquisition is uniform in size, full, condition is good, and in such a way that multilayer puts bacterium material, the yield of Rhizoma Gastrodiae is improved, economic benefit is increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of artificial cultivation methods of Wild gastrodia.More particularly, to a kind of raising Wild gastrodia kind
The artificial cultivation method of sub- germination rate.
Background technique
Rhizoma Gastrodiae is perennial saprophytic straight blue herbaceous plant, and complete stool is free of chlorophyll without greenery.There is the block of meat rouge thickness in underground
Stem is in long flat, not of uniform size.Wild gastrodia is a kind of rare rare medicinal plant, dizzy for treating hypertension, headache
Diseases, the stem tubers such as dizzy, facial paralysis, extremity numbness, infantile convulsion are the good medicine of suppressing hyperactive liver for calming endogenous wind.Because Rhizoma Gastrodiae medical value is high,
Present more and more people start planting rhizoma gastrodiae.The nutritional mode of Rhizoma Gastrodiae is special, specially draws from the intracorporal halimasch mycelia of intrusion
Nutrition, growth and development, if Rhizoma Gastrodiae if not can be carried out growth without bacterium.
The sexual propagation of Rhizoma Gastrodiae, traditional method is to sprout breeding using field crop field, after specifically digging pit, in nest
Halimasch bacteria stick is put below, then spreads a little leaves, is sprinkling upon on leaf after then sexual seed is stirred with Germination Strain or bottom in nest
Layer puts leaf, spreads the seeds of Gastrodia elata of Germination Strain seed dressing, upper face pressure bacteria stick, most rear cover sandy soil, allows its natural germination and growth, and two to three
It is excavated after year.But since Rhizoma Gastrodiae growing environment is uncontrollable, seeds of Gastrodia elata itself germination percentage is low, though or it can germinate and have many kinds
Son cannot connect close ring bacterium in time and can not grow, and cause yield few and extremely unstable, affect the positive of peasant planting Rhizoma Gastrodiae
Property, constrain Tianma industry development.
Accordingly, it is desirable to provide a kind of raising seeds of Gastrodia elata germination percentage, and can be grown for Rhizoma Gastrodiae and sufficient nutrition is provided, it improves
The cultural method of Rhizoma Gastrodiae yield.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of raising Rhizoma Gastrodiae Wild gastrodia kind
Sub- germination rate provides sufficient nutrition for Rhizoma Gastrodiae protocorm and the growth of Rhizoma Gastrodiae entity, improves the cultural method of Rhizoma Gastrodiae yield.
It is achieved particular by following technical scheme：
A kind of Wild gastrodia artificial cultivation method, this method include：Bacterium culture medium preparation, inoculation, mycelia and shoestring cultivation,
The preparation of bacterium material, Rhizoma Gastrodiae plantation, the cultivation of Rhizoma Gastrodiae protocorm, Rhizoma Gastrodiae entity growth management, harvesting；
Specifically include following process：
(1) prepared by bacterium culture medium
Giant knotweed rhizome residue impregnates to 15 in the salt water that concentration is 15~25%~for 24 hours, 2~5h of immersion is then moved into water, is used
Water washing 2~5 times, dry, obtaining humidity is 45~60% giant knotweed rhizome residues；
Washing fine sand is laid in wooden case bottom, fine sand is washed with a thickness of 90~100mm, giant knotweed rhizome residue is then laid in water
Wash on fine sand, giant knotweed rhizome residue with a thickness of 90~100mm；
Giant knotweed rhizome residue is a kind of vegetable matter, and the content of organic matter is very high, and light, and aeration is good, and being that one kind is good has
Machine fertilizer and Light media raw material can grow for halimasch and provide sufficient carbon nutrient, nitrogen nutrient and mineral element.Sufficiently
Using giant knotweed rhizome residue, on the basis of meeting halimasch growing nutrient, the utilization rate of giant knotweed rhizome residue is also improved.
(2) it is inoculated with
Halimasch kind is seeded on giant knotweed rhizome residue, forming one includes washing fine sand and the giant knotweed rhizome residue for being inoculated with halimasch
Composite layer, then cover the washing fine sand of one layer of 120-150mm；Wherein, the inoculum concentration of halimasch kind be giant knotweed rhizome residue quality 3~
4%；
Preferably, step (2) further comprise to form multilayer include washing fine sand and be inoculated with the polygonum cuspidate of halimasch
The step of composite layer of slag.
(3) halimasch is cultivated
It is inside and outside to giant knotweed rhizome residue that the bacterium culture medium of inoculated halimasch kind is placed in culture in 19~21 DEG C of environment
Cover with halimasch mycelia and shoestring；
Halimasch mycelia starts to grow at 6-8 DEG C, but shoestring could be grown at 15-18 DEG C, and then can more than 30 DEG C
It stops growing, therefore the application makes the mycelia of halimasch and shoestring can fast-growth by the temperature of control culture medium.
Preferably, the mycelia and shoestring cultivation time are 50~60 days.
(4) bacterium material prepares
One piece of hillside fields is selected, is barricaded as cultivating canopy, dig pit, the depth in hole is 55~80cm, in hole one layer of bed soil of middle berth, then
Putting into the adjacent bacterium material spacing of bacterium material is 5~10cm, and each each layer in hole puts 9~12 root fungus materials；Wherein, the bacterium material is
Diameter is 4~8cm, and length is the leaf wood timber for cutting fish scale mouth of 70~100cm.
Preferably, the bed soil is to be minced to be uniformly mixed by sandy soil and agricultural crop straw mixed powder to obtain, humidity 50
~65%, pH are 5.5~6.0；The quality that agricultural crop straw is wherein added in every 100 square metres of sandy soil is 4~5 kilograms.
Preferably, the spacing between the fish scale mouth of the bacterium material is 10~15cm.
Preferably, the bacterium material is when putting, and according to the direction of fish scale mouth, positive and negative interval is put.
(5) Rhizoma Gastrodiae is planted
In the environment that temperature is 5~10 DEG C, halimasch mycelia made from step (3) and shoestring are divided into 6~11cm3
Fritter be placed at the fish scale mouth of bacterium material, then seeds of Gastrodia elata is placed into around close ring mycelia, formed one include bed soil
With the composite layer for the bacterium material for being placed with halimasch, seeds of Gastrodia elata at fish scale mouth；The bed soil that a layer thickness is 5~12cm is covered again,
The kuh-seng water that mass concentration is 0.05~0.1% is sprayed, the humidity 50~60% of topsoil is made；Wherein, the seeds of Gastrodia elata
It is mixed with Germination Strain；
Germination Strain described herein refers to can provide the fungi of nutrition for gastrodia seed germination.Due to the kind of seeds of Gastrodia elata
Embryo does not break up, and without storage seed sprout necessary to all nutriments, therefore sprout when do not required nothing more than it is suitable
When temperature, oxygen and moisture, it is also necessary to some fungies provide nutriment for it.
Preferably, when placing halimasch mycelia and shoestring at leaf wood timber fish scale mouth, every 3~4 leaf wood timber
Between the leaf wood timber of not placing halimasch mycelia and shoestring of setting 1.
Preferably, the Rhizoma Gastrodiae plantation time is late October to early December or 2 months.Preferably, in step (5)
It further comprise the step to form the composite layer of the bacterium material including being placed with halimasch, seeds of Gastrodia elata at bed soil and fish scale mouth of multilayer
Suddenly.
(6) Rhizoma Gastrodiae protocorm is cultivated
Protocorm is formed after gastrodia seed germination, keeps ventilation in canopy, and keeping bed soil humidity is 35~40%, and maintains canopy
After interior temperature is 15~30 DEG C, 2~4 months, the protocorm bad except growing way；
After seeds of Gastrodia elata starts sprouting, embryo leading portion gradually expands, and finally emerges from a break in the seed coat, and forms immature protocorm；
In the early growth period of protocorm, nutrition relies primarily on Germination Strain offer, and as it is constantly grown up, protocorm is needed by sweet ring
Bacterium provides nutrition, if therefore protocorm cannot establish nutrition supply relationship with close ring bacterium in time, protocorm then can growing way not
It is good, or even death occurs, it needs at this time and the time removes the bad protocorm of growing way.
(7) Rhizoma Gastrodiae entity growth management
After being differentiated to form Rhizoma Gastrodiae entity at the top of protocorm, temperature of shed is maintained to be in 15~25 DEG C, air humidity is in 60
~90%, bed soil humidity is 60~80%, using light or period poison bait pest；
With the further growth of protocorm, it can be differentiated to form bulb one by one at the separate living tissue of top, these bulbs
As Rhizoma Gastrodiae entity.In developmental process, the nutrition supply relationship for needing to establish by protocorm with halimasch obtains Rhizoma Gastrodiae entity
Take nutrition.
Rhizoma Gastrodiae entity growth period, the control of temperature is most important, starts to grow at 14 DEG C, and growth is pressed down at 30 DEG C
System, thus it is overwintering before to thicken earthing, and it is antifreeze to cover leaf；During summer high temperature, it should put up a shed or make long-stalked crop shade.
In addition, to have cleared up gutter before rainy season arrives, exclude ponding in time, rot to prevent stem tuber.
Easily there is random root disease, mainly miscellaneous bacteria intrusion or excessive rainfall in Rhizoma Gastrodiae growth period, it is therefore desirable to which selection draining is good
Rhizoma Gastrodiae is planted in good place, furthermore to avoid bacterium material from being infected by bacteria, bacterium material gap wants populated.Grub larva can bite Rhizoma Gastrodiae broken
Stalk or nozzle eat day snippings, cause disconnected stem and root cavity；And the adult and nymph of mole cricket endanger day straw, and make tunnel in underground
Road, being killed Rhizoma Gastrodiae section part is in flax silk shape.Therefore, the insect-pest in Rhizoma Gastrodiae developmental process is extremely important, and light trap can be used
Adult, it is also possible to which 700 times of liquid of 90% 1000 times of metrifonate or 75% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate pour, or with 0.025 kilogram of Niran missible oil
It stirs fragrant 5 kilograms of wheat bran plus suitable quantity of water is made into poison bait, in being spread on field or furrow face trapping at dusk.
(8) it harvests
According to the environment of planting site, can be harvested after Rhizoma Gastrodiae enters suspend mode.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
By the present invention in that using giant knotweed rhizome residue as culture medium, pass through the regulation to culture medium, inoculation and cultivating process, gained
Halimasch mycelia and shoestring growth are vigorous, and sufficient nutrition can be provided for the growth of Rhizoma Gastrodiae.
Technical solution of the present invention is to halimasch cultivation, the preparation of bacterium material, Rhizoma Gastrodiae plantation, seedling culture, seedling management and adopts
It receives all links and has carried out comprehensive adjustment and control, so that the germination percentage of seeds of Gastrodia elata is up to 99%, and Rhizoma Gastrodiae grows up to rate
Also the Rhizoma Gastrodiae head of not short promotion, acquisition is uniform in size, full, and condition is good, and in such a way that multilayer puts bacterium material, improves
The yield of Rhizoma Gastrodiae, increases economic benefit.
Specific embodiment
In order to illustrate more clearly of the present invention, below with reference to preferred embodiment, the present invention is described further.Ability
Field technique personnel should be appreciated that following specifically described content is illustrative and be not restrictive, this should not be limited with this
The protection scope of invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of Wild gastrodia artificial cultivation method, this method include：Bacterium culture medium preparation, inoculation, halimasch cultivation, bacterium material
Preparation, Rhizoma Gastrodiae plantation, seedling culture, seedling management, harvesting；
Specifically include following process：
(1) prepared by bacterium culture medium
Giant knotweed rhizome residue is impregnated for 24 hours in the salt water that concentration is 15, then moves into and impregnates 5h in water, be washed with water 4 times, do
Dry, obtaining humidity is 45% giant knotweed rhizome residue；
The washing fine sand of 90mm thickness is laid in wooden case bottom, then giant knotweed rhizome residue is laid on washing fine sand；It is wherein brave
Cane slag with a thickness of 100mm；
(2) it is inoculated with
Halimasch kind is seeded on giant knotweed rhizome residue, forming one includes washing fine sand and the giant knotweed rhizome residue for being inoculated with halimasch
Composite layer, then cover the washing fine sand of one layer of 120-150mm；Wherein, the inoculum concentration of halimasch kind be giant knotweed rhizome residue quality 3~
4%；
(3) halimasch is cultivated
The bacterium culture medium of inoculated halimasch kind is placed in 20 DEG C of environment, after 60 days, the inside and outside length of giant knotweed rhizome residue
Full halimasch mycelia and shoestring；
(4) bacterium material prepares
One piece of hillside fields is selected, is barricaded as cultivating canopy, dig pit, the depth in hole is 55cm.With sandy soil and agricultural crop straw mixed powder
It minces to be uniformly mixed and obtains bed soil, adjusting its humidity is 50%, pH 5.5.Then hole one layer of bed soil of middle berth, then put into
Bacterium material, bacterium material according to the direction of fish scale mouth, put by positive and negative interval, and adjacent bacterium material spacing is 8cm, and each each layer in hole puts 10
1 bacterium material for not placing halimasch mycelia and shoestring is placed between bacterium material and every 3 root fungus material；Wherein, the bacterium material is that diameter is
5cm, length are the leaf wood timber for cutting fish scale mouth of 70cm, and the distance between fish scale mouth is 12cm；Wherein, every 100 squares
The quality that crop stalk is added in rice sandy soil is 5 kilograms.
(5) Rhizoma Gastrodiae is planted
Halimasch mycelia and shoestring are divided into 8cm at 8 DEG C by November3Fritter be placed at the fish scale mouth of bacterium material, so
Seeds of Gastrodia elata is placed into around close ring mycelia afterwards, forming one includes being placed with halimasch, Gastrodia at bed soil and fish scale mouth
The composite layer of the bacterium material of son；Then the bed soil of one layer of 5~12cm thickness of covering, sprinkling mass concentration are 0.05% in time thereon again
Kuh-seng water, make the humidity 60% of topsoil；The seeds of Gastrodia elata is mixed with Germination Strain；
(6) Rhizoma Gastrodiae protocorm is cultivated
Seed forms protocorm after sprouting, keep ventilation in canopy, count to germination rate, and discovery germination rate is up to
After 99.2%, keeping bed soil humidity is 40%, and to maintain temperature of shed be 20 DEG C, 3 months, except the bad protocorm of growing way
Stem；
(7) Rhizoma Gastrodiae entity growth management
After Rhizoma Gastrodiae entity is differentiated at the top of protocorm, temperature of shed is maintained to be in 15~25 DEG C, air humidity is in 60~
90%, bed soil humidity is 60~80%, using light or period poison bait pest；
(8) it harvests
Second year late November can be harvested after Rhizoma Gastrodiae entity enters suspend mode.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Wild gastrodia artificial cultivation method, this method include：Bacterium culture medium preparation, inoculation, halimasch cultivation, bacterium material
Preparation, Rhizoma Gastrodiae plantation, seedling culture, seedling management, harvesting；
Specifically include following process：
(1) bacterium culture medium preparation and inoculation
Giant knotweed rhizome residue is impregnated into 20h in the salt water that concentration is 20, then moves into and impregnates 4h in water, be washed with water 4 times, do
Dry, obtaining humidity is 55% giant knotweed rhizome residue；
In the washing fine sand of one layer of 100mm thickness of wooden case bottom tiling, the giant knotweed rhizome residue of 90mm thickness is covered；
(2) it is inoculated with
It is inoculated in halimasch kind to giant knotweed rhizome residue；The washing fine sand for the one layer of 90mm thickness that tile again covers the polygonum cuspidate of 90mm thickness
Slag is inoculated in halimasch kind to giant knotweed rhizome residue；The washing fine sand for the one layer of 100mm thickness that tile again covers the giant knotweed rhizome residue of 100mm thickness, connects
In kind halimasch kind to giant knotweed rhizome residue, then cover the washing fine sand of one layer of 120-150mm；Wherein, the cultivation amount of halimasch kind is tiger
The 4% of cane slag amount.
(3) halimasch is cultivated
After the culture medium of inoculated halimasch kind is placed in 20 DEG C, 60 days, giant knotweed rhizome residue is inside and outside to cover with halimasch bacterium
Silk and shoestring；
(4) bacterium material prepares
One piece of hillside fields is selected, is barricaded as cultivating canopy, dig pit, the depth in hole is 80cm.With sandy soil and agricultural crop straw mixed powder
It minces to be uniformly mixed and obtains bed soil, adjusting its humidity is 65%, pH 6.0.Then hole one layer of bed soil of middle berth, then put into
Bacterium material, bacterium material according to the direction of fish scale mouth, put by positive and negative interval, and adjacent bacterium material spacing is 5cm, and each each layer in hole puts 12
1 bacterium material for not placing halimasch mycelia and shoestring is placed between bacterium material and every 3 root fungus material；Wherein, it is 5cm that bacterium material, which is diameter, long
Degree is the leaf wood timber for cutting fish scale mouth of 80cm, and the distance between fish scale mouth is 15cm；Wherein, every 100 square metres of sandy soil
The middle quality that crop stalk is added is 4 kilograms.
(5) Rhizoma Gastrodiae is planted
Halimasch mycelia and shoestring are divided into 6cm at 5 DEG C by early December3Fritter be placed in the fish scale mouth of bacterium material
Seeds of Gastrodia elata, is then placed into around close ring mycelia by place, and forming one includes being placed with halimasch, day at bed soil and fish scale mouth
The composite layer of the bacterium material of numb seed；Then the bed soil of one layer of 12cm of covering, sprinkling mass concentration are 0.08% in time thereon again
Kuh-seng water makes the humidity 55% of topsoil；Wherein, the seeds of Gastrodia elata is mixed with Germination Strain；
(6) Rhizoma Gastrodiae protocorm is cultivated
Seed forms protocorm after sprouting, ventilation in canopy is kept, emergence rate is counted, discovery emergence rate is up to
After 99.0%, keeping bed soil humidity is 35%, and to maintain temperature of shed be 25 DEG C, 4 months, except the bad seedling of growing way；
(7) Rhizoma Gastrodiae entity growth management
After Rhizoma Gastrodiae entity is differentiated at the top of protocorm, temperature of shed is maintained to be in 15~25 DEG C, air humidity is in 60~
90%, bed soil humidity is 60~80%, using light or period poison bait pest；
(8) it harvests
Second year late November can be harvested after Rhizoma Gastrodiae enters suspend mode.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Wild gastrodia artificial cultivation method, this method include：Bacterium culture medium preparation, inoculation, halimasch cultivation, bacterium material
Preparation, Rhizoma Gastrodiae plantation, seedling culture, seedling management, harvesting；
Specifically include following process：
(1) prepared by bacterium culture medium
Giant knotweed rhizome residue is impregnated into 15h in the salt water that concentration is 25, then moves into and impregnates 5h in water, be washed with water 5 times, do
Dry, obtaining humidity is 45% giant knotweed rhizome residue；
The washing fine sand of 100mm thickness is laid in wooden case bottom, then giant knotweed rhizome residue is laid on washing fine sand；It is wherein brave
Cane slag with a thickness of 90mm；
(2) it is inoculated with
Halimasch kind is seeded on giant knotweed rhizome residue, forming one includes washing fine sand and the giant knotweed rhizome residue for being inoculated with halimasch
Composite layer, then cover the washing fine sand of one layer of 150mm；Wherein, the cultivation amount of halimasch kind is the 4% of giant knotweed rhizome residue quality；
(3) halimasch is cultivated
After the bacterium culture medium of inoculated halimasch kind is placed in 21 DEG C, 50 days, giant knotweed rhizome residue is inside and outside to cover with halimasch
Mycelia and shoestring；
(4) bacterium material prepares and Rhizoma Gastrodiae is planted
One piece of hillside fields is selected, is barricaded as cultivating canopy, dig pit, the depth in hole is 70cm.With sandy soil and agricultural crop straw mixed powder
It minces to be uniformly mixed and obtains bed soil, adjusting its humidity is 50%, pH 5.5；Then in hole one layer of bed soil of middle berth, then according to fish
The direction of squama mouth, positive and negative interval are put, and adjacent bacterium material spacing is 5cm, and each each layer in hole puts 12 root fungus materials and every 3 root fungus
1 bacterium material for not placing halimasch mycelia and shoestring is placed between material；Bacterium material is that diameter is 4cm, and length has cut fish scale for 90cm's
The leaf wood timber of mouth, the distance between fish scale mouth are 15cm；Wherein, crop stalk is added in every 100 square metres of sandy soil
Quality is 4 kilograms.
(5) Rhizoma Gastrodiae is planted
Halimasch mycelia and shoestring are divided into 6cm in 10 DEG C of environment by early Febuary3Fritter be placed in the fish scale of bacterium material
At mouthful, then seeds of Gastrodia elata is placed into around close ring mycelia, then covers one layer of bed soil in time on it；It is put again into bacterium
Halimasch mycelia and shoestring are divided into 6cm by material3Fritter be placed at the fish scale mouth of bacterium material, then seeds of Gastrodia elata is placed into
Around close ring mycelia, one layer of bed soil is then covered in time on it；Successively carry out 6 times, the last layer bed soil with a thickness of 13cm,
The kuh-seng water that mass concentration is 0.08% is sprayed, the humidity 60% of topsoil is made；Seeds of Gastrodia elata is mixed with Germination Strain.
(6) Rhizoma Gastrodiae protocorm is cultivated
Seed forms protocorm after sprouting, keep ventilation in canopy, count to emergence rate, and discovery emergence rate is up to
After 99.3%, keeping bed soil humidity is 40%, and to maintain temperature of shed be 20 DEG C, 2 months, except the bad protocorm of growing way
Stem；
(7) Rhizoma Gastrodiae entity growth management
After Rhizoma Gastrodiae entity is differentiated at the top of protocorm, temperature of shed is maintained to be in 15~25 DEG C, air humidity is in 60~
90%%, bed soil humidity is 60~80%, using light or period poison bait pest；
(8) it harvests
Second year late November can be harvested after Rhizoma Gastrodiae enters suspend mode.
Comparative example 1
Compared with Example 1, when step (1) carries out bacterium culture medium preparation, polygonum cuspidate is replaced with agricultural crop straw mixture
Slag, other conditions are constant.It can be found that：The germination rate of seed is 59% in step (6), and protocorm is in the death of growth period
Rate and the bad ratio of growing way greatly improve.
Comparative example 2
Compared with Example 1, in step (7) in Rhizoma Gastrodiae entity developmental process, temperature of shed is maintained to be in 30 DEG C, other
Condition is constant.As a result, it has been found that：After differentiating Rhizoma Gastrodiae entity by protocorm top again, the growth of Rhizoma Gastrodiae entity is very slow, gained
The size of Rhizoma Gastrodiae entity is the half of embodiment 1.
Comparative example 3
Compared with Example 1, in step (6), maintaining temperature of shed is at 12 DEG C, and other conditions are constant.As a result, it has been found that：
In step (6) germination rate of seed be 74%, and protocorm the bad ratio of the death rate and growing way of growth period significantly
It improves.
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention be only to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and not be pair
The restriction of embodiments of the present invention may be used also on the basis of the above description for those of ordinary skill in the art
To make other variations or changes in different ways, all embodiments can not be exhaustive here, it is all to belong to this hair
The obvious changes or variations that bright technical solution is extended out are still in the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of Wild gastrodia artificial cultivation method, which is characterized in that this method includes：Bacterium culture medium preparation, inoculation, halimasch
Cultivation, the preparation of bacterium material, Rhizoma Gastrodiae plantation, the cultivation of Rhizoma Gastrodiae protocorm, Rhizoma Gastrodiae entity growth management, harvesting；
Specifically include following process：
(1) prepared by bacterium culture medium
Giant knotweed rhizome residue impregnates to 15 in the salt water that concentration is 15~25%~for 24 hours, 2~5h of immersion is then moved into water, is washed with water
It washs 2~5 times, dry, obtaining humidity is 45~60% giant knotweed rhizome residues；
Washing fine sand is laid in wooden case bottom, fine sand is washed with a thickness of 90~100mm, it is thin that giant knotweed rhizome residue is then laid in washing
Sha Shang, giant knotweed rhizome residue with a thickness of 90~100mm；
(2) it is inoculated with
Halimasch kind is seeded on giant knotweed rhizome residue, being formed includes the composite layer for washing fine sand with the giant knotweed rhizome residue for being inoculated with halimasch,
The washing fine sand of one layer of 120-150mm is covered again；Wherein, the inoculum concentration of halimasch kind is the 3~4% of giant knotweed rhizome residue quality；
(3) halimasch is cultivated
The culture medium of inoculated halimasch kind is placed in cultivate in 19~21 DEG C of environment to giant knotweed rhizome residue is inside and outside and covers with honey
Ring bacterium mycelia and shoestring；
(4) bacterium material prepares
One piece of hillside fields is selected, is barricaded as cultivating canopy, dig pit, the depth in hole is 55~80cm, in hole one layer of bed soil of middle berth, is then put
Enter bacterium material, adjacent bacterium material spacing is 5~10cm, and each each layer in hole puts 9~12 root fungus materials；Wherein, the bacterium material is diameter
For 4~8cm, length is the leaf wood timber for cutting fish scale mouth of 70~100cm；
(5) Rhizoma Gastrodiae is planted
In the environment that temperature is 5~10 DEG C, halimasch mycelia made from step (3) and shoestring are divided into 6~11cm3Fritter,
It is placed at the fish scale mouth of bacterium material, then seeds of Gastrodia elata is placed into around close ring mycelia, being formed includes at bed soil and fish scale mouth
Be placed with halimasch, seeds of Gastrodia elata bacterium material composite layer；The bed soil that a layer thickness is 5~12cm is covered again, and sprinkling quality is dense
The kuh-seng water that degree is 0.05~0.1%, makes the humidity 50~60% of topsoil；Wherein, the seeds of Gastrodia elata is mixed with Germination Strain；
(6) Rhizoma Gastrodiae protocorm is cultivated
Seed forms protocorm after sprouting, and keeps ventilation in canopy, and keeping bed soil humidity is 35~40%, and maintains the temperature of shed to be
After 15~30 DEG C, 2~4 months, the protocorm bad except growing way；
(7) Rhizoma Gastrodiae entity growth management
After differentiating Rhizoma Gastrodiae entity at the top of protocorm, temperature of shed is maintained to be in 15~25 DEG C, air humidity is in 60~90%,
The native humidity of bed is 60~80%, using light or period poison bait pest；
(8) it harvests
According to the environment of planting site, harvested after Rhizoma Gastrodiae entity enters suspend mode.
2. cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (3), the halimasch cultivation time is 50
~60 days.
3. cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (4), the bed soil is by sandy soil and farming
Object stalk mixed powder minces to be uniformly mixed and obtain, and humidity is that 50~65%, pH is 5.5~6.0；In every 100 square metres of sandy soil
The quality that crop stalk is added is 4~5 kilograms.
4. cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (4), between the fish scale mouth of the bacterium material
Spacing is 10~15cm.
5. cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (4), the bacterium material when putting, according to
The direction of fish scale mouth, positive and negative interval are put.
6. cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (5), honey is placed at the fish scale mouth of bacterium material
1 bacterium material for not placing halimasch mycelia and shoestring is set when ring bacterium mycelia and shoestring, between every 3~4 root fungus material.
7. cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (5), the Rhizoma Gastrodiae plantation time is October
The last ten-days period to early December or 2 months.
8. cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (2) further comprises the packet to form multilayer
The step of including the composite layer of washing fine sand and the giant knotweed rhizome residue for being inoculated with halimasch.
9. cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (5) further comprises the packet to form multilayer
Include be placed at bed soil and fish scale mouth halimasch, seeds of Gastrodia elata bacterium material composite layer the step of.
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